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' -J,
FORTY-FIRST YEAR NO. 44
SALEM, OREGON, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 20, 1918
PRICE TWO CENTS
ON TRAINS AND NEW
STANDS TTVW TENT
U f A
(fill m kj. mm
. W SIM
INDICATIONS OF
RESISTANCE ON
PART OF RUSSIj
9.
PASSENGER TRAFFIC
MAY BE CURTAILED
BV HIGHER RATES
United Press Correspondent
States Demobilization of
Army Halts
PREPARATIONS MADE
TO DEFEND PHROGRAD
Berlin Officially Reports Con
. tinned Advance of Ger
man Armies
BERLIN IS EXCITED
Amsterdam, Feb. 20. Berlin
is greatly excited over the
"Russian surrender" dispatch
es from, the German capital de
clared today.
1-1
A'
SHfe West Will Be Section
ountry Most Affected
Proposed Action
By Jorviph Shaplen
(United Press staff correspondent)
1'etrograd, Feb. 19 (Delayed) De
mobilization of the. Russian army and
fleet has been stopped, it was an
nounced at noon today.
. The Russian troops havo been or
dored to resist the German advance
and to vaeuate their liositions only
when necessary, destroyinu property
as they fall back. I
Preparations have been made for a,
stubborn defense of 1'etrogrud. The en-1
tire press urges tha government to
l'ight.
The Tsarskoe-Selo wireless station
today picked up Prince Leopold's ad
Wasv..igton, Feb. 20. Curtailment of
passenger traffic by sharp increases in
passenger rates and by elimination of
competing overnight trains between
middle west and commercial centers is
expected to be ordered soon by the rail
road administration.
Interchangeable tickets will be intro
duced at the same time to reduce incon
venience to a minimum. These steps are
being worked out in detail now and soon
as completed will be ordered into ef
fect by Director General McAdoo.
" Passengerless days" have been un
der consideration, railroad administra
tion officials state, but such action is
not deemed necessary now ,with the re
turn of moderate weather.
The most drastic cutting of passen
ger traffic will be in the middle west,
The cities affected include Chicago, St,
Louis, Kansas City, Omaha, Dcs Moines,
St. Paul, Minneapolis, Duluth, Cleveland
and Detroit.
j it will be possible to rrn through
night trains entirely over one route be
tween such cities, leaving competing
lines free for freight business. This can
hardly bo done m day hours, it was
pointed out, as lines traverse different
territory which must be accommodated
with intermediate train service, but
even the clearing of all but one such
line for twelve hours at night will en
able much greater freight speed and
will relieve high power engines for
freight service.
Some additional reduction will be
made in eastern routes, but officials
! pointed out that already 4,00O,woo pas
senger miles had been cut rrom the
I running schedules since the government
took control of the railroads,
Under the new passenger conserva
tion plan upper berths will be occupied.
Heretofore trains have been running
with half the berths empty in many
cases, ttailroaa orncials are convincea
OPPOSING HOSTS
READY TO BATTLE
FOR SUPREMACY
Secretary Baker Says Allies
Are Prepared To Meet
German "Offensive
ENEMY FORCES PICKED
FROM BEST SOLDIERS
Secretary of War Believes
Germans Will Be Compelled
to Occupy Petrograd
dress, ordering the German advance that the publie wm be wiHing to occupy
against Russia, in which he declared: upperj a9 weii ag ower berths in- the
'Wo want no annexation or eon- 4t,-,st of imnrnwrl rrrinsWnrfiltion.'
tnbutious, but restoration of order, TraiIls wm be run onlv when loaded
Russia is the, cent or of anarchy. The to capacity. Additional trains., and
contagion is spreading into Kurope. Coaehes will be put on only when traffic
Civilized Turope understands the Ger- demands.
mans aro defending order in Europe-" club and buffet cars will not be per-
The suicide of General Kalcdines initted.
