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About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 20, 1873)
. 'c.j "vG" 2 WILLAMETTE FARMER. Farmers' Declaration of Independence. When in tho course of human events, it be comes necessary (or a class of pcoplo, suffering from long continued systems of oppression nnd nbuso, to rouso themselves from an apathetio indlffcrcnco to their own intorosts, whloh ban bocomo habitual; to nssumo among thoir follow citizens that equal station, nnd demand from tho government thoy support, those equal rights to which tho laws of nature, and of naturo's God entitles them; u descent respect for tho opinions of mankind requires that thoy declaro tho causo that impel them to n course ho necessary to their own protection, Wo hold thcBo truths to bo golf evident, that nil men aro created equal, that thoy nro on dowed by their Creator with certain luallena bio rights; that nmong theso uro Hfo, liberty, nnd tho pursuit of hnppiness. That to secure thoso rights governments aro instituted among men, deriving their just powers from tho con sont of tho governed, Hint whenever tho pow ers of n government becomo destructive of theso, either through tho injustice or inclllclcn cy of its laws, or through the corruption of its administrators, it is thu right of tho people to aboliHh such laws, and Institute such reforms lis to litem shall seem most likely to effect their safety and liniuilncvH. 1'ruilonco Imbm! will dictato that lauvi long established shall not Uo changed tor light tiil trilling causes, and accordingly, all cxpotloucu hath shown that mankind are morn disposed to stiller wltllo evils nro tmll'crablo, than to righttheiiiselvesby abol ishing thu lawH to which they nro accustomed. Hut when a long train of abuses and usurpa tions, pursuing Invariably tho samo object, evinces a desire to reduce a people under thu nbuolutu despotism of combinations, that, under tho fostering rare of government, and with woallli wrung fiom thu people, have grown to such gigantic proportions as to overshadow all tho land, and wield an almost Irresistible inllti euro for their own selfish purposes, in nil its halls of legislation, it is their right -It is their duty to throw oir such tyranny, and provide new guards for their future security. Kuch has been thu patient sulluranco of thu producing classes of these stales, and such Is now the necessity which compels them to de claro that they will use every means hiivu ii re sort to arms to overthrow this despotism of monopoly, and to reduce all men claiming the protection of American laws to an equality bo ' fore those laws, making the owner of n rail road as aineliiiblu thereto as thu " veriest beg gar that walks the streets, thu sun and air Ills solo Inheritance," The history of the present railway monopoly Is a history of repeated injuries ami oppres sion, all having in direct object the establish monl of an absolute tyranny over the people of these stales unequalled in any monarchy of Hie Old World, and having its only parallel in tun History 01 too .licmovai agvs, when the strong hand was the only law, and tlm high way a of commerce were taxed by the Feudal llarons, who from their strongholds, surround ed by their armies of vassals, could levy such tribute upon the traveler in their own wills alone should dictate. To prove this, let fact be submitted to it candid win Id: They have Inllueiieeil our executive olllcers, to refuse their assent to laws the most whole some and necessary for thu public good, and when such laws have been passed they have utterly refused to obey them. They have procured the passage of other laws'awr their own benefit alone, by which they have put untold millions into their own collers, to the Injury of the entire commercial nod industrial interests of thu country. They havii inllueiieeil legislation' to suit themselves, by bribing venal legislators to be tray the true interests of their coiihlltiielils, while others hnvo been kept quiet by the com pliment of free pases. They have repeatedly prevented the re-eleo-(lull of representatives, for opposing with manly tlruiuoHS, their Invasion of thu people's rights. They have by false representations nnd sub terfuge induced the people to subscribe funds lobulld roads, whorfe rates, when built, are so ex orbitant, that in ninny instances transportation by private con vjanco Is less burdensome. They have procured charters by which they condemn and appropriate our lauds