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About Herald and news. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1942-current | View Entire Issue (Dec. 7, 1960)
. " PAGE -A BERALD tfcMxmjw (yam ;, There are serious pitfalls in the, Afro . Asian proposal before the United Nations to free quickly all countries not 'yet indepen-' t dent. ; We dare not say that anything and every . thing which the Soviet Union favors is auto ; matically bad. But in this instance there is ? ground for suspicion in the fact that the Krem v lin was the first to suggest an immediate end ' to all colonialism. , . , ' . ' , The truth is and the events in the Congo : offer sharp illustration that independence f Is something which must be prepared for. No i magic of sudden freedom endows a people with the capacity for governing themselves. ; ' It is reasonable to ask of any colonial jxwer that it indicate to its colonial posses sions full willingness to extend freedom to them at the earliest practical moment. It is ..fair to expect also that such powers should 'now be engaged heavily in training colonial " ' peoples for the job of governing. ' The British and the French have for t the most part been doing just this, in an en ; lightened manner. That they perhaps came to it belatedly is no longer of consequence. ' Even Red-leaning Ghana recognizes the goqd . example they have set. " , Watch Recent stories in area and state newspa .. pers point up a surge in bogus check-passing. It's really too bad, but the holiday season is the ; lime of the year when frauds and "con" men . enjoy their best and most lucrative times. - Check frauds generally rise by about 50 per vcent in the period between Thanksgiving and New Year's as forgers take advantage of the 'prevailing spirit of holiday good will. jV This is a matter of concern not only for - the business manager , or owner. Many of these clever operators (check-passers) use the 4 name of a business house or well known in ' dividual in their activities. Check crooks work hardest when stores are crowded and clerks are busiest. On a na- V As It Slpuld Be ' , V. The Congressional Quarterly which is an entirely impartial service, providing its J subscribers with factual and statistical re- 5 ports on a variety of political matters has ' ) summarized the results of organized labor's efforts in the recent Congressional cam paigns. . . It makes an extremely interesting study. The candidates which the major labor political organization opposed for office were, in the aggregate, slightly more successful than those ; it supported. In other words, a few more can 'dictates whom this organization considered v "wrong" in their voting records were elected ;; than those whom it endorsed as "right." . On top of that, the attempts of Mr. Hof t fa's Teamsters Union to purge members of Congress who voted for the Landrum-Griffin ; labor reform bill were spectacularly unstio i cessful. Active Teamster campaigns were con v; ducted against 40 of these Congressmen. Ex . actly one was defeated. ' ' ' American voters a category which in cludes the union rank-and-file as well as the - rest of us follow their own conscience, their a own principles, their own private ideas of what 1s right and wrong. They can't be led around - by the nose by any special interest groups whether representing labor, business, agrl- culture or anything else. QUESTIONS , ; AND. . ANSWERS , ; Q How many ex-presidents were ; " living at the start of the Civil War? : A Van Buren, Tyler, Fillmore, '; Pierce and Buchanan. Q Between what points did the old Chisholm Trail run? ,) A This famous cattle trail began .Vat Paris, Tex., and ended at Dodge City, Kan. ' BARBS ' Folks with the most money are ones who go south in the winter a little change. ,v Write ideas on your cuff, men, and "youH always have something up your 'sleeve. Youngsters get to do a lot more .things by telling parents about ,them ;i. afterwards instead of askingpertnis '"sion in the first place. AND NEWS, Klamath Falli, Oregta Make Haste Slowly ,' But to demand immediate steps toward , freedom for all colonials, without any regard to their fitness for self-government, Is to in vite chaos, to ask for another Congo. . Thus it is clear enough why Moscpw sup-, ports the idea. The Russians don't really want colonial ism to end. They simply wish to see the West ern variety banished so they can install their own far more insidious version. Working for them in this effort are the in experience and naivete of African leaders in such new countries as Ghana and Guinea. They are so blinded by old colonial hatreds that they do not see the peril in the Soviet Union's crushing embrace. ; We cannot expect that they, and per haps others, will speedily recover from this blindness. So, whatever the fate of the cur rent Afro-Asian proposal in the U.N., our prob lem is somehow to exhibit full sympathy with the aspirations of struggling peoples while ' resisting a headlong rush to a state of inde pendence some are not yet ready to cope with. This would be a difficult task in the best of circumstances. With the Kremlin scream ing phony slogans at us, it