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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (June 30, 1907)
9 THE SUNDAY OREGOXTAX, PORTLAND, JUNE 30, 1907. in.. SUBSCRIPTION BATES. INVA&IABLI IN ADVANCE. (By Mail.) Dally, Sunday Included, ons year JIM lslly, Sunday Included, alx months.... 4.23 ' Ial!y. Sunday Included, threa montha. , 3.25 XJally, Sunday Included, one month..- -78 Bally, without Sunday, ona year 00 Pally, without Sunday, alx months.... S 25 r-elly. without Sunday, three montha.. 1.75 X-ally. without Sunday, ona month.... -60 Sunday, one year ..." 2.50 Weekly, one year (laaued Thuraday ) . . . . 1-50 Bundajr and Weekly, one year Bi CARRIER. Pally, Sunday Included, one year 00 Daily. Sunday Included, one month.... .T5 HOW TO REMIT Send postoffice money rder. express order or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at the sender's risk. Give postoffice ad dress In full. Including- county and state. POST AUK BATES. Entered at Portland, Oregon. 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Potts ft Roeder, Pine Beach, Vs. W. A. Cosgrovs. PORTLAND, SUNDAT, JUNE SO, 1907. ENIGMAS OF LHT5. Often have we felt regret to And Schopenhauer such a pessimist as he Is. True, he is not the most hopeless pessimist of all the world; for old Koheleth, of the Book of EccleslasteTs, Is that man. But Schopenhauer isn't a toad second; besides, he wrote a much greater volume of powerful stuff designed to show that ithis is the worst of all possible world, than any other man ever produced. All such ef forts as Hoboes' liberty and Neces sity, Voltaire's Candida and. Mill's Es says on Religion, are cheerful stuff. compared with the atrabilearious out put of Schopenhauer. Ho tells truth truth hideous and terrible so frankly that one is forced to laugh at the com ply and mockery of human life. Ha tells us. In substance, a lot of things like these, that rub hard and make us mighty uneasy; till we are forced to take refuge in our sense of humor, and Jest with Cate how we can. The translation perhaips isn't very good, but It is the best available, to wn : "Unless suffering is the direct and Immediate .object of our life, our ex istence must entirely fail of its aim. It is absurd to look on the enormous .mount of patn that abounds every where in the world, and originates in needs and necessities inseparable from life itself, as serving no purpose at all, and the result of mere chance. Each separate misfortune, as It comes, seems, no doubt, o be something ex ceptional: but misfortune in general Is the rule. "There is po greater absurdity than that propounded by certain systems of philosophy, in declaring evil to foe neg ative in its character. Evil is Just what is positive; it makes Its own ex istence felt. It is the good which Is negative: it is the minus quantity; the pleasure never measures equally with the patn. Yet it has been said that the pleasure in. this world outweighs the pain. If one wishes to see shortly whether this statement is true, let him compare the feelings of two an imals, one of .which is eating the other. "In early youth, as we contemplate our coming life, we are like children in a theater before the curtain is raised, sitting there in high spirits and eagerly watting for the play to open. It is a blessing thnt we do not really know what is going to happen. Could we foresee it, there are times when children might seem like innocent pris oners, condemned not to death, but to life, and yet all unconscious 'What their sentence means. Nevertheless, every one desires to reach old age; in other words, a state of life of which it may be said. 'It is bad today, and it will be worse tomorrow; and so on till the worst of all.' So. if you try to imag ine as nearly as you can what an amount of misery, ipain and suffering of every kind the sun shines upon in Us course, you will admit that it would toe much better if on the earth, as little as on the moon, the eun were Bhle to call forth the phenomena of life; and if here, as there, the surface were still in a. crystalline state. "If two men who were friends in their youth meet again when they are !d, after having been separated for a !:fetime, the chief feeling they Will have at sight of each other will toe one of complete disappointment at life as a whole; because their thoughts will lie carried iback to that earlier time when life seemed fair as it lay spread out before them in the rosy light of '.awn. promised so much and then per formed so little. This feeling will so 'ompletely ' predominate over them that i hey will not even consider It neces- try to give it words; but on either I'de it will be silently assumed, and r.inu the groundwork of all they have .' talk about. "In a world where all Is unstable, uid nought can endure, but Is swept nvard at once in the hurrying whirl l.i.ol of change; where a man. if he J in keep erect at all. must always be l ining like an acrobat on a rope in siici! sv ' woijjt hapolnesa is Inconceiv able. In the first place a man never is happy, but spends his whole life in striving after something he thinks will make him so; he seldom or never at tains his goal, and when he does it is only to be disappointed; he is ship wrecked in the end or comes Into har bor with masts and rigging gone. And then jt Is all one whether he has been happy or miserable; for his life was never anything more than a present movement, always vanishing; and now It is over. "Human life must be some