without adequate compensation therefor, and arrogantly claim that by virtue of these diallers they are absolutely above the control of legal enact ments. They have procured a law of congress by which they have dispossessed hundreds of farm ers of thu homes tiat by yeais of toll they have built up; have induced others to mortgage their farms for roads never intended to be built, mid after squandering the money thus obtained, have left thtir victims to thu mercy id courts over which they held absolute sway. They hnvo nhstilietcd the administration of justice by Injunctions procured from venal judges, by legal quibbles and appeals from court to court, with intent to wear out or ruin the prosecutor, openly avowing their dctcrmiu lion to make It so terrible for the public to prosecute Ihcni that they wilt not dure under take it. They have virtually made judges dcpcudint on their will alone, and have procured their appointment for the express purpose of rcicrs lug a decision of the highest court of the nation, by which uillllaliH were gained to them, to the injury of the holders of the bonds and the breaking down this last safi guard of Aim rioml freemen. They have atVcctcd to render themselves In. deHuilent of and superior to (he civil jsiwer by oidering large IsMhs of hireling to enfoice their unlawful exactions, mid have piotivtcd them from punishment for an - injury they might Indict upon peaceful cilleus, while ejecting them from (heir conveyances for re fusing to pay more than thu rate of fare pro scribed by law. They have arrested and summoned from their homes for trial, at distant iioiuts, other citizens for the Mime otlcneo of refusing to pay more than the legal fare, putting them to as great inconvenience and expense as possible, and still lurllicr evincing their determination to obtained from the government, into n groat corruption fund, with which tbey aro enabled to bribo nnd control legislatures, and subvert ovcry branch of government to their own base nnd sordid purpose They havo increased the already intolerable burden of taxation, which tho people, havo to enduro, compared with which the tea and stamp tax which precipitated tho wnr of the revolution, seems utterly inslgnillcntit, by tho appropriation of money from tho public treas ury, whilo thoy havo escaped taxation them selves by evading and violating tho expressed provisions of thtir charters. In every stago of fheso oppressions wo have petitioned our legislatures for redress in the most httmblo terms. Our repeated petitions havo been answered only by silonco, or by at tempts to frame laws that shall seem to meet our wants, but that aro, in fact, only a h gal snare for courts to disagree upon nnd for cor porations to disobey. Nor havo wo been wanting in attempts to obtnln redross through Congress. We havo warned them from time to time of these vari ous and repeated encroachments -upon our rights; we havo reminded them of tho circum stances of our emigration and settlement here: wo havo annealed to them as the admin istrators of a freo and impartial government, to protect us from theso encroachments, which, if continued, would inevitably end iu tho utter destruction of those liberties for which our fathers gave their lives, and tho reinstatement of privileged classes and an aristocracy of wealth, worse than that from which tho war of the revolution freed us. They too havo been deaf to the voicu of justice and of duty. Wo must thereforencqulesco iu tho necessity which compels us to denounce their criminal liidillcrcncii to our wrongs, and hold them ns wu hold our legislature enemies to tho pro ducerto the monopolist friends. We, therefore, the producers of this State In our several counties assembled, on this the an niversary of that day that gave birth to a na tion of freemen nnd to n government of which, despite the corruption of lis olllcers, we are still so justly proud, appealing to (he Supreme Judge of the world for thu rectitude of our in tentions, do solcmly declare that wowillilsu all lawful and peaceable means to freo ourselves from the tyranny of monopoly, and that wu will never cease our efforts for reform until ovcry department of our government gives token that the reign of licentious extravagance is over, and something of the purity, houtsty and fru gality with which our fathers inaugurated it has taken its place. That lo tills end wo hereby declaro ourselves aluolutoly free and Independent of all past po litical connections, and that we