is nearly insur mountable. Nevertheless we must try. For Bogus Checks tional basis, it is estimated that check fraud in creases from a "normal" rate of about $1 mil lion daily to more than $1.5 million daily dur ing the annual shopping rush. Experts claim that the main reason for this rise is the failure of clerks and salesmen and store owners to scan carefully the creden tials of those trying to cash checks. They also point out that increases come in the practice of cashing pre-endorsed checks, or cashing checks for juveniles who are sometimes used as runners for phony check passers. Some idea of the volume of checking transactions can be obtained from the informa tion that more than 90 per cent of all U.S. monetary matters are handled by check. Some $2 trillion changes hands in the form of checks every year. New York city banks alone clear checks totalling more than $700 billion an nually. Criminals who specialize in forgery have at least half a dozen ways to attempt check frauds.' In addition to the familiar practice of raising the amount on a check say, from $28.32 to $78.32 these swindlers may change the payee's name, draw checks on a non-existent bank, alter dates and forge signatures, reproduce payroll checks of well known com panies, or endorse checks made out to others. The experts offer some suggestions for cutting down on the check crooks' holiday bonus: Be extra careful about cashing checks when banks are closed. Beware of out-of-town checks. Don't cash checks signed with a rub ber stamp, written in pencil or showing signs of alteration. Put the presenter's address on the check before cashing it. While these appear to be routine sugges tions they arc remedies for being swindled, and they apply not only to store clerks and owners but to individual citizens' who are often hoodwinked into participating, or back ing an accessory to some swindler's scheme. And, customers and purchasers should not be offended if some careful clerk makes certain that a check he or she is presenting Is legitimate. The cooperation of the buying public is important in setting and maintaining these safeguards for our own protection. hnois ACROSS 1 Farm anlmat of this itale 4 Product of 111 atockyarrts B Mineral of Illinois 12 Kxist 13 Italian river 14 Dancing girl 15 Damage 16 Converts to an ester . 18 Damage. anothrr'a reputation . 20 IJRtils 21 Spanish article. 22 Consumra 6 Dinner course 7 In favor of 8 Caling placet 0 Mixture 10 Prayer ending 11 Scottish girl 17 Hospital ' resident Phvsician acial parts 23 Shakespearean forest 24 Fish 2iS Fencing sword 26 Award for achievement 27 Weak-willed 23 French father 29 Uclgian river 24 Sleeping places zo simpio 27 Secret agent SO Kach 32 Hangs in foldl 34 Kelt 35 Whole 3(1 Watch 37 Downpour 39 Unique person - or thing 40 Pellet 41 Individual 42 Donkeys 4! Package market 4D Chesa term hi Girls' name f2 Diplomacy 53 Indiana MThualUUn) 55 Annovs Aft Heredity Mtt 57 Furtive DOWN I Cured meal 8 Spoken . . , 3 Songstress, ' Farrar 4 Musical groups t Ureal Lain the for Wediwsday, December 7, IK Aniwor to Prsvious Puiila IT I A aWan I M AlLlfe filial. A Tj It I V 3 T tk C A - Ft It L o?e plJeS t kJ- ewe ' "ItTTlTfjil 1 ' 31 Shade of red 33 Make amends 33 Inferred 40 Furs 41 Fat 42 Italian elty 43 Asterisk 44 Bag 46 Solar disk 47 Wicked 43 Risque 50 Cup p p I u is u it snp-nrrr rc rr" rc rs re r i 3 50 1 1 2i -frit 1 1 ' 21 'IS " S" 2i p a 5" " tSS Trjrsr - irlr rrw- jj fi ST T-5J 3 5J 5T""""-" " 57""" GOALS C Whipping Farm H Prime Objective Of US By LAUREN K. SOTH Editorial Page Editor Oes Moines Register One of a scries of easy-to-read condensations from chap ters written by eminent Ameri can authorities for book publica tion by Prentice-Hall with the Report from President Eisen hower's Commission on National finals. Edited by Ray Cromley for Newspaper Enterprise Assn. WASHINGTON WINDOW Showdown In GOP Leader s Imminent . By LYLE C. WILSON United Press International WASHINGTON UPI - Willi Gov. Nelson A. Rockefeller seems to be trying to tell Vice President Richard M. Nixon is that Nixon should go get himself a reputa tion. Perhaps Rockefeller thinks Nixon now should rim for gover nor of California to prove his vote-appeal. Nixon is not going lo do that. - Go get yourself a reputation! That is what a champ, says to a preliminary fighter who is so kin pertinent as to ask for B title shot. I Rockefeller's announcement last week that he would be a 1W2 candidate for re-clcctinn in New York was notable chiefly for what the governor said about Nixon. Rockefeller did not mention the vice president's name. It was not necessary. What Rockefeller conveyed was thai he did not recognize Nixon as the national leader of the Re publican party. Nixon's Claim Strong Hie governor, of course, is un der no compulsion to recognize Nixon as his political leader nor as the national Republican leader. But the vice president's claim is substantial. Nixon has just emerged from an election in which he split the president ial vote right down the middle with his Democratic opponent. To say that Nixon's associates were sliockijd if not surprised by Rockefeller's repudiation of