. 'c.j "vG"
2
WILLAMETTE FARMER.
Farmers' Declaration of Independence.
When in tho course of human events, it be
comes necessary (or a class of pcoplo, suffering
from long continued systems of oppression nnd
nbuso, to rouso themselves from an apathetio
indlffcrcnco to their own intorosts, whloh ban
bocomo habitual; to nssumo among thoir follow
citizens that equal station, nnd demand from
tho government thoy support, those equal
rights to which tho laws of nature, and of
naturo's God entitles them; u descent respect
for tho opinions of mankind requires that thoy
declaro tho causo that impel them to n course
ho necessary to their own protection,
Wo hold thcBo truths to bo golf evident, that
nil men aro created equal, that thoy nro on
dowed by their Creator with certain luallena
bio rights; that nmong theso uro Hfo, liberty,
nnd tho pursuit of hnppiness. That to secure
thoso rights governments aro instituted among
men, deriving their just powers from tho con
sont of tho governed, Hint whenever tho pow
ers of n government becomo destructive of
theso, either through tho injustice or inclllclcn
cy of its laws, or through the corruption of its
administrators, it is thu right of tho people to
aboliHh such laws, and Institute such reforms
lis to litem shall seem most likely to effect
their safety and liniuilncvH. 1'ruilonco Imbm!
will dictato that lauvi long established shall not
Uo changed tor light tiil trilling causes, and
accordingly, all cxpotloucu hath shown that
mankind are morn disposed to stiller wltllo evils
nro tmll'crablo, than to righttheiiiselvesby abol
ishing thu lawH to which they nro accustomed.
Hut when a long train of abuses and usurpa
tions, pursuing Invariably tho samo object,
evinces a desire to reduce a people under thu
nbuolutu despotism of combinations, that, under
tho fostering rare of government, and with
woallli wrung fiom thu people, have grown to
such gigantic proportions as to overshadow all
tho land, and wield an almost Irresistible inllti
euro for their own selfish purposes, in nil its
halls of legislation, it is their right -It is their
duty to throw oir such tyranny, and provide
new guards for their future security.
Kuch has been thu patient sulluranco of thu
producing classes of these stales, and such Is
now the necessity which compels them to de
claro that they will use every means hiivu ii re
sort to arms to overthrow this despotism of
monopoly, and to reduce all men claiming the
protection of American laws to an equality bo
' fore those laws, making the owner of n rail
road as aineliiiblu thereto as thu " veriest beg
gar that walks the streets, thu sun and air Ills
solo Inheritance,"
The history of the present railway monopoly
Is a history of repeated injuries ami oppres
sion, all having in direct object the establish
monl of an absolute tyranny over the people of
these stales unequalled in any monarchy of
Hie Old World, and having its only parallel in
tun History 01 too .licmovai agvs, when the
strong hand was the only law, and tlm high
way a of commerce were taxed by the Feudal
llarons, who from their strongholds, surround
ed by their armies of vassals, could levy such
tribute upon the traveler in their own wills
alone should dictate. To prove this, let fact
be submitted to it candid win Id:
They have Inllueiieeil our executive olllcers,
to refuse their assent to laws the most whole
some and necessary for thu public good, and
when such laws have been passed they have
utterly refused to obey them.
They have procured the passage of other
laws'awr their own benefit alone, by which
they have put untold millions into their own
collers, to the Injury of the entire commercial
nod industrial interests of thu country.
They havii inllueiieeil legislation' to suit
themselves, by bribing venal legislators to be
tray the true interests of their coiihlltiielils,
while others hnvo been kept quiet by the com
pliment of free pases.
They have repeatedly prevented the re-eleo-(lull
of representatives, for opposing with
manly tlruiuoHS, their Invasion of thu people's
rights.
They have by false representations nnd sub
terfuge induced the people to subscribe funds
lobulld roads, whorfe rates, when built, are so ex
orbitant, that in ninny instances transportation
by private con vjanco Is less burdensome.
They have procured charters by which they
condemn and appropriate our lauds without
adequate compensation therefor, and arrogantly
claim that by virtue of these diallers they are
absolutely above the control of legal enact
ments. They have procured a law of congress by
which they have dispossessed hundreds of farm
ers of thu homes tiat by yeais of toll they have
built up; have induced others to mortgage their
farms for roads never intended to be built, mid
after squandering the money thus obtained,
have left thtir victims to thu mercy id courts
over which they held absolute sway.
They hnvo nhstilietcd the administration of
justice by Injunctions procured from venal
judges, by legal quibbles and appeals from
court to court, with intent to wear out or ruin
the prosecutor, openly avowing their dctcrmiu
lion to make It so terrible for the public to
prosecute Ihcni that they wilt not dure under
take it.
They have virtually made judges dcpcudint
on their will alone, and have procured their
appointment for the express purpose of rcicrs
lug a decision of the highest court of the nation,
by which uillllaliH were gained to them, to the
injury of the holders of the bonds and the
breaking down this last safi guard of Aim rioml
freemen.