(officially announced yesterday) fol- The exact percentage of increase in
lowed a reprimand from the Don gov- passenger fares has not been decided
-Wnment, charging him with cowardice upon.
after he had revised to agree to of- Experts admit that sueh a light in
tensive against the Bolsheviki govern- crease as one or two percent will not
ment, desired by General Alcxiet'f. achieve the purpose sought. It is pos-
' sible this increase wil laf feet only hold
London Awaits News ers of sleeping car tickets and that or-
London, Feb. 20 Developments in dinary day coach travelers will not be
.the eastern theafer were awaited with obliged to pay the increased fare,
eagerness by allied diplomatic officials As an example of the traffic which it
today. is desirable to eliminate officials cited
The latest report from Berlin de- the scores of sightseers and others who
I
(Continued on pago two)
(Continued on page two)
GERMAN AIRPLANES MAKE
REPEATED ATTEMPTS TO
BOMB AMERICAN HOSPITAL
Badly Injured Patients Have
Bzm Removed To Rear
and Are Doing Well
By Fred S. Ferguson
(United Pres3 staff correspondent)
With the American Armies in France
iFeb. 19 (Delayed) A German air
plane, after being beaten off twice this
ttftcmoon flew ever the American
field hospital which had been bombed
twice in the last few days. The boche
viator, however, dropped no bombi
A Michigan soldier, who was seri
ously wounded in the jaw by a stray
Oerman shell, and several other wound
ed Sammies, have been transferred
from this field hospital to the rear,
where they are reported doing well.
The weather is spring like and there
is considerable aerial activity over
this sector. The Sammies believed to
day they had obtained at least partial
Barley Wor th More Than
Wheat In California
Sacramento, Cal. Feb. 20. Farmers in
Sacramento county are feeding wheat to
hogs instead of barley because barley
due to its big market demand as a sub
stitute in the conservation of wheat,
sells for ten cents a hundred more than
wheat.
This became known today when a
farmer brought his barley to the Phoe
nix mm ana declared he was reeding;
wheat to his hogs because it is cheaper j
than barley and is "better for them." j unearthed
The farmer said that wheat, which j worth of pearl in Reinhart's possession
the government is nrigng the people to j and suspect a smuggling plot,
save for the soldiers in France, is sell- j 1
ing for $3.30 per hundred, while bsr-j A Pasco, Wash., farmer has sold a
W the principal wheat substitute, is -"war pig for $350. Must have been a
bringing 3,49 per hundred. jregn'sr pig and not merely a profiteer.
revenge for tho recent ambuscade of
ono of their patrols with the resultant
death of five men.
An American sentry sighted two
Germans in the darkness of No Man's
Land last night- Ilia challenge was
answered by a shot. Rifle and machine
gun fire bean to pour frcin the Am
eriean trenches. In response to a sig
nal, the artillery laid down a barrage
between the concealed German patrol
anil its treucnes.
The boehes who are believed to have
been lying in wait for an American
patrol, fnd. They took their casualties
with them, but the ground was stain
ed with blood. A number of bombs and
a revolver that had been smashed by
an American bullet were left behind.
San Jose German Thought
To Be Dangerous Alien
Pan Francisco, Feb. 20. Max Rein-
hart, for n year a toy maker in San
Jose, is in federal custody today, as a
dangerous German ailen.
His arrest followed weeks of inves
tigation during which time Reinhart's
place was under constant surveillance.
Stories of his alleged operations of
how lead toy soldiers he made were
smuggled to Germany to be recast into
bullets; of how he had a crew of ne
groes working for him entirely at night
how he was his busiest in the early
morning hours; and of quantities of lead
delivered to him by transfer men have
been in circulation here for some time.
It is also said the federal authorities
several thousand dollars
- By Carl D. Groat
(United Press Staff Correspondent)
Washington, Feb. '20. Both the al
lies and Germans are "now ready for
battle" on the west front, Secretary of
War Baker announced today in his
weekly war review.
