Herald and news. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1942-current, November 07, 1961, Image 6

Historic Oregon Newspapers

Herald and news., November 07, 1961, Image 6

Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR

About Herald and news. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1942-current | View Entire Issue (Nov. 7, 1961)

Prev Page of 12 Next Prev Issue Next Text PDF JP2 (2.7 MB) Clip/Print Image

Return to Top

Prev Page of 12 Next Prev Issue Next

Newspaper Page TextPAGE HERALD AVD NEWS, Klamath Falls, Ore. Tuesday, November T, 1M1 C ROM LEY IN WASHINGTON Mystery Stripped From N eutron Bomb Talk New Pressure On Finland ;' Americans have always had a warm spot : in their heart for the doughty Finns. They can not help but be concerned at hearing that Finland's arrogant neighbor, the Soviet Union, is now calling for new "military negotiations" with the tiny country. In the relatively placid days before World War II, Finland was to most Americans a far away land that somehow managed religiously .. i.i,, Ul. ..J to pay us war aeoi 10 us wmic uibsci f,v sumably richer nations defaulted. ' War cast the Finns in a new and more valiant light. Attacked by Russia in late 1939 along a 1,000-mile front, outmanned in reg ular troops 20 divisions to 6, the Finns repeat edly repulsed or destroyed the embarrased aggressor's forces. With 200,000 ski-equipped militiamen aiding the 100,000 regulars, Finland stood for three months against the Red colossus. Only when the Russians poured 800,000 men into the battle and focussed murderous fire on a vital 70-mile front did the Finns finally yield. Since World War II they have had, of ne cessity, to maintain close trade ties with Mos cow and keep a delicate political neutrality. Remarkably they have accomplished this while still maintaining fairly healthy contacts with the free West that is their natural home. President Kekkoncn's recent U.S. visit was symbolic of that effort. So is the journey here of a trade delegation. But the Russian demand for military talks is ominous. Using the already voiced phony pretext that increased West German forces constitute a rising threat, Moscow could in sist upon bases on Finnish soil. We remember that similar defense ar rangements with Estonia, Latvia and Lithu ania were a prelude to Soviet seizure and in corporation of these lands in the "fatherland." The Russians simply claimed the countries were violating the agreements and that they had to move in en masse to "protect their garrisons." No indication exists that Russia now has any thought of going this far with the fiercely independent Finns. But the whole free world, including whatever genuine neutrals there may be, should throw its voice and influence against even the smallest new encroachment by Moscow. This is no moment in history to allow the Kremlin to pick up a "cheap victory" by pres suring a relatively helpless near neighbor. Nor need we buy the line we are sure to hear from some softheads that Finland is quite properly a Soviet buffer state required to guard Russia's northern flank. Land assault on Russia across Finland is as unlikely today as the establishment of a summer resort in Antarctica. McGuffey In Effigy (The Wall Street Journal) Those who have long thought us some what antediluvian in our views will have sus picion confirmed when we confess to a youth ful acquaintance with McGuffey's Readers. We just hope it won't get this newspaper barred from the state of Wisconsin. For by decree of the State Board of Ed ucation the children of Twin Lakes, Wis consin, cannot use these readers in the class room, even as supplementary reading. It seems that McGuffey's selections, which had a lot to sav about God, arc entirely too sec tarian; they might exert a subversive religious influence on children exposed to them at too , , 41 rtf 1Mrt lender an age. iiau nicy a'e iuu ui ""s ; quotations from people like Patrick Henry -and Thomas Jefferson, which not only contain controversial political ideas but are just too harH fnr mnrlpxn sixth and seventh eradcrs. So be it. McGuffey's choices did have a moralistic blend and they would certainly crinkle the brow of youngsters who stumble over dependent clauses. Still, if the people of this little village want an old-fashioned textbook, you might wonder why this is such a momentous matter of state. And how the hand of authority could reach out and stop them. The answer to both of these questions is quite simple. The state of Wisconsin gives financial "aid" to the local school; by threat ening to withdraw the aid, the state authorities have a weapon against McGuffey more potent than any abstract argument. This is exactly the weapon the state