La Grande evening observer., August 06, 1912, Image 7

KEYHDTE SPEECH
(Continued rrom page 1.)
' their promises to hopeless and empty
phrases. The mission aud spirit of this
progressive moTement will thrill the
republic from end to end.
The Right of the People to Rule.
'The actions of the Chicago couven.
big transportation concerns eTgaged Tn
such commerce. The anti-trust law
should be kept on the statute book to
be Invoked against every big concern
tending to monopoly or guilty of anti
social practices. At the same time a
national Industrial commission should
be created which should have complete
power to regulate and control all the
great Industrial concerns engaged In In
terstate business which practically
means all of them In this country.
This commission should exercise over
these Industrial concerns like nowers
tion and to an only less degree of the
Baltimore convention have shown In ! to those exercised over the rallwavs liv
striking fnsblou bow little the iieople tDe interstate commerce commission
and safety; flier should mine and
factory lnaction aecorjlug to stand
ards fixed by Interstice agreement or
by tho federal governments national
aud state legislation should establish
standards of compensation for indus
trial accidents aud deaths and for dis
cuses clearly due to Industrial condi
tions; for the adoption by law of a fulr
standard of couiiK-iisatiou for casual
ties resulting fatally which shall clear
ly tlx the minimum couipciisntiou in uil
cases; the monetary equivalent of a
living wage varies according to local
Couliliiuis, Put should lie sufllclentlv
do rule under our present conditions."
In order to assure this popular rule Mr.
Roosevelt urged tho adoption of presl
deutlal primaries, popular election of
senators, the short bullot, efficient cor
rupt practices act. qualified use of the
Initiative and referendum nnd recall.
The recall should be applied to admin
istrative officer.
and over tho national banks by the
comptroller of the currency and addi
tional powers If found necessary." The
commission "should have free access
to the books of ea'-h cnrpouitlon and
power to find out exl-f!y how it treats
Its employees. Its rivals and the gen
eral public. Any curiioratlou
voluntarily coming under the coniiuls-
not upward and secure a square deal
ot merely to the manufacturer, but to
the wage worker and to the general
consumer.
The High Cost of Living.
"The cost of living." says Mr. Rouse
velt. "has risen during the last few
years out of all proKrt!on to the in-
I crease of most sala-les and wages."
What is first necessary is "fearless. In
; telllgeut and searching Inquiry Into
the whole subject, made absolutely by
I a nonpartisan body ot experts with no
, prejudice to warp their mind, no prl-
hii.-h i.i ,,.nu ..,,..ii,i ." ! ""Jl lu wno suau reconi-
provide for education t nZn T'"l '
er.earo of the children, maintenance ' ? 1.""' U"!? '? "Urt. ,um"''
durlnir si.-l.-n...... .,,,.1 ..... : "'" ",r interests ot tlie
for old age; excessive hours of labor I
Mr. Roosevelt asserts that the adop- "'"n should not be prosecuted under the
tlon of these new r''mds of political
administration Is l. t antagonistic to
representative government. "All I de
sire to do by securing: more direct con
trol of the governmental agents and
representatives of the eoplo is to give
the people the chance t make their
representatives really represent thorn
whenever the government lUcomrs
nilsrepresentntive Instead of represent
ative. I have uot come to tills way of
thinking from closed Mtid.v or as a
mere matter of theory. I h:ive leen
fop-ed to it by n long expcilen.-e with
the nctunl conditions of our political
life."
The Courts end the Peools.
Under this head Mr. Roosevelt
strongly emphasizes the necessity of
the sovereign people preserving a check
n every branch of public service. I'n
der this head Sir. Roosevelt reiterates
his now well known views regarding
the courts. "The American people anil
not the courts are to detervdee their
own fundamental poll.-ics." 'Phis does
not mean that the people are to Inter
fere In cases which Involve merely
questions of justice between individu
als except that "means should be de
vised for making it easier th in at pres
ent to get rid of an Incompetent judge."
But when a Judicial decision involves
an Interpretation of what the people
mean by the constitutions which they
have framed aud laws passed by the
people ure uulllllcd because the courts
say those laws are contrary to the peo
ple's will as expressed in their consti
tution there must lie a "reference to
the people of the public effect of such
decisions under forms securing full do
liberation," to the end that the people
may rectify this alleged defect in their ,
constitution by a popular vote having
aJJe force, of n constitutional amend- erasing regulatory control over the
meut. "Our" flfiftSe ta'SoHo'Iuiimgil '' conditions thai create jr determine
the courts, but to emancipate them
from a position whenever they stand
finally In the way of social Justice.