will give our Hiill'riigu only to such men for olllce, from the lowest olllcer in the State to the J'resldent of the United States, us Wu have good reason to beliuto will use their, best endeavors to the pro motion of these chilli; and for the support of tliisileclaiatlou, with a llrm reliance oil Divine I'rotidi nee, wu mutually pledgu to inch other our lives, our fortunes and our sai red honor. Raspberries After Bearing. Our raspberries hae yielded up all of tluir sweet, juicy berries for (his season, excepting the ever bearing, mid wu have alieady com menced cutting out thu old, ami now uschss canes, to facilitate plowing among the now ones, to break up the earth, hardened by tho numer ous feet that have trodden upon It in gathering Ihu fruit. We have another object In plowing among the lllnck-Cnps, vl.: To lit the ground for layering the tips of the canes, which will be ready to commence in a few days, Wu have no faith iu thu doctrine, advanced two or tlino years since, by S. I'.. Todd, "that the ol,l cuius should be allowed to stand a while to admit of the sap's returning to the earth." Wu do not believe that any appcciablo amount would ever ri turn to thu earth, but that what ever did not evaporate would remain iu Ihu canes, Wu Mini n sharp sickle the best implement for culling out the old canes. They geuerally incline to one side, whilo the new ones stand more upright, and iu most eases one clip will sever an entire stool, wiien (hey may ho laid In gavels, and carried oil' with foiir-tiued forks. The layering of the tips of the canes is a work requiring considerable experience to in sine thu most perfect success. When they have sent out a long, wire-like growth without leaves, and thai growth has assumed a purple hue, they are in Ihu Isst condition lo layer. Wo take some of our most worn hoes, and saw oil' thu handle lo iIkiiiI a foot iu length, and use them for layeiiug. With the rigid hand wu stnko Ihu hoe, obliquely, Into the earth to the depth of nearly two inches, with tho left hand place the tip in position, and then dropping thu earth, lilted tip by the hoe upouthotip and compressing it with the back of (he hoe, thu work Is accomplished. As they ripen up grad ually, it is necessary to go several times over u plantation to layer all, and great care is ncccs sary to prevent tearing out with the feet those that have been layered. Those layered before the'JOth of August will gem rally be in proper condition to transplant by the middle o( October, by which time thev ought to bo good, strong roots, with n browuinli hue, and considerable solidity of texture, Vety joung roots of u pale, watereolor, brittle, unsubstantial, are unlit for transplanting. What we have wilttcn thus far applies main ly to those varii tics that are propagated from the lips. If wo culthalo ml, sprouting sorts alter the bearing season, we do it to keep the ground clear. and promote the furthtr growth of the canes, We question the policy of cultivat ing (or tie latter purpose. If the ground is ireo 01 grass and weeds, xo aro 01 Hie opinion that the oiues would ruvu better, and bo bel ter prepared to endure the rigors of winter, if not cultivated at all alter Hie trult Is gatheud. This is not mere theory with us, but is tho re sult of ob-en aliens of the ell'ects of thu two systems for v cars. We have seen the tenderer varittlesof Itubui lilmn, when cultivated iu the early part of the season, only, stand through the wiuter ttiiscatlud, while llioso le eching mellow culture, all through the season, weiu winter killed, fi'iinif Home. The Banana. F. Curtis, of Longviow, St. James, La., in a letter tb tho Prairie Farmer, Bays: The banana is not properly a tree, but a plant of leafy, succulent gTOwth, of the genus Musn, fl1lSCELLfiE0Js. Narrow Gauge Vindicated. For tho nast few years no subject, perhaps, Tho stalk is formed of the stems of tho leaves hos "icitei more discussion in engineering cir- Th(j couche wlll not jje so wiao as to allow tho two beds to one person. So.it happens that whilo tho present Pullman car weighs from 25 to 3J tons, it carries on on average but 15 cus tomers. The Denver and Rio Grando Com pany has not n length of road sufficient to require night trnvd, out when it has, sleeping cars will be introduced which will weigh less than 10 tons and accommodate zu travelers. In concentric layers, reaching with its leaves, a luftn lbls vled one 0I ue PrPer, w,ulu "' I sleeper to roll unoaRii y witu tae m "v o, height of 15 