superintendent used to change the program for the 1,497 people in Twin Lakes. And don't suppose the state superinten dent is over-stepping his duty when he pro scribes books. True, the funds that he "gives" to this school are drawn from Twin Lakes tax payers, but their money is also commingled with taxes from Milwaukee and Madison. Maybe the people of Milwaukee don't like McGuffey and don't want their money spent on a horse and buggy reader. Indeed, the state superintendent, being trusted with general public funds to disburse, must set up some standards for the purpose to which the money will be put. We don't know of anyone who proposes that public officials be given public money to spend whether for schools, highways or what-have-you and then be allowed to hand it out to anybody without any strings. It follows inexorably, then, that if the Twin Lakes school is going to be supported by an allowance from the state capilol, the people of Twin Lakes are no longer free to follow their own wishes on how to use the money. They must follow the standards, good or bad, laid down by the state. Be it on textbooks, or curricula, or teachers, or anything else. Or else, no money. In short, the price of "aid to education" from a larger government unit to a small er one is that the smaller one must therefore do what it is told. This is the situation which already prevails, in varying degrees, in most of our states. In some places the state au thorities are generous in the freedom they allow to local school boards; in others the school board can hardly breathe without per mission from on high. But in every case, the freedom allowed is a matter of sufferance. Now we are told that the federal gov ernment can set up an "aid to education" program, reaching out to every school board in the land, and yet there will be no federal interference with the way these schools are run. We are to suppose that if the authori ties in Washington do not like the "stand ards" set in, say, Mississippi, they will none theless hand out the public funds collected from Wisconsin and New York with never a murmur. The people of Twin Lakes, at least, should know otherwise. Perhaps, when that day comes, we shall have a wise and tolerant Na tional Education Authority which will pro scribe only a few old-fashioned textbooks, like McGuffey's Ecletic Readers, and leave us some latitude down at the corner school. If so, it is a sufferance for which we will be grateful. ate Hiring Aged Profitable DEAR ARTHUR: If 1 were lo listen to you all tlie time, I'd hire no ono but people over 4S. 1 read your column all live time and admire what you have to say, but when it comes to h! -ing older people, look at the facts. Pension and insurance costs alone make hiring Uiem imprac tical, lo say nothing of unprofit able. PRESIDENT J. B. DEAR PRESIDENT B: In some iitstanees the insurance and pen sion costs of hiring an older worker arc prohibitive, but the instances are uncommon. Do you know at what age a worker in your company starts to increase your normal pension and insurance costs? It varies from company lo company. Unless your personnel manager has figured it out, you may be losing money. And here' why: Pension and insurance costs are only two of many costs associated with hiring a new man of any age. What are your costs of recruit ment, training, and termination? What is your employe turnover? How is your rate of absenteeism? Your safety record? And your productivity? When you calculate these costs on a per-man basis, you'll find that it usually costs no moid (and in many cases less) lo hue a so-called older worker than a younger man. DEAR HANK: Of course you feel lonely. I would too, if I sat at home reading all the time the way you do. You must keep in touch with your old friends and make new ones. Remember what Dr. Samuel Johnson, the famous eighteenth century lexicographer, said about friendship. "If a man does not make new acquaintances through life, he will soon find himself alone. A man. sir. should keep his friendship in constant repair " DEAR ARTHUR: I'm an old widower. Most of my time is spent at work or with my grand children. I've begun to notice how short of breath I become as I grow older. I guess we all be gin to deteriorate sooner or later. In my case I'm thankful it was later. What can I do about short ness of biealh'' AGING DEAR AGING: Don't delude yourself, my friend. Never, 1 re peal, never attempt to appraise our on physical strengths and weaknesses on the basis of ace. You will probably be wrong. See your physician about shortness of breath and any other unusual symptoms. Dear Reader: Please send your questions to me, Arthur Lord, in care of this newspaper. Look lor an answer to