They have atVcctcd to render themselves In.
deHuilent of and superior to (he civil jsiwer
by oidering large IsMhs of hireling to enfoice
their unlawful exactions, mid have piotivtcd
them from punishment for an - injury they
might Indict upon peaceful cilleus, while
ejecting them from (heir conveyances for re
fusing to pay more than thu rate of fare pro
scribed by law.
They have arrested and summoned from their
homes for trial, at distant iioiuts, other citizens
for the Mime otlcneo of refusing to pay more
than the legal fare, putting them to as great
inconvenience and expense as possible, and
still lurllicr evincing their determination to
obtained from the government, into n groat
corruption fund, with which tbey aro enabled
to bribo nnd control legislatures, and subvert
ovcry branch of government to their own base
nnd sordid purpose
They havo increased the already intolerable
burden of taxation, which tho people, havo to
enduro, compared with which the tea and
stamp tax which precipitated tho wnr of the
revolution, seems utterly inslgnillcntit, by tho
appropriation of money from tho public treas
ury, whilo thoy havo escaped taxation them
selves by evading and violating tho expressed
provisions of thtir charters.
In every stago of fheso oppressions wo have
petitioned our legislatures for redress in the
most httmblo terms. Our repeated petitions
havo been answered only by silonco, or by at
tempts to frame laws that shall seem to meet
our wants, but that aro, in fact, only a h gal
snare for courts to disagree upon nnd for cor
porations to disobey.
Nor havo wo been wanting in attempts to
obtnln redross through Congress. We havo
warned them from time to time of these vari
ous and repeated encroachments -upon our
rights; we havo reminded them of tho circum
stances of our emigration and settlement
here: wo havo annealed to them as the admin
istrators of a freo and impartial government, to
protect us from theso encroachments, which,
if continued, would inevitably end iu tho utter
destruction of those liberties for which our
fathers gave their lives, and tho reinstatement
of privileged classes and an aristocracy of
wealth, worse than that from which tho war of
the revolution freed us. They too havo been
deaf to the voicu of justice and of duty. Wo
must thereforencqulesco iu tho necessity
which compels us to denounce their criminal
liidillcrcncii to our wrongs, and hold them ns
wu hold our legislature enemies to tho pro
ducerto the monopolist friends.
We, therefore, the producers of this State In
our several counties assembled, on this the an
niversary of that day that gave birth to a na
tion of freemen nnd to n government of which,
despite the corruption of lis olllcers, we are
still so justly proud, appealing to (he Supreme
Judge of the world for thu rectitude of our in
tentions, do solcmly declare that wowillilsu all
lawful and peaceable means to freo ourselves
from the tyranny of monopoly, and that wu will
never cease our efforts for reform until ovcry
department of our government gives token that
the reign of licentious extravagance is over,
and something of the purity, houtsty and fru
gality with which our fathers inaugurated it
has taken its place.
That lo tills end wo hereby declaro ourselves
aluolutoly free and Independent of all past po
litical connections, and that we will give our
Hiill'riigu only to such men for olllce, from the
lowest olllcer in the State to the J'resldent of
the United States, us Wu have good reason to
beliuto will use their, best endeavors to the pro
motion of these chilli; and for the support of
tliisileclaiatlou, with a llrm reliance oil Divine
I'rotidi nee, wu mutually pledgu to inch other
our lives, our fortunes and our sai red honor.
Raspberries After Bearing.
Our raspberries hae yielded up all of tluir
sweet, juicy berries for (his season, excepting
the ever bearing, mid wu have alieady com
menced cutting out thu old, ami now uschss
canes, to facilitate plowing among the now ones,
to break up the earth, hardened by tho numer
ous feet that have trodden upon It in gathering
Ihu fruit. We have another object In plowing
among the lllnck-Cnps, vl.: To lit the ground
for layering the tips of the canes, which will be
ready to commence in a few days,
Wu have no faith iu thu doctrine, advanced
two or tlino years since, by S. I'.. Todd, "that
the ol,l cuius should be allowed to stand a while
to admit of the sap's returning to the earth."
Wu do not believe that any appcciablo amount
would ever ri turn to thu earth, but that what
ever did not evaporate would remain iu Ihu
canes,
Wu Mini n sharp sickle the best implement
for culling out the old canes. They geuerally
incline to one side, whilo the new ones stand
more upright, and iu most eases one clip will
sever an entire stool, wiien (hey may ho laid In
gavels, and carried oil' with foiir-tiued forks.
The layering of the tips of the canes is a
work requiring considerable experience to in
sine thu most perfect success. When they
have sent out a long, wire-like growth without
leaves, and thai growth has assumed a purple
hue, they are in Ihu Isst condition lo layer.
