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About The Oregon Argus. (Oregon City [Or.]) 1855-1863 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 23, 1856)
Ill B-crelsry tl n r imi ui wicuiu) u- liMMMitd l,r, my MM 1.1111111 lllr..-, liu -- i ., mil la confirm III opinion thru iu. 'qui HIP liroprwlv of mking irui on, by rur.d lil, luf dlil'J oilier, nil lor IncmuMfil cfliriM.iiM.noii ii II,. ,.t for ..My. niy -1 ,r .i.... "I'P '."' ' '"r .irtrd, i,m u. .,......;') i-y "'"'"'"' ') '"'"'''.'J; ?,' III uflieeni reunited on ......IC... .....j . tar i i. rum I.u - ee. h.v n 10 lli.injid.l lion.l fotc. I'h. ..Lrn,,,....l.iio.T. I,er.t,f,.r. m.i! for MrtUI rorr..,i..iion ,,f th. m.y at "l'he tl.ofoi.ah lm.L.r rrfu-iiitien t v.n lo Item- offmn who fmmwm t lh-irri wuli H' t'"1 nf cadet, qual.flca tlirm, lo con'.lil)l xifiH, la porlorin lli (Iiiiimi i,f wry rin m in kii w , but to jiy Hi ImkIimI rflio.Miffy lo mlilli r r i)uirw Ih prudi.- mid p.Tlul tinly if nun) yir and II I nol, lliilo, txur r. d lo b iid iihlloiniiiiil!n, in lim ofprni-, UrgnUn r i.f lhat arm than caa bf mnially ni'p'nj-d In II dtrtiif pppriaiimi loth irrtr of In-M ai d vrf rlillTy. Tli duliiw of Malr in all ia rarioun braiichea bflotiff lo Hi morainrnta of lit tro ; and Ih flicirory of an army in Ihn lirld unuM niat rially drpond Un Ih abilny Willi winch iho dulica ar dwchi.(fc d. ll i not, aa in Ih e.i Ih artillery, i antcialtyt bnl n qmr.- ol-o an Inli null knowldg) of Ih Hut ta of an llicr of lh line. (lid il i nol dniiblrd thut lo eoniil. ir th cd noalinn of 'an oflicur for eillier ihr linn nr Ih j'li Krai alalT, It ' dtairahlv lluit Ii ahull hut arrxil in both. With tin new, il w.m rcconimaiided on furmar owa'ion, llml Iho dul:ra of Ih M ill al.euld b mainly porlorinrd by d. Uiui limn Ihr tin and, Willi eouyio'.ion i f Ilia ailyiiniacra dial would rrull from rurli a ehani; il la again iit anlid for Ih Oouaideialion ol L'ongrrMb ' HAVr. Th rrrmi of th f.irlnry of ilio Nary, hftr- ilb aiihiniilrd,hibiiin fulllli imml niriot on of Ih i.l yrar, logiihrr wild ih r-.il s.mdi l.oo of Ih .Tviof and it niuki a nnri,ioii of fur lhr Irgidalion, lo which your all. hum u lnnlf.1. 'I'heoontlruclion of Ih i lrm frigntr, fur which p)iroinutioii wrro mail bv Ih l.il ( on grca, baa pndi'd in Iho moat niimuc"T mun m r, and Willi (Uili riK J. lion na lo rurruul the belief that Ihay will b ready for aervire e nriy Ih coining (piing. Iinpnrtanl ua lliia addiiiou lo our naval fori' ii, il at ill renmina iiia.leiinile lo th cuii lingcut cxigcuuiea of the prolrction ol I lie edeiuive cial aud V't coimueicial inlere-U uf Ihr United Rliite. In view of Ihi fucL and i.f Hi acknowledged windoiu of the policy of a gmdual it nd jaleniatio incrrjac of Ihv navy, au efipiouna tlon w rt'coniiii.'iuli'd for Hi oonaiiuciiou ol ix team lmp if wjr. In regard to III id p Inken Iu ' cnl ou of the ol of ('oii;(rui lo iruin.. ihv lliceucy of llf navy, ll ia iimiecruiary for niv lo jy in.ne limn to r.xprwa entire eonciim m e ia llie oUervmivii mi that tul.jcct prenoiUJ by the riecielary in In re port. tot orrirc . It ill be perceived by II. rp.rl of Ih ri maaler lienernl, thai Ih grom expt u.liiui nf Ihe i. pirtiiK'nl lor Ih hot lincul jr.ir w.u nine million nine hundred and n'xly eighl lliouaud iln. r faunrfr. dand foriy-lwn do Urt, unil ihe grnn re erlplxrrra million Hire hunpred and furly-twn Ih'iumnd on huu.irnl ami Ihirly-aix di.llnN, mi king an excea of ek'iidilurp over rccoipia of iivo million 'nil hnn.lii'd ami . w. tit x Ihuu-mid Iwn bumlred two hundrril nnd lx dn.lnni; lliui Ihe e.l of mail tmmp'irl iiion during Hi it tear i eix hundred and n vi'iily four lliuw.mi l n'ine hun dred and flily. two d'.llini (freuli r than tli provi oiairenr. Murh of Iho hmvy ixpcndiiuru'., lo which Hi In-ariiry i tliua nil.j.'cu.l, n m b as cribed to Ih Inri; 'jiiunlily of primed mull, r con veyed by th mail, either Ir.iiikrd, or liabi lo no ponlag by Inw.or to very low rule nf p..inVf;e eonip'ired with lh.il charged on lolieii, ami U. Hi great coat of mail (ervic nn railroadi and by wean teamen. 'llt iigi;ealiona of the r.jlmali Gen eral on Ih nlijui'i deierve Ih coiildoiul,ou o; Congreot. INTl:io. The repurl of ilm Si ereiary of the Interior will "Seg your alleullon, aa w.'ll fcr uwliil aitMgei liona ll rnnlaina.aa fur Iho Intercut and inipoiluiica of Ihe ruhjeola to which Ihcy refer. Th aggregate auiuunt of public land rold dur ing Ihe luat hacal y. ar, locatui wiili military wnp nr landwananla,tukeu npuii ler grunia for nmlii, nd aalaoled aaawamp lamia by Btaiea,e trtealy four million flv humlrrd anj lifiv-aeveu lln.uand four hundred and nine acc. of which Hie pnrnuu old waa fifteen million aeveu hiindieil and tweniy nine thouaand five liun.lreil mid tiveniy-fmit air.a, yielding in receipir ihe uni of dev. n million four hundred and eighty live thouaand (hive humlrrd and eighty dnllnr. In Ih eum peiiod oft me right million