kind of mistake. The truth of this will toe suf ficiently, obvlons if we only remember that man is a compound of needs and necessities hard to satisfy: and even when they are satisfied all he obtains is a state of painlessness, -where noth ing remains to him but abandonment to boredom." So much for Schopenhauer. Now let us find what a solemn English poet has to say about these enigmas of life: Possession, why more tasteless than pursuit? Why is a wish far dearer than a crown? That wish accomplished; why the grave of buss? . Because In the great future, buried deep. Beyond our plans of empire and renown, L.lea all that man with ardor should pursue; And He who made him bent him to the right. . Of course the enigmas of life' are in soluble. Tet it ' is 'better, perhaps, to let our optimists than our pessimists deal with them. THE INTERESTS" AND NATIONAL AU THORITY. Regulation by Congress of inter-state commerce, with' control through Fed eral court3 of the great corporations, may be expected to effect in Its ulti mates practical obliteration of state lines, in all matters except those .of local police, and municipal ' adminis tration. Here is a speaker. (Mr. Levy Mayer), at the banquet of the Na tional Wholesale Grocers' Association at Chicago, saying: There are now In this country something like 2.000,000 freight cars, owned by 1000 railroads aixl handling 1.000.000.000 ship ments each year, each having Us separate bill of lading. In the forty-five states and the territories through which the railroads pass, there are 138 Federal Justices, more than 100 judges of the highest state courts and 300O judges of the lower courts of record who dally are making conflicting railroad de cisions, pending upon inconsistent local and state laws. The speaker denied that it was a question of centralization of govern ment, or that state rights, mostly po etic fiction, should be considered. "In trade and commerce," he said, "these lines are arbitrary, imaginary, and1 should not exist. They must be wiped out or complications will arise worse than the blotting out of mere political theory which has no place in the trade and commerce of the Nation." This undoubtedly Is the tendency. It Is irreslstlfble, through necessity. The power of the National Government is alone adequate to cope with the prob lems that the vast material growth of the country has presented. Or ganized wealth organized for booty seeks shelter under state authority, comparatively easy to control; and in National authority the people find the only remedy. Under this author ity the magnates of the greatest of the trusts are now being brought, and for the first time, to book. Demo cratic statesmen of the type of Mr. Bryan are wholly unable to meet the requirements of such a situation, "be cause their education in and devotion to the state rights school as against National sovereignty. "Centralization" to them, is still a bugbear. Every au thoritative Democratic utterance is still, as of yore, for-state rights, and there fore for a state-rights campaign In 1908. No Democratic administration, then, could be expected to take up President Roosevelt's work of bringing "the Interests" under control, and continue It, with enlarging powers, under Na tional authority. The Democratic nomination will (probably fall to Mr. Bryan, and "the interests." generally, will support him. i ON WITH THE DANCE. The celebration of the Fourth of July promises to (be more general than usual this year. From all Indications the American Eagle, historical bird, will next Thursday flap his wings and scream in every town of any consid erable pretensions, not only through out Oregon, 'but the Pacific Northwest. From the country side far and near, farmers and their families are pre paring for a "good time" on our great National Day; the small boy is eagerly anticipating the Joys incident to the possession of the toy pistol and the giant firecracker. Doctors are looking up the latest medical authorities upon, the treatment of tetanus; mothers are running sewing machines and push ing the festive sadiron overtime in order that their children may "look as well as anybodys" when out in parade; and fathers are busy with the vex atious problem of ways and means. All ofthis and much more In connec tion with the "celebration" is assessed as patriotism. Much of it may, how ever, ibe accredited to a prosperity that furnishes the thews and sinews of such pleasures as depend for their exist ence upon having plenty of money to spend. There t, it may be added, the usual talk of a sane Fourth of July, even while preparations are in progress for making the day one of noise and excitement; of beating about until worn out physically and irritated men tally, of firing firecrackers In the mere delight of seeing a flash, hearing a spiteful fizz and smelling a disagree able odor. Still, if the people enjoy these things, he is churl, indeed, who would deprive them of such enjoyment. Not willing to be classed in this cate gory, The Oregonlan will turn, on the .lights as usual on the evening of the great day, chronicle the events of noise and parade and oration here and else where, and record with proper show of sympathy and expression of regret the fatalities due to tetanus, superin duced by the treachery of that inno cent little adjunct of Juvenile patriotic fervor the toy pistol. On with the dance; let Joy be unconflned. SAS FRANCISCO. In the current number of the Inde pendent, James D. Phelan, formerly