Tillamook headlight., August 09, 1906, Image 6

TO BREED RESISTANT PLANTS.
smooth, flabby leaves and decumbent
stems.
The evidence at hand seems to
justify the hope that the combined ef­
forts of potato specialists working
from both the practical and the scien­
tific standpoints may soon result in
the development of varieties of pota­
toes combining general excellence with
a high degree of disease resistance.
¿
Crops, Proof Against Insects or Disease Can
Be Grown by the Farmer.
GUY ELLIOTT MITCHELL.
CANTALOUPES.
The farmer’s too greatest foes are i a very useful purpose in turning the
(Meets and plant diseases.
He can, thought of scientific and practical men
as well, in the direction of the de­
by a proper rotation of crops and
velopment of disease-resistant varieties
p'iertllization, convert a poor into a rich with results which promise to prove
1 soil, and he can stimulate plant growth of great practical utility.
by plenty of fertilization.
By the
P otatoes .
•ame process be can keep down the
1 weeds which rob his crops of nourish­ During recent years the disease re­
ment and moisture. He can, to a great sistance of potatoes especially has re­
extent, overcome, with but little ceived attention by several of the
* trouble, all the various smaller hin­ agricultural experiment stations in the
drances to crop growing—all but the United States, notably those of Maine,
A recent
bugs and the blight. These twain are Minnesota, and Vermont.
hard to handle. None is so arrogant bulletin of the Bureau of Plant In
as to profess indifferent to their at­ dustry of the Department of Agricul
tacks. Not many years ago they were ture, prepared by L. R. Jones, of the
expected, not the less dreaded, espe­ Vermont Station, summarizes and dis
cially the blights and the rots and the cusses this work, and that along sim
mildews; they were the natural visita­ liar lines abroad, as well as the ex
tions of providence. There was no perlence of practical growers. Sum
use trying to combat them. If they marizing the results, Professor Jones
came, they came. The farmer prayed draws the following tentative con
that they might not come that year. elusions:
Disease resistance in potatoes is
Now, science has shown us that they
can, in most cases, be overcome. If relative, not absolute, no variety '
not overcome, they can be prevented. known being wholly proof against late
Ye|t the process is often fraught with blight and rot It seems related to
great trouble and expense to the general vegetative vigor, and is, there­
fore, in a measure dependent upon
farmer.
Now suppose a man could develop cultural and developmental conditions
a strain of plants so hardy that and tends to decrease with the age of
blights and rust would pass them by the variety. It can be restored by
in disgust and so bitter and unsavory originating new varieties from seed,
for a bug that the hymenoptera, the especially of hybrid origin. Not all
coleóptera and the other “toughs” of seedlings show superior disease re­
the insect trust would pass by and sistance. • • •
Early varieties may escape the dis
prefer to eat oak and hickory leaves?
It would be a cinch for that man, ease by maturing before it becomes
would It not? He could sit In the epidemic, but when similarly exposed
■hade and hire myrmidons to do his they are, as a class, less resistant than
work, directing those close at hand late varieties.
in person and those at a distance by The source of seed tubers is a mat
telephone. Such a condition may be ter of Importance, northern-grown
possible. The man who gets In first seed giving plants the superior disease
would be the one to sit in the shade resistance in Europe. Seed from a
and reap the advantage. Eventually crop that was not too highly fertilized
we would all get on to the scheme, is probably preferable. Possibly tub
and, unless the population of the world ers are better for seed purposes if dug
Increased with accelerated rapidity, before they reach full maturity. High
there would be an over-production of fertilization, especially with nitro­
food products and prices would eventu­ genous manures, lowers the power of
ally get back to their present level, the plant to resist both blight and
so that we would all have to work rot.
So far as skin characteristics are an
again.
The Department of Agriculture and index, the red varieties with thick
some of the experiment stations have and rough skin seem more resistant
been working along this line of se­ as a class than the thin-skinned white
lecting resistant plants with the idea varieties. So far as stem and foliage
of at least giving the enterprising characters are concerned, the evi­
dence favors the stem that is hard
American farmer a good big start.
In the aggregate enormous crop rough, and rather woody at the has"
losses—millions and millions—are and the leaf that is small, somewhat
caused by the attacks of insects and rough, and dark colored.
plant diseases. In dry weather in­ In America trials as to disease re­
sects are particularly abundant, and sistance have been conducted at some
in wet weather plant diseases flour- of the experiment stations, notably In
A recent bulletin of the Colorado
Station reports the discovery by a
local grower of a rust-resisting canta­
loupe which promises to be of im­
mense value to the Rockyford canta­
loupe industry. In this case seed of
the Rockyford variety was purchased
from five different seedsmen.