levenhundred and lweiny-ih:ee thou and tight hundred and fi fty-l'otft neu have I ecu urreyed bgt, in con:dcrut on of the quantity al ready subject to entry, no a Jdilioual Irauw have been brought into market. The peculiar relation of the general gorernnimil to the dwlrict of Columbia render il priMcr to com mend lo your cure nol only Ita maiersl, but ebo ita moral interest, iiieluding t-rfuciilii.il, more tape eially In Ihsae porta of the district otitaale of the cit lea of Wanhiiigtou ll. t!entgol.nvit, Th coniuiMtuner appniuicd lo reviu ami cud Ify lite law of th Pijtr ci have nimle i,c, ,.,. re. In Ihe perfiirmance of their tti-k aa to iimiio ila oomplellou in ihe l.m piet.onh.il by the act of liilorimtinn ha receiilly bo. ll received that ihe renranrikMlil..H ... . . . I IV- K'lr.ior.faoi un goii ...... woiii.ii-ivu i . m uin, .1 ,v ii.imi. k .... part of Ih Indiana, with ind euiii.. nr ... .i. v. uuiuannuani a iinaiiia iharacler JIIIOIIJ Ihe k:....i a .. i . . . " """v ! mi uiai quuner, llie mm aetioua ni their u.w. ibeefleol by reancti of Iho iindeterm.iu d loreigu interealieiialiugiu thou Triili,rii,tw huh ,,,r '" """ nireany oeeeu wneo a v invii. .1 l.v. Ilcienl m,ja.ure. hv been Ink. 11, which il i he-1 ... .... ..e,e qn ei, una ullord prolect.ou to our 1 In the Terrilnrv of lvan.,.n th.r h.. . u pn-jiitlicinl to good order, but aa y el n "lie have oo currtd under CtnMtin.ia.icw to juaufy ihe inteipo-i aiiion at il,a rH.iUh.i l- .:. . .... c J ll'V IIIICIUU I lhl could only 1 ......... ...v mrrunv. I Hal could unlv be in rae of ebatriteiiun i r,t..rai i. . .. ' ganiied resiatanca loteirilorial, aianiing'ilie char. -n maiirreciion, wnteh, if it .hould ov ax.. I k ..... J .... . I 01CUI-, Pr8M- I clifriib ilia lump, howinvr. thai ih.. ,i. uaj my nmv urOiimiiv In ni-M..,.. ... 1 tumrt of tnv wh ui.iAuitHf -v..i . ;n i. 1 filled by lh ..mnd u f tie ,.M.p!e uf the Tt r-! ....... si.. .. -I . uei nei o ii..i,.,iit.,.,. .... ......, ..ep,,,,,!,, iheniaelyc. p.-uce'ullv, to 1 ii llTh 01 "l!,,, l,d "'"' '' l"'-cl- &tlSTZu r wil1 ' " ! Ih partof he ciluei.,if ,y of U), Slm B,v.rbe,.ri? I,0,'"l:7ll," r'hi.Th.r,.o,yh,.' never been eurv.yed nd .,-a!,li.,cd. Ther.pdlv h I.J J v " XVn '"'"l'le. hi Ihe 1 ? ' ' N'x,c" " , wil 10 una uu, ant real III neiJiablitv ll... . ...i ...r..i.j . un. j ..ua, ai , . .,.., c-'tuaieiiu Ilia 7. "..Bi.aiaoi in. neveru State. Each .uhje0oyo.,re.r!yeon.;de.i0. 8 ""!:. ,p,ly pu.,rdi ,.., . I liav. U,M r;,, i - - th I'liiun, tno'ud tiir ii.-h uri,.,.,.. . .F-.pnri-rj.iAtL Tll'.or.V., m. - - r tn ldrl pimuineiil, whether of dorncne vn..Kn rv...... , Kp,-tlv ,0 i,,Mf j ina-rul to bring lo th cW BolH , t o.,t I ulik lb great Hl.l,-. of Kurope end A, and nuuy of th. f Auwnc,, , Vniltli s,,,,, w..ing Uiir.irenih uithr iu f,.ieign war Rl. doww-i .inf.. W ,.trr of d M,llrn, u diM.l.Jaet. M. , .kbV , i'. Ictioo. of bum.., B.lur,, llirHlr , , , f r..,eula, ho.eirr irr.., .m..i. v . t .r ' ,tn n"."n wwUvlu T T "'Ji. of H.I el action Z v.-iij uk DMMio mi.d a.,..;.. .... . . . a. ra-.ifirc.aiioa m lna, .... . . c'.ai evei.: , n .1. or over aoul iu ane al tiunnivein. nt, ,... ,, , ' " i'M i (V- rnmml. In lwlr irii m" I- . " , .....i aa. ''"" V" ' . ...... , .!,.' - .... umiM umiuifwi ru HI IIIIH I r' '' ' ------ r - g'"- II. r..r ih Tlrin ""'' ''" "" u When thai lie waa ' drnrudei-tv ui ih.win. ''"" "'7 "'7 -" " " r - ! t-t.1. f i.blu.lf g..v.ii.ii.t I ll ii.en ci I "" ' '" 01 " .llJT. l iM,n..r .no.., t-v.a n H r''f 1 r iiion, wei im oiiiy ni ii " siww li-h, holly wilhoul inli if n iic In m uny oflior. In ih lioiruui'ti of Ilia Utiiaraiicn oi nm. p. u deuce, oiivh Male hud ' full power lo levy war, e oiivlmlr peace, colli r. I alheii'-ea, eataUli.ll com in. ici; and do all oilier acta and lliinga which in depend, u.leni Siie nmy of right da" Th eve. rl i olou ea d Hi-red iu t Hmate, In il. Ill natural produ.-l.oua, in lelig on, in aieinnf i-ducat on, iu . gialaiiou, an I m ill :onu l pol tic.il cdiuiiiiilrn I u t and ll ey eoi.t nued lo dill', r In ilirt ipci w! en Ihey toiuuiurily all ed lliMiwe.vr a bla.M liirnri)'nib unrol th Ibvotmion. The object olllnl war WnetodMnlhralili Uni led toleiura from fmeign iu . which hi d proved lo be onniea- ve, and lo ( p ilule Ih in permanenily ir 'in lb.' iiinther coi.ntry ; ihe political rceull wua: Hi fminda ion of f.ueial repul.l e ol ih li wh I men ol ihe cidiiiiira.coiMiinle.li Ihey were in di.iui'.l and reo pincully iudep. u lnl Ktai go' itnm nn. Aa lor ih iiiluct racea, wh lhr In .I or .fr cm. Ih wi- and hr.iv alaieenien of lliai i V, Ih-hid engiiord n no eili-iivanaol achem1 of aovhil chnge b-il lliein aalhrv en-, and Ihua iie.eiv l iheinarltM an l III. ir pent, riiy from th aiiaichy..nd Hiu vr r. currm e vil want, winen hiiv prevui ed iu olhcr revoluliouiud European cojiniea or Auieriea. When Hie imifrd. raled Slate found It eonven lent lo moilily Ih cou 'iltona of their anoi iaiion by giving Ihe iteuaral giiverunieni dir. cl (ccaa, m ionic le I ecu, lo Ihe poop f the !lta n u h tin V pio. eedtd to frame the eiialii g i-oiiMjlulion, a.lherii g a'end ly lo one guii ng ihoughl, which waa, lo del. g te only euch power aa waa nece.ry and piop.1 to the execution ol iec fic piirpo, or ill ntiier woidi, to retain a much t poanbia, cou aiaiviii ly w ill llioae pore, of lb ind.