Mayor of San- Francisco, gives an en couraging account of the recuperation of San Francisco. Among other con templated Improvements, he mentions a water supply to be brought from the Sierras and pumping plants around the bay for fire protection. In Mr. Phelan's opinion this supply can be made im lmmune from damage by earthquakes. It is Interesting to learn that the savings banks of San Francisco are now loaning money at 6 per cent for reconstruction. The finances of the city, it seems, were not disturbed by the recent catastrophe. No bank was embarrassed, no firm suspended, says Mr. Phelan. Of course funds must come from the East for rebuilding, but loans are abundant and on easy terms. x The restoration of the wrecked of fice buildings, which is nearly com plete, has been effected at about 50 per cent of their original cost. This seems astonishing when one remem bers .wtoat they went through. It is a fine testimonial to the resisting power of the modern steel frame. . Mr. Phelan compares the present up rising In San Francisco against graft to the vigilance committees of early dayev "In 1902," -he says, "when the RuefSchmitz combination made mer chandise of public rights, it might have been forecast that the time would soon arrive when patience wouldi cease to be a virtue and the old San Fran cisco spirit would be again aroused." Mr. Phelan believes that "the victory of good citizenship is complete" and that "San Francisco- will rise from the fire not only a greater city, but a bet ter city and a model to American cities of good construction and good gov ernment." May his prediction come .true. Most of our cities need such a models f FONDNESS FOR LAWSUITS. . Human nature is much the- same in all times and places. It is manifest everywhere In the litigious spirit of man. There are people who simply like to "go to law." The contentious spirit, lacking other matter to work upon, turns to litigation. Trifles will answer the purpose, as well as matters of real importance. Usually better; for where matters of real Importance are subjects of difference, the parties com monly prefer settlement through nego tiation, to resort to legal process. Adventurers of various sorts who have had "schemes" that have fallen through, are very sure to bring suit against somebody, for satisfaction and redress. Of course they can't con ceive the failure to be their own fault. In most cases there was little or noth ing behind the undertaking- In the first place, which was the natural. If not In evitable, cause of the failure. Persons enter into kinds of business of which they have no adequate knowl edge. For lack of that knowledge, dis agreements ensue, losses, failure final ly, winding up with' appeal to law. The courts are crowded with such cases. Probably there will be no relief from the annoyance and burden but through the progress of knowledge. Which may keep individuals out of situations into which they ought never have entered. . A source of litigation even more fruitful one, indeed, that flows with perennial stream, Is the contention of neighbors with each other about small nothings, over which there ought never to have been disagreement at all; or if difference, it should have been met and could easily have been met, in a spirit of accommodation, and settled without difficulty or delay. Tet neigh bors frequently exhaust each other by recourse to 'law in cases of this descrip tion adding moreover to the. labors of the courts and to the burdens of the taxpayers. A large body, of our people are sJII as fond of appealing to the law as the Athenians were in the time of Aristophanes, who satirizes this disposition and its consequences. In several of his great comedies. In his time the litigious spirit ran into nearly all affairs of business and life; and his exposure of its methods is ludiicrous in the extreme. To our time the dramatic form does not appeal with as much force as it once did; but if we had a dramatist who could do such work as has come down to us in "The Wasps" and "The Birds," com bining singularity and force of descrip tion with a practical universality of application, he would have a fine field in our country for the exerjeise of ( his genius even though regard for the dramatic form is not what it used to toe, ."The grasshoppers," says Aristo phanes, sing one month or two upon the branches, while the Athenians are always singing, during- their whole life, upon lawsuits." One age in our world does "indeed repeat another, in many ways. The fondness of large numbers of our people for appeal to the liti gious bar is perhaps an Ineradicable disposition and tendency of the human mind. THE MEXICAN WAY. The Mexicans are Dagos, or, more properly. Greasers. They have not the glory of belonging to the great Anglo Saxon race which In our generation has produced a Tillman and a Thomas Dixon, Jr., which has fought the Boer war and extinguished the beginnings of free government in the Philippines, They have no Declaration of Independ ence, and only a feeble imitation of a constitution. A Nation without a pa per constitution is, we all know, little more than a collection of slaves. The Mexicans are In fact degenerate Lat ins, when they are not Indians. Ac cording to all the rules of propriety they ought to be engaged in a peren nial revolution. But they are not. It is shocking- to think how heedless they are of the conduct which everybody ex pects of a Latin Nation. They have a stable Government; They