Wo take some of our most worn hoes, and saw
oil' thu handle lo iIkiiiI a foot iu length, and
use them for layeiiug. With the rigid hand wu
stnko Ihu hoe, obliquely, Into the earth to the
depth of nearly two inches, with tho left hand
place the tip in position, and then dropping
thu earth, lilted tip by the hoe upouthotip and
compressing it with the back of (he hoe, thu
work Is accomplished. As they ripen up grad
ually, it is necessary to go several times over u
plantation to layer all, and great care is ncccs
sary to prevent tearing out with the feet those
that have been layered.
Those layered before the'JOth of August will
gem rally be in proper condition to transplant
by the middle o( October, by which time thev
ought to bo good, strong roots, with n browuinli
hue, and considerable solidity of texture,
Vety joung roots of u pale, watereolor, brittle,
unsubstantial, are unlit for transplanting.
What we have wilttcn thus far applies main
ly to those varii tics that are propagated from
the lips. If wo culthalo ml, sprouting sorts
alter the bearing season, we do it to keep the
ground clear. and promote the furthtr growth of
the canes, We question the policy of cultivat
ing (or tie latter purpose. If the ground is
ireo 01 grass and weeds, xo aro 01 Hie opinion
that the oiues would ruvu better, and bo bel
ter prepared to endure the rigors of winter, if
not cultivated at all alter Hie trult Is gatheud.
This is not mere theory with us, but is tho re
sult of ob-en aliens of the ell'ects of thu two
systems for v cars. We have seen the tenderer
varittlesof Itubui lilmn, when cultivated iu
the early part of the season, only, stand
through the wiuter ttiiscatlud, while llioso le
eching mellow culture, all through the season,
weiu winter killed, fi'iinif Home.
The Banana.
F. Curtis, of Longviow, St. James, La., in a
letter tb tho Prairie Farmer, Bays:
The banana is not properly a tree, but a plant
of leafy, succulent gTOwth, of the genus Musn,
fl1lSCELLfiE0Js.
Narrow Gauge Vindicated.
For tho nast few years no subject, perhaps,
Tho stalk is formed of the stems of tho leaves hos "icitei more discussion in engineering cir- Th(j couche wlll not jje so wiao as to allow tho
two beds to one person. So.it happens that
whilo tho present Pullman car weighs from 25
to 3J tons, it carries on on average but 15 cus
tomers. The Denver and Rio Grando Com
pany has not n length of road sufficient to
require night trnvd, out when it has, sleeping
cars will be introduced which will weigh less
than 10 tons and accommodate zu travelers.
In concentric layers, reaching with its leaves, a luftn lbls vled one 0I ue PrPer, w,ulu "' I sleeper to roll unoaRii y witu tae m "v o,
height of 15 or lo feet, nnd oW or ten inches -llroad tracks. Argument , hnvo been ad tartjltollHg
n th rknPM. nn,l rmdnln. t. ii,. vnnccd on either side, broad and narrow, in """"'' '.,,.. ,, ' ,i, u'
woody
From tbo center comes tho first bearing stem,
which turns and grows downwards, Tho end
of it has tho appcaraco of an car of corn, with
purple shuck. This unfolds one leaf at a timo
displaying two rows eight to twelvo of tiny
tittle fruit, with its delicate blossoms, until it
attains n length of two or three feet, covered with
fruit. Tho leaves are n marvel for slzd nnd np
ponrance, sometimes reaching a length of six
feet and 18 inches in width, of n glossy pea-
green, uuo root is perennial. It is large and
Ikshy sometimes ,of tho sizo of half a bushel
1.1. .... aamT
overwhelming profusion, without leading to M Bnii ..in ieaT0 nmnlo space for the aisle.
conviction in case of n member of tho oppos- When n single person wishes, as frequently
The narrow happens, especially in tno case oi lautes, to
m ..lf . fitaa na n L"-lttf
gaHuge party', on the one hand, have succeeded -.A A&& ""
in proving to tueir own sausiacuuu .... ..-. Sj)ee(, a)d Safe,yi
that tho general system nnd rolling stock of K g hoped fta gQod Bemo o ho j,ncg
tho majority of existing roads are cumbrous, wlii preventany general increase in their speed,
expensive and obsolete; while tho wido gauge nt least to any extent; hut trains havo been ran
advocates havo decided tho revolutionary sys- during the past year on the Denver and Rio
...ii i .n i .i,.,.. ' Grande Hal road at 30 ond oven 40 miles per
tern to bo slow, insecure nnd puerile In charac , Md ,t ,8 ,mp089ibIe to Ree why thcy .
