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FOOD ADULTERATIONS—WATERFOWLS.
GUV ELLIOTT MITCHELL,
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In these days of so much talk about
pure foods, and with the protective
legislation by Congress on the subject,
the bulletin of the Bureau of Chem
istry, Department of Agriculture, on
“Some Forms of Food Adulterations
and Simple Methods for Their Detec
tion’’ is very timely.
Since the middle of the last century
the subject of food adulteration has
attracted a constantly increasing
amount of attention. In this country,
however, very little was done in this
line until about 1880. In 1881 the
Division of Chemistry began the study
of food adulteration, and since then
has given a great d-.-al of time to the
subject. Since 1898 the origin and
pla< e of manufacture of the foods
studied by the Bureau have been care
fully noted and special attention also
given to Imported foods.
In 1883 the first practicable food
inspection law in the United States was
facturera that the addition of a pre
servative to food does not properly
constitute adulteration liecause the pre
servatives added are of greater com-
mercial value than the foods them
selves. Such a claim, however, seems
to be nothing but a play upon words.
For instance, benzoate of soda has a
greater commercial value, weight for
weight, than tomatoes, and the claim
has been made that for that reason
its addition to tomatoes actually in
creases the expense of the preparation
of tomato catsup. As a matter of fact,
however, it permits the tomato pulp
to be prepared in large quantities and
preserved in barrels in a much less ex
pensive way than can he done without
its use. it is evident, therefore, that
even though the preservative employed
is more expensive than the substance
to which it is added, the addition is
really made for the purpose of cheap
ening the product. It is not for thia
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enacted In Massachusetts. Since that reason that such a substance is prop
time other States have enacted and erly called an adulterant, however, but
enforced food laws, until at the pres because it is an added foreign sub
ent time twenty-five States are seri stance and is neither a food nor a con
ously attempting to regulate the char diment. These definitions cannot be
acter and quality of the foods sold in emphasized too strongly. Adulterated
their markets. In three additional foods are not necessarily unwholesome
States laws relating to the purity of foods.
dairy products are enforced, aud in
The bulletin published by the De-
several others a beginning has been partment gives in detail the various
made.
kinds of adulterants and additions to
Food Regulation Abroad.
Food legislation has received much
attention abroad and the more ad
vanced foreign countries have effective
food laws and enforce them rigidly,
’me subject of the purity of foods Is
more widely studied in the United
States now than at any previous time.
The people as a whole are better in
formed on the subject than ever before,
and there is a constantly increasing
demand for definite information. In
response to a very large number ot
inquiries regarding the matter the bul
letin of the Bureau of Chemistry has
been prepared as a popular statement
regarding the nature and extent of
food adulteration, and includes simple
tests by which the housekeeper or re
tail dealer may determine some of
the more prevalent forms of adultera
tion practiced.
The demand for Information on this
subject Is now very general, and, as
Is often the case when public Interest
is deeply aroused, there is an unfor
tunate tendency toward exaggeration
which irequently amounts to sensa
tionalism. Such an attitude is of
course to be deplored, and unless it is
checked must sooner or later react
unfavorably. It is not unusual to
speak of some of our typical foods as
poisoned, and of the manufacturers as
poisoners. Such characterizations are
frequently exaggerations to the point
of untruth. Deleterious substances
are In many cases added to foods. At
the same time the word "poison’’ has a
very strong and distinct significance
and should not be applied to any one
of the substances ordinarily added to
foods, except in the sense that they are
harmful. The word "poisoner" signi
fies a person who intentionally and de
liberately administers an article in
ti n I, d to
illy, or at least
very disastrously to health.
WHITE
The Juggling of Words.
During recent years there has been the ordinary beverages and foods used
a tendency to confuse the minds of in ordinary
_________
consumption,
and also
iany by an incorrect use of certain
means of detecting the presence
words frequently used In the discussion simple
of
the
foreign
matter
contained
of foods, it is the policy of some man them. The pamphlet should occupy in a
ufacturers to limit the word "adulter prominent place In every household
ated" to foods to which havo been
and can be obtained upon ap
added substances of lower value than library,
the foods themselves with the Inten plication to the Division of Publica
tion of increasing the weight or vol tions, Department of Agriculture.
ume. Thia limitation Is certainly not
Feeds Fowls Automatically.
justified by the English language nor
by the facts, and such a restriction of
A farmer in Oregon, who owns a
the term is entirely unwarranted. The small poultry farm, has devised a novel
word “adulterated” properly describes method of feeding h‘g chickens during
a food to which any noncondimental his absence. In each vard he has
foreign substance, not properly con erected troughs to hold food for the
stituting a portion of the food, has | hens, ami these are connected bv wire
been added. The fact that the added with an alarm clock in the farmhouse.
