Image provided by: Independence Public Library; Independence, OR
About The Polk County post. (Independence, Or.) 1918-19?? | View Entire Issue (Dec. 26, 1919)
HELGOLAND FORTIFICATIONS BEING DISMANTLED N e w Devices to Help A ir Pilots Radio Direction Indicators Are Improvements to Save Life and Time. NEED FOR CASH IS ACUTE E ig h t P la n e s U se d in M a il S e rv ic e In U n ite d S t a t e * a n d 54 in E n g lis h C h a n n e l S e rv ic e C o m p a re d — F o g N o L o n g e r M enace. The German*, in accordance wllh tlie armistice terms, are dismantling the fortifications of Helgoland, stronghold in the North sen. This uew and exclusive photograph shows one of the greut gun emplacements. OIL TO TAKE PLACE OF COAL ON SHIPS Coal Strike Adds Impetus to Movement to Change Pro pelling Power. MANY ADVANTAGES IN OIL E i g h t A m e ric a n M e rc h a n t L in e s C on- tem pla te In s t a lla t io n of N e w S y s tem — E c o n o m y of L a b o r a n d Sp a c e S t ro n g A rg u m e n ts. New York.— For months nuval au thorities and private steamship com panies have been seriously consider ing the conversion o f vessels from coal to oil burners and some have already (nade that change. The coal mine «trik e has quickened plans to make fu el oil the ship-propelling power of Hie future, and many companies have unnounced their purpose to run their rra ft with oil instead o f coal. Oil, it is argued by engineers en gaged in making the change, will cut large slices from the expenses of op eration, the size of crews, eliminating font stokers and increasing cargo t*l>nce by releasing much space now given over to coal. The shipping boat'd Is Investigating the practicability o f making the Le- i’lathan nil oil burner. It Is no secret that she Is considered a failure, from ping board, besides 18 others that have been sold by the shipping board. Of 720 vessels now under construction for the board, 630 are to lie oil burn ers, aggregating in deadweight tonnage 4,691,650. M a n y A d v a n t a g e s in Oil. Asked by a reporter for The World the advantages o f oil over coul a shipping expert said:' "O il requires less bunker space for a given steaming rndlus. It cun be curried between double bottoms nnd In other places where neither coal nor cargo can tie stored. The space saved can he used by freight-paying cargo. ‘‘Bun! >ring can be effected with greater dispatch and Is not Interfered with by darkness or weather. Dirt and other discomforts attending the loading and use o f coal are missing with oil. There Is no need o f machin ery such as is required for handling ashes. Stokiug Is eliminated, reduc ing the number o f men necessnry. Uniform stenm pressure is more eus- ALLOW ONLY HARMLESS ONES R e g u la t io n s of F o o d a n d D r u g A c t A re V e r y S t r ic t — R e q u ir e T h a t C o n s u m e r Be In fo rm e d as to W h a t H e Is G etting. (Prepared by the United States Depart ment of Agriculture.) in M o d e rn Style. the point o f view o f commercial profits, ns a coal user, nnd experts have said that by using oil the expenses o f fuel w ill be enormously cut. C o n v e rtin g M e rc h a n t S h ip s. The International Mercantile Ma rine has nlrendy perfected plans for conversion into oil hunters o f the Harrisburg, l ’lattshurg, St. Paul, Man churia. Mongolia, Troy, Kroonhind and Finland, all o f which played notable w ar parts ns transports,. The United Fruit company, which lias found Its experiment with the Matapan successful. Is preparing to convert Its entire fleet Into an oll-ue- Ing line. The I'unnmn Itnllroad Steam ship company, operated by the gov ernment, Is nbout to Install the sys tem on the Ancon and Cristobal. Fur ness, Withy A Co. are reconstructing the Fort Hamilton anil Fort Vlctorln w ith White oil burners, for service be tween this port nnd Bermuda. This company already lias placed White oil burners on the Achilles nnd Ulysses. The shipping board has ordered in stallation o f oil fuel systems on the Aeolus, lieKnlb, Huron. Atfiphion, Su- xvnnee anil Otsego. The government today operates 486 vessels that use oil as fuel, with a total deadweight tonnage of 3,798,733. In addition there are 49 oil burning freighters that have been turned back to their pre-war owners by the shlp- London.— Cassell’s new Eng lish dictionary contains n large number o f words that came Into use during the war, many of them borrowed from American slang. A few o f the innova tions a r e : Bus— An airplane. Cold Feet— T o be in a funk. Guy— No good. Highbrow— A highly superior person. Eyewash— Humbug. No flies on me— No fool. Jazz— A noisy nnd boisterous dance In ragtime. Movies — A kinematographic exhibition. Umpteen— Any number. For the benefit o f Americans “ old beun” is deflned ns “ old f e l l o w “ conchy” us a conscien tious objector, ami “ top hole” as the very best. ily maintained, insuring a steady rati o f speed and reducing the. degree o deterioration o f furnaces and boiler resulting from uneven temperatures.’ #■ Food Packages. S h ip American Slang Defined by British Dictionary MUST BE FAIR TO CONSUMER Substitutes for Sugar Must Be Declared on Labels of C o a lin g their Washington.— Substitutes fo r sugnr or for other normal Ingredients of foods should be declared on the labels o f the packages o f food in which they are used, If the package's are shipped within the Jurisdiction o f the federal food nnd drugs net, say the otlieiuls o f tlie bureau o f chemistry. United States department o f agriculture, who are charged with the enforcement o f (hat net. Only substitutes which are harmless are permitted in foods un der the terms o f the law, and those that are permitted should be stated clearly on the Inbols. The object o f the regulation re quiring that substitutes be declared on tlie laliels Is not to lim it *n any way the use o f wholesome substitutes, the ottictals state, hut ,to let the con sumers know what they are getting. A purchaser o f any fow l product, of which sugar is a normal ingredient, will naturally expect to get sugar In that product unless advised to the con trary. As the substitutes are usually cheaper than the substnnee for which they nre used, It Is only fair, both from the standpoint o f the purchaser nnd from that o f fa ir trading, that u clear distinction be made on the ln- bels between foods thnt contain all the ‘ normal Ingredients nnd foods in which one or more o f the normal ingre dients Is replaced by a cheaper sub stance. foods. A number o f food manufm Hirers have been convicted fo r shij ping into Interstate commerce food adulterated with saccharin. A crin inal prosecution is now pending again» one o f the manufacturers o f sncchnri for shipping It labeled ns hnrmles within the Jurisdiction o f the federi food nnd drugs act. L ia b le to Seizure. Foods In which harmless subst tutes have been used and no mentto of the substitutes made on the label! If shipped within the jurisdiction o the federal food nnd drugs act, ar subject to seizure nnd the party r< sponsible fo r the violation o f law I liable to prosecution. Manufacturer o f foods In which substitutes nre use should see that the substitutes ar stated on the labels In order to avoi violations of the federal or state laws Regulation 25, Issued under the fed ernl food nnd drugs net, provides li part ns fo llo w s : “ When a substitute o f n recognize! quullty commonly used in the prepare tlon o f n food or drug product Is rc placed by another substance not Ir jurlous to health, the name of the suh stituted substnnee shnll appear upoi the label.” NEW CLAIM TO MAYFLOWER E n g lis h W o m a n S a y s S h e Is D e sc e n d a n t of O r ig in a l O w n e r of V e sse l. Kings Lynn, Norfolk, Eng.— There Is a new theory relative to the owner ship o f the Mayflower. Mrs. Mar garet Farrow claims to he a descend ant o f the original owner of the emi grant vessel, one ltlchnrd Bunting of South Creek, who farmed in the Duchy o f Lancaster. Mrs. Farrow declares that in the will o f that gentleman, dated 1601, he bequeathed to Thomns Bunting “ All debts he owe«! me nnd also my boat, the Mayflower, nnd nil things belong S u b s t it u t e * T h a t M a y Be U sed. ing to her.” There nre a number o f substitutes Among other domestic papers o f the for sugar which can very properly be family there Is an entry to the effect used in manufactured fowls, such as Jams, Jellies, marmalades, pops, swln that “ the Mayflower, loaded with corn, water, confections, and the like. Among was taken to Holland Instead o f to Bye and was fined.” substitutes thnt may bo used. If prop Norfolk folk now claim the vessel as erly declared on the labels, are maple tlielr own. sugnr sirup, glucose, corn sugar, corn sirup, honey, and high-grade refiners’ sirup. BAN D R ILL IN “FOE” SCHOOLS Sacchnrin. a coal-tar product which has been widely advertised by Its Alllss Stop Military Exercise* by Chit, manufacturers as a sugar substitute. dren T ill Disarmament I* Is not a proper or legal substitute, Settled. since It Is held to be Injurious to health, nnd ns It hns no fowl value Mayence, Germ any— Military drills whatever. It lowers the quality o f the In the public schools o f the occupied fwsl In which It replaces sugar, which aren o f Germany have been prohibited hns a high food value. Tlie use o f by the allies’ committee on the admin saccharin, whether or not declared i istration o f the Rhine territories until on the labels. In foods coining within such time as the subject o f disarma the Jurisdiction o f the federal fowl ment o f Germany provided for In the and drugs act. Is prohibited. The laws treaty o f peace may be taken up and or regulations o f most o f the states ' decided definitely by the allies’ com also prohibit the use o f saccharin In I mission. New York.