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About Daily capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1903-1919 | View Entire Issue (July 30, 1910)
Second Section Pages 9 to 12 VOJj. XX. SAItEM, OREGON, SATURDAY, JULY 30, 1010. No. 170. - RATION ELASTICITY OF OPE OF MONROE DOCTRINE IN POTTING DOWN OF REBELL is Most suitable diplomatic garment to cover up inter- NATIONAL EYESORES .AND PRESIDENT TAFT MAY BE CALLED UPON TO INVOKE ITS POWER IN QUELLING THE DISTURB ANCES THAT ARE FAST REDUCING CONDITIONS IN THE RE PUBLIC OP NICARAGUA TO CHAOS. he : IS Washington, D. C. July 30. Re cent diplomatic developments and In ternational discussions Involving the attitude of European powers espec ially Germany toward Nicaragua havo brought the Monroe Doctrine In to the world's spot light again and the impression is strong that It will Boon be given a new application. The Monroe Doctrine Is. an elastic diplomatic garment not so elastic as the popular imagination dopicts it, but capable of so much stretching, when occasion demands, that it will -fit a multitude of situations however different. There has not been an administration sinco its inception in which this guiding principle has not been hauled out of its historic re cesses to do service In connection with one difficulty or another, and Indications are that President Taft's will bo no exception from this rule. Tho Monroe Doctrine is already spoken of as a most suitable diplo matic habiliment to enfold the Inter national eyesore, into which tho chaos of Nicaragua is fast developing, whilo the United States restores order and sets the struggling repub-' 11c on its feet again. Agitation has! already begun, too, in the Pcn-Amer- lean conference on tho part of the Latin-American governments which' owo much of their development to its existence, to make the doctrine now merely a declaration of tho United States a guiding principlo for the entire western hemisphere. Such a political profession of faith would mark a new era for tho two 'Americas. There is little doubt that the Mon roe Doctrine of the present day con tains much that was not contem plated by tho President who first gave it formal expression. Each ad ministration, In a crisis has tacked a now meaning on it or stretched an old meaning to greater lengths un til It has become " a coat of many colors, but nono the less a stout gar ment and showing no sign of wear. President Monroe, In his message of December 2, 1823, -uald: "The occa'slon has been judged proper for assorting as a principle in which the rights and interests of the United States are .involved, that the Amer ican continents, by the free and ln dependent conditions which they have assumed antl maintain, are hence forth not to bo considered as sub' Jects for future colonization by any European powers. We owe it, there fore, to candor, and to the amicable relations existing between the United States and those powers, to declare that we should consider any attempt on their part to extend their system to any portion' of this hemisphere as dangerous to our peace and safety. With tho existing colonies or de pendencies of any European power we have not interfered and shall not Interfere. But with the governments who havo declared their Independence atrtl maintained It, and whoso Inde pendence wo have, on great consider ation and on principles, acknowl edged, wo could not view any inter . position for tho purpose of opprea ' Blng them, or in controlling in any other manner their destiny, by any European power, or in any other fight than as tho manifestation of an unfriendly disposition toward the United States." Briefly tho Monroo Doctrine, as so uttered, declared against the Inter position of European powers in the affairs of the American States, the particular kind of Interposition be ing that undertaken for the purpose of controlling their political affairs and of extending to this hemisphere tho system in operation on the con tincnt of Europe. Out of the Monroo Doctrine, Luis M. Drago, Argentine minister of foreign affairs, evolved the now. famous Drago doctrine, declaring that "tho public debt cannot occa'slon armed intervention nor even the actual occupation of the territory of American nations by a European power." This naturally led to an other question. If the United States expressly declared against the occupation- of American territory by a European power, who is going to take the matter in charge when a country, much tho samo as Nicaragua now find herself, persists in such a couiso that there is no prospect that its debts will ever bo paid or its Just International obligations fulfilled? Freuidc-ni Poosevelt, In answer to this, tacked on another patch to the Monroe Doctrine, giving expression to the function of "police power" to be exercised by the United States in such contingencies. i "Chronic wrongdoing," he said in his message, of December 0, 1904, "or an impotence which results in u. general loosening of tho ties of civ ilized society, may in America, hb elsewhere, ultimately require inter vention by some