substance may be nt time« of a greater, Wh.-n the owner leaves home In the
commercial value than the food Itself! morning he sets the alarm clock at
has no bearing on the question. Con-1 the hour of feeding the chickens, and
veraely, the word ‘pure" Is properly! ??’
arrangement, when
applicable to foods that are unmlxed the time arrives the alarm goes off
with any foreign substance. It may I the connecting wire
._ releases the
be wholesome or unwholesome, but troughs, and the food is spread before
thia property ia not Indicated by the the hungry fowls.
word "pore" or "adulterated." This I
definition Is not. of course, complete
The area of the new state of Okla
The claim is made by some manu-, homa will be over 70,000 square mllM.
A
A
'S
FREE TRIAL FOR TEN DAYS^ mmmbim »^
To every thousand population in
this country there are just 2 dozen
people troubled with bunions. I he
torture they suffer is unnecessary, for
there is a device that is absolutely
guaranteed to remove the pain the
moment it is applied. This device is
available to try for the mere asking.
We can afford.to make this offer
because we did it successfully last
A
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Water-Fowl in New England.
re
Broiler ducks are grown by the thou
sands in several localities of Pennsyl
ei
vania, New Jersey and Dong Island, as
iu
well as elsewhere, the greatest num
the sore spot
J
ber, however, coming from the first
It is worn over the stocking, fills outfcehollo, I
Kt
named sections. One farm alone dur
ing the year just passed marketed 37,-
tiz
places
in
the
foot
and
acts
a
,
year in 122,000 cases
000 broiler ducks from its plant. But
F t
bridging. In this way the shoe
New England is the home or breeding
and we lost less than
r1
grounds of the best quality of market
is absolutely prevented fa»
1 per cent of all the
geese sold in this country. The most
Pc
coming in contact with the sort
careful, the most determined anB the
shipped
r"
goods we
L.
most successful breeders and handlers
spot The swelling is removed,
through
our
mail-order
of high quality market geese are scat
11
it strengthens the shank
tered from Rhode Island to the end of
department.
84 per
Massachusetts.
the foot a natural form aru
cent of all bunion suf
ir.
The old-time common or gray goose
Retains the Perfect Shape and Correct U ihi
on
both
feet,
has been largely displaced by the state-
ferers
are
troubled
1
of the Shoe. A larger shoe in not required than ¡3 Mcq.
ly Embden, Toulouse, African and
If no dealer in your city has our goods in sary to wear for comfort.
China species. The Embden and the
An absolutely proper fit can be obtained by the
Toulouse are the result of a union of
stock, we send, Free on ten days use of the protector. Remember we absolutely guar
the efforts of the French and the Eng
Trial one Fischer Bunion antee that the protector will hold the large toe joint in
lish. The African, the Hong Kong and THE \
natural position, will prevent all friction, irritation
the China geese came, perhaps, from FISCHER-.
Protector and you take abso its
or pressure from the bunion, will form a firm wall all
the Asiatic countries.
lutely no risk.
You need not around the bunion and will give instant relief and last
Recently, at the Boston Poultry MFG. CO.,\
u
ing comfort. It is self adjusting, will always hold its
Show, was exhibited the finest lot of MILWAUKEE\O even send postage. We assume place
and requires no buckling or strapping. All you
geese that have been shown in this 'dTRsrnTT st
cvery exP«086- If at the end nave to do is to put it on and forget it’s there. Any
i
country for all time. One pair of
I’
shoe dealer or druggist can obtain the Fischer Bunion
Embden (pure white geese) reached the
,
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of
the
trial
period
you
are
Gentlemen: Send me one \ q
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Protector for you. If his jobber does not handle it,
y.‘
enormous weight of 58 pounds and the Fischer
Bunion Protector for
not relieved you return
show him this advertisement and tell him towrite to us
Toulouse (gray market geese) almost the......................... foot which I
direct. If he will not obtain the protector on trial for
equaled them in size. Next to these in
left or right
*
the protector to US.
you, write us telling us the foot on which you wish to
to try for ten day«. If satis- \
quality is the African, so much valued agree
ta<tory I will remit 50c in parment
That
ends
the
trails-
give
the protector a trial and the size shoe you wear
for the rearing of what are known as for same, if not I agree to return the \
t
and
we will send the protector immediately. Inquire
protector to you.
\
aCtlOll.
But if
the mongrel geese.
of your dealer today or write to us.