or lo feet, nnd oW or ten inches -llroad tracks. Argument , hnvo been ad tartjltollHg n th rknPM. nn,l rmdnln. t. ii,. vnnccd on either side, broad and narrow, in """"'' '.,,.. ,, ' ,i, u' woody From tbo center comes tho first bearing stem, which turns and grows downwards, Tho end of it has tho appcaraco of an car of corn, with purple shuck. This unfolds one leaf at a timo displaying two rows eight to twelvo of tiny tittle fruit, with its delicate blossoms, until it attains n length of two or three feet, covered with fruit. Tho leaves are n marvel for slzd nnd np ponrance, sometimes reaching a length of six feet and 18 inches in width, of n glossy pea- green, uuo root is perennial. It is large and Ikshy sometimes ,of tho sizo of half a bushel 1.1. .... aamT overwhelming profusion, without leading to M Bnii ..in ieaT0 nmnlo space for the aisle. conviction in case of n member of tho oppos- When n single person wishes, as frequently The narrow happens, especially in tno case oi lautes, to m ..lf . fitaa na n L"-lttf gaHuge party', on the one hand, have succeeded -.A A&& "" in proving to tueir own sausiacuuu .... ..-. Sj)ee(, a)d Safe,yi that tho general system nnd rolling stock of K g hoped fta gQod Bemo o ho j,ncg tho majority of existing roads are cumbrous, wlii preventany general increase in their speed, expensive and obsolete; while tho wido gauge nt least to any extent; hut trains havo been ran advocates havo decided tho revolutionary sys- during the past year on the Denver and Rio ...ii i .n i .i,.,.. ' Grande Hal road at 30 ond oven 40 miles per tern to bo slow, insecure nnd puerile In charac , Md ,t ,8 ,mp089ibIe to Ree why thcy . tcr. But actual exnerlment is what has been . i i. ilnnmnMa .,P,.psitv. Inprmn i.lr ln.uttA f J-tv4 l.lAltt4iAb4l &.....- .... . it - . 4. 4 ' .4 ......""" "uuicrous rooi- needed, to prove comparative merits annuo- present rates as reauny ns on tne wide gauge, lets half an inch in diameter. Irom tho main .. , .... on n irc0 BCale, In As regards safety, tho cars a no moro likely rootnro constantly springing numerous suckers, "nerits and experiment on n nrgo sea e , in h ou (he wIdo th'0 which go to form new plants. This being its order that deductions made from it may bo ut'ro o grttvity Uft9 been greatly lowered, modo of propagation, thcy can bo taken off to i general. This practical experience has nt This is confirmed by the year's cxperieuco on form low plantations, or remain, as may be,ienst been had in tho case of the Festiniog the road. A car on the wido gauge road.it is W"ln a suitable soil xvhleh should , ri,.l, nn.1 ' r,h"V in Wnlcs m,J ,ho Dcnver nml Rio , true, be made considerably wder ttnn it com- in n suitaoio son. xvnicn should no rieti nnd . .,..., B. 'tnonly is without this danger, hut that would moist, nnd troplcnl climate, it rtqtiiror. nbout Graudo R. R. of our own country. Severnl i rcqu0 broader auJ costiior road, nud iu tbo ono year to mature its fruit, from tho ilrst np- less important lines havo been constructed on practical transaction of the carrying trado tho tho narrow gnugo plan; wo propose now to : unit of tho grsss business, the car-load, has consider only thoqueslions iuvolvedaud points I provou to be already to largo. It wants to bo demonstrated iu tho very successful running of "d""d Vnho,i?TnCnlrVierA9,0,i! .. ,. , . J , , . , i respect in which tho uarrow-gaugo car is tho Denver nnd Rio Graudo road, as collected undoubtedly safer to travel iu than the from tho Into most interesting report. wide 'gauge, that is, iu tho reduclion Tho comnauv saved about 371 tier cent, in ' t momentum, which is tho measure - ' f i. .i.aIm.-i... r n. -...!.. j... l i Ul luu illiuvuio ui n. viiii.uk US uvuuwuv as tno concussion pearanee of the plant. Each stalk bears but one bunch of fruit. When it is gathered tho stalk is cut down. Ten feet apart is a good dislancu to plant them. This gives over '100 per acre, and the second year, there will bo 10 or 12 plants to each hill, uud soon will occupy most oi tne ground. Alter tuo ilrst year thcy require but liltlu cultivation, the old stalks nnd leaves acting as mulch nnd manure. Under IHU llfSl L'UPl Ul I'UUSIIUCIIUU UUU IMIUlllUJClll I ... t 1 Z. ....11 favorable conditions, there Is no cessation of j of Its road by reason of the-adoption of a " ""E'.' " X M tLMwrTfmmiE growth. New plants and ripo fruit are- found ' gauge of 3 feet instead of 1 feet tiV, inches. To''g 'J"1'0 at all times, and n plantation once started lasts Th U is n dear Having because the road is J ffi f ,0 "n"J( 'is' .bable that no plant was evercultlvat- S3l? i '.hough' it &ee of the tZZ ed that will yield ...o,u food per acre, or result "ide. 