civilized nation, and in the western hemisphere tho ad herence of tho United States to the Monroe Doctrine may force the United States, however reluctantly, in flagrant cases of such wrongdoing or impotence, to the exercise of an international police power." It may be for President Taft, In dealing with the Nicaraguan situa tion, to formulate still another phase of tho Monroo Doctrlno which has not yet come into view in tho diplo matic experiences of tho United States. Although President Monroe's namo Is attached to tho doctrine, tho prln- ' ciple underlying it goes further back, even to tho beginning of tho United States. Washington, in his farewell address, declared that tho policy of tho United States was to avoid entangling alliances with Euro pean powers. Tho Republican form of government was, in contradistinc tion to tho monarchical form pre , vailing in Europe, an Ideal for which the colonists had fought and to which they were passionately at tached. Anything threatening that ideal was to be looked upon as a foe. Whqn, therefore tho Holy Alliance was formed of the foremost Euro pean powers, with tho exception of Great Britain, the fledgling republic hold aloof with some suspicion of Its purposes; and, when tho alliance threatened to support Spain In main taining its grasp upon its Ame'Wcan colonios which were" fast dipping through her fingers tho occasion for tho declaration of tho Monroo Doc trine first aroso though tho senti ment underlying It had developed long before. With that declaration tho effort of! Europe to domlnato the world was, curtailed. The United States took! its place as a world power and the American ideal of government, as distinguished from that of Europe, assumed its sphere of control. A similarly momentous change in evitably will take place in tho orient when China rises to assert her in-J divlduallty. The world will then bo dominated by those spheres of diplo matic Influences European , the American and the far eastern. Tho last undoubtedly bolng under the guidance of China and Japan. Tho Monroo Doctrlno is the political gos pel of tho Western Hemisphere. That of tho Eastern is yet to he enunciated. PENSIONS FOR AGED PEOPLE. Washington, D. C July 30. Old age pensions in foreign coun- , , -.-I . I vestlgatlon by Congressman Froder- Sy8ll,Si lck Lundln (Repn., Ills.) Ho finds If f jj g fJ that they havo proved successful and ho is hopeful that some such pro vision for tho caro of tho aged may bo made In the United States. "Germany was the pioneer in tho movement," ho says, "with a law passed in 1889; amended in 1891 and perfected In 1899. Tho present j law covers 25 per cent of tho popula-( tlon and is compulsory in many in stances and voluntary In somo. Tho pension Is granted up to $57.50 n' year, according to class and weekly! premium paid. Beyond 70 years of age no incapacity need bo shown to avail tho beneficiary his or her pen sion. "Denmark fell Into lino in 1891. All persons over SO years of ago are eligible to pension benefits, with cer tain limitations as to residence, health and record of citizenship. "Laws were passed In Now Zea land at intervals from 1897 to 1908, when all of them consolidated to create a liberal and enlightened sys tern. Sixty-five years is the pension age, and to all thoso Who are without a minimum, competence and can show 35 years' honorablo resldenco In Now Zealand the government pays $2.50 weekly. The cost per capita of population is small. The bcnoflts conferred are free, and not only re dound to the benefit of pensioners, but to that of society Jn General. "Belgium adopted nn Insurance annuity and nationally sustained pen sion act in 1900. Annuities aro granted according to ago and amount of premium paid. Pensions aro paid to all over 66 years of age under cer tain prescribed conditions of want and disability. "Italy, Franco, and Australia aro operating systems of annuities and pensions. Old age relief is recog nized in these countries as an in stitution of worth, and tho systom cannot fail to grow with the advance of tho times. S BIG TATES PAY! OLLECTION TS CUSTOMS DUTIES PREM UM UPON C WHILE ONE-THIRD OF REVENUE FOR THE EXPENSE OF BILLION DOLLAR CONGRESSES ARE GARNERED FROM CUSTOM HOUSES IT COSTS UNCLE SAM ABOUT $300 FOR THE COLLECTION OF EVERY DOLLAR OF DUTY AT SOME OF THE MINOR STATIONS Washington, D. C, July 30. Somo of tho most expensive luxuries, comparatively speaking, maintained by Undo Sam! are) small customs houses, according to fleures lust made public. Scattered about the' country aro about 100 custom sta tlons. Through them tho govorn- mcnt collects tho tariff on Imported goods and various assessments on tho morchants. A large majority of tho customs houses aro extremely profit able, and they garner nearly one third of tho money spent by billion dollar congresses. Customs rccoipts at Port Joffcrson, Now York, wero so small, being nothing at all, that collector Arthur II. Randall sought to surrender tho post. For five years ho struggled to surrender tho shackles of tho offlco. The Treasury Department would