-pendenl pmera oftlie mdivtiiiial o a e. roioijecti oleoni in. 'll defeneonnd aeciirily ihey fnlrualrd to lh general gnvernmeiil certain eanfiilly def ned fine iiima, leuv.ug a I o'hera aa Hi uudelrgalid righia of Ihe n-purale niilepeiiili iitai.vaie gut . Hucli ia ih conai it ur ionul ihtory of our govern menl, ih prueiical ob-rvanc of which It at ear- red u, and ua nloue, among modern repuhl e, llirongli neuny Hire geiirulioiia or lime wiliiful Ih cot of on diop ol blood ihd iu civil war. Wuh fuedoiu and conci-rlol action, it haaenabied us lo contend riiccinefully nn llie bullle-llrldiigriinal tor. ign fo a, hua eli-vmed Ihe feeble cnlnnh- into powerful Hl:it, and baa raiee.l our ludn-trial pro- duelioiM, and our commerce' which Iraniporta ih' in, to ihe level of llie riche-l and the gnat eat iiutionoof Kurope. And th dm:mhlndaplaiion of our pntii-ciil inatllui ona to their olij.-cla, combi ning Incul H.f-i;oreruinenl whliiigcregnleaticiigth hiurealahliahed the praclicabtlily of government I ke our to cover a comment with confederate bl-itea. The Conpr, hi of llie I'niled Stale ia, in elpcl, Hint contrr. t nr aovcreiguliea, u In. h g.axl man in Ihe Old World have nought fur, but could nevi-r at tain, an I wh cli impuria to America, au exi nipt ion Horn lite iiiuiiidk- imguea lor common nclioii, from the war, llie mutual invuMon, and va-'U nauira- tiotit nflrr Ihe balnnce nf pouer, which convulne from time to time Ih giiveriinienla nf Europe. Our co-operative action raU In Ihe eondiliona of permanent coiilr.lei auun prescribed by tlieCouali tutinu. (iiir balance of power ia in th icparale rraerved right of th Slat,, nml llie r equal rep- rea. iir-.non in me ni naie. I nat mil ieudvul anv ereignty in every one of the Slate, with iiaieaeiv- tdruiliwol l.al aulf-govarnment antnred lo each by Ih. ir co-equal power in IhoNeuele, we the fun dantenlul cvndillon of th Coiutilulion. Wilhoul il Ihe t'niou would never h ive exinttd. However dceiroue the larger blale might be lo re-oiguuite Ihe government an n lo give to their population ila proportionate weight iu th common euum-cl. thev knew it w..e iinpot-ilile, iiul.u they cono.deil lo llie mailer on. a auilinrily lo eeicie alleaata iiegntivn lulliiene on all llie me aur.-a uf the aov eminent, wlielhei levislulive or r cut ve, through their equiil ripreeeutulion in tin Senate. Indeed. the lurger Slulra Ih, uiaelv.a could Hot have failed to iero. lve, llml the aiinic power Wu equally ueo efcury lo tin m, lor the aecunty of th. ir own dn. ! m'"Ue ' ,h" frc of Ihe genual government. In a word, the or giual tilatea neiu una una peiitiaiicnl league on llie ngreed r im.fa, of tierting their cmnion tienirth for ina nciem o, me iviioie, anil ol all ila pari; but of utleily excluding nil cupahilily of rec procal ag grrwion. K i.h oletnnly bound ileelf lo all the otliei, neither to undertake, nor permit, any n ooachtiii nt upon, or intermeddling wilh.auother'i re a. rved r ght. Where it was deemc.l expedient, particular r-K".. ui nironiw erera expn wty guarantied by Ilia f. nali.iuioii ( bul, in nil thing heaide, llime riginawere giuiaett by tli Itmital ou nf th pow n pruned, and by oxpreaa reservation f all kiw era nut gruuie.1, in the vnmpact of union Thro. Ihe o,rea .ower of lulalion waa lim. led to pur piieen of o. miuon defen e and eenerul w. .r..r. Bin. lug ohjoct. apperta n.iig to the 1)Cul legi. i,n "'Ifare aud comiiiou difenar w.-re ari.ru .,. I, -. ... ,v., .,,,r.; auu mo putponea of gen- J..il. 1 I r.. . . I '''"'ed by H.c-,fio e iieraliou. aa being maltera 011I) f coirlaliim bilwcen (he S'atw lhemrlvea or beineeu them a.i.l for. lgu government, which! leV e. 01 mrr coiiunun and general naiure I con u not oe leu lo ll. ep,,rule control ol .c, Cf Ih clrcnmian,e of li, eondilion. i.,. !-', ai d lijlita, in wh.ch a run on nr ,1... e.utilulingoi:f real eeclioo ol Ida I .,, I..v.....i I !""" llw ""' f' olion, ll, in. at ,' ""'" w" "he pecnl amy of laig. r nlaiive c iircrf iiA....tu,:..M ;.. .1.. ... .... ? 1 1 i 'a.Il .V , '"l",l,,"B '" "' soullwrM tTian in th 1-1-...... northern Stole. A popu a-iun of ihia clan, held in .iibieclion, ei.led 111 nearly .11 S,.lea. bul wo more uu nien.u. ,d f more ,,. cone.inm.nl in Ih 0i"h lIl"n ' Notlli, on acrnimt of n a. IWhicib ol" rJinmte nnd nrfwlnrr,.,,, j :. J ,",'re11 thttl: ior ,ht: r'aw'"1. wh.li th pop. ni'iiiu UIIIIIIIUIl. and. no..n..- ..si I-. . tvniil.1 .,.....1. ....i ... .. In ilal, inaoilieMiile. it n.,,.1,1 I,,.. :.. ... ........ u ..i, .uu, aooneritr alar ..... ,.,.......,. . , - .