those of general interest in future columns. By RAY CROMLEY Washington Correspondent Newspaper Enterprise Assn. WASHINGTON iNEAi - There has been a considerable amount of scare talk about a neutron bomb or "death ray" bomb that will kill secretaries in their offices, businessmen in their factories, wives in their homes and soldiers in the forUfications, without de stroying the buildings. New research on this bomb makes three things clear, say mil itary scientists privately: First: There won't be any prac tical neutron bomb right away. United States research men have run into new problems in develop ing a device to explode such a bomb. Indications are that the U.S. is ahead and that the Russians are running into worse troubles The bomb, of course, won't be any good until someone finds a way to explode it. Work has been going on for sev eral years at the Lawrence Radi ation Laboratory of the Univer sity of California and at other spots. Scientists are trying to lick this trigger problem by implosion, so that TNT as it burns inward will converge with terrific heat on a heart of hydrogen.. The research men are also look ing into an electromagnetic meth od for concentrating very hot mix tures of charged hydrogen atoms ions tightly enough to intensily the heat sufficiently to cause an explosion. Second: In some ways the bomb has been oversold. New Pentagon studies indicate the neutron bomb w ill be primarily a special-purpose tactical battlefield weapon. The chief value of a true neu tron bomb is that it produces less radioactivity, less blast and less fire than an H-bomb of the same strength in hydrogen. Military commanders would thus be able to fire neutron missiles and move in fairly quickly with troops without fear of radiation. Enemy fortifications and equip ment could be taken over intact. Russian military strongpoints in Europe could be attacked without fear of killing friendly civilian populations with fallout. A major use of the neutron war head may be in antimissile mis siles. Out in space, neutrons tra vel long distances. An antimissile missile fired at an enemy ICBM at the peak of its arc in space might be able to destroy the ICBM with neutrons. These neutron antimissile mis siles would produce no fallout. They would be cheap. ' It may therefore be possible to produce antimissile missile bat teries that would operate some thing like super machine guns, throwing heavy numbers of anti missile missiles into the air. They thus might put up an ef fective barrier to large numbers of enemy ICBMs without bankrupt ing the nation and without creat ing large amounts of fallout that would endanger the United States. As of today their latest evalua tions lead military men to see lit tle use for the neutron bomb or neutron warheads in inter-continental missiles. Even ordinary one-megaton H-bombs are more effective. That is to say, their kill power is greater over longer dis tances. Neutron bombs would not compare in effectiveness with 5, 10, and 20-megaton H-bombs. To be really effective, a neu tron bomb would have to explode in the air at a fairly precise point within a half mile or so of its target. Soviet and U.S. ICBMs will not have such accuracy soon. Third: These neutron "bullets" are not new. All ordinary H-bombs when they explode give out a hefty shower of the tiny particles called neutrons. In most H-bombs the blast, fire and radioactivity tra vel farther than the neutrons. A victim thus would never know whether he'd been killed by the blast, the fire, the radioactivity or the neutrons. These neutrons travel about a mile through the atmosphere. At a half mile, they'll penetrate sev eral feet of concrete or earth. They're able to do this because they're so small. They're contained in the hearts of all atoms, except hydrogen atoms. Sixteen trillion neutrons weigh less than a trillionth of an ounce. Since any wall, shield or army tank is composed of atoms and electrons which are rather far apart compared to the size of a neutron, neutrons go through these "open spaces" with comparative case. ' The neutrons, when they strike the atoms in a man's body, knock out charged protons also in the heart of every atom which de stroy the body cells. This kills the man. But it doesn't destroy the chair he's sitting on, the suit he's wearing or the house or tank he's in. Actually, a neutron bomb essen tially is a weak H-bomb with some of its sting removed. That is, a neutron bomb is a weak H-bomb minus some of its blast strength, some of its heat and almost all of its radioactivity. A neutron bomb can be made by taking the uranium heart, or trig ger, and the outer uranium jacket from a weak H-bomb and substi tuting some nonnuclear trigger. The exploding