have no trust problem. They know how to control their corporations without put ting timorous capital to flight. They even enjoy prosperity, a heavenly boon which many Americans believe to be a gift vouchsafed only to the land of liberty and the Dingley tariff About controlling- corporations we might learn something: from the hum ble Mexicans, If we were not too proud. Our noble Anglo-Saxon lineage occasionally puffs up our spirits to the disadvantage of our pockeubooks. Es pecially could the disgracious Greasers teach us how to control our railroads were we disposed to sit at their some what uncleanly feet and learn. They could tell us all about the regulation of rates, the valuation of corporate prop erty, the publicity oT accounts, the suppression of fraudulent stock. Issues and all the rest of the problem; for they, did it all and did' It with brilliant success while we were in the timid fringes of our first experiments. The beauty of it is that they regulated their railroads with a hand of st,eel without checking investment or destroying: credit. The men who now shriek so vigorously that the homeopathic dose of regulation, which our Congress has Imposed, has ruined credit and Is about to bring a panic upon us, have been for years investing money toy the hun dred million in Mexican roads under a governmental control so strict that all we have done seems but play. If the strict regulation of railroads advanced prosperity m Mexico, why should it de stroy prosperity In the United States? The Mexican Government not only controls the railroads of that country, but It has come to own most of them. The ownership is only of recent date. JUp to within a year or two our Axner-. ican magnates were gobbling them up,, combining them', forming syndicates and (parceling out the country among themselves much as they do at home. But they were not giving rebates to the Beef Trust or to Standard Oil, nor were they occupied with corrupt poli tics. The reason for their abstention from these agreeable and profitable re creations was simple. They did not dare to take a hand. Mr. Charles Ed ward Russell reminds us in the Cosmo politan for July of some of the regula tions which have restrained them. For one thing, no railroad could .be built or operated In Mexico without a con cession from the Federal Government, These concessions were limited to 99 years, and whiyi they expired all the railroad reverted to the Nation clear of debt. The equipment was to be paid for, but not the franchise or real prop erty. Each company had to deposit with the Government a fund amount ing to some three hundred dollars per mile of track, which' was forfeited In case tt was caught evading the law. All grants and charters were subject to amendment , or repeal at any time, and all the corporations could be dis solved whenever good reason for It ap peared. Concessions could not be transferred without consent of the Government, and the road was for feited If the service lapsed or became badly defective. . In. addition to all this the Govern ment kept numerous Inspectors In the field to make sure that the companies obeyed the laws, and the salaries of the Inspectors were paid by the cor porations, not by the public. This policy differed radically from our way with the Beef Trust. Government In spection is the most valuable of all ad vertisements for that persecuted mar tyr. It is worth millions of dollars a year to the combination; but the people pay for it. Thus hamipereoj and harassed one would naturally suppose that rail road construction must have lan guished In Mexico. Frightened capi tal must have spread Us "quivering pin ions and betaken Itself to some more favored realm wher the law would cease from troubling and the magnates might weave their schemes In peace Hew could railroads flourish in a land w here rebates were severely penalized, where the Government fixed the rates at so much a mile without mitigation or exception, where watered stock was unknown? They did flourish, however, and It was American capital, that be ing so timorous in the presence of the law, which fertilized and nourished them. During three decades of this tyrannical and destructive populism the railroad mileage of Mexico was multiplied twenty times over. The capital. Invested ran up to about a billion dollars. Mr. Harrinian, Mr. Gould, Mr. Rockefeller, Mr. Morgan and most of our other persecuted and terrified magnatesj took a hand In financing them. They even concocted a neat little plan to parcel out Mexico among themselves,' as they have the United States, and plunder the popu lation indefinitely without discord, as they do at home. Then the Government stepped in. Mexico does not enjoy the blessing of a. system of courts which can veto the acts of the other govern .nental departments. The courts there can neither enact nor nullify legislation. The Executive and Legislative depart ments can move freely for the public welfare. Seeing what our beneficent trust magnates were about. President Diaz, who Is one of the greatest men of this or any other , age, quietly or dered his agents, to buy up a majority of the stock In the principal Mexican roads for the puiblie. They did their work effectually without, arguments, injunctions or corruption. When the showdown came the people of Mexico had control of "their railroads and our benevolent autocrats had no resource but to fold their wings and quletdy steal away.