'gauge. Tl re lwr car 1it proren , 2" M?S , VbZr " i there Is a raiiaonnuio nun m iciisi us sieauy in ridiug as ' . ,. is claimed from tho rrylng enpneity of n enr i on wido-cauco roads. It . ... . ....!'... ... n... ...... i . ....i. l.. i .i.. .. soirenuentiy uas to uo narua uv loaueu in tno is wouiiiKivo over , iiuu ouncnes . ' ' .um.-n.-u mm uuu i . ,.-, .- ..... ".,. . s .... i.."r .. " . . .-. .-111 II.. 11.1 111 !.. ll.i IIII1L1 I I'll I. I ll'Itll IV HIirHIIII' III I II II1IBII1I1UB per acre. Jlany of thesu w III con an over 100 count nanny occur iniii wouiu uo traceauio to , ;, -".; ,, r ,? ?..; ii i, ...- r..Ti-. t fruit. It is nfavoiltu food In tropical countries, tbo gauge. Iu addition to Drst and second , M. ???LdJi! ...i "." 'L'!"?...!?"0.',..?.1. in greater prollt to thu owner, vvlicr market for it. It is easily nnd cheaply gathered, i 'oso ou tho wider roads, and thu freight cars :" ,,.... Bli fnn i r.. i . i1 .r v.,. .. I 1 1. ...... n...i.i.i o..ituf.. .......it.. ..ii ..l....,,..., nr .-..m.. A positive advautaco requiring no jincKngcs, nuii nears iiaiiiiiing nuu i ...... w.... o.........v """"" """,v' reduction of tho ca transportation well. Ten bunches n yenr per bulky nnd concentrated. There has been no ' ,, ',"!,,, ,, ,, ,. I 111 1 . ..I. . ... .. I . ,.. -.11 . - - . ,.AA. !.., .... II... n.,l n.i.l 11. a M.nl.n nt n.....l... OClOW W Ultt 11 UOW III ill ii is ii i iir I'siiiiinin lor inn viLMii ni n unn.i m-i;iiii.iii ... ihu iiahi, ,.,... .uu w....u u, k.h.i.v i yield of n cooi plantation. This would givo over 4,000 bunches and always in demand nt the seaport towns for elass passengers, tho road has carried during "ilw shipment. Thcro nro somu peo lo, no doubt, thu past venr freight of great variety iu char-' X i" "', ' ??l i iImp'i 1Z 11?$ wh!. llvu on bananas nlonoj 'but it is no act.r. Ilesldes heavy nrticles.-coal, ores. .Ji?"0'. probable that any great amount of work can stone, lumber, iron, hardware, grain, ctc.,-lt J"ffi.,1n TMa.l , Jn, & X " IJnlJU lie got out of ii doenof that fruit n day. 1ms carried wool, furniture, hay. wagons, nnd '"l"S'B-n-,',,Jft'"Siifre,?i,tt0i K..nii...r.. l.'h.rl.l,. .,...i........rti.(.i...itn., iia other freicht of the lichtest nnd most bulky B.mo extent. Tlw railroads in tho United n,.,i.i( iivn ..mv..,l in l. .iitini.i., o.i .,rfiinl.in linturo: while, of course, on this last pXiint. tliu htates carry ot least four times as much total for the culluru of thu banana, and Instances aru benelll derived from tho gauge by tho saving in I wc But J'011"' ..ns 0I "I'S"1 ,0- ... ...-.. - . ' . iitiir u'.rn uiiinnn dean car weigut uas not ueen so great, yet i . , y , ""' liielilloneil where the reeeiiits havo been over $3,000 per year from it single acre, including tluru is no class of freight upon which the some plants sold. Thu southern pnrt-of Call iforula is also said to bo well suited to its growth. These aro tho only parts of thu United States where It can be grown successfully. Hire it requires two years to perfect itself, and without winter protection, seldom matures it fruit. If tho car tiler, much unnecessary lianllntr would bo saved. For local trade especially, which constitutes tho bulk of business on almost every American railroad, a great advan tage would bo gained, savlug time, sido-track room, besides dead weicht. Tho capacity of ars. i tho uarrow-gaugo car oven exceeds tho nvcrnco Willi concentrated or heavy freight, which actual load of tho broad-gaugo car. proportion nl paying to non-paving weiuht has not been in favor of the narrow gauge ns com pared with the wide. Diseases in Hogs. . i. ...... ...i.i. i.:.ii ..ii .: .. .. cousuiuicHuiiiiiis, iinuu ui'iii 13-mi riinruatis, 1110 great bulk of tho tonnage to bo transported, tho adviiutago realized has been 3.1 per cent. That 1 is to say, tlilrty-livo hundredths moru freight has been regularly carried ou tho narrow-1 : stocK, witn tuo samo total weight load as ou tho broad-gaugo. This To Is) contlnuixl.) Dried Fruits in New York. Hero is whnt Davis ,fc Sutton, commission merchants, 75 Wnrreu street, New York, say imS can bo most readily seen by observing n train about dried fruits, under dato of Aug. Oth: down iu the loin. For mango wash well with m V'T" "..f .v . " . : WL "nj "' ,0.lm Dried apples nro very firm; sliced t -,. !,... nf !..