"The Germans recently have with
drawn a number of their west front
units, from the first line trenches and
are busily training them in mobile war
fare. -
"According to advices received, the
German general staff hopes that by
massing a large number of these pick-
-.1 1- 1 ..... i: .... r
ou ouuen. imiiaiions wnicn nave oeen
intensively trained, thev maV deliver a
crushing blow.'!
However, Baker adds, "a large num
ber of units the bulk of the (iernian
forces are now assembled in the west
are wholly untrained in the method of
western front warfare."
furthermore. Baker savs the German
command "realizes fullv that their
forces will be met with far more diffi
cult tactical obstacles than any hitherto
encountered Dy an attacking army."
The break through in Italy," ho added
was -possible onlv after the " morn In
had been undermined. " ' " 7 '-' ' ,
Baker expressed a belief that, tlm
Germans "may find it expedient to ad
vance on Petrograd." Ho made the
statement in view of the concentration
of ' ' an important body of German cav
alry in the vicinity of Riga."
ii is uiincult to determine the ex
act status of affairs in southwestern
Russia," Baker said.
the retreat of Russian soldiers hn-
fore the Turkish army has resulted in
Russian evacuation of the Armenian
centers south of the Black sea. The
Turks are occupying these positions and
Trebizond "probably will fall into Tur
kish hands soon."
The secretary also told of American
trench activities during the week. Rainy
weather kept tho men at the pumps
much of the time, to keep the trenches
livable. Later in the week, hostilo air
craft appeared generally over the Am
erican posinons ana "a marked im-
4S
. 'v,w
! $C4
Y$
CREEPING SHADOWS
Belief Prevails Generally
Struggle For West Front
Supremacy Opens Soon
By J. W. T. Mason
(Written, for the Uniaed Press)
Now York, Feb. 20. Europe has
suddenly become filled with tenso
crises, that may at any moment change
proveuieut in our anti-aircraft barrage Jtlle complexion of the war, for all its
TERSE CRISIS HOVERS
OVER EUROPE WITH
AMERICA IS DESTINED TO
ASSUME LEADERSHIP IN
CONDUCT OF WORLD WAR
was reported." The sector was "show
ored with gas bombs, which, however,
caused no casualties owing to efficient
gas mask protection."
The most important engagement of
the week on the entire west front was
preceded by a joint American-French
artillery preparation in the Champagne.
"After very careful artillery prepar
ation, during which our batteries co-operated
usefully, French infantry ad
vanced to the assault southwest of Butte
Du Mesnil, along a front of about 1400
yards. They penetrated the German
first and second line positions and
reached the third, inflicting heavy dam
age to the enemy positions, and return
ing with 150 prisoners."
Take Honeymoon Trip
On Naval Airplane
Now York, Feb. 20- Lieutenant
Lawrence B Sperry, a naval aviator,
and his wife, who was Miss Winifred
Allen, tock a brief honeymoon trip
yesterday in an airplane. They started
from infron t of the chapel of Gov
ernor's Island, where they were mar
ried tho evening before, for Massa
pequa, L. I., a naval aviation station,
where Lieutenant Sperry is on duty.
The groom was granted a 12 hour
leave and made arrangements for the
wedding one hour in advance. He flew
from tho station to Governor's Island
with his fiancee at his side and they
were married a few minutes after landing.
and
Lloyd-George Statement Yes
terday Is Regarded
Highly Significant
By Robert J. Bender
(United Press Staff Correspondent)
Washington, Feb. 20. America is
destined to take an ever growing lead
ership in war affairs. This was the In-
a letter from
The position as to the United States
as storehouse and treasury Tor tho al-
PINCH OF WAR
Washington, Feb. 20 Mrs.
Cornelius Vanderbilt felt the
pinch of war. She was denied a
private car by Director General
McAdoo to go from New York to
Spartansburg, S. C, whee her
husband, Colonel Vanderbilt, is
stationed. She even offered to
pay forty fares in order to get
an exclusive car. but the rail
road administration ruled that
it would be a waste of fuel and
motive power.
present comparative passivity.
bring about the tinal mastery.