-. Bist we need not mourn either for the magnates or for our selves. Driven out of uncivilized Mex ico, they are free to give their undi vided attention to us, and we may therefore expect a perfect shower of blessings in the course of the next few years. GREEPT, LIKE THE RA1XROADS. Many persons, who condemn the Southern Pacific and Oregon & Cali fornia railroad for greedy refusal to sell granted lands at J2.50 an acre, are quite as greedy themselves. They aim to seize valuable lands from the rail roads and to put into their own pockets the difference between the J2.E0 an acre plce and the actual value. Such persons. In many cases, do not plan the development of the lands and their uses for upbuilding the country though that is the one argument for wresting the tracts frpm the railroads. They purpose to grab the timber and sit down on It for higher values or sell It to others, who, more likely than not, would gather It into .big syndicates, and leave Western. Oregon no better oft than before the railroads were forced to disgorge. Such persons as these should not be aided by the Government, in the liti gation soon to begin against the rail roads. There is a better end to serve than that of land-grabbers. Here Is a very important Interest for the public. That interest should, ; and probably will, prevent individuals from using the authority of the United States to promote their schemes. Here, also, is sound public reason for having the land grip of the railroads attacked by the Government, Instead of by Individ ual seekers of the lands. There seems good ground for expect ing an active effort, on the part of the Government, to right a grievous wrong done the people of Western Oregon for more than 30 years, toy the railroads re pudiating the terms under which Con gress placed In their hands great areas of the public domain, to be sold to ac tual settlers. Mr. B. D. Townsend, United States Attorney, has been sent here by the Department of Justice, to make the preliminary advances toward a suit against the railroad. Mr. Town send is making a thorough examina tion of the matter and in due time, doubtless, will put into the hands of the Attorney General the Information and the recommendations which the people of this state very much desire. Contracts having been let for the construction of the last unit of the rail road to Klamath Falls, the people of that prosperous region will feel that they are almost In touch with the out side world. - Before the snow flies this Fall the trains will be running into the county seat and Klamath Falls will figure conspicuously on the rail road map of the world. But not too much must be expected of the road. It will be a great convenience, it will en courage settlement and it will open wider markets. But it Is doubtful whether it will make the people al ready there more wealthy or more cunteuted. Nearly all Isolated com munities, like the Klamath and Lake country, the Tillamook country and the Coos Bay country, are remarkably wealthy, as shown by bank, accounts. The people find a way to market their products and they have few opportu nities to spend their money. They con stitute little empires by themselves, and, dealing with each other, keep their "money at home.. But no one wants to live always in Isolation. Money Is worth no more than what It will buy, and if residents of Klamath find a few years' hence that they have In the banks less money per capita, they can get some satisfaction out of the reflection that they spent the money for things that make life more enjoyable. Hollver Megorden, who committed; one of the most cold-blooded and bru tal deeds recorded in the criminal an nals of the state; paid the penalty of his crime in the prison-yard at Salem last Friday. Megorden was. a rancher of Malheur county, and In a fit of rage shot and killed his wife on their lonely ranch In the presence of their chil dren, some months ago. The circum stances preceding and following the murder were shocking in the extreme, notwithstanding which the children, who witnessed the tragedy. Joined In a plea that the father's life might be 6pared. on the hypothesis that their mother would, wish this If she were here, thus unconsciously testifying to the gentle and forgiving nature of the mother so cruelly slain. Usually one of the most trying duties of the "State Executive is to deny the plea for clemency, urged In the case of a con demned murderer, by members of his family. We may well suppose that Governor Chamberlain did not waste much sympathy upon the criminal In this case, nor question for a moment the righteousness of the verdict by which under the law he was con demned to die. It is indeed true that the old-time general labor contractor, The Devil, finds work In plenty for Idle hands. Last week in a St. Helena store, a mis chievous "boy slashed several skirts and bolts of silk. This Is not malice: it is simply misdirected 'energy. A heal thy, hungry lad has a safety valve that Is bound to let off -steam. Now that school is out, he must do something. Work, hard enough to Ibe Just under his capacity, is best for him. No boy ever was killed by work In vacation time. He Is not like a horse, that will drop dead In the harness; rather he resembles the mule, which knows its limit and goes it. Let the young follow get a job, and let him handle the money; there will not be an abund ance of it, but what there is he will (be iproud of earning. Then if he wants to 'buy something for "Ma" or to treat "Dad" to sodawater, encour