- C....M lit.... J there are but threo diseases In hugs requiring "?",'"; 'r, , treatment, which aro mange, cholera and w onus cl' "''j, in tliu l.ldiieys, coiiim 'ii 111 tne nuns. 1-or inanuo wash well with " v. v." ......:, 'ji j;rf:.:: ' "7 ' wneit annics aro very urm: sliced aro lyu soap, and then pot liquor. Foreliolera.it ," , ' '.."..' ''.' ""1 .f.i. ZZ.7.1. '..":. uigUcr, and choico VVostcrn nnd Southern you know the disease, as soon as you see the ""K,t i ','.'' "1 ftin n i iY 11 ' qiwrtew havo nlso favored tho sellor; tho do- hog begin to droop and try to voiuft. gag him, ft""' nJ I'-Kh U nl.ieLl t So J'. ,"n,ld is VaTli! ,rom Morters nnd partly spec ,,i.dgivuhli.itwei.tygrali.sofcaloniel..mdeinlo '" " '"'"J 'W-hloh I Z'S u,fttlvo' Thcro is no stock of pooled peaches a pill. If you have tUu In the habit of giving ' V " fs Vn'?, nS' lJ 2? S ottctitt!' but our Q"ons, which nre'higher, yilur hogs spirits of turpentine, nt the Ala Jf W. ZtaKlLlZtT, I -?? doubtless bo obtained and perhaps f2o 1.1 .till In n.l.l. vntt .-- . " -. .........- mnrn mr IlilSirnil A Oin.V- Otlll na ... ......ba.. . !' ... vw..., ..... ;,. , ........ ., .... .-... ... 1 1-. mill uiirn inu yi. iii-.i.ieu.iv 11m luuueu one teaspoonful to tle bog, put in corn; you will lie rarely troniucd Willi tins lalal disease mnrn fnr .InatrnlilA aln.V ollll na .!. A.....A.. . "-'-' - -' --' .wv, nun, u. ,uv jjmca 10 (fivpn fnr Ilif.m nrn nnt linan.l nnnn aaa... nlAa ?.- . ... -"., . " """: """ "'. tlir.lFrni.nriK. Ill wlilcli nvmit thn nnrrnw.mittnA 11 tnu nrst nose 01 eaiomei noes not relieve in ::"i ""L-: ,::,-,i7.,,.r ,,,rrr' . ff ,u ma) " considered nominal. Unpcelod twenly-four hours, repeat the dose. . I rarely J'li'.yJKXilS&lV.-llfSh. t5? l'hes are decidedly higher; Sy.o is 'freely have to repeat it if ndinlnlstcred In line. We '" " cr Jf, 'r,0"1" v lS. -tSff. Wff Ioatl o'lVred for prime halves. Quarters nro salable sometimes see hogs dragging (heir hind legs. ?' S'fMi0?" '"Sv'Ji.'h . ?",,S ,?' nt7c- Cherries nro scarce and higher. P urns This Is caused by worms it. the kidney, uud r1,1 r' "" ,di 1, l,iv i?,?.l 'L"n tU ore decidedly higher. There is no business in ...ay Ini easily cured by giving a teaspooi.f .1 of brn,,-Rft "rfT ''I' "' UJ? ' f'1,,-,,,i. , , , raspberries.' Tile cause of tho strength of tho lurpentiue every morning for three or four days o l"' Be tor nny lench o 1 mo "i01 h !ho BouornI -,r08P!ct of a &M "J?p should havo the turpentlno at least twl'co it "".Tf!.? Ai-M... W.te, 18T1. .ll,l . week while feeding or. this mash. F.very hog meul" u .r.,""!.11 J 1 f"?J pfoportion to AK:Hlto:lM:quSls;.::::.": ::::: 7 feeder should keep 11 lmtlle of tho spirits of tur- "?" "", ""'"."' , ?,,,. SilT . ? 1 Ure a ,'!; ' ".'h'X ' lSH'iiH ii.uiiin,. mi. I L.U.. It fimiklnniillv iliniiii.li il... '"'" heavy; nnd further, it is n well known M'V i,Houllifni,llcl, 187J I ...r ', iihdlt 1 0lt3 3i,. '"ct In ecfiniilc, that small structures nro 1W'".Svu"n' ""-, v.ar. Ini will ilnd it 11 great lieiiellt to thu hogs. , ... ,' 1)rollor,ou . ,.,piP .,,,, Jll '"'9-. "''.".l,r.""e.- 1 nave practiced tins lor twenty years succcess- :, ,. '., '" ' ,rl. ir . b ... .... .o... ui., pniei, rnnic 13 full ltheenistobunsiieiille euro for nil hoc bau large ones, rho cars havu proved largo lvachm, 1873. ni.,w led, flrtoeoa.t 8 ii!v,.J- ' euruiornn noj, , h to Cllrry CVfU lln ni0Ht bulky kintin of fcj.., js7j.yi..ii,i,f.i, toS.xxi:::::::i? ll,t'-1 . fr.Inl.l. siicli ns wool, fiiriillnrn. ..tn. TaIIIo ! ", 183, V., hM, iHwr to flr 8 TlIK KAMlAUOlV VlSK OK AUSTUAMA. Tho habits of this giant climber (C'tenM iiHliircfuii) are graphically descrilcd by n writer in tho " Gardeners' Monthly." Ho saw one of these vines, which was almost seven hundred feet iu length and measured three feet and nine Inches iu gitth at thu base. It had first enfolded iu its and horses cau bo carried nnd nlthongh tho iviiii;i87i;uni.eeiea',nu"rtcr;'.' 0 road is not yet constructed sufficiently far south lilnckU rrle. prim ...,.'.'.". 8 In nlilnln iiiilcb ratlin lillsllinsa. -. In limn Clurrln. BUte. 1873. rsr lb 17 .. ..... . !c. .. fi,ni. u a. ....I...... . . .