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About The west shore. (Portland, Or.) 1875-1891 | View Entire Issue (May 1, 1886)
THE WEST SHORE. 147 INDUSTRIAL EDUCATION. An exhibition was recently hold in New York City under the auspices of the Industrial Education Associ ation, which has brought the subject of the mnnual train ing of young people more prominently before publio at tention than any amount of pamphlet literature could possibly have done; for by (mowing what the childron have already accomplished, the possibilities of tlio fu ture are ooncluBivoly demonstrated. The exhibit was mado up of individual contributions and of collodions sent from the different industrial schools throughout the country. They included every department of lalsir, drawing, modeling, wood and metal working, ropouss6 and leather work, printing, embroidery, sewing, and even plain cooking. Compel) ton for the prizes was limited to pupils uudor fifteen years of age and to those living within twenty miles of New York. Many of the most complete educational exhibits, however, came from cities at some distance, those from the iudustral schools of Philadelphia, Chicago, Worcester, 8t Louis, New Ha ven and Cleveland being particularly attractive. They illustrated the different stops in manual education, and showed a thorough systematizing that promises the most gratifying results for tho future. The New York public schools wore not very woll represented, but tho exhibits from many of tho privato institutions woro worthy of thoughtful study. This was particularly the case in the display of mechauioal and engineering mod els. Few men of the present untrained generation could compete with these boys of fifteen years and under, in accuracy and finish of their work. The Oramercy Park Industrial school exhibited a very tine model of a snson siou bridge, mado from full sized drawings at a scale of ene-sixteenth of an inch to the foot This was tho work of seven boys, all under fifteen, and secured tho first prize. A very perfect little model of a stone-cutting machine, mado by one of the pupils of the Amateur Tech nical Union, and designed to show the manner of dress ing marblo, sandstone, and others of tho softer building stones, was awarded the second prize in this department The exhibits of the Hebrew Technical Institute and the Yonkors publio schools also contained much that was ingenious in the way of models and machauical toys. The exhibition was oien for a week, and was witnessed by at least seven thousand persons. The bulk of the un sold contributions has been transferred to the training school of the Industrial Association, and will form the nucleus of a permanent exhibition. ArrangmeuU have already lxn mado for similar exhibitions in several neighboring cities. It is confidently believed that this movement for tho manual training of American citizens, which has pushed its way in the face of so much opposition and indiffer ence, is now established on a firm foundation, and by making iudustriid education a recognized feature in our publio school system, will give as a generation of skilled native workmen. THIS GIANT EUCALYPTUS IN FRANCO. This very interesting tree has been generally intro duced into southern Franoo, and into Algeria. Many of tho trees nro now twenty fivo or more years old nnd have attained a height of sovonty-flve or one hundred feet or more. Tho gigantic size of this tree, its remark ably rapid growth, tho hardiness and tenacity of its wood, tho medical proorties of its exterior parts, all combine to make it a plant the usefulness of which oan be compared with that of the potnto. Indeed M. Charles Joly, whoso note on tho subject wo have More us, suggests that this tree may mako inhabitable, by its well known and acknowledged sanitary action, regions which could not lie otherwiso inhabited by Caucasians. That tho eucalypti havo a decided iuUuenco on the ntiuosphero around them is no longer doubted. Their vicinity is relatively free from insects, and they proteot from miasma. The former effect is undoubtedly due to their balsamic odors arising from essential oils wliioh are not only produced in abumlauco in all the green parts of tho plants, but aro oven exuded in many smhiIoh as a sort of scurf, giving tho trees their silvery appear ance. Whether their destructive iniluenco on miasma is duo to tho essential oils or to the rapid growth and vigorous vegetation of tho tree is yet an open question. Very likely, both characteristics have their iniluenco. Tho extracts from these trees aro much employed for diseases of the mucous membranes. Tho Trappists of tho (3ouvout of Trois-foutnines, near Home, and phar macists mako many forms of preparations from the resins, oils, and oven leaves, which are much employed as disinfectants, antiseptics, and febrifuges. Tho amount of extract from the leaves varies with tho nmies. Ac cording to M. Joly, M. Marchais of Autilies has tried a score of sMwies to ascertain tho difference in amount of extract From one hundred kilogrammes of the fresh leaves ho obtained only one hundred and twenty-five grammes from tho roatraU, tho oeoideutalia, and the calophyela; a greater (Mirtion was obtained from tho globulus, tho aiteroxylon, and tho louooxylon, via., one kilogramme to ono kilogramme and ono hundred and tweuty-five grammes; finally, from tho amygdalitis he got ono and five hundred and sixty thousandths kilo grammes. Ventilation. As houses are generally mado it Is better to draw down tho upor sash of a window, for the reason that the warmest air, particularly during the win ter, collects near the coiling and injurious matters are carried np into it from tho floor, drawing down tho sash will afford a double means of ventilation permit ting tho warm and noxious air at tho top to ocae and tho outer air to enter at the bottom of tho sash through tho lower one. When tho weather is oold it is not aeoe. sary that tho upr sash be lowered much; an inch or two would le sufficient for a room of the average size; that is, fourteen or fifteen feet square. A room which is used for tho general assembling of the family what is called the living room should wit be less than that in dimension.