They
were planted and cultivated under sim
ilar conditions. When rust attacked
the field just before the melons began
to ripen, it developed rapidly and soon
destroyed all the vines except those
B
“JACKSON” COTTON ON THE LEFT. "DRAKE" ON THE RIGHT,
Comparative Resistance to Wilt Disease.
STYLES FUR WARM WEATHER.
Fashions for Heated Term are in
Harmony with Comfort-
BY BERTHA BROWNING.
The summer fashions have become
quite as settled as they are apt to dur­
ing the Beason, and those wardrobes
which are just preparing have the ad­
vantage of being exactly what is de­
sired rather than an uncertain fore­
cast The woman who enjoys the cool
breezes of her own veranda rather than
the uncertain comforts of some other
may utilize many a summer morning
in fashioning pretty blouses of thin
material and dainty little coats of lace
or lingerie fabrics. It is the detail
which makes up the fashionable ward­
robes, and any woman who is clever
with her fingers may make these
small garments or accessories without
a great deal of expense, and satisfy
Germany makes more than 1700
varieties of sausages.
The grape harvest of California to
•bout 750,000 tons valued at »15,000,-
000.
____
Ink and fruit stains may be removed
from white linens and cottons by
soaking them for a few hours in kero-
sene, then washing in hot water.
Iron
WANTED: Amateur phutoirranhf
art and advertising subjects. Manon
with postage for return If not
R. Lawrence Company, 274 WabJ
and Prompt settlement. Alfred
Haber. 340 Dearborn St., Chicago. 11L
I
Black.
"IRON" COWPEA VS. "BLACK” AND "TAYLOR,"
Showing Comparative Resistance to Wilt amf Root Knot.
grown from the seed of one seedsman. her desire for becomingness and style.
Many of the hills from this strain of
Summer gowns are real summer
Rockyford
seed
remained green gowns this year, and Mistress Fashion
throughout the season and produced seems to be more in Harmony with
a good crop of melons. Further obser­ comfort than for some years past.
vations in the muskmelon fields of Waists may be elaborately inset with
that neighborhood also showed that lace or embroidered, but they are
wherever this strain of Rockyford seed simply made and with lacey collars or
had been used many hills were unaf­ low, round or Dutch square necks.
fected with rust, while with other Everyone is wearing elbow sleeves ex­
strains of seed of the same variety cept those with scrawny arms, and for
the vines were all dead.
them there are sheer undersleeves
The Investigator selected a quantity which conceal any number of ugly
of seed from the rust-resistant hills lines. Guimps, too, are popular fea­
>.nd planted them in comparison with ture this year, and may be purchased
ordinary seed. “On the rust-resisting reasonably in all manner of pretty
hills the melons were hidden under a styles or be made at. home? Some of
healthy gaowth of vines, and were the daintiest effects are realized in the
large, solidly netted, with thick, firm combination of Valencinnes and swlss
flesh, small seed cavity completely or lawn.
filled with seed. On the rusted hills The delicately colored slips are ap­
the plants were almost devoid of leaves pearing again, and under the sheer
and the small melons were premature­ white
dresses are quite enchanting. A
ly ripe, with thin, watery flesh, open,
large seed cavity, and practically of white embroidered Swiss over a pink
no market value.”
In tracing back the history of this
strain of seed it was found that some
years before a seedsman had saved the
first lot from a single healthy melon
taken from a field of rusted vines. It
had therefore been developed by the
simple process of saving seed from
the best melons produced by plants
which withstood attacks of rust when
surrounding plants were destroyed by
this disease. What was thus accom­
plished by one farmer with one crop
can probably be accomplished by other
farmers with the same or with other
crops, if they will be alert, while the
crops are growing, to select and mark
Individual plants which show excep­
tional merit along the lines of pro­
lific yield, early maturity, resistance to
disease, or other desirable quality, and I
save seed separately from the plant
showing such qualities. Marked va-1
riations which may be profitably util­
ized in this way are constantly occur­
ring and are plainly evident on all
farms.
