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About The west shore. (Portland, Or.) 1875-1891 | View Entire Issue (May 1, 1880)
May, 1880. THE WEST SHORE. 140 TIIK UONHTKULTION OK OABF NMM. Kollowiag Um interacting sabjoot of carp culture, to which we alluded In our last imui, we derou considerable ioe m Uin number to e rental of torn of the requisites t Ut oooatniclion of wp mid1i and the de tula involved therein. In making thin ehowing we shell drew chiefly from the writings if lludolph lleeeel, who wu engaged hy the United NUtee Kieh (oinmieaion to introduce the ii l.j l in thie oouiiUy. It would he impoeeihle, of uoarae, to give items of oooelruction to meet ell needs, for ernne may hen one etyle of situs' lion and olhera another. It will lie our purKe more to raaeul Die niain requisites, and thine oan be adapted l meet individual conditions. The culture of oerp in California ia spreading very rapidly. i'- a i-i 111 ron QaM mm If iaUndln to establish carp oiiiU, it will be neoeaaary to aaoarUin the following Miinta be fore the eiecution of the plan: I la there a eullicient quantity of water at band for all uurimeea, for the eunmier aa well aa winter T i. la the ground, euil and wafer favorable for culture ? 3. It u iinKirtanl to eiamtne the land miuulaly, 111 order to lind what are the oomponwite of the ami, for not every kind ! eotl la auitalile for carp culture. i It ought to be decided from the commence men! how Urge the eetali liahment ia iuteuded to be, whether only for private uae and pleasure, or whether wholeeale product, .u uf the liih aa aa article of trade u contemplated. A rocky, gravelly grouud la not appropriate lor oatp l Ulluie. Mainly gmuml, ithuut a con aideralde 111 11 lure of loam, clay and humua, ia "I aoiall um Mmell l.iiili with a aali.lv torn may he improved hy eupplyiug them with main, aa 11 ia llciueiillt Inio 111 aiincultiiri'. The nwal lavorable water will alwaya U that which romae (mm mere and brooks. I'onda might I ouiiatruftcd which would tall thrm elves with rain water dunug the winter or at any other lime . Iiul such water lakes a mohly ueie eaeiiv, who n it will communicate to U fkahea, ae doee the water from boga alao. la Karope, etpenence haa ahown that water ...uong Majj Irrtilo In Hi and meadows, rarrv lag with It parUolea of oflal from vilUgea. ia heel adapted fur carp culture. Spring water direct from the ground la not favorable, an, I ought to be conducted, for at leaal a few huu drvd yarda, through wide, ehallow ditchoa, 11 onier Ui receive more nourubing oomioiirnU " air aa e.ll aa ll.e rarth. ao.l ahoie all k be warned to aunte eiteat by the euu ami into the pond other fishes, especially the rapa cioua pike. , The inlet sluices from the itream must ot courae lie of a strong anil practical construction, ... 1I..1 ... ..... ii inninnibln and thev otlf nt to be provided with gratings to prevent other hea from intruding. It ia an miliaiM naalilu condition for the culture in ponds, according to established rules, that they lie au constructed aa to allow of being thoroughly drained, so that the lishes may be taken out without any dilliculty. If the sine of the iirincinal anil Biimilomcntary mnda haa been decided on, the hight, depth and in. llh must be measured, ana tne loveia 01 me umarKi'iTio or imi nmtex I'uevda tenet not I too deep, aa the water will oe iuw aim win luulmi lean men u, hum aad worma, which form part of the carp's food heei.lee. thia liah d.m n.. grow ..uicklv I.I watae, A depth id 3 leet 111 the center of the 1.1..I ii aulti.i.nl, u.aial.l the ..utJ.l aim., n taay be Iraaa (. u. Meet deep, bat only for aa area of I roan IMJ , ,,,, deplbe nl Una WlecU,- the hehee aeek their rwtttu place M te wiaUr. and aleo in aum aver, waea the water la ton warm near the eilge ..miiuii ...an..! 1 i u Minimi, The osta taut id tbe tend eh.,l.l eWeawr than I loot for Ika dietawce of about Til or 100 lea), an that Um water there taay be wartaad am iWwghl) hi ihr aun 1 ovarii Ih, ...ui id Ik. pool, ud in ecoord MM W1U ia aiae. a cavity id I man -Jo to 10 frrl a taawu aau 1 iet .temper Ikaa Uw reat of th 1! " aerv, ih. neaea m a reauag 4a la aaeaaaer aad .inter inaaae ranuet are nailed " keUUa, aad aaaikaa) a? la Um eat IBM waav ui waae into tbe p.d ahoaU ae v ue auawaaj au be Oirect. aa. lor ineUace, . laaiuag nan ia l ate etaea caaaea tk ' na aa taMspurteiM Uaae, oarryia ... . become a very tenacious mail, which will not allow any water to penetrate. The completion of this laborioni talk will be a source of ultimate satisfaction, ai many disadvantages, which might arise after the filling of the pond, will be done away with through its agency. The dam should not be made entirely of clay, for in mid-summer, during the great heat, it would dry out too much on that tide most exposed to the sun, and consequently it would become fnll of fis sures, through which the water would escape, and this might become disastrous for the estab lishment. PONDS RKQUIRKD. To carry on carp culture in a regular and lia. 1. PLAN OK A NATUUAL ground and dams, if auch are needed, should be carefully taken. The leveling of tho bottom is 1 1 1 1 11 11 iil to aasist in the determination of the Iriith ot the ditches, "kettles' collectur and outlet to be dug in it. Mnunra ms ham. In the erection of the required dam it is moat imiorUiit that it be constructed of the very beet material, so aa to make it eecure against the destructive influence of the water. It ought be three tunes aa wide at its base aa it. ia high, and at the top the width should l the same aa the hight The intorior or waterside hould lie leaa inclined than the exterior one. CARP-POND. judicious manner, several ponds are required, according to the various purposes they are destined for. 1. The hatching pond, 2. The breeding pond, 3. The culture or regular carp pond. Tho hatching pond serves more particularly for natural impregnation and hatching, or rather lor natural propagation generally, by placing a number of male and female fishes in tne pond. Here the females drop the eggs, during the spawning season, upon aquatio plants, where they are impregnated by the male. Tho hatching.pond should not be as large as I I IK lv , IWfireth f "imuiAli OABF POND. Msat WMM ft is to Stji1,! j!. t,h! hreeding.pond; its depth not to exceed ..bp,,, ,,.,,.. S I 4HH IZ A Th portion, or, a. it is ik. ii. . vo nve .., me inw Water marmn ahnnld oenerallv reweted ih. .1.. i """ ' la down of thia l..r . "P'ng II. ia inannri Um aaaea aU ... ., " ."", In "e lonndaUon will V'"- ". bass, catfish, tritons. wats ". turtles and water lizards, rate and "7r ,flS or voracious animals. A fine ? in,Preent the entrance of the former; S ,h '"'. various traps are in use, and o her mewu might u ft j rf th, uou.lv rp?rt)!n' new ponds be assid wd if Pt c1 of th n'1 mentioned, Md of mky other, not named here. 'RWaSJi.U "ATTJEAL rONDS FOB CAW. it . L ni te mk of natural ponds, 11 accetsarv tn .. i: L!7. .L . w. "iniaip wnevner aney csm "