tcr. But actual exnerlment is what has been . i i. ilnnmnMa .,P,.psitv. Inprmn i.lr
ln.uttA f J-tv4 l.lAltt4iAb4l &.....- .... . it - . 4. 4 ' .4
......""" "uuicrous rooi- needed, to prove comparative merits annuo- present rates as reauny ns on tne wide gauge,
lets half an inch in diameter. Irom tho main .. , .... on n irc0 BCale, In As regards safety, tho cars a no moro likely
rootnro constantly springing numerous suckers, "nerits and experiment on n nrgo sea e , in h ou (he wIdo th'0
which go to form new plants. This being its order that deductions made from it may bo ut'ro o grttvity Uft9 been greatly lowered,
modo of propagation, thcy can bo taken off to i general. This practical experience has nt This is confirmed by the year's cxperieuco on
form low plantations, or remain, as may be,ienst been had in tho case of the Festiniog the road. A car on the wido gauge road.it is
W"ln a suitable soil xvhleh should , ri,.l, nn.1 ' r,h"V in Wnlcs m,J ,ho Dcnver nml Rio , true, be made considerably wder ttnn it com-
in n suitaoio son. xvnicn should no rieti nnd . .,..., B. 'tnonly is without this danger, hut that would
moist, nnd troplcnl climate, it rtqtiiror. nbout Graudo R. R. of our own country. Severnl i rcqu0 broader auJ costiior road, nud iu tbo
ono year to mature its fruit, from tho ilrst np- less important lines havo been constructed on practical transaction of the carrying trado tho
tho narrow gnugo plan; wo propose now to : unit of tho grsss business, the car-load, has
consider only thoqueslions iuvolvedaud points I provou to be already to largo. It wants to bo
demonstrated iu tho very successful running of "d""d Vnho,i?TnCnlrVierA9,0,i!
.. ,. , . J , , . , i respect in which tho uarrow-gaugo car is
tho Denver nnd Rio Graudo road, as collected undoubtedly safer to travel iu than the
from tho Into most interesting report. wide 'gauge, that is, iu tho reduclion
Tho comnauv saved about 371 tier cent, in ' t momentum, which is tho measure
- ' f i. .i.aIm.-i... r n. -...!.. j... l i
Ul luu illiuvuio ui n. viiii.uk US uvuuwuv
as tno concussion
pearanee of the plant. Each stalk bears but
one bunch of fruit. When it is gathered tho
stalk is cut down. Ten feet apart is a good
dislancu to plant them. This gives over '100
per acre, and the second year, there will bo 10
or 12 plants to each hill, uud soon will occupy
most oi tne ground. Alter tuo ilrst year thcy
require but liltlu cultivation, the old stalks nnd
leaves acting as mulch nnd manure. Under
IHU llfSl L'UPl Ul I'UUSIIUCIIUU UUU IMIUlllUJClll I ... t 1 Z. ....11
favorable conditions, there Is no cessation of j of Its road by reason of the-adoption of a " ""E'.' " X M tLMwrTfmmiE
growth. New plants and ripo fruit are- found ' gauge of 3 feet instead of 1 feet tiV, inches. To''g 'J"1'0
at all times, and n plantation once started lasts Th U is n dear Having because the road is J ffi f ,0 "n"J(
'is' .bable that no plant was evercultlvat- S3l? i '.hough' it &ee of the tZZ
ed that will yield ...o,u food per acre, or result "ide. 'gauge. Tl re lwr car 1it proren , 2" M?S , VbZr "
i there Is a raiiaonnuio nun m iciisi us sieauy in ridiug as ' . ,.
is claimed from tho
rrylng enpneity of n enr
i on wido-cauco roads. It
. ... . ....!'...
... n... ...... i . ....i. l.. i .i.. .. soirenuentiy uas to uo narua uv loaueu in tno
is wouiiiKivo over , iiuu ouncnes . ' ' .um.-n.-u mm uuu i . ,.-, .- ..... ".,. . s .... i.."r
.. " . . .-. .-111 II.. 11.1 111 !.. ll.i IIII1L1 I I'll I. I ll'Itll IV HIirHIIII' III I II II1IBII1I1UB
per acre. Jlany of thesu w III con an over 100 count nanny occur iniii wouiu uo traceauio to , ;, -".; ,, r ,? ?..; ii i, ...- r..Ti-. t
fruit. It is nfavoiltu food In tropical countries, tbo gauge. Iu addition to Drst and second , M. ???LdJi! ...i "." 'L'!"?...!?"0.',..?.1.
in greater prollt to thu owner, vvlicr
market for it. It is easily nnd cheaply gathered, i 'oso ou tho wider roads, and thu freight cars :" ,,.... Bli fnn
i r.. i . i1 .r v.,. .. I 1 1. ...... n...i.i.i o..ituf.. .......it.. ..ii ..l....,,..., nr .-..m.. A positive advautaco
requiring no jincKngcs, nuii nears iiaiiiiiing nuu i ...... w.... o.........v """"" """,v' reduction of tho ca
transportation well. Ten bunches n yenr per bulky nnd concentrated. There has been no ' ,, ',"!,,, ,, ,, ,.