uranium is the source of the H-bomb's radioac tive fallout. Starting with a small H-bomb and eliminating the fallout-causing uranium serves two purposes. It makes the bomb weak enough so that the blast and heat effects won't travel farther than the neu trons. That is, they don't steal tha kill from the neutrais. Thus a neutron bomb exploded on earth will always be weaker than a comparable H-bomb. Forti fications, tanks, other buildings are not destroyed. Large amounts of radiation are not released to float uncontrolled over other areas. THE DOCTOR SAYS . Observe Wishes Of Returned Patients By HAROLD T. IIYMAN, M.D.. Written for Newspaper Enterprise Assn. The extent of the problem of mental aftercare, discussed pre viously, is best recognized by ref erence to one set of figures taken from state mental hospitals in 1959. In that year, 175,727 patients were discharged while 80,344 were being readmitted. In simpler terms, for each pair of the mentally ill, deemed fit for return to community life, one of the previously discharged had to be taken back. To combat the problem of re admissions, made the more ur gent by improved methods of treating mental illnesses, the Joint Commission on Mental Illness and Health is attacking on at least two fronts. It is a fact that "patients who live alone and without undue fam ily pressures often improve more rapidly and go back to work faster than those who return to their fam ilies." So they are seeking to in struct families of discharged pa tients on ways and means for avoiding or postponing rcadmis sions. A five-state study showed that a sound aftercare program re duced readmissions from 35 to 15 per cent. Hence they are appeal ing for aid in obtaining needed facilities. On the basis of observations by ono group of (Vermont) patients, here arc suggestions for the fam ily of the recently returned mem ber of the Household: "It lakes time to get used to crowds and social gatherings again. So please don't push me. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Q What Is the papulation dens ity of the I'nited States A Fifty persons per square mile. Q Who was the first U.S. presi dent to take the oath of office at the White House? A Rutherford B. Haves. On the other hand, don't shield me. I've been sick and now I am recovering. "Constant watching makes me nervous and isn't necessary. What 1 most want is to be ac cepted as a trustworthy person, able to help myself. But don't ig nore me; help me to catch up on what has happened while I've been away. "When I'm ready to get a job, I will. In the meantime, please don't push me. And, when I'm ready, don't hold me back. "Don't threaten me with a re turn to the hospital or criticize my appearance. Let me do things that are normal for my age. This includes choosing my own friends and doing things I want to do. "Above all, trust me and re spect Uie opinions of the hospital doctors who sent me home. If they tell me to continue taking medicine, see thai I do. "Don't be annoyed with me if I get up early. We all got up early in the hospital, made our own beds and cleaned our rooms. So if I get up before you, un derstand why. "Don't be annoyed with me if I cat at odd hours. I've been used lo eating at set times that may be different than yours. For a while my appetite may not fit your schedule of meals and my Uistcs may need adjusting, too. "Don't be annoyed if 1 bathe on certain nights and change my clothing then. This is how we did in the hospital. At home it will take me time to figure out the proper schedule and to spruce up. "Don't be annoyed if 1 sit a lot and nap in a chair during the day. You may not think I am as glad to be home as I ought to be. But don't worry. I often feel more than I can say. "Don't be annoyed if, at night, 1 go to bed early. We did in the hospital and 1 may still get sleepy at Uie old time. TV may or may not interest me as much as you think it should." For a copy of Dr. Hyman's leaflet "Understanding Mental Illness" send 10 cents to Dr. Hy man, care Herald and News, Box 4119, Dept. B, Radio City Station, New York 19, N.Y. Retired Performer Answer to Previous Puixla ACROSS 1 Retired entertainer, Miry 7 Open lover remember this IS Small spare 14 Farm a notion 15 California eommunity IK Pining 17 Rasehall club Ages 30 Tasmania lab.) 31 Hailed 34 Pit 27 Thealneat .11 Praver ending 32 Shop 3.1 lM .IS Medical fulfil 3. Fcclesiaslica 40 Sleeveless gsrment 41 R.tise 43 Pibiicsl prophet 4 Narrow way 47 Tree SO Masculine appellation 5.1 kind of fur 55 Juvenal's forte M Wreathes noisily in sleep 37 F.vpungef M Pesters nnvvN t Raiment 2 Range 9 Pause 4 Female rabbit 5 Aged one Approached 7 Midday nap ft t',irl s name. 9 Seine 10 Manner of movement 11 Healing