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About The Willamina times. (Willamina, Yamhill County, Oregon) 1909-1972 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 21, 1930)
Thiiraduy, A urum I 21. 1930 THE TIMES, WILLAMINA Page 3 POULTRY Beef Grading and DM UUVE • FACTS • Stamping Service STOCKES POULTRY REQUIRE MINERALS IN FEED Activities Extended to Sev eral Large Slaughter Ohio Specialist Says They ing Centers. Serve Only One Function. (Pr»o*rad kt lh» Uau«d states Dsaerimsot Minerals arc as essential In the poultry ration us proteins, or carlm- hydrates, o. any of the vitamins, but they will only serve the functions for which nature Intended them and will not take the place of any of the other necessary parts of the rstlon. Dr. It. U Bethke of the Ohio agricultural •xiierluicnl station, told a farm and home week audience at Cornell uni versity. , Doctor Bethke said that mineral feeding may be overdone, and that the poultry men should use discretion and common sense In making up their poultry ration. He warned poultry men not to take stock In the claims of mi leanion Hint minerals would take the phice of such things sa vitamins or meat scrap In their ration. Although the different minerals showed different degrees of avallalilt- tty In the chemistry laboratory they did not show differences In the growth of the chicks. Doctor Bethke sold. Egg shell forms!Ion seems to be beet when the minerals are fed In the rar- bornite form, he stated. Doctor Bethke seriously questioned whether there Is any difference tn the results produced from feeding so called "organic" or "Inorganic" mln- ends. He says that the question of whether they are "organic" or "In organic" depend» on the Individual point of view. Too little mineral matter In the ra tion results In leg weakliest or riili- eta In the growing chick which can not be .vercome by cod liver oil or sunlight. Meet scrap and milk contain large quantities of calcium and phosphor ous so when these are Included In the ration the supply of minerals from other sources need not be as great as when most of the rstlon is made up of grains. Doctor Bethke said that grain and protein supplements con- tsln enough of the essential mineral elements, except calcium and phos phorous, so that they need not tie provided for separately In toe ben's ration. Red Mites Lower Egg Output During Summer (let after the red mites in the hen house now before they cause a drop In egg production. Before the poultry mites become too numerous Is the time to treat the roosts and other parts of the house, sdvises Miss Cora Cooke, extension i*>ultry specialist. Univer sity farm, St Paul. Minn. Hot weather Is most favorable to the reproduction of the mites and they multiply very rapidly, soon causing n falling off In egg production. Miss Cooke says. These mites are much more harm ful than the lice which live on the body of the hen all the time. The mite Is a small, spider-like creature which lives during the day In cracks and crevices about the perches and nests and comes out at night to feed on the blood of the fowls. of Aarleultur«. I Expansion of its beef grading and stamping activities to provide service st several additional slaughtering con tars, has been announced by the bu reuu of agricultural economics. United Htatee Department of Agriculture These centers Include Buffalo, Erie. Cleveland, Detroit, end HL Louis Ex perienced beef graders will be ata tioned in the five cities, to grade and stamp carcasses snd wholesale cuts of beef tor slaughterers at a nominal charge Invent Stamping Devices. The federal beef grading and stamp Ing service was inaugurated at a few slaughtering centers in May. 1927. tn response to s widespread demand tot a grading service to indicate the qua) Ity m beef tn a way that would be comprehensible to tbn consumer. Holl er stamping devices were Invented thst made It |>oMlbls to display the federal grade label on each cut of beet. The label Informa the consume” that the steak or other cut was designated by the federal grader aa 0. 8. Prime. U 8. Choice. U. H Good, or U. 8. Ms dium. depending on its quality. Requests for Service. Tt>e popularity of thia government grading and atamplng produced a vol ume of requests for the service from all branebee of the meat Industry, In eluding slaughterers, wholesalers, re- tsll meat dealers, hotel supply houses and s<-orea of hotels or restaurants In all parts of the country. The service was made available at Boston. New York, Philadelphia. Washington. Chi cago, Kansas City. Topeka and Omaha The department received requests for further expansion to additional cen tern, and It Is In response to these re quests that the July 1 additions are being made. Aa evidence of the Increasing de mnnd for government graded and stamped beef, the bureau cites that Prevent Occurrence of Goiter in Lamb Flock Prevent the oo-urrence of goiter In lambs by feeding the breeding ewes one or two graine dully of either pot assium Iodide or sorilum