The point to be emphasized Is that
improvements in farm crop varieties
nearly always trace back to individual
plants. No one is In better position
to notice these exceptional plants than
the farmer. He is in his fields, gar
den, or orchard, every day, where these
exceptional plants are produced. If
one plant in a rust-infected wheat
field stands up green and free from
the disease, that is a plant to save
seed from as the basis of a rust-re
sistant strain. If one hill of pota
toes in a blighted field remains unaf­
fected by disease, seed from that hill
may produce a blight-resistant variety slip has a deep yoke of Dutchess lace
If a squash ptint is found that is dis­ inlet with Valencinnes. The skirt is
tasteful ta> the squash bug. seed from frothy with frills and tucks of the self
and inset and cross-strapped
that hill may produce squash vines material
'
with Valencinnes. The belt is of palest
which the bugs will not molest
chiffon ribbon. Small capos are
The important fact is that some pink
1
looked upon with favor, espe­
plants are much more resistant to dis- again
1
the little mantles which go with
ease and Insect attacks than others. cially
'
It is a question of seeing the resistant three-piece suits or those of lace or
lingerie fabric which grace thin sum­
mer frocks. The return of these is
probably due to the return of the small
bolero which has appeared in all man­
ner of shapes and styles, the sleeves
of which often resemble cape-like af­
fairs.
The long gloves which are worn with
short sleeves are held up in a novel
way by wristlets of elastic covered
with shirred ribbon and finished at the
top with a buckle or tiny rosette of
ribbon. These are worn just below
the elbow or above wherever the glove
is supposed to end. They hold the
glove in place admirably and are a
pretty addition to the toilette The fa­
vorite color for these bracelets is black,
but any color of glove la matched in
these tiny accessories.
Ish, while in average weather both do Vermont. where experiments in breed
the best they can to gather the crop Ing and selection for increased re­
ahead of the farmer. Many plant dis sistance are under way. These results
eases and Insects can be controlled by have been correlated wlth Information
the various poisons, sprays, and cul­ recently secured by a circular of In-
tural methods already discovered, but qulry addressed to a large number of
for some—as, for example, the rust of potato specialists in the Northeastern
wheat, peach yellows, clover-seed fly, States and in Canada. From these it
etc.—satisfactory remedies have not | appears that a wide variation is shown
yet been discovered.
In disease resistance among the varie­
Some Instances may be cited to show ties now in cultivation in America,
just what Is meant by resistant or Im but that no one variety is preeminent.
ttiune varieties and their value. Grapes
Among those which have been wide­
furnish a striking example. Euro­ ly tested, the following deserve men­
pean grapes planted in this country tion as of the resistant class: Dakoto
fail wherever the American grape-root Red. Rustproof, Irish. Cobbler, Sir
louse Is present, because the louse Is Walter Raleigh. Doe Pride, and White
able to attack and destroy the roots lleauty.
Of these varieties. The roots of na
In tests made at the Vermont sta-
tlve American grapes are also attacle ' tlon in 1905 the following varieties
by the same louse, but are so hard ar
wiry that the louse can not destr,
them. In other words they are re
•lstant.
The unusual resistance of the Keif
fer pear to blight has made it pos
sible to grow this pear in the South
ern States, where most other varie
ties fall because of blight. The va­
riety of cowpea known as Little Iron
has proved so resistant to wilt disease
that in some fields it has survived
when all other varieties have been
killed. American gooseberries are but
II tie subject to the mildew which se
r.ously affects the larger English va
rletles when grown here. With nearly ;
every crop grown, some of its vari­
eties are more resistant or Immune to
some disease or Insect attack than
other«.
Some varieties of the same plant
are but little affected by a disease,
while others are badly Injured. Va
riatlons In this respect also extend
to Individual plants of a given variety.
These facta have been utilized to
Mtns extent In the origination of the Roots of “Iron" Cowpe», Resistant
Roots of "Wonderful" Cowpea." At-
varloiw so-called “disease-proof" va
to Root Knot
tacked by Root Knot.
rletles which have been Introduced
Into culture—as. for example, the showed marked resistance to blieht on i plant and propagating from It. The
“rust-proof varieties of wheat, oats both sandy loam and clay loam soils:
etc. As a rule, however, these varie­ Keeper. American Wonder Dakota fanner has as great opportunity for
ties have not been developed by any Red. Doe Pride, and Late Rllghtless doing this as the seedsman.
svstematle. scientific methode of ae-
Varieties having an upright habit
lection and breeding, and although a of growth, moderately branched, with
The gold money of the world ta *4-
few show merit, most of them have flrm. hairy, medium-sited leaves are « for each Inhabitant and the gold
not measured up to the claims made much more likely to prove resistant to
for them. They ham however, served lata blight than are those with large. money In the United States la 316.33
for each inhabitant
WANTED; ▲Hundred
different railroads. Age aj lq If“
hearing. Experience unnecmaS
monthly, become Engineers ana ¿J
men *7u monthly, become • unaUcmr
Poaltlona awaiting competent nu.ni
particular*. Name position
Aaaoclation, Room 66, XT? iiunrue ata?*
Dew forms more readily on some
colors than on others. It forms more
readily on yellow objects, next on
those that are green. It forms slowly
on anything red, and most slowly on
black.