I am well aware that every
upholder of privilege, every, hired
agent or beneficiary of the special In
terests. Including many well nlenulng
parlor reformers, will denounce all this
as 'soeiatism' or 'anarchy' the same
terms they used in the past In denounc
ing the movements to control the rail
ways and to control public utilities.
As a matter of fact, the propositions 1
make constitute neither anarchy nor
socialism, but, ou the contrary, a cor
rective for socialism and an antidote
to anarchy."
Constructive Control of the Trusts.
In addition to punishment for wrong
doing by the trusts, the imperative de
mand is effective and complete regu
lation. The views of President Van
Illse of the University of Wisconsin in
Ms scientific work on trust regulation
are In harmony with the program of
the National Progressives. "The pres
ent conditions of business cannot be
accepted as satisfactory." The reason
for this is explained, in Sir. Roosevelt's
opinion, by the fact that "those dealing
with the subject have attempted to di
vide Into two camps, each as unwise
as the other." One camp has fixed its
attention oilly on the need for pros
perity "prosperity to the big man on
top, trusting to their mercy to let some
thing leak through to the mass of their
countrymen below, which, in effect,
tteaus that there should be no attempt
to regulate the ferocious scrumble In
hlch greed and cunning reap the
largest rewards." The other camp 'ins
so fixed its attention upon the Injus
tices of tho distribution of prosperity,
"omitting all consideration of havlug
something to distribute, nnd advocates
action which. It Is true, would abolish
most of the inequalities of the distri
bution of prosperity, by only the un
fortunately simple process of abolish
ing the prosperity itself." The ten
dency of those now in control of the
Republican party is to give special ,
privileges to "big business" and to cor
rect the evil of such course when
tliev become crying by sporadic law-
'"its under the anti-trust law. The ,
tendenry f the Iomocrats. Judged j
holli by their record In congress and .
liv the IVmoc -ratio platform. Is to nbol
" ;ii business of any size or eill
lelicy. on Hip frrniitul thnt nil ltlpnpss
anti-trust law as long as It obevs In
good faith tho orders of the commis
sion. The commission would be able to
Interpret in advaii. e to any honest man
asking the Interpretation what he may
do and what be may not do in carrying
on a legitimate business." When cor
p '- ! "n n-if tiihinitting themselves to
tlie rcsulatl-.iis of the e-iri.vN-.ton or
clearly evading or violating its orders
.ire prosecute. under the anti-trust law
(in.l convicted, the '-ommi-islou slmuld
have the duty of seeing "thai the de
cree of the court li put into effect com
pletely." Only n this way can there
be avoided "such ' yross scarilals us
those attendant Uvm the present ad
ml:!! ilfiiti'-n's p:-o.-e--u!ion t f tV Stand
nrd Oil and the tobacco trusts," a pros
ecution which bns merely resulted in
Increased prices to the public, injury to
the small competitor and actual finan
cial benefit to the trusts themselves. 1
"The Progressive pioposnl Is definite. .
It Is practicable. We promise nothing
that we c.-ivnot carry mil, vo promise
nothing which will jeopardize honest J
business. Our proposal Is to '
help honest business activity, however j
extensive, and to see that If Is reward-.'
ed with fair return, s that there may '
be no oppression cither of business 1
men or the common eop!e. We pro- I
pose to make it worth while for our i
business men to develop the most ?ffl- I
clent business agencies for use In Inter-
national trade, for It Is to the Interest !
of our whole people that we should do
well In international business. But we !
propose to make those business agen
cies do complete justice to our own peo
ple. Where these concerns deal with
the necessaries of life the commission
should nofln-ink, if tho necessity Is
nroved, from going to the extent of ex-.
erciglng regulatory control over the ,
riill 1 Ttia tl.ii? r-pik-ita fir itntapmlna ' 'l'i
dii'-ti, ii
I'.llO of
i should be prohibited for nil wage wor!
ers. and night labor of women and
children should be forbidden; one day j
of rest In seven should be provided by '
law; continuous twenty-four hour labor
should be divided Into three shifts of
eight hours by law; tenement house i
manufacture should be entirely pro- I
biblted. and labor camps sh n'M bes-i1.. t
Ject to govertiumilal sanitary regular;
ti.m; nil lndi;,;ries e-upioying women .'