- v. his may he looked for as furnishing n largo &", B,3iVK" """""Zl'' a w tratllc, and tho road is preparing for it. Tho rium. isn, Vimtbern. mr lb... .....' to ttu 9 (s 8 0 a 9 13 (dlS (vlO an U10 (. Mi ( 7 (I) (619 stock cars already built aro by, feet wide. 28 feet long, weigh 8500 poutnU, nnd carry nine Head or cattle, mo animals stand lengthwiso llui'U rrloi, 1871, lr lb. , Now, what is thero to (til (iJJO provent California .Icadly eml.race a tree o( considerable size, Hut j(. ,, crtr blcb is better for them than HMUUnB " 'rgo surplus of theso fruits to n n! uliinemn h"d butli splll'cXmo ' v'in " W tUeuedveTmo" Vork market, but our inability or neglect tlyo u'ndfee In'high ft Irn;!i!i;eLhuol7hV?eUc?LC.nri!.0-70,i,rimft! t0?7 thB,? Y Cetta'U,y lU 'rulU- mil of which the huge climber had sent out its '?, .. Sii ! g B" 1Jj7 lbs-n,ul and it only needs tho outcn.rlso to put them : .1 :.. ..rY-: .,i ii.. .. llArrOW-ClkUCe. Oil lbs, nttnn t in mtirbnf n,.Hn V. V-!i. .1..- i.. ruiiiiuuiiiii'iia iu u iuiiuuiiu nuu iur .til it , I,ul fliorl cattlo tho cars aro wido enough nil that vast region between tho Missouri Kivor linion to carry the cnttln in the usual way. in whleh-1 ,,,,,1 the I'.iclflo Coast, besides supplying the make it too ter.lble for ll.o p.sqilo to d.tre engage iu any legal couiiict wiin ineiii, They have combined together to destroy com petition and to practice nil tliilust discrimiu ntion, ounlrary to thu impressed pmvUIoiis of our constitution and thu spirit of our law. They l.uvo virtually cut off our trado with distant parts of the world by their unjust ills, criminations mid by their cvorbitstit rates of freight, forcing upon us the altemath e of ac cumulating upon our baud iiMotthli surplus, or of giving (hrev-fouidis of Ihu price our cus. turners pay for our products for their transpor tation. Under the false uud specious pretence of developing the country, thev bve obtained euormoui granta of public lauda from Cougreaa, and now rvtwrd rather tlmu develop It acttle uient, by the high price charg.sl for such laud. They have converted the bond fraudulently Tiik Pottkiiv Tiikk,- Aiming the many won derlul vi'getiiblu pnslucts of llntil, the pottery Ireo of l'aia U not the least woithy of note. This tree, the Jiilrd ulil. of Kilauists, at talus a bight of one hundred feet before send ing out branches. The stem l very slender. seldom much exceeding one foot In diameter at the Imso. The w 00.1 i very hard and con tains a very large amount of silica not so much, however, ns the Kirk, which Is largely eiiip.uviM as 11 source in silica 11. tne mauuinc turn of pottery. In priqiariiig the Imrk for the (siller a use, it is urt tiurutsl, and the reaidue is Iheu pulverutsl nnd mixed with clay in vary ing pitqtortiotia. With atl ispial quantity of the two ingredleuts n superior quality of ware is produced. It is very durable, mid will bear almost any amount of heat. The uatives em ploy it for all manner of culinary purKises. When fresh the Kirk cuts like soft aatiiMone, and Iho presence of the silex may bo readily ascertained by grludlng a piece of the Uitk K tweeu tho teeth. When dry it is generally brittle, though sometimea Imnl to break. After being buruvd, if of good quality it cannot be broken up between the tlngera, a pestle and mortar belug required to crush it. than nuu hundred and thirty feet, tin 1... 1 ...I........ , .. 1.1 .1. ! Ii our au.hoCTdha't U "vrlSil "mil ."S '" ! ' SS?? J? .TJ ' cSroruIrVoTiu". sensV supported It on its way to the eucalyptus had """? " """'" """ "' '" muu U! luu UIvnu' perished by straugulation. Hou.imedlhu vine h""hl' Passcnner Cars Steam On Common Roads. tun nevus corKscrew, Aiounu mo eucn- . , lyptu the vino had wound lu .overal coils, and , Ibo cars aro eomfortablo, well ventilated, then thrown out a umuWr of stems, which inininomeiy niict up, nuu tno -jj.isjo p.isseu. were grasping all thu trees in the neighborhood gers who passed over the road last year cer 01 us It tui ul march. I Tho whole futuro of tho application of steam to common roads cloarly lies in tho improve- tninly rode ns steadily, nnd, ns far ns could bo meut, not of tho engine, but of tho road. In judged, nuogeiner ns satlsinctonly ns on nny tho samo wny ns rails must bo laid down before n l.iu-illlu i.N.ii. As funis space is concerned. i.. .1... 1 .i . . .. v . -. .. .....u.iju hid lUL'uuiiiii. 1. kn iiiiiki nni.it...n .aa.ij iiistruuieiit devised bvinan compares with it luowimlo passenger travel ot ldiropo is car- ,".,,,...,' ...... -"" O.sn's Hash, It Is a profound study. No iistrumeiii devised iy 1111111 compares with it for complication. It is a hammer, n vice, a forceps, a honk, a spring, 11 weight; it pushes, draws 111, mid the tlugera nlouo contain ele ments of chisels, gouges, mid all the tools a sculptor n quires in modeling. From tho elbow to the digital extremities Its movements are . ..1 .1 1 .1.. .w.. ..1..., c It II1U.. .U.