Iodide, sc cording to a statement by animal hue bandry specialists at Michigan State college. The chemical can be fed to the ewes by mixing It with grain or It can be dissolved and poured over salt which la fed to the sheep. Another method of administering the medicines is to mix one ounce of it with 25 pounds of salt and 25 pounds of steamed bone meal. Care must be taken in mixing the chemical with the salt aud bone meal to get nn even distribution of the Iodide, ft Is best not to make up too large a quantity of the mixture at oue time. Danger in Green Com Feeding green corn to chickens mny cause trouble and the farmer will do well to proceed with caution In Intro ducing green corn In the ration. To overdo, the green corn may set up di gestive disorders, and diarrhea always results In a setback. This does not mean that new corn should not be used. it will he advisable to start In grad ually and Increase the amount fed ns long as the hens appear to be free from digestive disorders. Complicated Ration Is Not Needed for Chicks Rations for young chicks need not bu complicated as long as the easen tlala for good growth and health art present In the feed. The poultrymao can make use of the natural feeds, particularly yellow corn and wtiesL to good advantage By adding minerals and animal protein to these feeds and allowing the chicks to have access to green feed snd to be outdoors In direct sunlight the flock owner should be able to keep his chicks free from no tritlonal troubles. Chicks fed on white corn snd kep» on bare yards ere likely to develop s nutritional trouble which resembles roup. Sore eyes blindness and a pale, unthrifty condition ere cberacteristlr symptoms of the disease. If rapid growth and early maturity of pullets ' la expected, a complete ration should I be kept before them throughout the summer. Methods of feeding should not be overlooked, for they may be quite as Important as proper rations. Few people realize, for Instance, the dan ger of disease Infection and parasitic Infestation when chickens are allowed to pick up grain from bare ground contaminated with droppings. Feeding Fowls for Egg Production Important Feeding the flock for egg production Is an Important part of the manage ment of poultry. A laying mash com- posed of KM) pounds each of wheat bran, wheat middlings, ground oats corn meal, «nd meat scrap is sug gested. If it Is desired co Increase the consumption of mash s quantity equal to what the birds will clean up quickly may be fed at noon, mixing the dry mash to a crumbly conalatency with skim milk. Scratch grain to be fed with this mash consists of 1<M) pounds each of wheaL cracket corn and heavy oats. The quantity of grain to feed for 100 hens will be about four pounds In the morning and eight pjunds at night. Sheltering Machinery Most Profitable Plan The actum monetary i»»sa in depre elation oi farm machinery left un boused through all sorts of wenther Is only one form ot loss the owner of the machinery suffers, says J. C. Wooley, chairman of the deimrtment of agricultural engineering of the Mio oouri College of Agriculture. In fact, the loss from a poor quality of work loss of time when time Is valuable, loss of cropa and the loss of energy and temper which results from s struggle with a rust-laden machine is often a greater factor than the mone tary loss In depreciation of machine. Sugar-Beet Growers Profit by Research Made by . - Government ---------- »- -- Application of Fertilizer In Geese Should Be Mated creases Value of Crop. in Fall if Possible F*r<»m one to four geese to one gun der la the range In mating geese. Some ganders refuse to take more than one mate and will remain so mnted for life; others will accept two or more if they have no other mates. Two ganders might or might not be enough for eight geese, depending on the temperament of the individuals selected. Geese should he mated In the fall If possible. Often they will refuse to accept new mates for months after being Introduced. Bather than chance that huy eggs for hatching and thus get the pure-bred birds at one stroke. If you do not care to hatch goslings before April or May, buying ganders at this time might prove satisfactory. It nil depends on how the birds take to their new surroundings. there was un Increuse of 62 per cent In the quantities of beef graded and stamped during the past flve months ns compared with the same period a year ago. (Prsparvd bv th» Unlt»d Statas Dapartmaat of Asrlcultvra.) Application of phosphatic fertilizers to sugar beet Helds baa increased the annua' value of the crop by millions of dollars, members of the National Fertilizer association were told recent ly by Oswald Schreiner, chief of the division of soil fertility of the United States Department of Agriculture. Comparatively, this Is a new prac tice. and it was Introduced Into the principal beet-growing states following soli fertility experiments carried on In Colorado and Nebraska by the depart ment. Since It became evident