The white Embden, said to have My name is...
originated from the visit of a swan to My St. and No
Fili in this Coupon stating which foot, your name, address etc., and we will send the protector st
some of the commoner flock of a town
ice. If you do not care to send Coupon write us a letter containing the same information
of thesame name on the Continent, have
asked here.
been carefully bred and selected until
they are very large, handsome white
geese, which seem to be valued first
as a true-bred variety for the producing
of feathers and market poultry. The
Toulouse that came from France are
BEAUTIFUL WOMEN! YOUR FORM AND FIG
fully their equal in every way, except
that the feathers are gray or mixed
URE MADE PERFECT.
with gray instead of pure white.
I give ths greatest beauty secret on earth free to all women. I will show yon the way,
it
Is
very
simple.
My
perfected,
natural method of treatment will actually and permanently
What is known as the wild or Can-
develop and enlarge the bust from 5 to 6 inches and give that swelling and rounded, firm
proportion of Nature—that queenly bearing so attractive to all. Thin cheeks, neck and
ada goose, mated with an African, pro
arms made plump and beautiful. Crow’s feet, wrinkles from around ths eyes and mouth aro
duces the mongrel goose, so highly
scientifically removed. Do not despair on account of age. Beauty of form, flexibility and
clearness of the skin, free from wrinkles, and freshness of youth always follow the useot
valued in the Eastern markets from
my perfected, natural treatment.
Thanksgiving through Christmas times.
Whatever you may lack in the way of perfect form of flgnre, Nature will generously
supply for you if you use my treatment, as it rigorously and positively stimulates the devel
When the Canada gander and the Afri
oping forces of Nature and makes plump and beautiful the flat and sunken places and
can goose become properly mated they
creates the most fascinating and beautiful curves. My scientific method must not be con
fused with the many quack drugs and remedies, or creams, because it has a purely scientific
will be constant one to the other to the
basis in strict accordance with physiological and anatomical principles. It assures fair,
fresh skin, rosy cheeks, beautiful shoulders, an ideal figure, even in the most hopeless cases.
end of their existence, growing each
I absolutely guarantee satisfaction. My new book containing “before and after” illustra
year one or two broods of mongrel
tions, and information how to develop yourself at home will be sent you free and prepaid.
Address confidentially, Department 68, THE DELMAK ASSOCIATION, Delmar Building, 24
geese that are ready for market during
East 23d St., New York City.
Thanksgiving and Christmas times and
dress to a weight at this age heavier
A B ■-Can eavo a Lot ol W«t
than either of the parent pair. The ceases by the middle of January. Fol.
W n I IgMiy«
.LLut olgm
Selling Chicks a Day Old.
mH.
- -T- Yr IBffXTH
quality of the meat is excellent, the lowing this, comes the sale of the
in Increase Your Comtwtt
The
hatching
of
chicks
in
quantities
price obtained ranging from $2.75 to capons and the virgin cockerels, so and then selling them direct to poultry
Can Increase Your PrwflW
___
$4 each, according to the season and highly prized in New England.
and fanciers is a business that
If von are interested in those thing« f
the quality and finish of the individual
The scientific part of the handling ot breeders
we’d like to send you our new book about
is developing all over the country,
specimens themselves.
geese is growing them to a condition largely doing away with the bother of
These, with the Embden, the Tou
sitting hens and the detail and atten
louse and the China geese furnish the
tion entailed by operating an incu
high-priced geese for the winter mar
bator. The plan is simplicity Itself.
kets. No one of these of the better
Experienced incubator operators put in
More than a million and a quarter of them tn
qualities is ever sold for less than 28 tc
substantial hatching plants solely for tn use and several hundred thousand farmer« ay
30 cents per pound, and there is a ready
that they are the best investment they ever Bude.
the production and immediate disposi They’ll eave you more money, more work, fire bet
sale for all of them ottered at these
tion of chicks direct to poultry people, ter service and greater satisfaction than any other
prices. In addition to these, thousands
metal wheel made— because They’re Made Bettor.
both
amateur and professional. For
of geese are gathered from as far north
every test they are the best. Spokes united to
the most part the new method possesses By
the hub. If they work loose, your money back.
as Nova Scotia, down through all the
Don’t buy wheels nor wagon until you reed ow
some
range
in
its
application.
It
has
States of the Western part of the couu-
book. It may save you many dollars and lt'l tree.
been found that day-old chicks will
ELEOTRIO WHEEL 00. _
bear shipment to a considerable dis
Box 263
Quinsy, IHz.
tance, and that a car ride of from ten
to fifteen and twenty hours is not con
sidered extra hazardous. Prices for
day-old chicks are a matter of barter
between seller and buyer, something
depending on.the breeds and strains,
but usually ranging $1.50 and up per
ELECTRIC
dozen.
There are several establishments in
this country which make this an ex
i i I kl -I*!*] il J
clusive business, and enjoy a hatching
How to select • Rood fnrnioe.
