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About The Independence west side. (Independence, Or.) 18??-1891 | View Entire Issue (March 21, 1890)
i. I WEST SIDE SUPPLEMENT. c-ann i rn (ft)? n 'if3 n n ci(a U A INDEPENDENCE, MARCH 21, 1800. THE WEST SIDE. R a PKSTLANI), rablkiber. IMepeadeaee, relh County, Oregon. fOS' iriSTITIITE. AN INTERESTING SESSION VALUABLE DISCUSSIONS--A FULL PROORAMA YN OPSIIOr ALLTHI MP IRS AND SPEECHES. AtMreca of Welcome by Prof 0. T, Stanley, ef Orogen State Normal School Msn-nsuth-Js.opese fey Prot. . L. AraeleV Starts Agricul tural CsHeoe. af CerellleWerk f the State Hertleultwral BeerS by R. . Wallace, af Salem.." Hew we mlaa M" roes by Han. C. T. Notch, ef McCoy -"Future Peeel btlitlee af the American Farmer From tha Preeeat Stont)aent," by Men. J. H. Hawley, af Bethel" "Tlla Drolnea a," by Oaa. Reaere, near Independence- Poultry Rale Ine by Pref. Berehteltl, af Uta Agrioultural College "Mlaed Farmina" by Han. F. S. Powell, ef Monmouth-" Boa Culture" by Praf. W. W. Brlotow, af Stato Agricul tural College-" Wore, af Oregon Horticulturists" by O. P. S. Plum mar, af Portlan)-"Oer Bojrt ana Glrla vi. Stood" Praf. W. N. Hull, af Stata Agricultural Colteoe-"Silo and Cnsllsge" by H. T. finch, of Corvelll, OI'KSINOKMWlON MAJU-ll l.Tll. On Thursday evening the inspiring strain of the Independence brow band relied the people together at mi early hiHir at the oM-ru lioune In lata city tu attend the 0cnlng mwIoii of the Far mers' Institute, which In carried ou un der the auspice of the Stale Agri cultural College at CorvallU. The audience wa large, orderly ami atten tive. Kx-Mii,vor Oootlman wtu chosen chairman and Prof. K licrchtold, of Corvallls, secretary. amhhm or wf.uhmk. Prof. I). T. Stauley. president of the Oregon State Nonual school, was intro duced and mild: No more pleasant taak could be assigned to him than to welcome the farmers of thla VieluHy to a pertleiptlon In tha benefit of thla Inatttute; had been a farmer himself; read agricultural paper. That the aohitlon of tho problem of capital and labor uaeda to ba studied by the farmer, and that through' tha farmer's ef.t And action a solution of the problem will ba gained. That wa hare already mad considerable progress In the atteaipt to aolre It The moat Impor tant part of our wealth eotuee from tha aoil therefore eoadlUona of society grratly depend upon the success of the Annan. He advocated organisation BMoog tha farmers, aa a matter of great importance. That In concluding ha would again attend hearty wel eoeno to the farmers. ; muvom Praf. B. U Arnold, pratident of the State Agrkultunl College, In behalf of tha collate thanked tha gentleman wha were contributing to make thisislilpmenU of fruit. That tha board of InetlUite s tuoceea. That their' YUoe wa becoming better known each year, That a geW many qtksatlons of poUtloal eoooomy, which involve farmer Inter' eats, were to be sol ved. One of the best book for tha fanner to read just now was Dr. Franklin's "Poor lticbards Almanac." Explained tha purpose of these institutes and that the fanners should make their wants known to tha officer of the State Agricultural Col- leg. That In tha Institutes tha ex perience of all is given and theory Is combined with practice. Bhows that it is Important that the farmer should be educated as well as the law yer or the teacher.' That the state pays for the instruction of' the teacher, be cause tli state wants the community better served. That the farmer, If better educated, will be of mure benefit to the state. That this Is the reason wby the state educates classes of indi vidual. , That If the farmer were edu cated to i point where the production suuld UHoubled thstprlcee would fall and while thli dura not seem to benefit tha farmer It does benefit tha whole country, Thli la tha reason why tha tate educates tha farmer. Compares tha savage Indian to tha civilised man. That education improved tha iltlll, tha weapon, and tha Incentive to luduatry of tha Individual. Another reaaon la given why tha farmer should ba edu cated. The population of tha world Increaara fatter than tha product of tha land. In HMO the United States had 5,0x10,000,000 people and now hai fifty five nillllout of people, lty another century tha country will have an cnor- moua population. That tha population of England la tha reaaon why tha rente are so high. That tha pressure of population la going to ba one of tha tuet Important baa of solution In these United ritatee. That thla problem will ba one which; will strain our govern' ment to solve. Tells of the different of population between tha Kaat and West and of Kurope aud Atuerit. That education should Iw given the farmer that the Immense number of people may be red from the products of tha stdl. That this evil la to be con sidered now whlla there