-- in iHiiera, IT"""" ",'er aiul magnitude of ih a. iuea. "V1 fih1"' ,h" in flat o. inly, u".' T '" T' c,"d " ' ' '' the -peelal MipulalmiHior the CoiMilulion. I'"K''' "! H"1""' lt'.r..,ue nt. a. well 'V "" " vn"i I"' K'tM'i to it, .. by "'" bM" 10 ,0Ul'h ''ter in the wna o " Pld under lb. gen.rS ecll.r l ef Ih. Union. cl, Tel. ii i V " every cilien of each Mai became ininl h....,,H hv k,. .,u le;:l7.ttJtfo:',i,u,T,l,,, mu, 1T.Jh """ St"'-."pi"lT into.uother, "'oul.1 n., , corwe.nM.iie, r .. i. J V'1'""1 P- ln.f th. , , ... .voHirvie or Lbr by the lawa of h,St,i,. 111 Iff I I h. ,t I a"j t. lhm, and ihua oiv, h. iha ki. i Hk- pan uf tBMir. Wa. IrHtuM.,.,.,. '.'nee. iSTCr1. ":.4"lk " , i.v ur r.ih. - - I to exbl. If "? -"Peel I po. tle .'h'af I knki.i i : . . . "-niif?iiai? "i-r taE.Tr ' ' ";l ' IM-.-.. -h Z ,rtjwa foMdi. fc- a - - - - ,,., or ih - . " . .. ,,..,, ... orueml miurv I . i.,f. f, nee bIWll 111 Mle. Of 0. r....l on th miit of uny on M im ni with coo.l iUtioii.il ohiigalioiia, ari- from . onvici.oii or hhnd u.e.idie, whellier ,,. i. A hv dneclun or mil irci.on. I il ia lull of lhi(4l and of d.mger 10 III. durability of Iho (,'uiuo. co.iTiTUTio.vr. RKLiTinm nf slavf.iiy. I'lncvd in i Ik- vt of t'lin-f Mii'.'iirt". ttilioKxtuli. lit nf llie wliuN-coiini'V. bouiij to l.ik wm 'lit tlw f"1'1'1 fully Mrciin d, hihI i.cially i njineil by tli CmiKtitiituiii lo f' inf..riiiatioli lo Cungrrwa On tile illlle of Union, it vouM be juiliiilil tif'li ct of duly uti my pnrt tj ,a-ioerii mlij.cl like tin, whicli, liryoml nil Unit!." at Hiu l.r.-ai-ni nine, viuiiiy wh ceiiw iitilivirliinl nml public security It U lrf. ii limner uf .Hinful re;ri-l loc Sii.le-,cini iciufor tli. irit ic-iiifiiiiiil iiij.' tlii. Ui'iiillic, nnd eiiially slmrinu; it ii.lv.n.tiiirr-. iliaierrnr'1 tliiir i-oiialituliolinl U'L'aiiitn to it. Altlionjr!i ciiiicioii of I ir inubility lo ln-nl mlniittml nml )iilj'Hlilc sucinl il of I In-ir ow n, mid Iticli nru com- .. t- ly within lliuir jiitiiulittion, thiy en jiijf.. in llifi oll'iiivf Hiid liniela under iiiliinir.ofri,foiiniiilH'dumi!.ticiiililutiins i.fiillur Snuw wholly (v-yrniJ l lifir control uii'l Hulltority. In tilt vuiu pur-nit nf einl, hy tin-in I'ltlirr-ly unutlaiiiiililc, and whkli tli.y nmy nut li-ally nttuitiii t coiiiui, tlii-y iril the rcry fiat'tic. of tlif Cnti tiiliuii, and nil llie cmintlfa boiiol'm which il lins coi.frrr.-d. . Wliilo tin ' oplo of llie Suiillierii S'iiU C'Hifiiio th.-ir ntl.Jiti'iii lo their own hAYim. imt preaiitnin nfliuiuu-ly teiiiilertiii-dtlle with tli" suciul ln-.litnli.itn of tlif Nor hern State, too tunny of lint inhnli iuiita nf the latter are i.-riiiiin. nlly orgun izod in asoi'iatioiis to ttiflici injury on th'1 former, ly wrongful act-, which would bft caiiHn of warn. IkIw.-iii f,.reij;n ow.-m, and only fuil to be .itch in our yU-in, b"cauat) porjictrated undercover ofthn Union. It i imjTiisihl( to pn-aetit tlii milijcct in 'ruth and 'lie occasion rcijuirc, witliu'it noticing tho rr itoruicil, hut rotindlcmi, nl legalioti, that ihe South ha poraiatcnlly n scrie'l claim, and obtained g'lviintitj'u in the prnetic.il Adininwirniinn of tho general Ciovrrninetit, to the pr. juilitv of tho North, and in which tho latter ha-t ac'iuiu'ci'd. Thai in, the States, which either promote or lulcrat" Rtlflcka on the riyltU of pernon and of propet ty in other Stiiie, to di.u'iiise their own injii-ticc, pretend or imagine, and c.'ti tliritly aver, that they, whiwe rotiatilution n riL'hu are thu syMeinaticnlly H-ad- d. are iliemselves the ngt,r,-orH. At the present time, thi imjm t.-.l ito;ri'saion, rpt; iiiji, us it does, only in the vagiti., d. el.-im.i tory chnrge of political iigiinior.a, r.-ioiln-s itelf into iiih-nppri.hi'niioti, nr miMut' rpru latiuh, of the pritiiMpli.it nnd fact nf the po lit'Cid orejaiiiztitioii of the new T.-rrit irics of the United States. VVhat is the voice of history f When the ordinance wh'ch provided fur the if.neni in.nl of the terrilnrv ii'irthw-at of the Rivor Olii'i, and for its eventual suh livisiun into new Slates, wan adopted in the Congress of l lie Confederation, it is not to bo miioh-iI that Iho question of future relative power, as between iho Sttit. s which reitinetl, nnd ihone which did not retain, " n nunierniia colored po( ul-ition, escaped notice, or failed lo be cunmileri'd. Ann yet the eonccaaion .f thai vast territory to the interest end opinions of llie North.-rn States A lerri lory now the seat of Hve amoirr thelarT .t memhors of the Union wa-, in ijr. nt iiihh sure, the act of the State of Virginia; and of tin-South. When Louisiana was acquired by the United States.it was an Rcqui-.ili.in not less to the North than to the South : fur, while it was important to the country nt the moulli uf the river Mississippi lo become the em porium of the country above it, so alo n was even more important to the whole Un ion to have that emporium ; nnd, although the new provinae, by reason of its iinper tout settlements, was mainly regarded as on the Gulf of M-sico, yet.in fact, it extend ed to ihe ipf,siie boundaries nf ihe United States, with far gr.