and children should be specially Mill- ,
Ject to yovci-niuent l".s-.e ii..n nuA rcg- !
ul.'ilien;. Insurance funds against sick-:
cess, necldent. iiiva'idifr.i and old aj-e 1
should 1 e established by a charge '
cither In whole or in pur; upon ihe In
dustries; the suffrage shoii'd be granted '
to women il" for no other rea-oii to '
enable worl.ir.T women to combine for i
their own protection ,y rh use of the '
ballot. "As n people we cat. not afford '
to let any ; roiip of i i;i:eiis or any indl- !
ri.lual citizen labor under comlilions .
whii h are injurious to the common'
welfare. Industry, therefore, must sub. j
mlt to such public regulation as will ;
make it a mems of life and health, not '
of death or Piediclencv. 1
Th Fsrinor.
"The i (iii'iuy life commission, should '
be revived with greatly Increased row. j
er; its abandonment was a severe blow
to our people. The welfare of the '
farmer Is a basic need of this uatlon."
The country school should be brought
In touch with country life. For tills ;
reason the Progressives approve of gov
ernment co-operalioti with the fari.it;
to make tlie farm more productive j
Co-operative associations of farmers i
both for the production and the selling '
of agricultural products should be en- i
couraged. -So long as the farmer
leaves co-opera live activities with their '
profit s'.uiriiig to the i ity man of bust- I
people as a whole." The Republicans
promise SUcli an inquiry, but their rank
dlshoues'y if action ut the Chicago
convention "makes their every promise
worthless." it Is hopeless to turn to
the Democratic party for relief, lie
cause first the r'em.x-rallc party "af
fects to find the entire high cost of liv
ing In the tariff," ignoring tlie patent
fact that the problem Is world will .
equally pressing in free trade Kngl.md
aud in highly piotectcd (ii.-rm.-iuy.
Moreover, if (iJt. I lenioi-rats are sincere
they must t.;.,- all tin,.-. ,..y ,,(.
Ucle of t;:o I r, ; ,!, v.c Yc.l.uiily
cannot nh'onl to hae the fanner strticl;
down." Viitious ciriients. e-.iaoniic.
political and soi ial, are pointed out by
.Mr. Rooeveit as i iintribuiiiig to the
high cost t.r Ihiuc. Urn efio live legis.
Intiou rr; ."!:: ; i ,.. .....j
on t em n heiisive s, ale after a thor
ough, scieniiiie .,v. promnt inquiry.
"Tlicre is no urvc eon -es delusion
than that tlie Iikiiu: raiie platform Is
a progre i-ivo phufi.!-;.;. '1'he Iem-i-cratlc
.!t.t,-onu, repre-. nting the best
thought ef the ac'..i:ov,e,;:ed Demo
cratic l.-adeiN at P.nliimore, is purely
retrogressi-e ;-.ii I r, : -tiouary. Tin re
Is uo pr. g e ; In It. It represents an
effort to go lack-to put this nation of
loo.i ..'". exlMitig under modern :
conditi c.,s, i .,,,!; t,, wliere It was as a j
nation i f ur-.'HU.otV) p, the days of the
stagoco.-n h and eaniiibont. Such an at- !
tltude Is torylsm, ni' progressivlsm."
BUSSEY'S !
CAB SERVICE
First Class Closed Cabs
Always Ready for
the Public.
Otf THE JOB
DAY AND NIGHT
CallBussey at O'Con
nell's Ci?;ar Store. He'll
take care of you.
iaafiaBiiBMMfiafiaBaMsji
MONEY
, TO
LOAN
on farm lands in Union,
Wallowa and Baker
counties. .;
inn
j, i. iiiuji.iiihiiimiiiiuiiumi mill iii iimumu'i'iu'i""""'! im"'n
DRINK
JUT
'J
America's Best Mineral Vater
It's Good for What Ails iYou
1-.
tii
h b
of e:
in-
eve:
mouopoly prices.
"It is Imperative to the welfare of our
, people that we enlarge and extend our
foreign commerce. We are pre-eminently
fitted to do this because ap a"
people we have developed high skill In
the art of manufacturing; our business
men are strong executives, strong or
ganizers. In every way possible our
federal government should co-operate
in this important matter. Any one
who has had opportunity to study nnd
observe first hand Germany's course In
this respect must realize that their policy-
of co-operation between govern
ment and business has In comparative
ly few years made them a leading com
petitor for the commerce of the world.