-.I 111 1I.-..I.J III. ...llV..-9. OW 1U1UIII1- , , if ---.--.. .. .....w, .-., ...v wiled is the cordage of 11 human baud, expert wdow, makes it much easier to fill nil tho anatomists cm nanny Keep 111 rciuemnrnnce '" inf 11,0 old nroblpinnf mmK-ltineinm tnn....nn its intricate mechaui.m. With it nil the l:uu h". 8,4 " "t occnple.1 on tho I01 "oidl.rowemofnpplj iug steam to common emotions of tho mind may be both mani- average Iu wlde-gauge cars. A certain number 1 om ""!" w oe louud in tne general uso tested mid intensified, How could n French- 01 passengers nro acquainted, ami wish to sit I of the steam road roller. Tho steam roller man I the soul 1 signs. rlcd in compartment cars, practically less Uo wndercd able to benr heavy weights, nnd roomy nud not uenrly ns well ventilated. The have given them n hard, level surface, ono op- first-class 1 cars bwit 3 passengers across the proachlng ns near ns possiblo that of tho rail width of the cars. two on ono bidoof the a slo .,i.in q-i, ,.., n.u n,.., , . , nnd one on the other,-nn nrrangement which, a lh, uoftrr th'8 comli,io" of hardness by increasing the projiortion of passengers who " "W'roacheil, tho more oxtendod will bo the can have seats bv themselves and adjoining tho uso of steam on common roads. Theso premises being granted, tho solution talk wiih his hands tied? The baud is 'uo "J iei oiuers preier to 00 oioue. 1U must ureceilo the steam traction enrfne. Vr. prime Minister of the brain. It is tho dimcuit nv supervisiou to stow away passengers I nerienco shows that the iir- nf rnn.i n,vi., . ngent in the iiccouipliiduucnt of its de- ' one would freight: tho traveler taking one and maintenauco gives us a hard, level surface It isii wonder of wonders. . am. iisciiriHi-wigtueotner, thus prevent- Uot liable to sink and toko nits under the " K '"""";"' ,,1,uo. "rauopied oy me company vrheels, iiud nffording more than sufficient ad DisGAkM or SiiKH-.-A correspondent asks "''I'.1'", . 8U ' ,ue nverage conditions of Utsion for propulsion with smooth wheels. 1 na J""" """ '""u ""' '" The possibility of npnlviuff steam in this for the best works ou diseases of sheep adapted to this climate. e know of no work Tho first-class narrow.cauea car is 7 f.d 3: of the kind 1 specially applicable to our 1'acitlc inches wide inside; 35 feet tj iuches long, coast climates; but one of the best we are ac quainted with, is! lie Practical Shepherd, bv 11, S. Kaudall. It cau bo obtaimxl of 1). I). T. Jloore, Kochcstcr, N. Y, J. It. Liiipiucott .t Co., l'hiladelphla, uud proUtbly of Isxik sel lers lu S.iu Francisco. weighs "H tons net. and seats 30 nassencers. au nvenige.of 117 pounds of car-weight to ouo passenger. The broad-gauge day-car weighs 1UJ-J tons, nnd can seat 50 passengers, an average of CUd pound of car-weight to OUO 1HTHOU. Sleeping Cart. OorTONwoon Sctuu IUbukw, Tho Sacra- Slecplug cars aro usetl with much greater meuto Valley Meet Sugar Company uro having advantage than on the wide gauge, because al the barrels to hold this year's product of sugar though people uukuown to each other can luanufactred iu this city from native cotton-, generally with tome effort be made to sit on wood timber, The barrels present a moat , the tame seat, they cannot well be mode to pleating appearance, the wood being white ' sleep in the same bed. The practical result it and firm and without any odor ot any kind j that the traveler pays for two beds and the that cau be imparted to the sugar. iiVconi, railways carry Uie extra weight and width for way would uive ns what tuicbt be termed a uuiveraal tramroad, rendering available for steam-power over 200,000 miles of macadam ized roads. Much iu this sense was n passago iu tho lato publio speech of such an experienced Engineer as Sir Joseph Whitworth, in which he pointed to the improvement of common roads rather than the extension of tramways. The roads are thero, and their improvement oy the process, involving an outlay of capital, ac tually greatly reduoes the cost of their main tenance. In oar special caae, the employment ot an engine on common roiada, able to move about with facility, also mean the application' ot aUaaa to the ooBveyanoe ot stone from the radons deposit along the road; to break it np and taking It to ita required destination before lolling down. mtrioan Enginttr, ff x I