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About Oregon City courier. (Oregon City, Or.) 1902-1919 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 17, 1905)
, k INDUSTRY. A Great and lncreas:ng CUY ELLIOTT "The crnpo la the poor man's fruit, es pecially one who has only a house lot of the smiillt'Ht possible dimensions. He can plant vinos besiile his cottage and their roots will extend and protltably occupy; every Inch of ((round underneath It and from that small space produce all the fruit his family can consume, while the vines afford shade and protection and add beauty to his little home, occupying no space either above or below the ground produciuB more fruit In less time and with less labor and attention than any thing that was ever planted." All of which is charming in truth unless the phylloxera or the downy mildew or the aphis or the dry rot be come appurtenances to vine, or the chickens or small boys of the neigh borhood steal all the grapes just os they are getting ripe. Chiclccns, however, should be kept In pens, and it every small boy's father had a grape vine which furnished "all the fruit his family could consume," there would be no incentive to pillage the neighbor's vines. As for the downy mildew and the other ailments to which civilized grape Seedess Grapes Irom One Vine Largest Grape Vine in the World, SantaBarbara California. 7 "-iiALt.ftv.: - i fines are liolr, horticultural investiga tions have shown that they can be com liatled wth comparative ease by spray ing, and rot not only prevented but the vine stimulated to even greater than normal production. As a matter of fact, the grape in dustry in the United States when con sidered both as a largo commercial preposition and as one where each man lias ills own vine, if not fig tree, is one of a tfroat deal of importance end of great interest. Count Their Age by Centuries. Although the product of its fruit Is accountable for much that is unseemly and frivolous, the vino is itself an ob ject of great age and dignity. It is not known how old tlio grape will grow in America, slnco we have not been here long enough to make the tost, even had a vino been planted with the landing of Columbus. Pliny mentions an Old World grape vino COO years of age. Somo entire vineyards in Italy held rood for 300 years and others in Bur gundy produced for 400 years and more. VACKINU CONVOKI) CIUAPK3, LAKE Kl'.LUA, NKW YOU lv. These wore cultivated vines. Doubt less nntivo vines grow to much great er ages. The vltlotiUtirist of tho Department of Agriculture, tleorgo C. llustuaim, states that he has never seen a vine among the endless number of natives abounding In our forests that has die 1 from tho effects of age. Some old grape vines grow to immense size. There is a wild grape vine on the shores of Mo bile Hay under which Andrew Jackson twice pitched his tent in his cam paigns against tho Seminoles, which hns a circumference of over six feet, with a supposed ago of about 100 years. The Size of a Great Tree. Tho largest known grape vino in tho world was planted in California in 1S-12. It has made a phenomenal growth, ltenealh its spreading brunches, which cover nearly half an acre, S00 persons can find protection from the sun's heat. It bears from six to ten tons of grapes for a crop and tho cir cumferenco of its trunk is eight feet. Whilo tho wine industry is by far the most important feature of grape grow ing, enormous quantities of table grapes are raised and by means of im proved transportation facilities scut to all parts of tho country. Tho Con cords, the Delaware and the Niagaras come from the Ncrtb, the Scuppernongs from the South and tho Flame Tokays and other sugary raisin grapes from the Pacific coast. The last census reported 12 States having in hearing over 2,000.000 vines each, California being first with 90. S00.000 vines, Ne5? York second with 1 THE AMERICAN GRAPE nffim, Branch of Horticulture. MITCHELL. 30,000,000, Ohio third with 14,000,000 and Kansas. Michigan, Pennsylvania, Missouri, Oklahoma, Illinois, Indiana, Georgia and Iowa with 5,000,000 or less each. California alone had a quarter of a million acres in vineyards with an annual production of 30,000,000 gallons of wine. The investment represented in that State alone is estimated at $85, 000,000. Wine Tank as Big as a House. The writer once climbed to the top of a single cask at Fresno, California, which contained 96,000 gallons of port wine. There are hundreds or casks throughout the State with a capacity of 50,000 gallons each. The annual raisin production of California amounts to about 90,000,000 pounds, while about 25,000,000 pounds of these raisin grapes are shipped East every year as table grapes. Last year the Chautauqua district in New York