to the west ern sugnr-beet growers that the appli cation of comparatively small amounts of phosphatlc fertilizers would enable them to Increase their yields of beets by an average of three tons an acre and thus Increase their income by ap proximately 118 an acre, the quantity has Increased steadily until it Is now estimated that phosphates are applied to from 200.000 to 800.000 acres an nually. With an Increase of three tons to the acre, valued at $7 per ton. the value of thia years' crop will be increas-d by about 15.000.000 over what ft would have been without the use of fertilizers, said Doctor Schrei ner. who estimated the coat of fer- Hllzer nt approximately 1700.000. Doctor Schreiner cited the discov ery and demonstration bv department VALUE OF GRAIN SILAGE FOR BABY FEED IS SHOWN BEEF FEED FAILS Figures Prove That Good Not Profitable Where Yield of Com Is Low. Rations Make Best Return. G. W. Tallby, Jr, of the New York State Agricultural college, presents records from dairy herd improvement associations whlcb show that liberal feeding of grain to good cows gives the dairyman good returns io summer and fall as well as during the winter. The figures prove that the average yield of milk for dairy cows in New York Is 5.500 pounds of milk. In one group of cows with leas than the av erage production, or only 5,261 pounds of milk, each cow was fed an average 820 worth of grain and 835 worth of hay, silage, and pasture, or 855 in all for feed. The average value of the cows' milk in this group was 8146, or 801 more than all costa of feed. In a group of cows with the average production of 5,500 pounds of milk, the value of the milk was 8166. The t< tai feed cost was 871, made up of 830 for grain and 841 for roughage, and the net return was 895. A group which produced, on an av erage, 7,771 pounds of milk and fed 850 worth of grain and 844 worth of roughage, produced a gross return of 8213 against a feed cost of 894, or a net return of 8119. Similarly, two other groups, producing about twice the state average in pounds of milk, or 10.254 pounds and 11.937 pounds respectively, were fed 885 and 899 worth of grain, and 842 and 846 worth of roughage, with total feed costs of 8127 and 8145 as compared with milk values 8280 and 8339 each, and net returns of 8153 and 8194. In other words, Mr. Tallby points out, the more grain, the more milk, and the greater the money return. From this he deduces that it pays, and pays well, to keep efficient cows and to feed them liberally on grain. A large allowance of grain keeps the | cows in good condition and makes them enter the winter season in good condition to supply the milk needed to hold the milk market when it will bring Its best returns. Chop Hay With Ensilage Cutter to Save Waste Many dairy and live stock farmers have found by practical experience that chopping hay with an ensilage cutter not only saves a considerable amount of the bay from being wasted, but also helps towards getting more feed value out of that consumed, due to being more easily mixed with other feeds. Practical tests with dairy herds show that two tons of chopped hay gave almost as much returns as three tons fed long. Often the hay is chopped just as it comes from the field and the chopped feed is blown directly into the mow. About the same amount of curing Is necessary whether mowed tn the chopped or whole form. This has the additional advantage that the day's use of the ensilage cutter is dou bled or trebled and thus Its cost per hour brought down for the silo filling. Cutting Down Cow Feed Lowers Yield of Milk Trying to make a dairy herd profit able by cutting down on the amount of feed or by not supplying the amount of protein that is required for economical milk production is up-hill work. In fact, it cannot be done. Cut ting down the protein supply below actual requirements Is a good deal like trying to make a roadbed by put ting half ns much cement in the con crete mixture as Is actually required for good results. In one case It re While the danger that cattle may sults In low milk production and little contract tuberculosis from hogs Is not , or no profit above feed cost, and In the other, In a worthless road which so great aa It Is that bogs may con tract the disease from cattle. It Is represents a complete loss not only of possible that cattle will contract the ; the material used, but also of the disease from hogs and when both are labor employed In producing and lay in the same pasture It is very likely ing the defective concrete. that cattle will contract the disease, provided, of course, the hogs have the disease. Cattle will generally refuse to eat Let us now sum up the economics the manure voided by hogs, while hogs will very readily eat the manure of permanent pastures: There is a voided by cattie, and on this account great saving of labor, since no culti vation is necessary and the live stock it is more likely that hogs will con tract the disease from cattle than it harvest the crop. A