— New devices to safe guard mail pilots and assure the sure guidunce o f mail planes through nil kinds o f weather are now being In stalled on mall planes and at the New ark anil Bellefoute flying fields, accord ing to n statement by Otto Prueger. second assistant postmaster general In charge o f aerlul mall. Radio direc tion Indicators and a uew compass are among fhe Improvements which will save both life and time. In his statement Mr. Praeger goes carefully into the aerial mall situation In this country, pointing out thut much depends upon the attitude of congress toward appropriations fo r tlie exten sion o f the service. H e contrasts the eight airplanes In dully mall carrying operations throughout the entire Unit ed States with the 54 transporting mail each day In Great Britain and across the channel. “ Tlie fact that European countries are operating more extensive air mail services than the United States is due solely to the reason thut the post office department lias not been able to obtain appropriations fo r the desired devel opment,” he says. Concerning the Im provements in air mail carrying, he says: “ With the co-operation o f the bureau of standards, the signal corps o f tin nrmy and the radio section o f the navy, the aerial mail service has de veloped a most powerful loop radio foi communication of mail planes and their guidance through all sorts of weather, even fog. This equipment Is now bping Installed on the new mail planes and landing fields at College Park, Newark and Bellefonte, Pa. “ The radio set has a tremendous range fo r sending. Its possibilities have not been fully determined. In stead of requiring musts from 200 to 500 feet high, the aerial wires are be ing raised on masts only 23 feet high. M IS S MAUDE YOUNGER for the transcontinental service when it is installed. Heretofore the only argument against the aerial mail plane was that railroads were more depend able than flying machines for long hauls, thut planes could not make transcontinental ui long cross-country flights with a surety o f success be cause the weather might either delay the start or force a lauding on unde sirable ground. “ There was much In thnt argument until the wireless was called Into play in behalf of the air mail plane.” Cut Dow n the Tim e. A ir service across the continent from New Y'ork to San Francisco will cut down the time of transmission o f mail by ulmost two days, according to Mr. Braeger. He says: “ The proposed transcontinental air mnil from New York to Sun Francisco is the result o f our inability to get the railroads to give the Pacific coast cities, notubly Los Angeles, San Fran cisco and Seattle, an efficient mail service. A letter mailed in New York and making all connections takes 90 hours to reach San Francisco. “ I f you write a letter Monday it will leave New York at 8 :40 o’clock that night, and if the trains nre on time will arrive In San Francisco at 12:30 o’clock Friday afternoon. During 25 days In October the mail reached San Francisco on schedule only five times. When the trains were as much as an hour lute the mail was not delivered until Saturday morning. “ By the air mnil route letters w rit ten Monday would leave New York Tuesday morning, arrived In Omaha, Neb., thnt afternoon in great plaues >f the type which nre now being com pleted fo r the mall service; arrive nt Battle Mountain, Nev., on Wednesday iftem oon nnd be in the San Francisco post office by 9 o’clock Thursday morn- ng; in fact, delivered almost two days iliead o f the mall sent overland by train. “ This route, if congress permits the carrying out o f present plans, will be operated by raultimotored planes car rying a ton of mail from New York to huahn, and then onto the Coast by planes carrying 1,500 pounds over the Rockies. “ The West lias been aroused In I’avor o f this service, but what con gress will do in the matter remains to •e seen. Tlie trouble with aviation in America is lack o f vision and ignor- ince of the problems that confront manufacturers. Until the national eongress obtains a clearer grasp of this subject the United States will steadily slip back while Europe goes forward. Miss Maude Younger is secretary o f the legislative committee for the na tional women’s party o f which Miss Alice Paul is chairman. O f independ ent means, Miss Younger devotes vir tually her entire time to speeeiimaking nnd lobbying In Washington for the ratification of the suffrage amendment. She spent five years in the college set tlement, New York, where she was converted to suffrage through her close contact with the laboring classes. sion that our airplane Industry Is hold ing Its own with the rest of the world and that the air mail service o f the United States Is the only one In oper ation. “ Today It Is the boast of the air mail service o f the post office department o f the United States that we have eight airplanes In the air daily, cover ing a total of 1,906 miles o f territory and carrying an aggregate o f 2,100 pounds o f mall. “ Compare this with the Information contained In an official report from London