produced 600,000 gallons of unfermented grape juice. These figures give some idea of our grape Industry, which, while it is only about 50 years old, is small as com pared to that of the world whose an nual production is over 4,000,000,000 gallons of wine. Other prdducta of the grape are rais ins an enormous industry In itself brandy, vinegar, grape pyrup, a very superior article, and various pickles, jellies and preserves. The grape furnishes also important by-products. Feed and fertilizer are produced from the ponaee, also acetic acid. The seeds are separated from the pomace and fed to stock the same as grain. Ground up, they are used as a substitute for coffee. A high grade oil similar to olive oil is also produced from the seeds, which, among other things, make superior soap. They also yield tannin. Mr. Htismann estimates that If all the wastes of the grape crop were utilized extra returns would increase its value fully 10 per cent., which, with our pres ent grape production to the value of ahcut $15,000,000, would mean an ad ditional earning of a million and a half, and this with our viticultural industry as yet in its infancy. Feeding Olco lo he Xary, Considerable of a sensation has de veloped over the furnishing to League Island navy yard. Philadelphia, of but ter which analysis has proven to bo simply oleomargarine colored with coal tar dye. Samples were taken from tho government receiving ship Lancaster, several battle ships and cruisers and from the hospitals of tho navy yard by agents of the Pennsylvania Dairy an.1, Food Commission. Dr. Warren, the State Commissioner, declared them to be specimens of coal tar oleo and after considerable controversy, at the in stanco of President Roosevelt, they wero finally submitted to Dr. Wiley, the chief chemist of tho Department of Ag riculture, who in a full report has sus tained Dr. Warren's findings. Secre tary Wilson has referred the report to the President, who has, it is stated, called the attention of the Department of Justice to the matter. Several ar rests have already been made. In speaking, however, of the substi tution of oleomargarine for butter in tho market, Dr. Wiley said that at pres ent the amount of oleomargarine sold in this country whether fraudulently as butter or when marked as oleo is quite small. The government hns ren dered tlie making and sale of tho stuff unprofitable by levying 10 cents a pound on all that is artificially colored, aud half a cent on the uncolored. Foreifirners Refuse Colored Butters. "Coal tar dyes," said Dr. Wiley, "are not fatally harmful, though by no means wholesome, and dairymen are permitted under tho law to use such coloring matter to imnart to their but ter a rich yellow color. To render this unnecessary, the Department of Agri culture is now trying to educate the popular taste in favor of uncolored but ter, anil we are iii.il; inir some he.idwav. Over in Europe one never encounters colored butter in any of tho hotels or first class markets. The people there have learned to distrust it. Wo are coming to this in the United States. To day first-class hotels and fancy gro ceries will not buy butter that has n high color. Our epicures and those that live well are also fighting shy of it, aud as a result the dairymen are be ginning to realize that the bottle of coal tar dye Is no longer a necessary adjunct to a successful dairy." John Adams was the author of the motto, "E 1'lurlbus Uuuin." Increasing Wealth in the Wesl. In commenting on the need whiih. has hitherto manifested itself In tne West for calling upon Eastern money centers for funds with which to move Western crops, a iNew York financial letter states that with conditions as they were ten years ago, the present record-breaking crop would have strained the capacity of the New York financial centers to the utmost to fur nish sufficient iunds. So greatly, how ever, has the wealth of the West in creased and so large are the surplus reserves of the farmers that even with crops so stupendous as to amaze Eu rope, New York financiers have been hardly inconvenienced by the demands for funds. In a not distant future it is predicted the West of the Mississippi Valley and of the Missouri Valley as well will be found exclusively lending SCUPPERNONG WINERY, NORTH CAROLINA. or advancing money with which' to move tho crops that are grown in the remoter regions of the Southwest or the distant Northwest. No expert can estimate accurately the gains that will come this year to the farmers, the surplus that will be-left for them after paying expenses, which represents their profits. Some of the most experienced experts have venturod to estimate that the farmers of the United States this year as a whole will find themselves to the good by not less