their man's leadership probably would lie to put it too mildly, f lie ploy of the Nixon camp, however, will bo to play it cory unless Rocke feller roughly forces the issue. The showdown must come in time, of course, and it should be spectacular. Rockefeller is prop erly judged to be a statesman eager to be elected president. Nix on likewise. The Republican patty may provn to be loo small lo contain two such lively ambitions. Won on Platform Rockefeller bowed out of this year's contest lor the presidential nomination with a statement which bv implication tagged Nix .on as the choice of the party boises whereas Rockefeller, still by implication, w is Hie choice of the rank and file. Later as the. convention delegate milled around in Chicago, Rockeleller yanked Nixon into line on Republi can platlorm principles. , Next day. Rockefeller flew into Chicago, emerged from his air- o FOR AMERICANS (Copyright 10, the American Assembly.) We may assume that the Ameri can people want to maintain a strong, progressive agriculture producing abundantly. We may also assume that Americans want farm people .to be able to earn real incomes on a par with the rest of the economy for equal ability and effort. This docs not mean providing opportunity in farming for all who now live on farms but op portunity in the economy some- : where. ' . It is evident that the reasons .' (or the disparity of farm income ! in modern times are over-production and excess numbers tif people in agriculture. As short, range or intermediary goals for agriculture in the next decade, public policy should be directed toward: 1. Liquidating the problem of farm poverty By the end of this decade the United States ought to have provided nonfarm ' jobs for about l'i million farm operators who now earn less than $1,500 a year in farming. 2. Bringing farm production into reasonable balance with demand, at prices approximating the 1UG9 60 ratio of prices of farm prod ucts to prices farmers pay. The goal sought a 7 per cent cut in total output will be difficult to achieve. 3. Raising real net income per person of commercial farm fami lies on the order of 10 per cent above the 1939-60 level. If efforts to accomplish No. 2 are successful, only modest gov , enimcnt price and income sup ports would be needed to achieve No. 3. Public policies designed to raise farm incomes in the 60s should be consistent with restraint of farm output and facilitating the transfer of labor to other occu pations. Income support programs which tend to increase farm output and to prevent the movement of peo ple out of farming would hinder needed adjustments. Policies designed to bring about adjustment of human resources i in agriculture should not be such as to reduce current net income per family. If the present level of farm in come continues for another J10 . years, or drops lower, many of ''the best minds and most able , managers will leave agriculture. The consequences might be ulti mately to reverse the present farm problem of over-abundance to one of scarcity and high-cost production. Public policy should be de signed, therefore, to keep agricul ture as an attractive enterprise. One obvious policy which is con sistent with the goals set forth plane brandishing a copy of the platform proposals to which Nixon had agreed. Rockefeller said to the welcoming throng: "If you think these do not reo rcsent my ideas, you're craiy." Nixon pushed the panic button when he brought about the huddle with Rockefeller which produced the Rockefeller Republican plat form. If Nixon pushes that button again between now and the I4 Republican national convention, the vice president probably will cease to be the party leader. The new leader could be Rockefeller of New York. Poverty here is a policy of land retire ment. Probably 60 million acres of cropland would have to be retired immediately to reduce to tal farm output by 5 per cent in the next few years. Retirement of farm land tends to facilitate the retirement of peo ple from agriculture, especially if entire farms are retired. In a sense, it is a "homesteads in re verse" program. . The public agricultural research and educational machinery might be switched in part over to work more intensively on the agricul tural development problems of the poor countries of the world. The problem there is not overproduc tion but underproduction and poor diets. Many of the state and fed eral experiment stations could well devote part of their efforts lo finding improved methods, bet ter crops and livestock for coun tries such as India, Pakistan, Peru and Chile. The public facilities for re search and education in agricul ture also ought to be focused more sharply on the rural pov erty here at home. The main task is to facilitate movement of people out of farm ing to more productive jobs in factories, trade and services. Sometimes this means developing jobs in the areas of excess farm labor. For those who stay in farming, technical assistance, capital and more land are needed to make them productive farmers. Author of this article on the farmer's future in the Goals for ' Americans scries is Lauren K. Solh, editorial page editor