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About The news-review. (Roseburg, Or.) 1948-1994 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 21, 1948)
NEWS-REVIEW, ROSEBURS. OREGON THURSDAY. OCTOBER 2I.H43 NINE i V Loan Features of Marshall Plan Bring Complicated Problems By PETER EDSON , NEA Washington Correspondent WASHINGTON Marshall Plan Administrator Paul Hoffman's reconstruction loan progrim for Europe, lsnt working out quite as expected. This part of the Economic Cc-operation Administration Job U directly under Wayne C, Taylor. He was formerly under secretary of Commerce and a member of the Export-Import Bank board. The original plan was for all 1 ' ECA loans to be male lor ciflc reconstruction projects the usual Export-Import Ban procedure. Only, loans that had good chances of paying out were to be approved, project by proj ect. Out of ECA's first year $5,000, 000.000 appropriation, $1,000,000, 000 was set aside for repayable loans, $4,000,000,000 for free grants. But It was soon discov ered that this 80 per cent erant 30 per cent loan ratio could not be applied right down the line for each of the 16 co-operating countries. Countries like Sweden and Ice land needed only loans. Austria, Western Germany and Trieste could take only grants. Switzer land and Portugal were on a cash basis. Most at the countries. like Britain and France, needed both loans and grants. So mixed formulas had to be worked out, country by country. Some Nations Remiss , Some of the countries have done excellent jobs in submitting estimates on their required re construction loans. Iceland knew Just what she wanted In the way f a factory ship to modernize Iter fishing industry. Iceland got tiie first loan, and so far the only one, for $2,300,000. Turkey has submitted good es timates on requirements for her mining, power, agriculture and transport industries. Italy likewise has turned In specific plans on what she needs to rebuild power, textile, trans port, chemical and shipping in dustries. Italy had many plants completely destroyed by the "var. Rebuilding these plants and put ting in modern American ma chinery make ideal projects for ECA loans. Most of the European govern ments, however, made Utile ef fort ,to separate projects on which they wanted grants from those which should be handled by repayable loan. They Just listed everything they wanted or need ed, apparently hoping that the money might be handed out for free instead of for repayment. This had made It necessary for ECA to decide what should be fi nanced by loan and what by grant. There were complications In that too much detail was In volved In handling separately all the small reconstruction proj ects which might be financed as loans. To meet this situation, the Idea was developed to make what might be called lump-sum loans covering a number of Individual reconstruction projects. Tech nically, they are International trade balance of payment loans. Many of the ECA-Export import Bank loans will be negotiated on this basis In the future. -Liberal Terms Granted Separate grant-loan ratios are being worked out for each coun try. Many factors have to be ta ken into consideration. What is each country'! existing debt structure? At what dates must It repay other loans? How good a risk Is the country? How long should Its future Irans run? When should repayment begin? It has been decided that all loans must be repayable within 35 years, at 21 per cent interest' Instead of 3 per cent. No repay ments on principal or interest are to begin until 1952 end of the present IXA program. Some principal payments will be de ferred until 1956. Some repay ments will be on a regular semi annual schedule. Others will be on tapered schedules, to fit in with the country's other obliga- rions. Aomitteaiy, tins gives i some countries better breaks than others. ECA says it can't be helped. IjSight of People Improved By Corneal Peeling ' LOS ANGELES. Oct. 21. (JPV A method of improving he sight of people with clouded corneas without! corneal grafting was re ported to the American Collece of Surgeons vesterday by Dr. George L. Kilgore, San Diego, Calif., eye specialist. The procedure is called corneal peeling or partial keratectomy. The cloudv portion of the cornea is peeled off. Thij takes the place of removing a full thickness sec tion of the cornea and grafting clear corneal tissue from another person's eye into the cavity. The new method can be used only in cases where the cloudi ness is superficial and in the fore part of the cornea, which is the normally transparent tissue at the front of the eyeball. The operation does not restore vision as well as the most success ful corneal transplants but can give practical sight to some people with relative success, Dr. Kilgore said. Unsuccessful corneal trans plants are "dismal failures," Dr. Kilgore added. He cited a recent report of the American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryn gology of 417 transient cases in which he said the grafts remained clear in only 139. This indicated some degree of failure in two thirds of the corneal transplant ing. Corneal peeling originated nearly a half century ago In Eu rope hut never has been widely used. Improved techniques intro duced In the last six years by Dr. Kilgore and other American spe cialists have increased the safety of the operation. Foresight Pays Off For Home Dweller PORTLAND, Oct. 2i.-tJP Joe Gaudo's house sits at the end of a steep incline on S. W. Water Avenue and cars used to come down out of control, threatening to push his house over a 20 foot embankment. So he put a guard rail of railroad steel, 10 under ground and 3 feet above, in front of his porch.. It paid off yesterday a truck overturned and the uard rail held most of the 15-ton load of steel scrap the truck dumped out. A kangaroo without a tall, which acts as a balancing pole, overbalances easily and turns somersaults. FROM NINE TO FIVE By Jo Fisher 1 8 MfX.M.L.WlLLIAMS I can't remember everything! At least I did remember what I forgot was important! Hit , jr-f 1 Tf$ f ........ ji I A.. V sWT WINTER SCENE IN OCTOBER Premature visit of winter brought about three inches of snow to MeadviHe, Pa., and left the scene above at Allegheny College. Students walk through the center oMhe campus from Brooks Hall in the background. lAr Wire. photal Nazi Air Blunders Studied by Britain LONDON (JP) Stupidity and t overconfidence probably cost Marshall Goerlng's Luftwaffe its chance of victory in the Battle of Britain, an analyst for the magazine "Aeroplane" has con cluded. German flight experience fained on Franco's side In the panish civil war led to the Luft waffe's major error, the maga zine said. "Successes of the Heinkel III and the Dornler 17 In bombing operations convinced the Ger mans that because they were suf ficiently taut to outstrip most Republican fighters, heavy arma ment and armor could he dis pensed with, and It was this mis take perhaps more than anv oth er that cost them the battle of Britain." it observed. "The op erational personnel had become aware of this fallacy by bitter experience when attempting un escorted bombing operations, but. as happens so often, the (Luft waffe general) staff was bliss fully unaware of reality." This attitude reinforced In the early phases of the Europe an war where little opposition was encountered. But when Goer Ing hean his all-out attack on Britain in the late summer of 1040, there was a different greet ing awaiting his lightly equipped alrforcs. "The shatterlnj fire power of eight .303 machineguns. which the Hurricane shared with the Spitfire, literally tore the un.tr-n-.ored bombers to shreds." the magazine said. 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Glides out lor ea.) loading when panel is lowered. 3 Phone 348 Hubby's Snoring Halted Just As He Was About to Catch Mermaid By HAL BOYLE NEW YORK .T This morning I was sleeping peacefully, and all of a sudden I started dreaming. I dreamt I was swimming again In the sapphire seas of the South Pacific. A light breeze dimpled the waves and the sun shone warm and fair. White seagulls wheeled overhead with faint clamor ous cries, or rested on the surface, rising and falling . . . rising and falling. A dim shar nwd up thiough the waters before me and broke the surface. It was a mermaid . . . A beautiful mermaid with tan cheeks and blue eves. She had Ions wet fiulden hair, and there were crimson poppies tangled in it. "Hello, big bov." she said. laughing. "Have you got pocket comb I can borrow 7" I reached for my comb and then felt embarrassed. For some reason you know how silly dreams are I didn't have any pockets along. T miMt've left my comb on the beach," I mumbled. 'How annoying." said my love ly companion. "You shore people sure are useless." We swam along together In sil ence for a while, and then she said: "Did vou ever kiss a mermaid?" "No." 'Wouldn't you like to, big boy?" she said, brushing against mc softly. Her scales felt smooth as silk. I thoucht It over as I switched from a side stroke to an Austral ian crawl. Why not? Who would ever know the difference? 'Sure I wou)d. 'Well," she said. "Let's play tag. If you catch me, you can have a kiss." Strangling, Then &ne tossea ner goinen head and gave a flip of her shining tail. The race was on. The blue waters churned to white foam. I flailed the waves. I was gain ing. . . gaining . . . gaining. . . All at once the sky darkened and hid the sun. The gulls flew away with shrill calls of terror. A freezing wind sprang up. The sea grew Icy cold. The mermaid sank below the surface. Her golden tresses waved wanly. She held up her arms and looked at me with a mocking smile. I dived and swam after her. But I had no breath left and I was strangling . . strangling- . . Then I woke up. My face was wet and my arms were tangled In the bed clothing. Frances, my wife, was standing over me. holo Ing a small glass of water in her hand. "Wake up, Rover," she said, "You have to go out and earn us a living." Snaring Halted ".tut why did you have to drip water on my face?" I asked. To stop your awful snoring," said Frances. "I was desperate. "Couldn't you Just've made me turn-over on my side?" "Listen, Rover boy, I've been turning you over and over like a flapjack. Every time I got you on your side you flopped over on your back again. And the way you waved your arms around why, a person would think you were swimming'." "I'll get up and go to work on one condition." "What Is that?" said Frances. "That if I start snoring tomor row morning you'll drip warm water on me instead of cold wat er." "Why?" "Never mind. I'll explain the whole thing tomorrow. And will you be surprised!" Tonight I'm going to eat some pickles, chill, and Ice cream be fore going to bed. And I'm going to put a ymh in my pajamas pocket. I feel sleepy already, waiting to go fishing In dreamland. lightning by eliminating light ning Itself. Schaeler explains that highly active cumulus clouds usually grow Into lightning-producing thunderstorms. He suggests that by transforming such clouds in to snow, lightning can be elimi nated. Two years ag-5 Schaefcr, weath er scientist at General Electrics' Research laboratory here, made rain and snow by seeding clouds with dry Ice from an airplane. Schaefer'a suggestions were made in a report to the U. S. Forest Service on his studies of thunderstorm conditions at the Priest River Forest experiment station In Idaho. GRAVEL PLANT RESUMES The Umrjoua River Niivl aatlnn Company's gravel plant at Reeds- nArt lu laain In full after a series of breakdowns that seriously curtailed production for almost a week. Mucii of the gravel put through the plant at present Is being used on the hlgh- " "J .... p. w. ...... II. UCIHCCH Coos Bay and Coquille. WANTED WALNUTS To Buy or Dry RECEIVING NOW Bacon & Bacon Curry Estate STATE TREASURER A Practical tuilitti$ Man A Progressive legislator SW M, Nm TiMnnx C.W. H. Mrtl4. Sx-TiMk May Ban Ucjhtning To Prevent Forest Fires SCHENECTADY. N. Y., Oct. 31. (iPi Rainmaker Vincent J. Schaefer says It mav be possible to prevent forest fires started by rGILKEY'S-i Open FRIDAYS until 9 P. M. S23 N. Jaokson Phone S03-L RAINY WEATHER AHEAD . . . .... the forecast Is rainy weather ahead and Karl's are ready to prepare you for it. They hove gay umbrellas in the plaid or floral desigh. The plastic ore 3.49 and the rayons go for 4.98. y KARL'S - SHOES 206 N. Jackson Phono 948-L HEAT YOUR HOME WITHOUT WORK WITHOUT DIRT . . WITH DooTHERM We have one for you Now! Vfl SLASH FUEL COSTS to 25 ) 1 HEW . 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