Herald and news. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1942-current, June 20, 1963, Image 7

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Herald and news., June 20, 1963, Page 7, Image 7

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Newspaper Page TextHERALD A.VD NEWS, Klamath Fall.. Or. Thursday, June 20, 1963 PAGE T A TOWN and COUNTRY VALUES 3800 So. Sixth 4 BDO PAGES F Group Of Only 82 Cardinals Direct Roman Catholic Church Activities By LOUIS CASSELS Vnilid Press International Included in the worldwide menvl bership of the Roman Catholic Church are some SCO million laymen, 425,000 priests and 2,30oj bishops. But there are only 82 cardi nals. The cardinals are known as "the princes of the church They outrank everyone except a reigning Pope. Their pivotal position in the hierarchy is sig nified by the very name cardi nal, which comes from the Latin word "cardo," meaning a hinge Electing a Pope has become. the most important function of 4-KF Youths Attend Class Four boys from the Klamath Falls area are among 179 top high school youths from through out the West enrolled in the eighth annual "Junior Engineers and Scientists Summer Institute" at Oregon State University. The two-week course is designed to give promising high school boys an insight into engineering and science career opportunities and study requirements. All fields of engineering and science are covered in the in tensive two-week program, which will end June 22. Oregon State University professors are instruc tors and boys are divided into small groups to permit individual discussion and instruction. To qualify for the program, students must have demonstrat ed high scholarship in science fields and been recommended by their high school principals and science teachers. Started at Oregon Slate in 1956. JESS is now setting a pat tern across the nation as a means of encouraging young people to prepare for engineering-science careers. Similar JESSI programs are being held in every section of the country this year. Thos attending from Klamath Falls include Gerald S. Argetsin ger, 3899 South Sixth Street: James E. Beene. 311 East Main: Jeffrey A. Bingham. 2121 Cali fornia Avenue, and Roger Nichol son, Box 31. Fort Klamath. the Sacred College of Cardinals. Inals. New cardinals are named But cardinals also have three! first at a secret consistory (the Sawmills Get Trade Tips PORTLAND iL'PI' West Coast Sawmills can increase their profit able business with Europe but they must improve their merchan dising, marketing and manufac turing, the West Coast Lumber men's Association said today. A six-man West Coast lumber trade mission has returned from four weeks of intensive work in six European nations, the organi zation said. The industry financed mission visited England, Holland. Bel gium. Germany. France and Italy G. C. Edgett. executive vice president of the WCLA, said it would soon have a scries of rec ommendations to make to indus trv for improving European sales. He said that while competition is stiff in Europe, there is still room for Northwest lumber. other duties. They assist the Pope at major liturgical services coun sel him at consistories and aid him in administration of the church. Formerly Pope's Assistants The term cardinal has been used in the Catholic Church for about 1,500 years. It was origin ally applied to about 25 priests in the diocese of Rome who were outstanding for their wisdom, sen- iority or the importance of their! parish churches. They served in formally as advisers and assist ants to the Pope. But they were! not regarded as "princes of the: church" nor did they have a spc- cial role in electing a new Pope. Until late in the 12th century, all the clergy of Rome, and a num ber of laymen, including em perors and noblemen, participat ed in the election of Popes. In 1179. Pope Alexander III is sued a decree vesting in the car dinals the sole right to elect a new Pope. During me next three cen-l turies, cardinals gradually came' to be regarded as being on a par with secular royalty. Their status as princes of tlie church was formally defined by Pope Leo X in 1514. Size Varied Widely During this era, the size of the College of Cardinals varied wide ly. Under Pope Alexander IV (1254-611 there were only seven cardinals. Pope Gregory XIII (1572-15851 enlarged the number! to 76. Pope Sixtus V in 1586 fixed the number of cardinals at 70 a total which was never exceed-! cd until Pope John XXIII raised it to 85. (Three of the cardinals have died since then, reducing the total to 82. i The cardinals choose the Pope, nd the Pope chooses the cardi- term consistory is applied to any formal meeting oi the cardinals with the Pope). Then they are in ducted at a colorful public con sistory at which they receive red hats. The red hats which have be come synonymous with the rank of cardinal have low crowns and very broad brims, from which hang 15 tassels. They are bright red. A cardinal after his induction wears a scarlet biretta (three- peaked clerical cap) of a scarlet zuchetto (skull cap). Many people have the erroneous impression that these familiar headpieces are red hats but to the car dinals who wear them they are 'working clothes" rather than crowns. Ends Italians Dominance Forty-five of the 82 present cardinals were created by Pope John XXIII. In addition to ex panding the college, he ended the traditional Italian dominance, Only 28 of the present cardinals are Italians. The other 54 come from 30 different countries, with France supplying eight, Spain seven, the United States five, Germany three. Brazil three, Por tugal two, Canada two, Argentina two, and 22 other countries one each. They range in age from 49 (Cardinal Rickctts of Peru) to 91 ICardinal Morano of Italy). The median age is 74. There is no canon law 'which says the cardinals must elevate! lone of their own number to the papacv. Theoretically, any male Catholic w ho has reached the age of reason, even a layman, might be elected Pope. In actual prac tice, however, the Pope has come from the College of Cardinals in every election since 1378. STAR. GiVZER!? By CLAY R. POLLAN' p 5-15-36-371 SL51-t81 yd tAUWUS AM 21 MAY 71 Hy76-77-84-M CCMINI . MAY 22 JUNE 22 r 6-21-32-431 CANCH JUNE 23 JULY 23 ft larv 1-14-25-361 BV48i?7l uo ) JULY 2 CnlMI-33-44 554-65-74 VMOO S. AUG. 2' mh. 7-)-41 Yaw Daily AoWr GvioW JK Aecordiao to (h Stan. 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