device 12 Regulars tabj 19 Air icomb. forml 31 This woman lives In near-seclusion In Scotland 32 Printers' measures 23 1-csil terra 24 Stringed instrument 25 Sheaf 26 Smooth 2fl t'arrv icotl 29 Flag' .10 Bridal girdle 34 F.sst Indian timber tree H IAIR IP I IBIAlgl 13 A N V O L J0 AA .k. P ti L. J VlE R TO u E 1 t bp t3 e F ' o t e tJB g en" pie tt & 55 a u B.n a p DICltN TjM 1 I e E e 5 t a t e & la o"Ft" o 5 T Al al B BN A M E . liLp TQT o Tin aof t s 6s ly. 5 5 s.5i-. m Alclal IpTeTrI IpieinIs 37 Bank worker 38t'ncleToml favorite 39 Most rational 42 Pull in color iFrl 43 otherwise 44 Prevaricator 45 Particle 47 Ventilates 4Rirk 49 Nasi 51 City in Yugoslavia 52 Refore 54 Eitinrt bird I 2 i 4 15 li I p i 14 Il6 111 II! H 1J re re r? n" ' fH58 H pi !i JTl H M IJo 33 1 IT" "V' "T" yjl aT S 51 62 3 54 55 3 si a ; Successful Tests I II CAPITOL MEMO Little Change In Assembly Because Of Reapportionment By DOUGLAS GRIPP I'nited Press International SALEM Democratic officials claim the new reapportionment plan will have little effect on con trol of the 1963 legislature. With that out of the way, the Democrats have predicted they will retain control of both houses in 1963 and the Republicans de clared they will control the Ore gon House. Oregon Democratic Chairman Ed Spencer, Salem, said Secre tary of State Howell Appling Jr.'s reapportionment plan has been studied and the feeling is it "doesn't change things material ly." State Republican Chairman Rob ert Davis, Grants Pass, said the GOP hasn't made a formal study of the effect. But he said there "isn't any hand-wringing." "No matter hat the reappor tionment." Davis said, "the is- THEY SAY... We live surrounded by violence. ... 1 think people have turned to art forms seeking emotional secu rity. ... I! wouid not surprise me but what most of us would take something beautiful with us lo the fallout shelter. Mm. Beryl S. Austrian, art col lector, interior designer. I've got nothing to hide, .loan Mary Barry. Si, request ing a public trial after she was arrested (or wearing a bikini on a Sydney, Australia, beach. sues are there and things cre ated by the national administra tion are going to create an atmos phere in which we will regain control of at least the Lower House in Oregon." The GOP admits that control of the 1963 State Senate is statisti cally out of the question. There are 12 Democratic sen ators who are holdovers their seats aren't up for grabs. Four Senate Democrats are up in Multnomah County where the Republicans haven't elected a state senator for almost a decade. If the Democrats hold onto these four scats, this alone would give the party 16 senators, a majority. And the Democrats expect a healthier control of the Senate than their 2010 margin in 1961. Control of the House is another matter. In 1961. the Democrats held a shaky 31-29 majority. Of the new House scats created by Appling, the Democrats are confident they will pick up the new ones in Multnomah and Clackamas coun ties, a total of two. Republicans figure to grab the third new Jackson County seat and fill the new one in the combined Benton-Lane District, for a total of tV.0 This would equalize things, but the GOP envisions at least 31 Re publican House members, includ ing the seat now held by House Speaker Robert B. Duncan, D Medlord. Duncan is vacating his seat next year to run for Congress. Democrats held a registration advanlage of little more than 1.100 in Jackson County in 19W) and while Duncan led the ticket tvto Republicans were breathing hard behind him with one of them, John Dellenback of Med ford, winning election. Many rate control of the next Oregon House a tossup. Al manac By I'nited Press International Today is Tuesday, Nov. 7, the 311th day of the .year with 54 to follow in 1961. The moon is approaching its new phase. The morning stars are Mercury and Venus. The evening stars are Jupiter and Saturn. Those born today are under the sign of Scorpio. World famous Polish-French scientist Marie Cu rie was born on this date in 1867. On this day in historv: In 1605. the Lewis and Clark expedition sighted the Pacific Ocean for the first time at the mouth of the Columbia River in the Oregon country. In 1916. Jeanette Rankin be came the first woman in the his tory of the House of Representa tives to win a scat in the con gressional body. In 1917, the Bolsheviks overthrew the provisional regime of Premier Alexander Kerensky and Nikolai Lenin assumed power in the So viet Union. In 1944. former President Frank lin Roosevelt was reelected to his fourth term in oflice: senator Har ry Truman became his vice pres ident. A thought for today: Former President Franklin Roosevelt said: "The truth is four.d hen men are Iree to pursue it."