The relations between Germany and
Auuti-n ara afralnft.l -j, ..Koi. km...
at no'nther tinm sine th war hn! undur tho ot
n t.i:., -i .v. ... I Amorica,
front aro on the tip of expectancy for
their delivery of a giant blow; tho al
lies aro just passing through the final
phase of a critical situation concern
ing tho authority of the Versailles war
council; Russia is revealing an intern
al situation of growing confusion that
may turn out to be the greatest crisis
of all.
At no previous period in the war has
there been so intense a feeling of gen
oral suspense as now exists. It is as if
an instinctive belief had begun to cir
terpretation placed hero today in many
quarters on the announcement of Lloyd-
George that the Versailles supreme war been closely followed and endorsed by
council plan naa been rormuiutett main- practically all the European leaders.
lies ,as wen as tuo reservoir of man
power gives her a constantly growing
direction of the war. While the Versail
les plan is for unity of action, the Am
orican stamp oil affairs is likely to bo
ruoro predominant in tho future, es
pecially after we have placed a lurgo
army in tho field.
Tho plan announced by Lloyd-George
is regarded as accomplishing a unity of
military control which had been lucking
up to now.
Already President Wilson has assum
cd diplomatic leadership. His expres
sions in war aims of this country havo
OF MONTANA JUDGE
(Contiiued on peg two)
Abe Martin
Charles L Crum Has Ap-
peared As Character Wit
nesses for Disloyalists
Helena, Mont., Feb. 20. Supporting
charges of seditious utterances made
against District Judge Charles L. Crum
of Worsyth, Governor Sam V. Stewart
today placed over one hundred affida
vits before the Montana legislature,
which has been asked to impeach Crum.
Action in the case is expected today.
Crum is at Miles City, where his sod
is seriously ill. The charges against the
judge are the result of several months
brewing. He was recently interrogated
for two hours regarding his patriotism
by a committee named for the purpose
after Crum appeared as a character wit
ness for a man charged .with making
treasonable utterances.
Two Are Indicted.
Great Falls, Mont., Feb. 20. Two in
dictments charging pro-German utter
ances, were returned today by the fed
eral grand jury against prominent Mon
tanans. They are Dr. Gustaf I'ittaken
en, a Butte dentist, and William B.
Burhardt, of Judith Gap.
To Assist Farmer.
Helena, Mont., Feb. 20. Unexpected
opposition today developed against the
I bill to appropriate $-W),W)D to supply
farmers seed grain. The opponents con-
A committee called on Constable Plum Itend the measure is unconstitutional.
t'day an' urged him t' reopen th' rab- The bill provides for distribution of
bit season. Who remembers th' ole song i the money through the state counsel of
"He Never Cares t'Wonder From Hisj
Own Fireside?" ' (Continued on page two)
The discrepancy between his interpre
tation of tho last sjleech of Count Czer-
nin and tho reception accorded Czer
nin 's speech by Lloyd-George is regard
ed by olficiuls and diplomats of both
countries as valuable rather than other
wise now.
Britain as a wholo has endorsed the
Wilson view. Labor, both in England
and Amcuca, has approved it. And the
difference of opinion between Wilson
anl l.ioyd George is expected to result
in oi. or the other or both of tho states
men tpcuHng again to make more clear
his objectives before the world.
As one diplomat put it today, America
has become the hub of the diplomatic
universo, and to her the fighting powers
must more and more look for guidance,
as well as material assistance in mo
war.
Canadian Print Paper
Coming From Canada
Washington, Feb. 20. The war board
today issued a blanket license for all
news print paper to pass across the
Canadian border. In response to appeals
from publishers all over the country,
Chairman McC'ormick instructed all cus
toms agents to pass print paper auto
matically. Tho blanket license further permits
importation from Canada of all commod
ities not mentioned in the president's
proclamation of November 28.