It should be remembered that they are
doing this on a national scale and with
large uults of business, while the Dem
ocrats would have us believe that we
should do it with small units of busi
ness, which would be controlled not by
the national government, but by forty
eight conflicting state sovereignties.
Such a policy Is utterly out of keeping
with the progress of the times and gives
our great commercial rivals in Europe
hungry for International markets
golden opportunities of which they are
rapidly taking advantage."
Social and Industrial Justice to the
Wageworkert.
Referring to the opening sentence of
his address, namely, "that we are now
in the midst of a great economic revo
lution," Mr. Koosevelt presented as ad
vanced and comprehensive plan to in
sure the rights and better conditions
for labor. He gives It the paramount
place In his speech. "The first charge
upon the industrial statesmanship of
the day," be said, "is to prevent human
waste. The dead weight of orphanage
and depleted craftsmanship, of crip
pled workers nnd workers suffering
from trade diseases, of casual labor, of
insecure old age nnd of household de- .
pletion due to industrial conditions are,
like our depleted soils, our gashed
mountain sides and flooded river bot
toms, so many strains upon the na
tional structure, draining the reserve
strength of all Industries nnd showing
beyond all peradventure Ihe public ele
meut and public concern in industrial
health." He proposed several specific
methods for preserving nud Improving ,
"our human resources, nnd therefore
our lubor power." Wage scales and ,
ul!! the foundations of j
t:::dermincd and the com
'lionn ent ,e Impossible in
'-pirt'tiitle
'.. -pe t this nation has to I
: s ms of ertlcleney In pro
ud distribution and of nvold
wasie and destruction. We
must develop and improve fii'stead' of
exhausting our resources. It Is en
tirely possible by iuipiovemeuts In
production. In the avoidance of waste
and In business, methods on the part
of the farmer to give him an increased
Income from his farm, while at the
same time reducing ' 'he consumer the
price of the trtlcles raised oi the farm.
Important ilthouU edm-atiou is ev
erywhere, it has u hpet-inl importance
lu the country. The country school
I must fit the country life. In the coun
try, us elsewhere, education must be
hitched up with life. The country
cliun-h and the country Young Men's
aud Young Women's Christum asso
ciatious have great parts to play. The
farmers must owu and work their own
land. Steps must be taken ut ouce to
put a stop to the tendency toward ab
sentee landlordism and tenant farm
lug." Tho Tariff.
On the tariff he says: "I believe in
a protective tariff, but I believe lu it
as a principle approached from a stand
point of the interests of the whole peo
ple, and not as a bundle of preferences
to be given favorite individuals." Ho
believes tho American people favor the
principle of a protective tariff, but are
in rebellion against the wrongdoing aud
unjust application of that policy and
the abuses In past legislation. "It Is
not merely the tariff that should be re
vised, but the method of tariff making
nud of tariff administration." "The
first step should be the creation of a
permanent commission of nonpartisan
experts" of "ample jiowers" to secure
"exact and reliable information." "The
present tariff board Is entirely inade
quate in point of powers reposed in It
and scope of .work undertaken." The
tariff commission in Germany affords
a splendid model. This commission
must scientifically determine "the dif
ference In the cost of production here
and abroad," the effect on "prices to
the consumer," Insure full Justice to the
pay envelope of the wage earner. The
(omuiission must Dot attempt to en
croach on the tariff making power of
congress. It shall report with full pub
licity and promptly. The tariff shall be
revised schedule by schedule to avoid
the "staggering blows to business" in
cident to former general revisions. The
effect will be to wipe out tbe "log roll-
other labor data should be made pub-
liii s, n..i.w.,. L.i ,. ol lie: all deaths. Injuries nnd diseases due ! in and rot trading" secured by spe
:.n of vi.-tiio tci,of u w..i.i is to industrial operation should be re- cial Interests lu tlie past "Only by
ti u dire-tiy the reverse of that thus j ported to the authorities; wage com
'i lu-e.i v pidivi'ted" I missions should be established In tho
' :'d be npplled to nil Indus-
nation and state to determine the min-
in
enraged lu interstate lmum V le " different Indus-
which there is either
intro! of tlie market the
: Jy t'diri'.ed "lu regulat-
trles; the federal government should
Investigate all Industries with a view
to establisblnjr Ktandard$ pf sanitation
this means can tariff bo taken out of
politics." "The substitution of a tariff
for revenue only, as proposed by the
Democratic platform, would plunge this
country Into the most widespread In
dustrial depression we have ever seen."