fnln grant him freedom but could find nobody to take tho placo. Tho De partment relented a short tlmo ago, gavo Randall frcodom, closod tho of flco and transferred tho business, if there should bo any, to Now York. There aro othor ports whoro no difficulty is found in socurlng col lectors een if thero is little or no business. Some of thoso whoro tho receipts aggregated nothing last year, with tho expense of maintaining thorn, aro as follows: Tappahan nock, Va., $G64; Yaquina, Ore.. "Australia probably presents thet$l,034; Beaufort, N, C, $1,550; best example of growth and modern ization of tho old-age pension ldoi. (Continued on Page 11.) Brldgeton, N. J with seven em- jployes, $2,123; Cairo, Ills., $434; Galena, Ills., $405; Little Egg Har bor, N. J., $438; Nantucket, Mass., $362; Paducah, Ky $549, and Patchoguo, N. Y., $668. Tab is kopt by tho government on every custom house to find tho cost of collecting tho rovenue. Annapo lis had customs receipts of $3.09 last year and tho cost to tho government of collecting each dollar was $309.41. Thero aro considerable vessel busi ness at Alexandria, Vr.., but tho to tal customs receipts amounted to only $10 and on that basis the cost of collection on each dollar was $122.49. Tho amount paid for each dollar collected at somo othor points wero: Natchez, Miss., $52.76; St. Marys, Ga $45.40; Saco, Me., $41. 46; Groat Egg Harbor, N, J $25.14; Rock Island, Ills., $23,68; Tecue, La., $25,45 and Portsmouth, N. M $16.12. v In tho largo ports tho expense to tho government In collection of a dollar ranges from a llttlo over two cents to flvo cents In New York last year tho cost per dollar was 2.2 cents and tho aggregato receipts wero $202,655,809. The average cost ot collection in tho country was 6.4 cents. Customs houses are created by Congress and can bo abolished only by tho same authority. In the in terest of economy secretaries of tho treasury havo recommended that col lectors bo abolished at ports whoro there seems to bo not enough busi ness to Justify tho oxpenso. Mem bers in Congress, however, haver (Continued on Pago 11.) Come Meet Us Water This Summer at VP Improvements absolutely guar- r aoteed I I Sidewalks, Water I and Streets j . Auto Garage I I Hotel, Stable Tent City l l I THE OLD SALEM I GAMP GROUND ' aftgt""' I "Wo earnestly invito you to mako your SUMMER OUTING at NESKOWIN PARK, for wo predict that you will nevor bavo cause to regret that you chose this ideal spot. Of course you will take your annual vacation? Then, by all means, OOME TO NESKOWIN AND ENJOY LIFE. NESKOWIN represents much that iB beautiful to tho eye of tho lover of nature. Tho surroundings aro ideal, the location tho moat perfect of auy BEACH EESOET on tho whole OREGON COAST. In making tho foregoing assertion wo know that this may bo questioned, but wo extend to you our invi tation to come, visit and behold as wo havo seenr NESKOWIN has the most promising future. A beautiful littlo park "a stone's throw" from tho finest stretch of beach anywhere. Trout fishing on ono hand; deep sea fishing on tho other. Located in the heart of a prosperous dairy and farming community. Plenty of fresh milk, cheese, vegetables and sea food right at hand, This is tho placo that INVITES YOU COME. If you want to visit NESKOWIN if yoa want any information, out out tho coupon and mail TODAY NOW. Lots on sale at this Resort TO- RoiiLiE W. Watson, Tillamook City, Orogon. Please mail me map and literature of NJESKO WIN. Name. JPoitofflco , State. Out This Out and FflsJl TERMS: 4 cash, balance 112 payments No interest on deferred payments NESKOWIN A Beach Resort of Natural Superiority. A limited number of lots now for sale. Exten sive improvements under way, and lots will be increased as the improvements are extended. "Tillamook has somo ot tho finest beaches In tho world, and this fact has been made the basis for all man ner ot schemes to catch tho public on anything that may front on the ocean. Not one spot In a hundred can over be made into a practical summer home and no one should think of buying beach property without see ing it or having some trusted friend see it for them." . HOTEL. Guests should engage accomodation by mall. GENERAL STORK. Offering a Full Une at reasonable pries. CAMP GROUNDS FJtKK. The finest on the Coast and aspsoial ears for wants of campers. Tlio Improvements at NESKOWIN aro now being made. From 00 to 40 men nro in tho employ of tho No, kowln Company to make tliebo improvement. We aro ottering to the people of Sulom and vicinity an op. portunlty to purchase them a Summer Homo at prices that will at tho present time no mora than pay for tho Improvements being mado. TJio price of the projKjrty will bo advanced in the near future. Salem People, This is Your Opportunity. NHSKOWIN IS YOUR NEAREST AND MOST ACGESSIUTiE RESORT. Tho beauties of NATURE'S OWN ATTRACTIONS have been tho mighty muguuto drawing people to this resort for tho past twonty-Avo ycw. 1'IiACK VOUIt MONEY AT NHSKOWIN AND YOU WILTj NEVER RRGRET THAT YOU HAVE DONE SO. Watch this paper for further announcements.