I 111 1 . ..I. . ... .. I . ,.. -.11 . - - . ,.AA. !.., .... II... n.,l n.i.l 11. a M.nl.n nt n.....l... OClOW W Ultt 11 UOW III
ill ii is ii i iir I'siiiiinin lor inn viLMii ni n unn.i m-i;iiii.iii ... ihu iiahi, ,.,... .uu w....u u, k.h.i.v i
yield of n cooi
plantation. This would givo over 4,000 bunches
and always in demand nt the seaport towns for elass passengers, tho road has carried during "ilw
shipment. Thcro nro somu peo lo, no doubt, thu past venr freight of great variety iu char-' X i" "', ' ??l i iImp'i 1Z 11?$
wh!. llvu on bananas nlonoj 'but it is no act.r. Ilesldes heavy nrticles.-coal, ores. .Ji?"0'.
probable that any great amount of work can stone, lumber, iron, hardware, grain, ctc.,-lt J"ffi.,1n TMa.l , Jn, & X " IJnlJU
lie got out of ii doenof that fruit n day. 1ms carried wool, furniture, hay. wagons, nnd '"l"S'B-n-,',,Jft'"Siifre,?i,tt0i
K..nii...r.. l.'h.rl.l,. .,...i........rti.(.i...itn., iia other freicht of the lichtest nnd most bulky B.mo extent. Tlw railroads in tho United
n,.,i.i( iivn ..mv..,l in l. .iitini.i., o.i .,rfiinl.in linturo: while, of course, on this last pXiint. tliu htates carry ot least four times as much total
for the culluru of thu banana, and Instances aru benelll derived from tho gauge by tho saving in I wc But J'011"' ..ns 0I "I'S"1 ,0-
... ...-.. - . ' . iitiir u'.rn uiiinnn
dean car weigut uas not ueen so great, yet i . , y , ""'
liielilloneil where the reeeiiits havo been over
$3,000 per year from it single acre, including tluru is no class of freight upon which the
some plants sold. Thu southern pnrt-of Call
iforula is also said to bo well suited to its
growth. These aro tho only parts of thu United
States where It can be grown successfully.
Hire it requires two years to perfect itself,
and without winter protection, seldom matures
it fruit.
If tho car
tiler, much unnecessary lianllntr
would bo saved. For local trade especially,
which constitutes tho bulk of business on
almost every American railroad, a great advan
tage would bo gained, savlug time, sido-track
room, besides dead weicht. Tho capacity of
ars. i tho uarrow-gaugo car oven exceeds tho nvcrnco
Willi concentrated or heavy freight, which actual load of tho broad-gaugo car.
proportion nl paying to non-paving weiuht has
not been in favor of the narrow gauge ns com
pared with the wide.
Diseases in Hogs.
. i. ...... ...i.i. i.:.ii ..ii .: .. ..
cousuiuicHuiiiiiis, iinuu ui'iii 13-mi riinruatis, 1110
great bulk of tho tonnage to bo transported, tho
adviiutago realized has been 3.1 per cent. That 1
is to say, tlilrty-livo hundredths moru freight
has been regularly carried ou tho narrow-1
: stocK, witn tuo samo total weight
load as ou tho broad-gaugo. This
To Is) contlnuixl.)
Dried Fruits in New York.
Hero is whnt Davis ,fc Sutton, commission
merchants, 75 Wnrreu street, New York, say
imS can bo most readily seen by observing n train about dried fruits, under dato of Aug. Oth:
down iu the loin. For mango wash well with m V'T" "..f .v . " . : WL "nj "' ,0.lm Dried apples nro very firm; sliced
t -,. !,... nf !..- C....M lit.... J
there are but threo diseases In hugs requiring "?",'"; 'r, ,
treatment, which aro mange, cholera and w onus cl' "''j,
in tliu l.ldiieys, coiiim
'ii 111 tne nuns. 1-or inanuo wash well with " v. v." ......:, 'ji j;rf:.:: ' "7 ' wneit annics aro very urm: sliced aro
lyu soap, and then pot liquor. Foreliolera.it ," , ' '.."..' ''.' ""1 .f.i. ZZ.7.1. '..":. uigUcr, and choico VVostcrn nnd Southern
you know the disease, as soon as you see the ""K,t i ','.'' "1 ftin n i iY 11 ' qiwrtew havo nlso favored tho sellor; tho do-
hog begin to droop and try to voiuft. gag him, ft""' nJ I'-Kh U nl.ieLl t So J'. ,"n,ld is VaTli! ,rom Morters nnd partly spec
,,i.dgivuhli.itwei.tygrali.sofcaloniel..mdeinlo '" " '"'"J 'W-hloh I Z'S u,fttlvo' Thcro is no stock of pooled peaches
a pill. If you have tUu In the habit of giving ' V " fs Vn'?, nS' lJ 2? S ottctitt!' but our Q"ons, which nre'higher,
yilur hogs spirits of turpentine, nt the Ala Jf W. ZtaKlLlZtT, I -?? doubtless bo obtained and perhaps f2o
1.1 .till In n.l.l. vntt .-- . " -. .........- mnrn mr IlilSirnil A Oin.V- Otlll na ... ......ba..