age him. At the same time show him the pitfalls. Training by the father beats prevention by the Juvenile Court Give the boy a show. It seems a pity that the police should have discovered the retreat of Alma Church, since each incident of her life while consorting with 'degraded Chi nese is more disgraceful than the other, and the whole forms a chapter which turns sympathy Into disgust and shames pity into shuddering silence. Clearly there Is , nothing left . In life for this paling, cringing, debased creature but seclusion haunted by fear and rendered Intolerable toy 1 physical suffering. It may be hoped that she will find such seclusion very soon and be buried therein, since no good can come of further disclosures concerning her life while an Inmate of a Chinese brothel, and as to her "rescue" in any sense deserving the name or the effort that it implies that is simply out of the question. The way of this trans gressor is hard, hut her transgression was great. "If all Oregon growers could let their yards lie Idle one year during low prices," remarks the Eugene Register, "they would create a demand for their product that would repay them for their trouble in Increased price of hops and at the same time give the land a rest." This is sound advice, and by the same token if all the workers In the land could lie idle one year what a fierce demand there would be for products the next few months! "Soon our whole country," says the Minneapolis Tribune, "will be divided into railroad provinces like Great Britain, each served by its allotted monopoly." That has been done al ready In the Pacific Northwest. There are two monopolies Overe, each with Its allotted territory: large portions of which, however, are not served. But notices are posted everywhere about the preserves, warning others to "keep out." "Better Fruit," a monthly publica tion at Hood' River, by El H. Shepardv is one of the instrumentalities through wihlch Hood CRiver fruit and the vast capabilities of Hood River Valley for extension . of fruitgrowing. are being made known. It is well written and handsomely Illustrated. Multitudes of men wherever the Eng lish language is spoken will have tears of gratitude for Francis Murphy who, toy persuasion, induced them to give up strong drink. His was a simple meth od, old as the worlds but effective. The drug trust seems to have over looked a point when it did not ad vance the price of arnica, witch hazel and absorbent cotton In anticipation of the big demand next Thursday. Fully cognizant of the odium that at taches to suspected plagiarism. The Oregon! an remarks that the Summer climate of Western Oregon is incom parably the finest in the world. Now that Portland Barbers have got an Increased wage, will the bosses recoup themselves by raising the price of a shave to two-toits? ' Come to think about It, the whisky man Is the one merchant who hasn't advanced the price of his commodity in the era of good times. Taft intends to stick as a candidate. He wouldn't be out making speeches everywhere. If such was not his in tention. Despite his winning the Irish Derby, It is doubtful whether Tammany's ex boss will ever be dubbed Sir Richard. I Wonder If John D. won't order I Chancellor Day to hurl a bolt at the tyranw of the United States Courts? COMMENT ON CURRENT STATE TOPICS Should There Be Dlaseatlng Oplnloas la- a Supreme Court Eola's Former Greatness New Pisa for Direction of State Eiserlmest Station Bean 'tifyrasr Country So boo! Grounds Brom-ho Hunting; at -at Fourth of July Celebration Bill Anderson's "Minor." Wild BlnrKherrtes Plentiful. ONE of the strangest demands that has ever been made In behalf of the public welfare Is that the embers of the Supreme Court shall file dissent ing opinions frequently enough to dis pel the belief that they agree not to differ. Garfield Grange. located some where in the eastern part of Clackamas County, stands sponser for the new idea In jurisprudence, and has set forth tts ideas In a set of resolutions which we are informed were adopted by unani mous vote. Since Garfield Grange is far from the busy world that gets into the courts, and still farther from the stare" capital.. It is a safe guess that some at torney prepared the resolutions and in duced a member of the Grange to se cure their adoption. A crowd of farmers would scarcely have known whether members of the court frequently dissent or not. If they did know, they would hardly care enough to get up long reso lutions and adopt them. The resolutions recite that no dissenting opinion has been observed for a number of. years, that It Is impossible that wise men can always honestly agree upon all questions of equity and law. that it is riot a crime, for honest men to disagree upon any question of law" or fact, and that a vig orous dissent from any member of the higher court would Increase respect for the Independence of the Judges. Where fore, the Grange resolved that "a good dissenting opinion, in our judgment, is very often necessary -"to show that hon est, learned men can honestly disagree, that the public welfare is being consid ered, that private Interests have no spe cial private strings on our .court, and that the stand-in policy of 'you tickle ma ana I tickle you' of the late lamented Legis lature is not the practice of our court of last resort." While It is not true that there have been no dissenting opinions. It Is true there have been very few. It does not follow, however, that the Juilges have always agreed, or that tliey have agreed not to file dissenting opinions. De feated attorneys In a case generally feel that there should have been a dissenting opinion, for they cannot see how all three Judges could go wrong on the same question. EOLA, Polk County, has long been known as the Deserted Village of Oregon. While not errflisly vacated by Its inhabitants, this hamlet on the banks of the . Willamette has so far departed from Its early life of vigor and bustle that its name Is now a synonym for de cadence. 