of the Des Moines, la., Register and Tribune. Awarded the Pulitzer Prize for editorials in 1955, he is the author of "Farm Trouble" '1957) and is chairman of the National Planning Association Committee on Agriculture. Soth also 0ieratcs a small farm near Des Moines. Al manac By United Press International' Today is Wednesday. Dec. 7, the 342nd day of the year with 24 more in 10. The moon is approaching its last quarter. The morning stars are Mercury and Mars. The evening stars are Jupiter and Saturn. On this day in history: In 1787, Delaware became the first state to ratify the U.S. Con stitution. In 1917. the United States "Rainbow" Army division arrived in France to help fight World War I. In 1931, President Hoover re fused to receive a delegation of "hunger marchers." The march ers hoped to present a petition asking for employment with a guarantee of minimum wages. In 1941, Pearl Harbor was bombed . . . while Japanese en voys negotiated in Washington, D C. At 4 p.m. that day. Japan declared w ar against England and the United States. Thought for today: English statesman Sir Winston Churchill said in 1939: "I cannot forecast to you the action of Russia. It if a riddle wrapped in a mystery inside an enigma." KNOW YOUR CHRISTMAS TREE . . . Several Types Make Good Yule Ornament Each year from out of our American woodlands rolls a mighty flood of evergreens des tined to be trimmed and lighted as the traditional Christmas trees. - Pouring forth into all parts of V.iihe country, these evergreens of many species bring Yuletide color and cheer into the homes - and lives of millions. And, no less, the rcsiny fragrance and freshness " of our north woods, . mountain forests, and southern pinelands. Yet for all the familiarity of these evergreens, how many Americans really know their Christmas trees? Know them as the distinctive and highly individ ual plants they are in their own right, apart from their trappings of lights, tinsel, and ornaments? Have you, for instance, ever stopped to wonder what kind of tree yours is fir, spruce, pine, cedar, Douglas fir? Or where it came from? Can you, in fact, correctly distinguish one species of evergreen tree from another? Then there's that jauntiest of all Yuletide greens, the holly, pe rennially a favorite with its bright-red berries and glossy, ev ergreen foliage. Yet to most Americans holly is hardly any thing real. And no wonder. For the only acquaintance most peo ple have with it is as an arti ficial, stylized symbol on Christ mas seals and scenes. Yet hoHy, the well known, red berried, so-called "American" holly, is one of the most dis tinguished native products of our eastern woods and fields. Though not so plentiful as it was once, it still grows liberally from Mas sachusetts southward to Florida, and in the Mississippi Valley from Illinois and Indiana southward to the Gulf of Mexico. Our exhibit of native American hollies, however, is by no means confined to this one species. There are, in all, 13 species native to eastern North America, and of these, six attain tree size. ' In addition to the familiar American holly, and another red u berried but smaller tree, is the yaupon. Still another is the ink berry, or wintcrberry, with black berries.- The latter two are in digenous to our woods from Vir ginia southward to Florida and Mississippi. Finally, on the Pacific Coast, you'll find yet another kind of holly the famous English holly. It's especially plentiful in Ore gon and Washington, tin lawns, in parks, often even as hedges. Bearing the musical name of Ilex aquifolium, it was introduced from the British Isles and west ern Europe, where it is native. English holly is almost indis tinguishable from the American holly, save for its larger size and larger clusters of red berries. Thousands of boxes of it are shipped each Christmas season by Pacific Coast residents to friends and relatives "back-East." But to return to the Christmas type trees: Those of our ever greens most popular for Christ mas use are the true firs, the spruces, the pines, and the Doug las fir , the latter not a true fir. Here are the basic identifica tion features of, each: Your tree is a fir if it has a conical or pyramidal shape, ta pering to a spire tip; if the nocdles, from one-half inch to one inch long, arc grass-green to bluish-green: are sprinkled singly over the branches; and are soft and flexible. If you live in the eastern half of the United States your tree, if a fir, will almost certainly be , the balsam fir. If in the western states, the white fir, or one of the silver firs. In California, Ore gon, and Washington the much prized red fir or Shasta fir is sometimes available as a Christ mas tree. It has dense, lush, silvery-green foliage. Your tree is a spruce if, like the firs, it has a conical or pyra midal shape, tapering to a spire tip: but, unlike the firs, has stiff, bristly, sharp - pointed needles. These will be scattered singly over the branches. Color range: from a datk grass-green to a medium green. Most commonly used Christmas tree spruces are the white spruce and black spruce. In the West, however, the Colorado blue spruce, with