Is a remedy. That the farmer Is better able than any one else to stand against war, famine and pestilence, and that wheu the for mer suffers all classes suffer. Hong by Miss Lottie Hedges, of In dependence, Mrs. F. A. Duuty ac companist. "When the leaves lie- turn Again." Very ulcely rendered. The audience whs then favored with anatldreas by Hon. It S. Wallace, of Salem, on the STATR BOAKD OK HOHTUTLTl'RK A.M ITS Vi'OKK. He nid; It rcmindiHl hllll of a Clr-' cuuwtniice. Had a by 8 years of Wtu tllxcuHSlng with the board codllit mollis, green splits, etc., and hi little by aidted blin atmt tmrtli'ulturnl wit. Wlifti arted lutt he thought It ww ho mid he thotiglit it was a but;. That horticulture trvttt of trtsit, uml Just now bugs lnftt them. Hpoke of the InttTxnts which hullr shtuild btke III horticulture. Tlmt the lxt tlrttxi fruit from Uallfortila is pot up by a My. Spoke of the prevalence of the hog pens and chicken yards iu such ptlttoue that the farmer's boy does not think farming very attractive, Hpoke of the farmer having specialties lu sgrlculture, That the farmer cannot engage In all kind of farming ocoupatlousaud make a success. That If the farmer who Is interested In horticulture tries to en gage In a doeen other breaches he will not succeed. Says that he has been told that good fruit wss once raised In Oregon, but the story Is one of past days. Hpoke of the vast reaourcea of Oregon. That the resident here rarely realised the situation. Spoke of Dr. Irvine, of Albany, telling him In Cbloago that tomatoes could not be raised In Oregon, and that a man nam ed Hubble mad a great deal of money out of cherries In early days. Now cherries and tomatoes are almost staple crops to Oregon. That the orchards of Oregon have no careful intelligent cul ture. Tbe roadsides show the remains of departed glory in the muss covered trees. That California roattil 12,000, 000 profit Into tffe'state last year from Its boru culture wsa organuea to enoour- age and sssist in the business of fruit raising, but that while a great many meetings bad been held the result has not been ss encouraging as they wished. Hpoke of the remedy for the eodlln month. That the arsenic poisons are the antidote. That the slug and aphis can be remedied. That the hope 1 that the future of Oregon may show an In tercet taken In horticulture, and that we may see the orchards well taken care of and bearing their fruit bringing a golden harvest, and materially aid Inm In tha nmenerltv of OrMPon. Bong by Mist Minnie Webber, of l4 dependence, acoompained by Miss Lilian Cooper, "When the Violet Bloom Again," which was a very pleasing effort. DISCUSSION. Mr. Paulson, of Washington county, asked Mr. Wallace what the ooet was connected with the remedy for a eodlln moth and weather It was an entire sue eeasf Mr. Wallace said that one pound of parts green aud on hundred and fifty gallons of water Is sufficient,' which with an ordinary spray pump wilt last all day. The parts green enste only about 90 cent so that the labor la ol much greater value than the materials. That London purpls Is not ss good as parts green. That the cost depends up on the proiier use of Uie spray- "Do you Hud this an Infallible remedy?" Said that after using tills remedy he had found It work very successfully. Mr. Paulson asked at what season the spraying should first commence? That Just ss the bloom falls Is the beet time to apply and every two weeks thereafter. Dues the moss on the fruit tree do auy harm? Yea It doc That moss Is a fungus and Uvea on thejulctss of the tree. How can ittos be killed? Jiy using a solution of lime and salt. That It kills the iuimm and also kills other fungus. That ths muss Is killed and fall off the tree. Spoke of the spreading of the ctallln moth. That It flies eutlrely at night. Address by Hon. K. T. Hatch, of M Cvy. WHRMKWIMIHNIT. He said. That It I easier to tell how you have missmi it rattier tiisu now you hit It. That w have bceu raising ! wheat aud yet wheat as a crop pays very little profit. That lu the next ten year we will coiummo all our own wheat at home, hut shall we wait for that time. That the fur seeing farmer years ago set out orvlmnls wiilcli are witting mm preni. i u tui- .. , it.. . ..I... u-.it , n.t.... .....ii ntHiing or cattle was once uot a sutvt, but now It has bmm proven proftuilile. That the silo has been rutHvsMfiit, That mixing good grades of stock can tie matte to iwy; favors furmlng of specuil- ties. rike of (he profits of gtmlmilng for profit. That wlmt the Oregon far nier wants I larirer town that we may have a closer aud better home market, : and we cau ell afford protect it That farniiug lu the Kast hit become of such magnitude that the highest business ttleiit is required to conduct the bus!' neea. Hpoke of agricultural papers and couriered them. Audience