TH« DANGEROUS SIMMER SEASON WITH
ITS TEKHlIll.K AND EXH AUSTIN« HEAT
is sow rm is. evekv ounc « OF
SUPERFLUOUS FAT IS HI HOSS.
SOME. I SHZAI THl AMD HHINGS
Ml t H MISERY AMD DANUER
WHICH MAT MEAN DEATH.
Taylor
MALE HELP WANTED
ADVERTISING men »deoil
•ought lor cou«uuitb. « .
balurl.s »UA-Siiam w rile u.
bmu, iw, □uL-jmhrow.v.uy. r . v
The nonntatton of the Rrlttah emnfre
’• 400 000 000 and the area 11,908,3"*
•quare miles.
The greatest iron producing state In
the South Is Alabama. Virginia comes
second. Tennessee third Maryland
fourth and West Virginia fifth.
The amount of
destmvod
bv fire in the Valted States tn the la«»
forty rears Is incalculable. More than
one million buildings have been
burned tn the last ten years.
I can reduce your weight
8 too pounds a week. No
starving, no exercising, no
nauseating drugs nor sick­
ening pills that ruin the
stomacn. lam a regular«
practicing physician and a
specialist in the
successful reduc­
tion of superfluous
fat. My perfected
treatment quickly
relieves you from
that feeling of full»
nets and oppres­
sion, strengthens your heart,
and enables you to breathe easily, and when you
have reduced your flesh to the desired weight, you
will never become stout again. Your face and
figure will be well shaped. Your skin will beclear
and handsome and you will feel and look years
younger. Double or und-r-chin, flabby cbeeks,
heavy abdomen, fat hips and other disagreeable
evidences of Obesity are speedily and permanently
removed. The flesh becomes firm and solid and
i he muscles regain strength, activity and vigor.
My treatment is recommended by eminent phy­
sicians and the highest medical authorities. Prom­
inent physicians them selves are my patients. I
absolutely guarantee satisfaction in every case.
I send my new book on “ Obesity—Its Cause and
Cure,” free to all interested; also a free trial
treatment. Write me confldentiallv.
i
MEN A BOYS WANTED to learn th«
Trade. Complete the course lniorlrt
niors earn from 13 to H per day with
experience outside, you can Join the tt £L
roand 64 to |5 per day. Catalogue w’nt &
Plumbing School, 163 w. 29th St., New York!
LADIES* APPAR.EL
keepn waist down all around : no pins*»
tear: send 25c. with waist measurenientLii?*1*
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pine Stre® t New York.
orw* |
QTL BOYSIil OH. BO¥11 If
<
wk
\ 1
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Earn this newly Invented BREF cp
LOADING GtW or BASE BAI'
OUTFIT, consisting of lam Mrtt
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24 splendid lead pencils at fc. exh
It’s dead easy; boys we trust ion
Write for Pencils and circular
showing Gun, Indian Suite,Tanet
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Thirteenth Street Lead
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ILG.»lADfOP,MA2Otet224SLDtt 4»8.NlwYorfc<Hy.
I PALISADE PATTERNS.
A PRACTICAL APRON
Designed by B ertha B rowning .
Aprons are always a topic of interest to the
housewife or any woman who ha* duties to
perform as they are not only a necessary evil
but a necessary good. Percale and denim are
sturdy stuffs for aprons which must do hard
general service where no ruffles or gathers ap­
pear and this design is exactly suited to such
use and development, No ruffles or gathersadd
to the labor of making and laundering this
apron while the bib portion is broad enough to
cover the front of the blouse and so shaped as
to suggest the Princess effect. The fitting of
the front by gores renders it becoming and
practical. The skirt portion offers complete
protection for the skirt. Percale, gingham or
another apron material may develop the model
Four and three-fourth yards of 86-inch material
are necessary in the medium sizes.
6476—Sizes, small, medium and large.
PALISADE PATTERN CO.,
17 Battery Place, New York City.
For 10 cents enclosed please send pattern
No. 6476 to the following address:
NAME.
ADDRESS.
CITY and STATE,
Number 6478.
PRICE, 10 CENTS EACH.
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Ardùtect 1 Dratta-«
Arckiicct _
____
Stradata! Laftasta
feta«< EaftaMf
MaaiM