-nttir breadth nl ive Ih.in lielow, and wua in territory, as in every- ining else, equally at least nn accession lo the Northern States. It is m.-re delusion and prejudice, therefore, to speak of Louisi- ana ns acquisition in the special intereit of 'lie iNilllli. The patriotic nnd just men who partici pated iu that act were influenced by motive far aliove all sectional jealousies. It was in ruth the great event which, by completing for n the possession of the valley of the Mississippi, with commercial access to the (ulf of Mexico, imparted uniiv and stremnh to the whole eonfedera'ion, nnd attached together by indissoluble ties the Kast nml the Wint, NH well as the North and the South.' A to Florida, that wn but the leniisf-e by Spain to the United S atea of terrilorv on the east side of the River Mississippi, in exchange f'r Inrir.. terihorv. which ih Liil'eU Mates Iransfi-rred to Snnin on ih. west side 0f that River, as the entire iliplo- ...u..v iiieiorv oi tne transaction ipr.. t.. demonstrate. .MnrenV,.r. ,i wa, ... ,-,.,: lion dcmanderl bv the eomim reinl ii.ieraia aim llie security of the wli'de Union. In the meantime the neonle of ili IT,.ii.i cimes nan cjrown up to a proper conscious ness of their strenlh, and in a brief con irHt with Prance, and iu a seevnd s..ri..i,. 11 . i - - - war wiih Great Rrlain, they had hak. n offl "ii nnrcn reniauieil or umlue reverence for hnrope, and merg- d from the ntmospher,. ofihie tran-atlantic itirtueiic.v which snr-round.-d Ihe infant Republic, and had begun to turn (heir attention to the full in, I svs- '"ll -Va III" Ufl II - malic development of the internal f of the Union. re sour- Among the etaneseent controversies of mai pen-vt, the rtuM cnspicuona 4u.non oi regn'atton hv ( ,.naM.a nf I. a ' -" ocial eonditi . ,f f;lln, ,,., . , luuiiupn in ha I Y Theo.din.nee for th. " ""ilorv n,.rthr.t .,f n-'ni, -. leoii,,; - .! :.'M0. "B,,n " "v"ii(vrurrrt p reiiiD.tea ll)e kit , .-. wi B Mill.' uu wui ; i ... I. .. - , .- , .:.:.. llU 'I a.-"" - - l,,...,...r ll... extradition ut f I,.ii...r llie, fXlrliliUull 01 l;r r . ...... ...... ..r ii. I fruiu ernc' uiitj i iw )'" i-' .. .'. ...I.l.n ...III ..fa.a'llll ll' 1 1 .1 ILf i 1 1 1 ' ' I I IU SCI ' ' l.". 1 ,ectiu of llie c..i'f delation J itiHl. when a second Slate, thai Of Missouri, lo be formed in the territo'y of LouNmna, . a i.roio-ilioti wn made Ui exit hd to 'In lat ter rril"ry the ccstrictioii originally uiiplieil to the country situated between the r.it-rs Ohio and .Miwissippi. ... Most rpJcstionatile wn l'n 'M o"'" in mII iu constitutional relutions, neverihc-h-e ll received the snnct'on of Congress, with some mtxlifieiition of tine, to save the existing rights of the intended new Sintes. ll was rclucianily ncquisci d in by Southern Statins a sacrilice to th" cause of peace and of the Union, not only of the rights stipulated by the trenty of Louisiana, but of iho principle of equality among iho S'ates guarantiid by the Constitution. It was received by life Northern Stales with amrry mid reseiil fill condeinnniion nnd comiduint, because it did not concede nil which they had exactinly demanded. Ila in? passed through the forma of legislation, it took its place iu the statute book, atnndin!.' open to reneal. like anv other net of doubtful consti tutionality, subject to be pronounced null mil void br ihe courts of law, nnd possess inn- no noas idle f'fficncv to control the) iiglit of the Slates, which mii'ht tln reaflor be or ganized out uf any part of llie original ter ritory of Loum inn. In nil ihi. if any acirression there were, any innovation upon preexisting right", lo winch portion of the Union tire tney justiy cliarL'table I ' This coutroversv passed sway with the occasion, nothing surviving it snvc the dor mant letter of the hi a' ule. Hut, lonif afterward, when, by the pro posed accession of the Republic of Texas, the United Slates were to take their next stetiiti territorinl ureal lies, a similar con tingency occurred, and became the oecision for systematized attempt to intervene In 'lie domestic allaira of one section ot the Union, in defiance of their rights as State, and of the stipulations of the Constitution. These attempis assumed a practical direc tion, in the shaiieof prrseterinir endeavors, by some of the reprrseutalives, in both houses of Conor.-!", to ricprive the Soil h. rii Stal.