The blanket licenso will be in force
until revoked by the bureau of imports.
The war board urged all who desire
import licenses from other countries to
"hasten their applications."
SPECIAL WORK FOR REAMES.
OFFENSIVE WILL
BE LAUNCHED BY
GERMANS SOON
Correspondent at Front Says
. Blow Is Now Momentar
ily Expected
TEUTONS WILL USE TANKS
However. It Is OiHriaHv.
Mated that Allies Are
Superior In Strength
By William Philip Stoma
(United Press staff correspondent)
With the British Armies in the Fiell
Fob. 20. America, watch the west
front.
Civilization is on the threshhold of
the most colossal battle of all time
The Gorman offensive is expected momentarily.
With every gill of fitflitinir blood
GemiarJy has left; with iBvery belt
and nut of its war machinery in hand
with every ounce of strength of every
Kina iDenina tnenn, Hinuenbung nd
Ludondorff may hurl all into a finish
fight.
For Hohenzollernimn. this mav ha
the critical hour.
The Germans will use tanks, like
the British for tho first timo. Soma
of these will be equipped with, mortar
others with machine guns. They will
move almost four miles an hour.
Tho enemy is counting largoly on
gas. It is not likely its bombardmen
will last long. Its infantry will bo
driven forward with unprecedented fe
rocity German fashion after a few
hours of intense shelling.
AH pioees from trench mortars to
42 centimeter, guns will smash against
the British. The attack will probably
center in the Cambrai region, although
synchornized blows ero expected all
along the front.
Iho Germans probably will play their
trench mortars on flie barbed wire en
tanglements and front support trench
es, lhey will use their heu'y guns on
bait-tory positions roar guards, rail
ways, suspected concentrations and
rear approaches generally-
A heavy percentage of gas shells
will be used everywhere. High explos
ives will bo nsed against works.
Then, in endless waves, the Germans
will bo driven like cnttlo through tha
holes they will hope to have torn.
Like sharpers doping the workout or
race horses, the Uerman omcers are
tolling their men of the infallibility of
tho scheme. Nevertheless, the troops
are doubtful.
Impressions outlined in my Swisi
(Continued on page tws)
Washington, Feb. 20. Clarence L.
Reames, United States attorney for the
district of Portland, Ore., has been tem
porarily relieved from service in his dis
trict and has ben-appointed special as
sistant to Attorney General Gregory be
cause of the extraordinary amount of
war work. . '
Reames will handle all matters per
tainiag to onemy aliens, prosecutions of
treason and sedition laws and enforce
the cspionago act.
OPPOSE PRESIDENT'S
REQUEST FOR GREATER
POWER DURING WAR
Senator Underwood Speaks
Today Against Proposal
Made by Wilson
By L. C. Martin
(United Press Staff Correspondent)
Washington, leb. 20. The long ex
pected storm over granting President
Wilson any further general blanket war
powers broke today in the senate.
Senator Underwood, Alabama, is a,
speech on the railroad control bill, de
clared: "While we send our soldiers abroad
to fight to make the world safe for dem
ocracy we must not lost sight of keep
ing America democratic. We know dem
ocracy can never be safe in the hands
of an autocratic government when pow
er is placed in the hands of a man and
the country is governed by men and
not by laws.
"Our country possesses checks to
keep us from autocratic men and mob
despotism, provided congress will up
hold and maintain tho sovereign powers
of the people, but when congress reaches
the point where it is prepared to aban
don constitutional limitations and sur
render a government of law for a goT
ernment by a man, then danger is ahead
for the people of the United States."
Applying this warning, Underwood de
clared congress should not confer gen
eral powers on the president to maka
rules for conduct of the railroads un
der government control, but should do-
fine, specify and limit his powers.
The speed necessary in the beginning
of the war is no longer essential, Under
wood asserted, now that pressing war
needs have been met.
The time has come when we hav
(Con tinned oa page three)