•
capacity of from 1,000 to 6,000 eggs at
LwriC Lefler Steel Furn.ee cost.
PAIR OF GRAY AFRICAN GEESE,
BCH’TJ paid. Oth.ralae.. Write. HeMWjJT
a time. All report a healthy demand
fc Vat’S O... V«« Twom. BMz . '»‘W-l
where the feathers are just right to be for their living product at remunera
plucked from the carcass without hav tive prices.
1870
TO THE LAME
ing the bad appearance that of neces
There are only two g»
sity must be present if there is a large
tunsions—we patent»
both. Others imitate
amount of down or short feathers
The Biggest Spider.
our 1M4 «tyle-*
showing. Geese, to be properly mar
Madagascar Is the home of the dog
^’wS’^SS
keted at their best, should be plucked Spider, the biggest of the spider
------
nor’8 I*14*1’
at the right time, then fed and cared species, and much larger than the
“O-COZSOB-S LXTZST"
'jSL?„
for so as to be ready for killing just as tarantula. The body of the dog spider
the new growth of plumage is full and weighs nearly a pound, and each of its
alteration—open back, no
f™
tion to walk— perfect ankh’
,’ii
complete and ready to be stripped clean eight legs is about as long and thick
thia out and «end
and wgwW
OLD WAT
and clear from the body at killing as an ordinary lead pencil.
time. This is the scientific part, next
to the experience in the handling, feed
ing and caring for, which bring such
large numbers to the finest finish and
most desirable condition for selling in
the market
It is a sight one would never forget
to see eight or ten thousand of these
geese confined in lots or runways being
fed and cared for "by attendants to *
bring them to that perfection of mar
ket poultry not usually seen outside of
New England and New York City
T. F. McGrew.
\
PERFECTLY DEVELOPED WOMEN
™
ELECTRIC 8T^U
electr T c ^
_ wik-
1
try, into New England, where large
fattening yards are conducted. These
yards are large plants with lots, some
thing like the stock yards of the large
cities, only smaller in size. The geese
are placed In the enclosures and fed
for heavyweight and fine finish to be
dressed for market As many as 10,-
000 geese are gathered at one or two
points in Massachusetts, and fed in
this way for the winter markets. It
takes several weeks to properly finish
them and new supplies are constantly
coming in to replace those that are
sold off The profitable demand for
gt'ese of this kind extends over a period
of from nine to twelve weeks, begin
ning just before Thanksgiving and end
ing in January.
No attempt has yet been made in
thia country for the excessive fattening
of geese, such as is carried on in Ger
many. those so fattened with ns being
only prepared to a finish for roasting
nor has fattening or feeding for the
excessive size of the livers ever gained
any consideration here. The major
per cent of all the geese brought into
the markets for general consumption
are sold and the demand for them
H hy Land is a Good investment.
The statistician of the Department ot
Agriculture of the United States esti
mates that in 1931 the population of
this country will be 130,000,000, and the
census bureau agrees that this is a con
servative estimate. To supply the re
quirements of this number of people
will necessitate the production of 700-
000,006 bushels of wheat, 1.250.000 000
bushels of oats. 345.000.000 bushels of
corn, 100.000,000 tons ot hny; and cot
ton, tobacco and fruits and vegetables
in proportion. To produce this Im
mensely increased quantity of food and
kindred products will necessitate the
bringing under cultivation of an addi
tional 150.000,000 acres of land, and it
is estimated that we have only 108 -
000.000 acres available for cultivation.
Of course these estimates do not take
into account the efforts of Secretary
IVllson. of the Department of Agricul
ture, whereby every acre will event
ually produce double its present crop.
Nevertheless these statistics present
,for ’er,ous reflection, and
t0 eTery thought-
nil man that good agricultural land to
day offers the best and safest invest
ment on earth and that there can be no
better object in life than a determina
tion on the part of every citizen to
acquire
at least hlm
enough
of foi
Mother
E
^I,h
• living
him
self and bis family through his own
Individual effort*.
lurou«n
JL--
I*
■ •■>.
»
1
you desire to keep the protector you \».!1
to us 50 cent» for the one you have and 50
cents for one for the other foot if yon need », *
'U
if you are one of the 84 per cent
The Fischer self-adjusting Bunion Protet
tor is a neat soft leather device, so pliable that
it conforms to the shape of the foot from the instant' I
is applied and yet so firm that it prevents preamp
I
lUU f
A WINNING l-AIIl OF BROWN CHINESE GEESE.
FIRST PRIZE TOULOUSE GOOSE, Fort Waytie, lad.. Dec.. 1095.
GROUP OF BROWN CHINESE GEESE at St Louis Exposition.
«
Bunion Comfort Guaranteed
No Pay if we Fail
p.