-e of the stippoaeri bi'netit of tu pro visions of I lie net authorizing the organi zation of the Slate of Missou'i. Hut, the gnod sense of the people, hud the vital force of the Constitution, triumi h- I o'er s.'cltoiiiil iirejildice. and the political emirs of the duv, mid the State of 'IVx'"- ietiirii-d lothe Un on as slio was, with so cial institution which her people had clp-o-n for themselves, ami with express agreement by ihe rd-aiiiiexinj eel, llntt she should In- susc plible of subdivision into a plurality of Stutes. Whatever advantage the interests of the Southern Suites, as such, gained by ihi- were Tar inh-ttoi in results, a they uufoUli il in the progress i f limn, to I hose which spiaiiir troin previous concessions tnuuc hv the Souih. To every ihotihlfiil friend of the Union. lotha true lovers of their country . t" all who longed and labored for lliu lu.l suc cess of this gr.a' experiment of rej.ublicaiij insuiuii'ns, ii was cause ot gralulalioli that such an opportunity had occurred to illustrate our ittUtiiU'ing Miwer on I hits cun tiui nt. and to furnish to, tho world addition al assurance of theelrength and stability of the ioiisiiiuuon. m lio would wish to see Florida still a European Country Who would rejoice to hail Texas us a lotie star, instead ot one in the galuxy of Slates Who does not iiipreciate the incalculabl. bciielits of the acquisition uf Louisiana .' Ana yet narrow views and sectional purpo sea would inevitably have excluded them all from the Union. l!ut another struggle on the same point ensued, when our victorious armies returned from Mexico, nnd il devolved on Congress to provide for the territories acquired hy ihe treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. 'Hie great relations ot ill" subject bad now become distinct nnd clear to the perception of the public mind, which appreciated the evils of sectional controversy upon tho question of the admission of new Suites. In that oa sis intense solicitude pervaded tho nation. Rut ihe patriolic impulses of the ponular heart, guided by the admonitory advico of I lie rather ot his Country, rose suuerior to all the difficulties of the incorporation of a new empire into ihe Union. In the coun sels of Congress thero was manifested ex treme unuigoniKin of opinion and action be iweeii soinu icprcsen'Hlives, vilio soU"l,t bi ll... .!... I : . .' a """ im uiicuiisiiiuiionai employ ment of the legislative powers of thu irov eminent, tn interfere in the condhion of the inclioate Mates, and to impose their own social incoru-s upon the hitler; and o her representative, who repelled the inlerposi ti"n of Ihe general government in this re spect, and maintained the self-constituting righis of tho States. In truth, the thing attempted waa, in form alone, action of ihe general government, while in reality il was the endeavor, by abuse of legislative power to force the ideas of internal policy, enter lamed in particular Slates, uriou allied imle pendent Stat.-s. Once more tho Constitu tion and the Uuiou triumphed sicnally. . . . e.reones were organ ij.-u without restriction on the disputed point, and were ihus ,.fi t0 i,,v j ,114t Wr,ieu,.r fi.. ,. selves ; ami the sense ..I e,ni.i,.i,...,..l e....i. proved vigorous enough in Con lrr.au. lint .---.... una, ,nn ll tmiy u accomplish ibis primary ulsO the iiieiil.-i.il ui.rl l.b-ll.. .one. oi an Htii..ii.iii.,. ,1. . . ' ' we extraU.tn.n nmi iiu ,". ' ' !' 'V1 FOver,,me,. V rom u "' legislation of SIIM Vain dev i declaualion regarding r .1.. ,.hor t n r.Mll. null "t'l ''""-" " ; ... .,...,, , rr.i'ui.llMI' ' " i I.'nitcd SMli. 8.iu.'.ii.Miuy i iy i' '.".... , 1,:. I'.ui i . tun' " .. ..t. I... n..,.Mtil ill mn. I llie lim iIOll L't'lllH'll i lu u l. in i - . "" "...I ... n. c-npy itiittvi v . ,.,;(.i,,p of I. in Htf . mil PHllf ini . erionrou I,, ri-mulll H A III i ' " " j . ' . ...I..... i.Z ..u n luu a nf li.lii.r IIC ,Hl IIDepc.. . w,rt MlMulllU-IV U t' TM-.l". I.. .... . " , .,,1,, ..... ...l,,.. HIH-, a . - I a a I ,ll..ill. .1 nil I lul l' III ll'l'lllflir l"V"" u uier .;...,; i i . r.tol.f'IOII HI 111'" cnuM.fi , ,, ,., ... - 1 . .. P .1. . I ..I ...a.lllllf 111 11 aL UTAH MI'IIIT 111 I Ii." ' I 7"T . t ,; ,.f fuo-iiivcHi is of law for the . x.rad.tn. .. f'-tf '"J i fro,,, scuc. 7J--1;. ; 1(1,,iu ,il.l.lO ab.UU.1 Ihe - -H .1 ' ) , ii. i"r " 'i ,1; i- Im, I ii, mm. d fast hold i iuduiiielit, lo ucli a Uegree, mm, .. w... in.,11 coii-ent, il was observed in Hie orgni.i tninm of the Territory of Wll-hlugloll. - When, more rec nil), it b- cam" reqiii.ite j to oruairze the Te rilorie of N'-bra-Kai . .T . . 1 I. ..rill. I and Kail ' ' . '"'" h -r i"Vr!',i T: "'ITlhr Willie preni i""1 I -- - - - l.n.U I... .ti ni.nlied If. Utah WiU ew Mexico. Hhotild U- Bi hlied lothein; that stiiinl exciuiil from the restrio- . V .. . i ... .1.. tlnlis p'OI msi'd in llie nci leiauio iw i Slide of Missouri. Thero resirictions were, in tlio estimation of many thoughtful men, null from iho Ikj ginnim.', uniiutliorizfd by the Constitution, cntrary lo the treaiy siipuliitions for tho cession of Louisiana, and inconsistent with the ( quality of the Stutes. They had been stripped of all moral nil thority, by persistent efibrlstli procure their indirect repeal through coiitradiciory t nnct imnts. They had bei-n practically abrogti led hy the legislation Attending the ortrani Mtion of Utah, New Mexico, and Wash ington. If nny vitality remained in them, it would have been taken nwny, in edict, by the new tenilorial acts, in tho form origi nally proposed lo the Senate nt the first ses sion of the hut Congress. It w is manly nnd ingeMMti. 