wa then dismissed. MORNINU SKMMION MA HO! 14 Institute called to order by A. J. tfoudman, the chairman, at 10 o'clock a. m. Ilea J. H. Hawley, of McCoy, read a paper on the ''Future Push bill ties of the American Farmer" from a stand point of present surroundings. W are met with the question b said "What can w do to ameliorate the condition of toe American farmer?" That farm ing la the most Important branch of business and one In which ail may en gage who wish. That from the farm have sprung some of our brightest minds and grandest statesman. , what are the quail SoaUoos of the sue eeesful fanner. That edcuatioo la necessary iq all other bra nebs, bat when men 'fail there, they think they can farm, wholly without Inetructioo. That this is ths cause of many failures in farming, That nntll recent years our government baa never given a lepreeenlatlve to the agricnltoral class in the cabinet of the nation; that the government nor the people have never shown a proper appreciation of the lm portance of this work. That the necessity of education for the farmer is becoming more apparent every day. Speaks of the wheat markets and the steady decrease in price. That the limited market and the large supply is the cause and from this we should seek a remedy. That making our nation the kitchen garden of Europe would suit statesman there, but we Americans see that to make of our country an agrteutural country means ultimate bankruptcy. That the diver sified manufacturing Industries are getting in suoh A condition that not only la our home market supplied but we have facilities for competing in foreign markets. Speaks of the home market for the producer, and that pro tection of this markst Is to the benefit of the farmer. That revision and changes should be made In our pro- tectlou laws, hut ths principle la In Itself correct. That the Fanners Al liance and the Knights of Ibor are discussing these political questions. That the farmer Is beginning tu that In union there I strength, and that united demands for Justice) will ks listened to and wrongs remedied. Does not think that Mr. llellamys theory of doing away with Individual responsi bility will ever be realised. That a great deal of the present unrest atnoeg the agricultural classes Is a mistrust of each other. That a change Air the better Is about to be Inaugerated, Diat't'asioit. Mr. Carter, of Wells, asked what chaug he would recommend to have a rotation of crop. That he wants to know of a change which he may adopt now. Mr. Hawley said that new conditions evolve slowly. That we ran uot ctiauge In a moment. That the wheat farmer canuot drop wheat aud take up fruit culture iu a single season. That we know that we are mining a surplus of wheal and depcudlng upon the foreign market for the price, aud we do not know that wheat will remain at sixty cents; It nisy decline to fifty cents a bushel, and we must preitare for that period. Tlmt we have considered Western Orcgou a alum! country and Ksstern Oregon a stock country, but the coudllloiis are changing. That Western Oregon is becoming a stock country and Eastern Oregon the when! country. That our land Is Uvoiulng too valuable for wheat. That we must turn our lauds Into ths production of lock. Mr. Carlor wits not sntUllml a Ith the answer. Said he wauled something tangible for the present, right now, Tlmt some of his neighbors sull-fed some cattle, and after getting them In condition could not sell tliem at a profit. Some say, let the farmers get some Jersey cows and start ervwi iter Im (That there had been several creameries i started In Oregon. California butter still comes In, ami the cnttiiM'rie srti shut down. Some my raliw hogs, Plant corn aud raise hogs, but lisveu't we tried bogs and lo it money. Spoke of raising small fruit. That he bad tried small fruit and could uot sell It, The Utile producers on the outskirts of the towns supph the market aud the fanner la left. Wm. Jones, of Independence, said Diet he found mixed farming to pay. That he had decided tills year to raise some flat which he has contracted lo supply to a Portland oil mill at 1 1. SO a bushel cleaned. That he can raise bushels to the acre. That h has raised 500 bushel of potatoes to the acre and even at SS cents a bushel there Is money In It That at ft a bushel for potatoes a man can pay fur a turn In one year. That after s crop of potatoes you can raise 40 bushel of wheat to th acre. That the raiting of hogs will pay, That now la the time to sell flat bogs. Prof. Arnold of 'the 'Agricultural col lege extended an IsvttaUoa to ths far mers to visit that institution, and x plained the different departments That ao experiment bulletin Is Issued quarterly and these are mailed to all farmers who apply. That the next bulletin will be devoted to fruit pests, Hon. D. O. Quick, of Suver, said