highly digestible Is thut cattle will contract It from protein is produced on the farm at a very low cost from cheap nitrogen hogs. carriers easily and cheaply carried, rather than having to buy high-priced concentrates, l-and not well suited for cultivation can be used. The acre age cultivated Is reduced, cereal pro duction Is curtailed, and markets are in agriculture, aa in other Indus strengthened by lack of over-produc tries, the margin of proflt on each tion. More live stock cun be supixirt- unit produced may narrow as volume ed to the acre, more milk and meat Increases, yet not adversely affect the can be produced a head. Every acre is made to do its best. total income. specialists of the remarkable response of western sugar beet soils to phos phatlc fertilizers as one of numerous examples in which the research work of the department has been of great practical benefit to farming regions of the United States. Cattle May Contract Tuberculosis From Hogs I Corn silage is not a profitable feed for fattening baby beef calves under northwestern Minnesota conditions, according the trials conducted at the northwest experiment station of the University of Minnesota at Crookston. The reason given is the low yield of corn silage obtainable in the northern part of the state, for it has been dem onstrated that silage feeding Is profit able in the corn belt where yields are normally high. Calves fed a ration of ground bar ley, linseed oil meal and alfalfa hay made greater dally gains as well aa cheaper gains, and were valued at 15 cents per hundredweight higher than calves fed the same ration plus corn silage. The feeding periol was 196 days, lasting from November 27 to June 11. All of the calves were pur chased at the same price. The margin per head over feed cost for the calves fed silage was 82237, while for those fed the same ration without silage it was 827.7L In these name trials, but with differ ent lots of calves. It was learned that ground barley alone is more efficient than a mixture of ground barley and ground oat a It was also shown that feeding ground oats during the first half of the fattening period and ground barley the last half is not as satisfactory as feeding ground barley throughout. It was concluded that the advisabil ity of adding ground oats to a ration of ground barley, linseed oil meal, al falfa hay and corn silage would de pend upon the relative prices of oats and barley. At the values used in this trial, 38 cents for oats and 52 cents for barley, the addition of oats did not prove profitable. Vaccination Tests at Experiment Stations Vaccination tests at Ames, Kansas, and other experiment stations, indi cate that pigs even a few days old can be Immunized against cholera In a high percentage of cases and with pigs approaching weaning (seven to nine weeks old) immunity is as certain as with old hogs. The explanation offered by careful observers of this apparent variation between experiments and practice gen erally binges on this fact: Pigs up to six or eight weeks of age have tender, pliable skin and soft flesh. With ordi nary vaccinating practice, where rapid handling and treatment is commonly the rule. It is probable that among certain Individual pigs there is more or less leakage of serum from the bole through which it was injected. If this is true, it does offer a reasonable ami plausible explanation why vaccination is uncertain with young pigs. This fault or error should not apply to pigs eight weeks old or older especially when the Job is carefully done—with speed not the dominating thought while the job is being done. It ap pears to be sound policy to vaccinate pigs when the younger ones reach two months of age. Clover in Stubble Is Cleanest Hog Pasture Clover in wheat and oat stubble is usually the cleanest pasture on tbe farm. This Is a good place to put your pigs. The sanitation program is spoiled if big spring shotes, fattening hogs, or old sows are turned into the stubble fields after threshing. At this time of year sanitation Is very necessary. Tests of Dr. H. B. Raffensperger have shown that worm eggs Incubate rapidly during warm weather. Eggs dropped now from wormy spring shotes or old hogs may ruin next fall's pigs. A few fall san itation pigs on stubble fields, if the plan is rigidly adhered to. will not en danger the spring pigs materially. Outline of Economics of Permanent Pastures Use of Soy Beans Not Favored for Hard Pork mm One of the feeds which is receiv ing attention Is soy beans and unques tionably they furnish a very high pro tein supplementary feed. Recently, however, the packer has been putting In his “two cents’ worth,” regarding soy beans and his song doesn't sing quite as well as some of us would like to have It The packer states that the flesh of swine fed soy ben ns as a protein supplement Is Inclined to he «oft and that not only the ment can not be cured right, but that the lard will not harden as will the carcnss of the nnlma! that has not been fed soy beans.