lush, bushy, whitish green foliage, is sometimes cut and sold as a Christmas tree. It is native to the central Rocky Mountain region. Improved horti cultural varieties of it have been extensively planted over the Unit ed States. These are especially beautiful as lighted outdoor Christ mas trees. Note one further and major dis tinction between firs and spruces, which are often confused: Each spruce needle is attached to the branch by a tiny stem, just visi ble to the eye. Fir needles arc attached directly to the branches with no stem. Spruces and firs of Christmas tree size seldom are mature enough to bear cones. But where cones are present, note this fur ther .distinction: Fir cones are shaped like tiny barrels or casks and sit erect on the branches, and are usually light green or reddish-green in color. Those of the balsam fir, however, are a beautiful violet purple, with a greenish undertone. Spruce (tones, by contrast, are pendant; that is, hang down from the branches. Your tree is a Douglas (V if, like the spruces and firs, its shape is pyramidal or conical and tapers to a spire tip, but with branches more drooping. (Fir and spruce branches usually extend out at right angles from the trunk, with little or no droop, save possibly at the very tips.) Douglas fir needles range from light green to medium green and are sprinkled singly over t h e branches. They, too, are attached with tiny siem, but differ from spruce needles by being soft and pliant. Cones, if present, will be pendant. Douglas fir grows throughout the western states but is most abundant in the Pacific North west. From that region, each year, hundreds of thousands are shipped to all parts of the coun try for Christmas sale. Your tree is a pine "But just a moment," you cut in. "Surely everyone knows what a pine 'is!" The truth is, everyone doesn't. I have found that not one person in fifty, even in pine plentiful areas, can cite the one feature which, above all, sets the pines apart from all other ever greens. Your tree is a pine if it has needles in bundles, or groupings, of twos, threes or fives. This is the one sure way to tell a pine from all other evergreen species. Pine needles vary greatly in length, from an - inch or two in some types to twelve inches and more in the famous longleaf pllie of the South. The species most prized as a Christmas tree is, in the eastern half of the United States, the eastern white pine; and in the West, the western white, often called silver, pine. As with a 1 1 white pines, needles of both spe cies are in bundles of fives; are fine and slender, almost silken, sometimes with the tips curing upward. Color range: medium green to light green. Among our more plentiful two needled pines are the Jack pine, Norway or red pine, and the Jer sey or scrub pine. Familiar three - needled pines are the pon derosa pine (a western species only) and the pitch pine. These, however, are seldom used f o r Christmas trees. But what of our other native evergreen trees and shrubs, such as the cypresses, junipers, arbor vitaes, the incense cedar, etc.? These rarely are suitable for Christmas trees. However, sprays of their aromatic, cone-laden foli age, especially of arborvilac, are often assembled into wreaths, ta ble pieces, etc. Adding to this great exhibit of native American evergreens arc many handsome exotic or foreign ones, introduced into this coun try from far-off lands and now widely planted as ornamentals. Perhaps the most famous of these in America is a giant Deo dar cedar on the grounds of the , Luther Burbank home in Santa Rosa, California. (This species of cedar, by the way, hails from the Himalaya Mountains and adjacent ranges in Asia.) Planted by Mr. Burbank before the turn of the century, this magnificent cedar, now more than 100 feet tall, is lighted each year as Santa Rosa's community Christmas tree. Other Editor's Opinions ... (THE CHRISTUN SCIENCE MONITOR) Having produced the world's first fully automatic post office last month, the United Stales Postal Service is now developing something called Spcedmail. It works this way: A machine at office A opens a letter and transmits a photograph of it elec tronically to office B where a facsimile print is made by an other machine, which then seals the "instant letter" into a new envelope for delivery. Lest anyone start worrying about the privacy of his mail, we hasten to add that no human ever sees what the transmitting machine does, and that to date this experiment is being carried out on official government mail only. But the results are promis ing. And some day the public may benefit from same-day Id ler delivery across the nation. This burgeoning of ingenuity might be classed as a kind of parting tribute . to Postmaster General Arthur Summerfield, who has run the tautest ship the post al department has seen in dec ades. Mr. Summerfield deserves the public's warm thanks for brinp ing a really professional interest to this job, usually regarded as little more than a payoff for po litical services rendered. He ha put new efficiency and alertness into a service that often had seemed to slog along out of touch with C&1c.90$j0s polices. o