'The name is scarcely mentioned except in derision. Once the town as pired to be the capital of the state; now it has even lost the distinction of being a postoffice, the rural delivery system having wiped it off the postal map. Breeze Gibson, the pioneer haehelor farm er who has gained something more than local fame by reason of nts seeing art in nature (he having cut all sorts of ani mals out of the sides of stumps and trees) has given a brief history of Eola town, reciting some facts of which he claims to be the sole possessor. He de clares, as many others have before him, that Eola once lacked but. one vote of be coming the capital of the state. That Sola ever came so near receiving so great an honor has been "denied," and no one has yet arisen to point out the record of the ballot deciding Eola's fate. But It may be true, for it has been often as serted. That, however, is merely an in cident in Mr. Gibson's story. He says that way back in the '40s his uncle, J. B. V. Butler, was a FortlSfXi grocery man, and at that time Eola was. known as Cincinnati, the name probably having been applied by former residents of Ohio. Cincinnati must then have been a much more promising town than Portland, for It Is related that Mr. Butler left Port land and moved to the thriving town In PolK County "because he thought he could have an increased trade, having a larger population to draw upon." Tnat was along about 1890. In regard to tne hanging of the name of the town, Mr. Gibson says the facts are these: Tt was . about the year, or in the early 60s, when a great amount of Interest along musical lines was manifested in the Polk county neighborhood. Musical socle ties and singing schools were organized and many teachers of music arose In the land. Including Tom Pearce, the father of Lot I Pearce and George J. Pearce, of Salem. In conformity with this forward movement in civilization, the Inhabitants began to search about for a more classical nma to- desig nate a neighborhood of such unusual cul ture. It was thus that the present name was derived from the Aeolian harp, an an cient instrument which, took Us title from Aeolus, the Ood of the Wind. jyr T a time when the "cleaning up" movement is popular in cities of Oregon, it might be worth while to start a similar movement in the country by Inducing school children to beautify school grounds and keep them in order. City school grounds generally are so small In area and barren of vegetation that there is little opportunity to do more than keep the premises free from debris. Country school yards are, or should be. of sufficient size to permit systematic improvements. Back In Massachussets It is the practice to In terest the children In competition efforts in keeping up public school property, prizes being given to the schools making the best showing. If each county in Oregon were to start a contest of this kind by providing a cup of honor to be awarded to the possession of the school district having the best school grounds in the county, there would undoubtedly be a very marked' Improvement. It would take some districts a number of years to get the schoolgrounds into even a re spectable condition, but with particu lar attention called to this feature, scarcely any could continue a policy of neglect. Furniture scratched and deeply cut by pocketknives, walls marked by the always-ready lead pencil and fences broken by careless play, have always been characteristic of public schools. The reason is that the children feel no personal Interest or concern and the teacher cannot pre vent such mischief, however vigilant she may be. The only method of cur ing the evil Is by appealing' to the pride of the children and causing 'them to take a personal interest In. the good appearance of the school property. When there Is a strong sentiment among the pupils against Injury to buildings anM furniture, and an equally strong desire to make the grounds more attractive, scarcely any child will rtro counter to' the prevailing spirit of the school. The public schools of Oregon will not now be In session until Fall. If In the meantime a plan should be devised which would encourage the children to make a spe cial effort at Improvement of school property, valuable results would be at tained not only on schoolgrounds and at the-present time, but also on home grounds and as long as the children re tain any 'of the habits of order and cleanliness learned by them at school. making the president of the Ore gon Agricultural . College also Di rector of the Agricultural Experiment Station, the Board of Regents of that institution has placed the whole work ing machinery of the school under one management. Heretofore one of the professors has been Director of the Experiment Station. In that capacity rr. Withycombe had charge of the col lege farm and the dairy herd, and con ducted the farmers' Institutes. He mapped out the programme for the farmers' institutes, selected