. !' ... vw..., ..... ;,. , ........ ., .... .-... ... 1 1-.
mill uiirn inu yi. iii-.i.ieu.iv 11m luuueu
one teaspoonful to tle bog, put in corn; you
will lie rarely troniucd Willi tins lalal disease
mnrn fnr .InatrnlilA aln.V ollll na .!. A.....A..
. "-'-' - -' --' .wv, nun, u. ,uv jjmca
10 (fivpn fnr Ilif.m nrn nnt linan.l nnnn aaa... nlAa
?.- . ... -"., . " """: """ "'.
tlir.lFrni.nriK. Ill wlilcli nvmit thn nnrrnw.mittnA
11 tnu nrst nose 01 eaiomei noes not relieve in ::"i ""L-: ,::,-,i7.,,.r ,,,rrr' . ff ,u ma) " considered nominal. Unpcelod
twenly-four hours, repeat the dose. . I rarely J'li'.yJKXilS&lV.-llfSh. t5? l'hes are decidedly higher; Sy.o is 'freely
have to repeat it if ndinlnlstcred In line. We '" " cr Jf, 'r,0"1" v lS. -tSff. Wff Ioatl o'lVred for prime halves. Quarters nro salable
sometimes see hogs dragging (heir hind legs. ?' S'fMi0?" '"Sv'Ji.'h . ?",,S ,?' nt7c- Cherries nro scarce and higher. P urns
This Is caused by worms it. the kidney, uud r1,1 r' "" ,di 1, l,iv i?,?.l 'L"n tU ore decidedly higher. There is no business in
...ay Ini easily cured by giving a teaspooi.f .1 of brn,,-Rft "rfT ''I' "' UJ? ' f'1,,-,,,i. , , , raspberries.' Tile cause of tho strength of tho
lurpentiue every morning for three or four days o l"' Be tor nny lench o 1 mo "i01 h !ho BouornI -,r08P!ct of a &M "J?p
should havo the turpentlno at least twl'co it "".Tf!.? Ai-M... W.te, 18T1. .ll,l .
week while feeding or. this mash. F.very hog meul" u .r.,""!.11 J 1 f"?J pfoportion to AK:Hlto:lM:quSls;.::::.": ::::: 7
feeder should keep 11 lmtlle of tho spirits of tur- "?" "", ""'"."' , ?,,,. SilT . ? 1 Ure a ,'!; ' ".'h'X ' lSH'iiH
ii.uiiin,. mi. I L.U.. It fimiklnniillv iliniiii.li il... '"'" heavy; nnd further, it is n well known M'V i,Houllifni,llcl, 187J
I ...r ', iihdlt 1 0lt3 3i,. '"ct In ecfiniilc, that small structures nro 1W'".Svu"n' ""-,
v.ar. Ini will ilnd it 11 great lieiiellt to thu hogs. , ... ,' 1)rollor,ou . ,.,piP .,,,, Jll '"'9-. "''.".l,r.""e.-
1 nave practiced tins lor twenty years succcess- :, ,. '., '" ' ,rl. ir . b ... .... .o... ui., pniei, rnnic 13
full ltheenistobunsiieiille euro for nil hoc bau large ones, rho cars havu proved largo lvachm, 1873. ni.,w led, flrtoeoa.t 8
ii!v,.J- ' euruiornn noj, , h to Cllrry CVfU lln ni0Ht bulky kintin of fcj.., js7j.yi..ii,i,f.i, toS.xxi:::::::i?
ll,t'-1 . fr.Inl.l. siicli ns wool, fiiriillnrn. ..tn. TaIIIo ! ", 183, V., hM, iHwr to flr 8
TlIK KAMlAUOlV VlSK OK AUSTUAMA. Tho
habits of this giant climber (C'tenM iiHliircfuii)
are graphically descrilcd by n writer in tho
" Gardeners' Monthly." Ho saw one of these
vines, which was almost seven hundred feet iu
length and measured three feet and nine Inches
iu gitth at thu base. It had first enfolded iu its
and horses cau bo carried nnd nlthongh tho iviiii;i87i;uni.eeiea',nu"rtcr;'.' 0
road is not yet constructed sufficiently far south lilnckU rrle. prim ...,.'.'.". 8
In nlilnln iiiilcb ratlin lillsllinsa. -. In limn Clurrln. BUte. 1873. rsr lb 17
.. ..... . !c. .. fi,ni. u a. ....I...... . . .- v.