The revlsloji slial.l be downward and
Tha Currency,
Mr. Roosevelt declare that our pres
ent bank currency based on govern
ment ben, Is is uus-icutilic and urges
the adoption of a ystem which shall
provide "elasticity in the credit and
currency uivessary for the conduct nf
business, free from recurring panics."
The control of sn. h a system should
be lu tlie bands of the government, and
must be free from 'manlpnlatinn by
Wall street or the Iar;.'e interesta."
Conservation.
Tudcr this he-id Mr ltooseVftlf foiif. I
j firms his well known policy on the con. j
servatlon nud reclamation of national i
resources. We must conserve our soli, I
our forests, our mines, not only for our
own benefit but fox tlie lienetlt of our
chliilreu 5 rd descendants. "The public
should pot alienate Its foe In the "water
power which will be of Incalculable
value ns a source of power In the Im
mediate future" and "we should unde--tnke
the complete development and
control of the Mississippi as n national
work. Just ns we have undertaken tbe
work of building the Ptiuiimii caniil,
Alaska.
"In Alaska the government has nr.
opportunity of str.rtlng In what Is el
most a fresh field to work out varloii
problems by actual experiment." I
should at once construct, own an I op
erate all the railways In Alasfcu. ft
should keep Ihe fee of all coal fields
and allow them to be operated by les
see with the condition lu the Ics tli-it
non-use shall operate ns a forfeit. A
system of land taxation should be tried
which promotes the actual use of land
ami discourages the holding of laud
for speculation.' The telegraph lines
should be owned uud operated by tho
government.
International Affairs.
"In International affairs this country,
should behave toward other nations ex
actly as an honorable private citizen
behaves toward other private citizens."
Our small army should have efficiency;
the navy must be steadily built up uu
til "it proves possible to secure by In
ternational agreement a general reduc
tion of armaments;" the Panama canal
must be fortified. Panama canal tolls
on deep water commerce should be
uniform to all nations, Including our
selves. American coastwise vessels
should pass through the canal free, for
this would be no discrimination against
foreign nations and would give us rea
sonable competition with transconti
nental railways. No foreign treaty
should be entered Into which we do
not mean t scrupulously observe lu
every particular.
Conclusion.
In summing up the specific policies
expounded In bis address Mr. Roosevelt
sioke us follows:
"Now, friends, this Is my confession
of faith. I have mado It rather long
because I wish you to know Just what
my decest convictions are on tbe
great questions of today, so that if you
choose to make nie yonr standard bear
er in the fight you shall make your
choice understanding exactly bow I
feel and If, after hearing me, you
think you ought to choose some one
else I shall loyally abide by your choice.
The convictions to which I have come
have not been arrived at as the result
of study In tho cloeeor Jh library.
naatatttuesRHtas
Phone Main 8
And Place Your Order
For Berry Cups
at the
George Falmet Lumber Co.
Retail Department
tirtfitsitfiitMtM
Let Us Protect Your Health
by putting your plumbing in first-class sanitary con
dition, connecting it to sewer so it will pass all sani
tary laws.
BAY & ZWEIFEL
LICENSED PLUMBERS LA GRANDE
I
tWMlfliWffl
- ..I---..- i- -i i- - ,L-. in . i m my
(Continued on pa Eight)
COOK IN COMFORT
You'll envy the woman who
Cooks With Electricity
Sbe doesn't spend the best part of the day in the kitchen, orer hot
stove. Her kitchen l the coolest room In tlis house. She can cook
wherever there is a light socket
She gets her meals in jiffy. The electric cooking devices heat ap,
ready for use, In fifteen seconds. No waste; no fuel to carry j no smoke
nor soot; no ashes. ,
We carry all kinds of electric cooking devices, from the haaiy lit
tle "Iindlant Grill" to the most elaborate ranges. We sell them at
nannfnctnrers' prices and make a special rate for current for cook.
Ing. This special rate makes electric cookers as economical to as
as wood or coal ranges.
See the electrle cooking devices at onr office. We are glai t less
onstrate them for yon at any time.
Eastern Oregon Light & Power Co.
"ALWAYS AT YOCB 8IBYICE