that be had visited the agricultural college and oould endorss the school. That agrteultural colleges are a sew insti tution among us. That alnoe the government aids the college it Is en ahledtodolte works In a much better manner. Hpoke of the dUtate of far mer1 boys to remain on the farm. That education will show them how honor able and Independent is this calling and that It may be made both profit able and pleasant Mr. Geo. Rogers, of Independence, read a paper on tiu pa Al It AO. That hie paper will be devoted to personal observations of cause and re sults. That tha improvements In agri culture have made A corresponding elevation In the lot of the farmers. Says that many farmers trust to luck In farming. That there la no suoh thing as luok. That we may vary largely mould the conditions under which we exist, Thataoll when full of water becomes solidified and refuses U. give up lie nourishment to the plant That the warm rays of the sun evepo rate the water and leave the land bard and dry. That there are three ways of drying land. That a system of dead furrows la one way, evaporation another, and tiling another. That tho latter has been proven to be the best method of the three, . Spoke of the ex periment made In plaolug tiling. That tiling three feet deep carried off tho water and thorough drained a field. That our county road could be Int- , proved by utidcr-drelns. That air and sun win break up any kind of hard soli, and that air should penetrate with tho water through the tiling. That deep tiling hss been proven the most valu able. Recommends small tiling for touuomy. That mure tiling can be used aud greater efficiency gained. That If long ditches are used that the upper end can be of small tiling, and gradually Inoroasel as the supply of water Incrveuwa. That wheu a field la well drained, that the soil retain all the nourlshlug ma (crisis which are de posited by the elemeuta. D. O. (Juluk, of Suver, said that one of the most Important thing with the farmer is to have his Und In proer condition. That his father took the premium for having the beet cultivated form. That surrounding farmers bad Ukes and ponds, and many times the water to.nl on them all summer. That by drainage these soil became the bent of farming laud. That oien ditches were dug sud filled well with lime stone ami covered up. That IS years ago Dr. Hawthorne who kept the liiNiue asylum at Kant Portland; had farm In Wsshlugton county which was NHtr, white Intnl. That ou thirty acres he put fiti.ooo feet of lumber lit under drniiis. That previously the land would stwrocly produce any gralu. Tlmt every dity since Uiut lime tlmt Inud hits produced abundant crom. Tlmt there I Uolhlng will pity better than to under drain lund. Mr. L. Paulson, of Washington county, sold that ho believed lu tile drainage. That he saw many acres which he would drain as he came along the railroad. That he would advise a farmer to go In debt to reclaim land that needs drainage, although he was opposed to going In debt. That tllee should be so placed that surf so water can not enter. That the water must come in from below, rtuu arur ten years the Investment will be a bet ter one than the first. That farmer cannot make a better Investment than to drain their land. Mr. Itogera said that he bad found from the experience of a friend that on a farm where the water stood almost on a level, .that be put la tiling 100 feet apart, the upper end two feet deep and, four deep at the lower end.. That tax ' this land which previously prodoeedi lea, bushels of barley to the acre ba, raised 61 bushel of oat. Prof. Berohtold, of Corvaltle, read a,, paper oa rOVLTHV. Bald that from In tiperie not many of the young chicken, and particulary turkeys will die. That raking poultry to be successful requires experience and) no small degree of science. A variety of food la required. Corn alone la set the best of food as It la toe fattening, Oata, scraps of meat and warm mush l . very acceptable. Plenty of water, whets fowl are shut up, la required. Small gravel la Indlepenslble for assisting di gestion. Ashes on the nest where the hen site and a sprinkle of sulpher will prevent chicken lies. All food fad to bens should be well swelled. Dry food It tho cause of many a dead chicken. Sulpher and black pepper mixed with the food will prevent the gapes and tho pipe. One hen can mother sixteen or eighteen chlckt as well as teas. Duck are a greedy blrd.and are very dirty and not pleasant near a house. Theli feathers, If kept plucked, pay well for their raising. Turksys require careful attention during the first two weeks Curd and bard boiled eggs are good food when mixed with pounded crockery for turkeys. Some raisers plaoe bells on turkeys to drive away those paste, skunks. That sulpher Is to be mixed frequently with food. Lima aaeY