his may he looked for as furnishing n largo &", B,3iVK" """""Zl'' a w
tratllc, and tho road is preparing for it. Tho rium. isn, Vimtbern. mr lb... .....' to ttu
9
(s 8
0 a 9
13 (dlS
(vlO
an
U10
(. Mi
( 7
(I)
(619
stock cars already built aro by, feet wide. 28
feet long, weigh 8500 poutnU, nnd carry nine
Head or cattle, mo animals stand lengthwiso
llui'U rrloi, 1871, lr lb. ,
Now, what is thero
to
(til
(iJJO
provent California
.Icadly eml.race a tree o( considerable size, Hut j(. ,, crtr blcb is better for them than HMUUnB " 'rgo surplus of theso fruits to n
n! uliinemn h"d butli splll'cXmo ' v'in " W tUeuedveTmo" Vork market, but our inability or neglect
tlyo u'ndfee In'high ft Irn;!i!i;eLhuol7hV?eUc?LC.nri!.0-70,i,rimft! t0?7 thB,? Y Cetta'U,y lU 'rulU-
mil of which the huge climber had sent out its '?, .. Sii ! g B" 1Jj7 lbs-n,ul and it only needs tho outcn.rlso to put them
: .1 :.. ..rY-: .,i ii.. .. llArrOW-ClkUCe. Oil lbs, nttnn t in mtirbnf n,.Hn V. V-!i. .1..- i..
ruiiiiuuiiiii'iia iu u iuiiuuiiu nuu iur
.til it , I,ul fliorl cattlo tho cars aro wido enough nil that vast region between tho Missouri Kivor
linion to carry the cnttln in the usual way. in whleh-1 ,,,,,1 the I'.iclflo Coast, besides supplying the
make it too ter.lble for ll.o p.sqilo to d.tre engage
iu any legal couiiict wiin ineiii,
They have combined together to destroy com
petition and to practice nil tliilust discrimiu
ntion, ounlrary to thu impressed pmvUIoiis of
our constitution and thu spirit of our law.
They l.uvo virtually cut off our trado with
distant parts of the world by their unjust ills,
criminations mid by their cvorbitstit rates of
freight, forcing upon us the altemath e of ac
cumulating upon our baud iiMotthli surplus,
or of giving (hrev-fouidis of Ihu price our cus.
turners pay for our products for their transpor
tation. Under the false uud specious pretence of
developing the country, thev bve obtained
euormoui granta of public lauda from Cougreaa,
and now rvtwrd rather tlmu develop It acttle
uient, by the high price charg.sl for such
laud.
They have converted the bond fraudulently
Tiik Pottkiiv Tiikk,- Aiming the many won
derlul vi'getiiblu pnslucts of llntil, the pottery
Ireo of l'aia U not the least woithy of note.
This tree, the Jiilrd ulil. of Kilauists, at
talus a bight of one hundred feet before send
ing out branches. The stem l very slender.
seldom much exceeding one foot In diameter
at the Imso. The w 00.1 i very hard and con
tains a very large amount of silica not so
much, however, ns the Kirk, which Is largely
eiiip.uviM as 11 source in silica 11. tne mauuinc
turn of pottery. In priqiariiig the Imrk for the
(siller a use, it is urt tiurutsl, and the reaidue
is Iheu pulverutsl nnd mixed with clay in vary
ing pitqtortiotia. With atl ispial quantity of
the two ingredleuts n superior quality of ware
is produced. It is very durable, mid will bear
almost any amount of heat. The uatives em
ploy it for all manner of culinary purKises.
When fresh the Kirk cuts like soft aatiiMone,
and Iho presence of the silex may bo readily
ascertained by grludlng a piece of the Uitk K
tweeu tho teeth. When dry it is generally
brittle, though sometimea Imnl to break. After
being buruvd, if of good quality it cannot be
broken up between the tlngera, a pestle and
mortar belug required to crush it.
than nuu hundred and thirty feet, tin
1... 1 ...I........ , .. 1.1 .1. !
Ii our au.hoCTdha't U "vrlSil "mil ."S '" ! ' SS?? J? .TJ ' cSroruIrVoTiu". sensV
supported It on its way to the eucalyptus had """? " """'" """ "' '" muu U! luu UIvnu'
perished by straugulation. Hou.imedlhu vine h""hl' Passcnner Cars Steam On Common Roads.
tun nevus corKscrew, Aiounu mo eucn- . ,
lyptu the vino had wound lu .overal coils, and , Ibo cars aro eomfortablo, well ventilated,
then thrown out a umuWr of stems, which inininomeiy niict up, nuu tno -jj.isjo p.isseu.
were grasping all thu trees in the neighborhood gers who passed over the road last year cer
01 us It tui ul march.
I
Tho whole futuro of tho application of steam
to common roads cloarly lies in tho improve-
tninly rode ns steadily, nnd, ns far ns could bo meut, not of tho engine, but of tho road. In
judged, nuogeiner ns satlsinctonly ns on nny tho samo wny ns rails must bo laid down before
n l.iu-illlu i.N.ii.
As funis space is concerned. i.. .1... 1 .i . .