the speak ers and controlled the general policy of these meetings. Under a recent order of the Board of Regents, who assumes his duties July 1, the new president is director of the experiment station and will be the controlling factor in shap ing the policy of the department. He will have supervision of the institute work. This does not necessarily mean that there will be a change of general policy or that new men will be assigned to this work, but there is a possibility of such a change. Dr. Withycombe Aid not ffnl his position a very advantage ous one, and, in fact, he may attribute his defeat for the governorship o the fact that he had charge of the larmers' institutes. A short time before he be came a candidate for Governor an ap propriation was made for the expenses of farmers' institutes and It was his uty to arrange for the Institutes and take charge of them. His political enemies charged that he used the insti tutes as "a means of promoting his candidacy and there is no doubt that this charge cost hiin many votes. Had the president of the college been di rector of the Experiment Stitlon. and thereby exercised general control ft the Institutes, there would have been no opportunity to make this chars and Dr. Withycombe would have been many votes better off. At least, this is the way some political workers sized up t"h.e situation. If Dr. Withycombe runs for the governorship again ho will not have this handicap. PEXDLETOX Is to have an exhibi tion of broncho-busting as a fea ture of Its Fourth of July celebration, but the horses are to be genuine wild horses and there will be no fake about the busting. According to reports pub lished In Pendleton papers, some of the exhibitions that have been given In the past were no more nor less than exhi bitions' of cruelty to animals. The rid ers took old and well-broken horses and by vlgDrous use of the spurs made them "buck" after the fashion of wild horses. This was easy and safe for the riders, but It was torture for the horses and served no other purpose than to amuse the crowd. This year all the horses used will be fresh- from the plains. They must be broken some time, so this exhibition will not add one whit to their suffering. Tney will go through the usual performance without the stimulating influence of the steel and will make the rider earn his money. Knowing that There is no deception in the feats of horsemanship and that the horses are not put .to needless punishment, the visitors will get more enjoyment out of witnessing the plunging of animals In their ef fort to rid themselves of rider and saddle.' UTTER Inability to keep minors out of his place of business Is the plaintive wail sent up by "Old Bill Anderson," a saloon-keeper at the Capital City, whi has been in the business there since pi oneer days. Old Bill has complained to the press of Salem regarding three "youngsters" In particular, who, he says, have been offending for many years. They are Johnny Baker, aged SI; Benjamin Hayden; aged 89, and John Mlnto, aged 87. All active and energetic fellows for their years, and all fairly well known in the Northwest. By counting the years they lack of reaching a century in age, Anderson figures them out to be minors. THTS Is said to be an exceptionally good year for wild blackberries the best fruit that grows in Western Oregon, with the possible exception of wild straw berries. The berries find ready sale at 50 cents per gallon, and, as pickers can gather four or five gallons a day In an average patch, there is good wages in gathering this uncultivated crop. One Corvallls girl Is reported to have picked five gallons In two hours, but there was probably an error either In the quan tity picked or the number of people who did the picking. POX hunting is great sport In England and in parts of the United States, but Is probably not so exciting as coyote hunting in Douglas County, Or. Accord ing to the TJmpqua News, three Roseburg business men A. C. Marsters, Scott Hen ry and W. I. Emery engaged in a coyote hunt recently and bagged five of the nim ble creatures in one day. They hunted on horseback and were aided by hounds. The chase occurred In Happy Valley, where the coyotes have been too plentiful of late to make sheep-owning 'farmers happy. PIGURES of speech usually add force and vividness to language, provided they are skillfully used. Sometimes, bow ever, the figures are so absurd as to di vert attention from the 'subject matter to the incongruity of thejanguage. Such an instance Is seaman the advertisement of an Eastern Oregon merchant, who pro claims that he has been letting the peopie know about his shoes for Summer wear, and they have been coming In like hot cakes. It would be Interesting to see how people act when they come In like hot cakes. Holland and Her Lace. N. Hudson Moore in St. Nicholas. There has never been a time since the beginning of the fifteenth century when Holland has not depended on the wajces of her lacemakers, and she does so still. There is hardly a town, east or west, where It Is not made, and fn West Flan ders alone are 400 schools today where the making of lace is taught to 30,000 children. There are, besides, the be 8ulnages, as they are called. These era Institutions presided over by a Catholic sisterhood. The Inmates support them selves, and give a certain number of hours' work each day for the support of the sisterhood, usually by making lace. There are thousands of workers In 'these homes, v