than $300,000,000, and possibly $100, 000,000. These are the gains as well as those which the great transportation companies expect to receive for carry ing tho agricultural products from the harvest fields to the market to which Mr. Vanderlip referred in his address to the National Bankers Association at Washington. The United States as a whole ought to be richer by reason of the year's industry, agricultural and manufacturing and transportation, by an amount considerably in excess of a thousand millions. GASOLINE POWER ENGINES. Constitutes Great Saving In Horse and Man Power -Have Come Into General Use on Many Prosperous Farms and Homes. Inexpensive, reliable power on the farm and around the home is becom ing more and more desirable these days when unskilled labor is so high and hard to procure. Gasoline engines, which when started practically take care of themselves, are rapidly sup planting steam engines and horse pow er, the operation of which requires con stant attention. The difference in the cost of operating and the advantage of starting at a moment's notice has ad vanced the popularity of gasoline en gines where comparatively small power is required in contrast with other power devices. A few years ago we heard but little about gasoline engines for use on the farms, while to-day we find many of them on up-to-date farms and small business plants. This growing inter est has been brought about largely through the improvements that have A GRAPE BY-PRODUCT FACTORY. been made by manufacturers during late years in simplifying the working parts of the engines so that the aver age man can operate them with the ease of an expert. As a matter of fact, a bright boy can handle a modern gas oline engine with but little teaching. Take the farmer who has never seen a gasoline engine and let him start and stop one a few times and study some of the principles of operating it and in a few days he will become as familiar with its workings as he would with a team of horses or a tread-mill. The general usefulness of a machine of this sort on a farm is apparent. There is ensilage to cut, wood to saw, feed to grind, corn to shell, water to pump, in fact a multitude of things that can be done with a gasoline en gine at small expense. $ ft? - iwrs ci til 1 i ',,. i loops' ss " v yj2 S" DAGGERS OF CHICKENS AS GARDENERS. Can Be Taught to Pull Weeds and Harvest Grain. "I see as how a scientific perfesser has trained a yaller dorg to count ten an' answer fool questions," said the hired man to the tourist "Wy that ain't nothin.' I knows an old feller back yore in th' Valley what beats that all to flinders. Began raisin' chickens when he was a boy. I seen some bantams he had no biggern' fleas an' game birds what c'd step over a six-foot fence. But that ain't nothin'. Last time I was down 't his place he had a hunderd-acre farm an 'bout ten thousand chickens, an' was raisin' truck for early northern markets. Towerful big chickens they was, an' he luid 'em trained so's they'd work his farm for him. They wasn't a weed nur a blade o' grass in that whole farm 'ccp'n in the pastures. An' bugs? wy they cudu't a tater bug, nur a cut worm, nur even a cabbage flea get a foot inside o' that farm afore a chicken had 'im. An' that wasn't all. Them chickens c'd see at night. Guess he must a' crossed 'em with owls. Anyways, ho never worried none botit early frost. If 'twas cold in the spring them chickens was out all night coverin' up tomatoes an' beans an' ev'ythin' tender. Jest squat over the plants with their wings spread out an' sot there till sun up He had tomatoes three weeks ahead o' any body else. An' that wasn't all. When he planted his beets en turnips en passnips he sowed 'em powerful thick an' as soon as they'd get up 'bout right size thera chickens come along m thin 'em out jest right Fine eatin' for 'em, too. An' 'tween times they was going up an down the rows all day long scratchin' up the dirt an' kcepin' ev'ythin' cultivated jest par fect. Wy that feller never had a hoe in his ban from one year end to an other. An' lay! Gee whiz! Them hens was the stiddiest layers I ever see. But they didn't use no nests. Jest laid iu reg'lar egg cratea. An' fast as one layer was full the hens in charge o' the layin' house 'd grab tip a new frame an' drop It in the crate. I see 'em fill sixty-odd crates o eggs In one forenoon. "But that ain't nothin' Them hens was so big an' powerful they c'd do almost as much as a hired man. I see a wagon full o' seed wheat come along past his house. An' there was a little hole in the wagon an' the wheat was a runnin' out all alonjr the road Well, sir, that feller jest drove 'bout five hundred chickens out in the road and put down a lot o' sacks an' thev went to pickin' up that seed