.. v . -. .. .....u.iju hid lUL'uuiiiii. 1. kn iiiiiki nni.it...n .aa.ij
iiistruuieiit devised bvinan compares with it luowimlo passenger travel ot ldiropo is car- ,".,,,...,' ...... -""
O.sn's Hash, It Is a profound study. No
iistrumeiii devised iy 1111111 compares with it
for complication. It is a hammer, n vice, a
forceps, a honk, a spring, 11 weight; it pushes,
draws 111, mid the tlugera nlouo contain ele
ments of chisels, gouges, mid all the tools a
sculptor n quires in modeling. From tho elbow
to the digital extremities Its movements are
. ..1 .1 1 .1.. .w.. ..1..., c It
II1U.. .U.-.I 111 1I.-..I.J III. ...llV..-9. OW 1U1UIII1- , , if ---.--.. .. .....w, .-., ...v
wiled is the cordage of 11 human baud, expert wdow, makes it much easier to fill nil tho
anatomists cm nanny Keep 111 rciuemnrnnce '" inf 11,0 old nroblpinnf mmK-ltineinm tnn....nn
its intricate mechaui.m. With it nil the l:uu h". 8,4 " "t occnple.1 on tho I01 "oidl.rowemofnpplj iug steam to common
emotions of tho mind may be both mani- average Iu wlde-gauge cars. A certain number 1 om ""!" w oe louud in tne general uso
tested mid intensified, How could n French- 01 passengers nro acquainted, ami wish to sit I of the steam road roller. Tho steam roller
man I
the
soul 1
signs.
rlcd in compartment cars, practically less Uo wndercd able to benr heavy weights, nnd
roomy nud not uenrly ns well ventilated. The have given them n hard, level surface, ono op-
first-class 1 cars bwit 3 passengers across the proachlng ns near ns possiblo that of tho rail
width of the cars. two on ono bidoof the a slo .,i.in q-i, ,.., n.u n,.., , . ,
nnd one on the other,-nn nrrangement which, a lh, uoftrr th'8 comli,io" of hardness
by increasing the projiortion of passengers who " "W'roacheil, tho more oxtendod will bo the
can have seats bv themselves and adjoining tho uso of steam on common roads.
Theso premises being granted, tho solution
talk wiih his hands tied? The baud is 'uo "J iei oiuers preier to 00 oioue. 1U must ureceilo the steam traction enrfne. Vr.
prime Minister of the brain. It is tho dimcuit nv supervisiou to stow away passengers I nerienco shows that the iir- nf rnn.i n,vi.,
. ngent in the iiccouipliiduucnt of its de- ' one would freight: tho traveler taking one and maintenauco gives us a hard, level surface
It isii wonder of wonders. . am. iisciiriHi-wigtueotner, thus prevent- Uot liable to sink and toko nits under the
" K '"""";"' ,,1,uo. "rauopied oy me company vrheels, iiud nffording more than sufficient ad
DisGAkM or SiiKH-.-A correspondent asks "''I'.1'", . 8U ' ,ue nverage conditions of Utsion for propulsion with smooth wheels.
1 na J""" """ '""u ""' '" The possibility of npnlviuff steam in this
for the best works ou diseases of sheep
adapted to this climate. e know of no work Tho first-class narrow.cauea car is 7 f.d 3:
of the kind 1 specially applicable to our 1'acitlc inches wide inside; 35 feet tj iuches long,
coast climates; but one of the best we are ac
quainted with, is! lie Practical Shepherd, bv
11, S. Kaudall. It cau bo obtaimxl of 1). I). T.
Jloore, Kochcstcr, N. Y, J. It. Liiipiucott .t
Co., l'hiladelphla, uud proUtbly of Isxik sel
lers lu S.iu Francisco.
weighs "H tons net. and seats 30 nassencers.
au nvenige.of 117 pounds of car-weight to
ouo passenger. The broad-gauge day-car
weighs 1UJ-J tons, nnd can seat 50 passengers,
an average of CUd pound of car-weight to
OUO 1HTHOU.
Sleeping Cart.
OorTONwoon Sctuu IUbukw, Tho Sacra- Slecplug cars aro usetl with much greater
meuto Valley Meet Sugar Company uro having advantage than on the wide gauge, because al
the barrels to hold this year's product of sugar though people uukuown to each other can
luanufactred iu this city from native cotton-, generally with tome effort be made to sit on
wood timber, The barrels present a moat , the tame seat, they cannot well be mode to
pleating appearance, the wood being white ' sleep in the same bed. The practical result it
and firm and without any odor ot any kind j that the traveler pays for two beds and the
that cau be imparted to the sugar. iiVconi, railways carry Uie extra weight and width for
way would uive ns what tuicbt be termed
a uuiveraal tramroad, rendering available for
steam-power over 200,000 miles of macadam
ized roads. Much iu this sense was n passago
iu tho lato publio speech of such an experienced
Engineer as Sir Joseph Whitworth, in which
he pointed to the improvement of common
roads rather than the extension of tramways.
The roads are thero, and their improvement oy
the process, involving an outlay of capital, ac
tually greatly reduoes the cost of their main
tenance. In oar special caae, the employment
ot an engine on common roiada, able to move
about with facility, also mean the application'
ot aUaaa to the ooBveyanoe ot stone from the
radons deposit along the road; to break it np
and taking It to ita required destination before
lolling down. mtrioan Enginttr,
ff
x I