detailing the status of the air plane postal service in Great Britain at the close o f the month o f Septem ber, 1919. This report discloses that 54 government airplanes were trans porting mails daily from ‘ one part of F ie ld M a r k in g E q u ip m e n t. the country to another, tlie latest “ Included in the equipment Is a field- routes including Bristol, Birmingham, marking radio device which enables a Newcastle, Manchester and G lasgow ; pilot to steer exuctly for the center of also that multiple motor Handley Pago his landing field, although it may be In D e a th S tru g g le . airplanes were carrying 1,400 pounds invisible nnd obscured by clouds, rain, “ Few o f us apparently realize to o f letter mall to Brussels for forw ard snow or fog. The tremendous import day that the American airplane indus ing to Hollnnd and Norwny, nnd bring ance o f this invention, which has been try is in a death struggle fo r existence. ing back on the return trip 2,000 perfected by the bureau o f standards People seem to be under the impres- pounds o f continental mail.” ou the initiative o f the aerial mail service, can be barely realized by those unfamiliar with the art o f flying. “ Fog is the aviator’s most dangerous enemy. A m ajority o f crashes and bad --------- a ------ ----------------------------------- landings nre caused solely by the in ability o f the pilot to determine his H a r v a r d O b s e r v a to ry F in d s 18 N o t or sixteenth magnitudes, or, in other P re v io u s ly C la ssifie d T h ro u g h position nnd the location o f a suitable words, down to stars about 10,000 P h o to g ra p h ic S tu d y . landing place. times too faint to be seen with the “A new eompuss hns been devised naked eye. There are something like Cambridge, Mass.— The H an ’ard col nnd put In service on the small planes, 100,000,000 such stars. but one o f the most Important contri lege conservatory is tunklng a syste butions to aviation being worked out matic search for new stars, necordlng by the aerial mull service, with every to Acting Director S. I. Bailey, who prospect o f success, is n nonmagnetic said thnt every two weeks a photo Baby’s Daubs on Wall and nongyroscoplc compass which will graphic study o f the Milky W ay wns Better Than Masterpiece overcome the unreliability o f the mag made and the new stars charted. Since netic compass caused by vibration nnd this work was undertaken several Baby finger prints on the other disturbing features o f an air years ago, he added, eighteen new wallpaper are the finest exam stars had been discovered. plane In motion. ple o f mural art. This was the “ We also nre engaged upon n de “ Through the encouragement and decision handed down in a New actual assistance of the aerial mnil tailed study o f the magnitudes of York city court by Justice Ro- sendee an American inventor has stars,” Prof. Bailey said. “ In certnln bitzek, in dismissing a suit to created a self-cleaning spark plug for special areas, In co-operation with recover alleged damages be the powerful high-eompresslon type of Prof. Ixnpteyn o f Groningen. Holland, cause a baby had embellished we nre making an especially Intensive Liberty motor. the Interior decorations o f an “ W e have every reason to believe study o f both the magnitude nnd posi apartment by n frieze all its that these new inventions will do much tion o f all stars down to the fifteenth own. This would be n happier world to live In,” the Judge said, only “ if baby fingers could only the make their imprint on the I hearts o f men and women. 1 of would rather see the print ol baby fingers on the walls o f my house than have them adorned masterpieces.” with the world’s masterpieces.’' Search Sky for New Stars DAVISON WELCOMES SIR DAVID HENDERSON TREASURE DIGGER W IN S SU IT N e w J e rse y P re a c h e r D o e s n ’t H a v e to P a y F a rm e r $5,000 on Note, S a y s C ourt. Paterson. N. J.— Frederick Loehrs. pastor of the Congregation o f Enlight enment o f Soul and Spirit, will not be compelled to pay $5,000 for the priv ilege o f digging up a farm in quest o f buried treasure. A Jury in the cir cuit court here dismissed the suit against him on grounds o f “ no cause fo r action.” The plaintiff was Daniel Ralslnger, who said he had loanetl Loehrs $5,000 on a .note. The pastor testified that Balsinger told him o f a conversation Balslnger had with a woman. In which the latter recounted a dream In which over $2,000,000 worth o f jew elry and gold was buried on Balsinger’s farm In Oakland, N. J. , The pastor agreed to buy the farm, he said, and gave Balslnger $20 In cash and the note fo r $5,000. Then 'h e and Mrs. Sophie Sautter, treasurer Sir David Henderson, director general of the League of Red Cross Socle- I o f the congregation, and Mrs. Marie tie«, who arrived on the Baltic, shown as he wns greeted by Henry P. Davison, Bluraer, secretary, dug and dug In bead o f the American Red Cress. | vain fo r the valuables. .