wheat taster'n you er I c d pick up tators. They gethered up 'bout forty bushel. In the sacks? Wy of course They was thee roosters a holdin' each sack, an' when a sack was full they'd whip a tie 'roun the neck, set it up agin the fence nn' grab up another. They was sich big powerful chickens, you know. An' that wasn't nil nei ther. He had some whoppiu' big roosters, im' he Sharpened up their spurs m tne ran an' had 'em cuttiu corn betrer'n you or I c'd with a corn- knife, an' stackln' it up jest ns reg- lar. nut shucks! that wasn't nothin'. Wy I see that felller " But as he looked around the tourist naa nea m norror. Chinese " Cash." Consular reports from China are to the effect that the prospect of a re form or ratner revolution in the money system of that Empire is not very bright, In spite of the promises to that end which have been made. There are a number of influential elements pre venting the change which nations do ing business in China have asked, among others the bankers who profit by the great variations in values of the same kind of coins in different cities as well as the provincial oiiiciais who mint them. The money of the people Is still brass and copper, and to Introduce a new system will be diffi cult owing to tho dread on the part of the public of anything; new. Gold and silver may continue to control the price paid for exports, but copper ami brass will for a long time govern pro duction. TUB NIGIiT. OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOfJOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOC I NO OTHER WAGONS APPROACH In Ferfect Adaptability 1 The Strong . iituih imp .i i urn" 2 Pl lililL - - 8 Q - MANUFACTURED BY Kentucky Wagon Manufacturing Co. LOUISVIUE, ky. 8 8 LARGEST PRODUCERS OF FARM WAGONS IN THE WORLD OQOGOOOOOOQOQOOOOOOOOOOQQ coooooooooooooooooooooooo Elrk's AMERICAN CROWN SOAP 's a green soap, consistency of paste, a perfect cleanser for automobile machinery and all vehicles; will not injure the most highly polished surface. Made from pure vegetable oils. If your dealer does not carry American Crown Soap in stock, send us his name and address and we will see that your wants are supplied. Put up in 1214 25 and 50 lb palls. James S. Kirk & Company CHICAGO, ILL. BOOKS BOOKS We have published some pood ones ipee ially suited for farmers. Books that will help every farmer to make more out of bis farm Write for our catalogue. WEBB PUBLISHING CO., St. 1'aul Minn. Well Drilling Machines Over 70 sizes and styles for drilline either deep or shallow wells in any kind or sou or rock. Mounted on wheels or sills. With engines or horse powers. Strong, simple and durable. Any me- chanic can operate thera easily. SEND FOR CATALOGUE WILLIAM BROS., Ithaca, N. Y. Repeaters ara the oricinal solid top and side ejectors. This feature forms a solid Bliield of metal between the shooter's head and the cartridge at all times, throws the empties away from him instead oi into hit face, prevents imoke and gases from entering' his eyes and lungs, and keeps the line of si lit unobstructed. The MAKLIN action works easily and smoothly, malunf? very little noise. Our new automatic recoil-oper-atincr locking device makes the Marlin the safest breech-loadingr gun ever built. 120- fape catalogue, 300 il ustrations, cover in nine colors, mailed for three stamps. The Marlin Fire Arm-Co. New Haven, Conn. CDe Iftissoula Producers of Northern grown varieties for planting in Every Variety of Thoroughly tested Apples, Pears, Plums, Cherries and Trees Ornamental, Small Fruit Plants, Shrubs, Vines and Roses. J THE EVERBEARING STRAWBERRY A SPECIALTY OP FLOWERING PLANTS AND SHRUBS- Cut Flowers and Floral Designs. Also Vegetable Plants shipped by express. Catalogue and Price List Free, Mail orders have prompt attention. ji MISSOULA NURSERY CO. MISSOULA, Under all Conditions to Old Hickory 9 r iQLrter of C e ntury of unfailing service T - proves tha ABSOLUTE RELIABILITY of the TyVEWRITEH WYCKOFP. SEAM ANS & BENEDICT t7 SHOADWAY. NIW TOR Sandwich SELF FEED FULL CIRCLE TWO HORSE HAY PRESS Tho Baler for speed. Bales 12 to 18 tons a day. Has 40 inch feed hole. Adapted to bank barn work. Stands up to its work no digging holes for wheels. Self" feed Attachment increases cap acity, lessens labor, makes better balea and does not increase draft. ... Scad for Catalogue SANDWICH MFG. CO., 124 Main Street, Sandwich, 111 SILOS Pine, Fir, Cypress and Yellow Pine. i Write for Catalogue. Eagle Tank Go., 281 N. Green St., Chicago, 111. IF YOU WANT A JACK Send for niir T.H'U rntnlnnm Qm trt tain the description of exactly what you want Hydraulic Jacks our Specialty Watsoii-Stillman Co., 40 Dey St., N. Y. City. rserpi acclimated trees and the best Northern States. Standard Fruit 5 MONTANA. 5 Remington H.