'dras patriotic and just, to do this directly and t.lainly, and thus re Mem tin, Simula - book of an net, which might be of possible future injury, but ol no possible future bem tit; anil uie mens urn of ita repeal was the final consuinmo lion nnd comideto recognition of llie prin. cipl", that no portion of the United Stales hall undertake, throtioh assumption of the powers of the trenernl government, to die late the social institutions of nny other por tion. The scope and effect of the language of repeal were not left in 'ion l.t. It was uu clared. in terms, to be "ihe truo intent and meaning of this net not to legislate slavery into anv Territory or State, nor to rxclude it therefrom, but lo leave the people thereof perfectly freo In form and regulate llt' ir do mestic institution in their ow n way, sub ject ntt'y to th Constitution of the United Sintes." The m. iisire could not b.' withstood up on its meiita nloiie. It was attacked with violence, tin the f.-dse or d. lu-ive pretext, that il constituted a breach of faith- Never teas olij-elinn more utl.'ily destitute of sub. .laii'ial jiititieation. When. b.-f.r.', w as it rtiNoini-d by sensible men, that a regulative or di'cl.'inrivit stntnt'1, whether enacted ton or forty vara ago, is irrepeiiluhle, that tin net of Oi.iii'ress i tiliove the Constitution f If. indeed, ilieiv were in ihe ficl any cause lo itnpntp bad faith, it uoul I at'aith to those only wlul have n. ver ceas. d, fi-mn the lim" of 'ho enactment of the re-tii.tiee iirovis- ioti to llie pr. ini day, to denounce nnd to emeli mn il : who have constantly refused to co't'pl.-te it hy needful supplnmenlarv Inlinn : who have sraivd no exertion 'o dep'ivr-il nf moral f.,rc ; who lmve Uir iii- selves Dirmii and again attetiq d-d its repeal by the ennctni' lit of incompatible provis ions; and wlni, by the ininitubl - reaction ry elfectof their own violence on the sub ject, awakened the country to perception of the true constitutional principle, of leavim.' Hie matter involved to the discretion of llie people of 'he respective existing or ineipi tit Stales. Il is nut pretended ilmt this principle, or any other, precludes the possilr'li'y ofiv.U iu prncl'ce, di-lu'Defl as political net loll is liable lo be by Im turn passions.' No form of government i exempt from incoiiveni-r'ltc.-s ; but it: litis case they tire the result of the abuse, and not of tlm legitimate ex ercise, of ihe powers reserved or conferred in the organization of a Terrijory. They are nut to be charged to the great principle of popular sovereignty: on ihe contrary, ihey disappear before tho inlelligi-nce and patriotism of the people, exerting through the ballot box their peaceful nnd silent but iire.istiblu power. If the friends of the Constitution are to have another struggle, iis enemies could hot uieselit a more acceptable issue, than that of a Stale, whose constitution clearly embraces "a republican form of govern ment," being excluded from ihe Union be cause its domestic institutions may not in all respects comport tj18 jdnas of what a wise and exiiedient cntertniiu.il in .cm other State. Fresh from laiions of breach of faith aijainst others, men will commence the airitation of ihis new question with indubitable violmjon of nn esprcss compact between the independ ent sovereign powers f the United States o, u.t repuoilC ol l t-Xas, as well as of utuer aim equally solemn compacts, which assure the equality f all the Sta'cs. But, deplorable as would be such a vio lation of compact in itself, and in all its di rect consequences, that is ih0 very least of thfk mill. I... J ll'l . . l .. . npn "-'ctional arrita. ' .o.o.u.iu nave succeeded in fb-cingnn thi. ii-ur , can their pretensions fail to be mm by j nor pre.ensio,,,, VVj ot diff ' Counter ,l.l,e,I respectively to meet extremes with extremes 1 Ami if ,.i,h..ea. m . ,e carry its point, what ,', ,,at m ...... oi.v o.ssoMu,,,,, ,lf U(i( . new State, formed from .he. terrin.ry f J ' er. "I lltC-M'.T oppressed :. . 1 .1:. ....... I.... ,,..,!. , ril.t lulll III H" obj-cl. bu. tu.es ,l,e,.,srp,i..n uf , Z SZZ 1 J 'i V' less imporlan. i the olh. r Sa, i, h " "" ' nn . . m vi.e omce ol tne rnhibitioniiL provi,io,,,f .he l"t-oncoul,l ,,,.t stop .here T ! T '' Bcl.er of fustt.ve. fr.., eti..M d.xi,in. ,La .! f . ! " C'"1 :;,!,ct," t0 Prohibitory Liooor ttlicdufv ... . ' . . "v" r" oy L.aw ot the W nm J M ii . a i v- -j "irs. euiier n.iph,.M l . .e . . . v ii- nnv out th ats,.i it..i aW.,,.Ved n.inorttv. and Sn I of -he Su.es. j en ot each other t wo i Sc MA, K ! ng the rrovis-'coufodcrMiotss f n?'Ub,.T host,Ip and ' It'l nroessary to iieuk I hu plniiily of Spring of that sectional agl. m .IU prcvnllingi. sumo of tl,o8,.,e., I . ici(b(J , :. .t .. .i -.1.1.1. if i- I'OlislllUltonni, nii-i t.ov.., ".."v.vi.w ,u, list mid will end cnliiiiiitoUHly. It ia cither .union nnd civil war, or it ia mere angry, nimliss dietitruancu ol ptiuno place i.ublic'iind tiunquillity. I'isiiiiion ior wuau II I ... . :........ at f'n.tul lel.m .oil t..lt. tm. i' ... I r t m t III0 passiuilllie inj'-w, ... n..-. -n. h- siiii Hpiritdiil not force ihefnct upon our at Iciilioii, It would be ililllcnlt lo believe, that any considerable portion of tho people of this enlightened country could have so sur- ! . . ...,l i.ee.U f the relalicl. Miller, ll Ilietlis' ivc-t i iiiiiii.iw.i ..c.uuuii i A. S in l,o United Slates, as totally ihe twenty-five millions of Americans, to trample under Toot tne injunctions 01 moral I .. V.... I . .1. ft,nl !.tn fin, I t . llllO C''IISlIUllOH.II uniijj.i. , .....a .w .iu- gago iu plant of vindictive hostility against those whQ are associated with thcin in lh enjoyment of the common lierilago of our tiniional institution. , Nor is it hostility against tlu ir fulTow. citizen of one trction of tho Union alone. The interests, the honor, the duty, the peace, and the prosperity of tho p?oplo of all sec. lions are equally involved and imperiled ju litis question. And are patriolic men in any part of i Im Union jrepamdj-ii sued an is sue, thus madly lo .invite ulL the conse quences of Jho forfeiture of their eoBst'rtu tional ciignccmcntri I It is impossible. The storm of phrensy and faction must inevita bly dash iiself in vain against the unshaken rock of the Constitution.; I shall sever doubt it. I know ihatiho Union it tlmnger a thousand timet than all thu wild and chi merical schemes of social change, which are generated, ono nfler another, in the unstable minds of visionary sophist, and iuterosteil agitators. I rely confidently on ihe patri otism of the people, on the dignity and self-respect of the Sintes, on the wisdom of Congress, and above all, on the continued, gracious favor of Almighty Cod, to main tain, against all enemies, whether at home or abrond, the sanctity of the Constitution aud the integrity of the Union. FKANKLIN riEUCFa. Washington, December 31, 1856. ; : Male Hems. , Owing to continued sickness, Chief Jus tice Taney is not expected to lake hi sent on thu bench during the present terra of the Supreme C"iiri of the United States. . , Nicholas D -vereux, a prominent citizen, and one of tlm Mitutigors of the Slate Luna t'c Assylum, died at Utica, N. V., ou the 29'h Dec, nged fi" yeurs. .,, , .-.K , The death of lion. John M. Berrien; of (tcorgia, ia announced in the hews by the last mail. ; , , i , - t , We have Nebraska date to the 16th of lire. The Legislature met on the 18th. R. It. Kolsiin was elected President of tho. Council, and P. C. Sullivan Speaker of lli Uoi f. ; , :, ,, ,. ,. . t ; i - A delegation of Chippewa Indiar.-, from Minnesota, bus had a patient bearing before tie-Commissioner of Indian flairs relative to their grievancea, . . , , : va,-.i -.t ; Mr. ISanks, on ono or two occasions, ob tained precisely votes enough for the elec tion of a Speaker, but before the result could be announced, several gontlemcn who hail been sent for hurriedly entered tho Mouse, and cast their suflrages for another,, thus turning the scale. , t 1 The British ship Resolute, abandoned im the Arctic ice, was brought by Capt. Bud ingtnii into Ihe port of New London, Conn., on the gad of l),-c , with all her armaments, stores and equipments on board. : She is a new and haudsomo vessel, and worth $100, 001). When found ahe had drifted over 1,000 miles from the place where sho was abandoned. . ,n. J A collision look place on iho Ohio and Pennsylvania Railroad, Deo. 31st, by which four persons were killed and sixteen wounded. , ; '. Hon. Joseph B. Wells, of Chicago, i promitieut lawyer of Illinois, died in New York city Pec. 20th.' Tho Santa Fe mail had arrived at In dependence, but brought no news of im portance. The winter in New Mexico has been of unusual severity. The Indi ans on the plains were generally quiet and submissive. ' ; tW An interesting report on tho fcc' of the reciprocity iicaty between the Uaiied States and Canada, was made by the Uov J. Phillips Phenix, at a meeting of the New York Chamber of Commerce From- tbis. document it appears that the trade between. tho two countriet has quadrupled1 during, tho last three years, and it only exceeded br two countries, viz: England andi France. Its Talue ' "early equal to the commerce 0f tho latter. Tho renort m.. Congress to still farther extend the princi- i ' reciprocity treaty, by admitting otuer article of produce tn nee. M3T A copy of an Order m Council, dated flnH fHrt-l ffta tZ. r .chief, and all otbfr nerson. wl :. ' ' - - trriHtr nw wmm .-i. .H "r persont whom it mar tTi'' P2er,wd ,hrebJ ccorlingly. TB Ufcejc&tl OTlfM rf JW