Herald and news. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1942-current, June 16, 1953, Image 9

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Herald and news., June 16, 1953, Page 9, Image 9

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Newspaper Page TextTUESDAY, JUNE 16, 1953 HERALD AND NEWS. KLAMATH FALLS, OREGON PAGK.N1NT Rosenbergs Not Tried For Treason Bat Under Espionage Laiv Of 1917 (This la the second In the thn... perl terlet on the espionage con Hpirscy case of Julius and Ethel Rosenberi, who are scheduled to be executed June 18) By ARTHUR EVERETT NEW YORK lv-I ,n atom bomb were aimed attbe strategic heart of New York 'City, It probably would explode pot tar from Foley Square. ; . ; A little oasis of greenery In a vast desert of concrete. It lies almost in the! middle of Lower Manhattan Island. It is between the approaches to 'the Brooklyn and Manhattan Bridges that link Man hattan and Brooklyn. Not far away are the Holland Tunnel, tne Wil liamsburg Bridge, the Wall street financial district, the Battery. Nearby are City Hall, the Su preme Court House, the Cilmlnal Courts Building and the State Of fice Building, t Rising 30 stories above Foley Square is the United states Court house, where .on March (i, 1951, Julius Rosenberg, his wife, Ethel, and their1 friend, Morton Sobell, went on trial 81 atom spies. 'BENEDICT ARNOLDS' -They were, In the eyes of the government, the Benedict Arnolds in the Interest of Moscow, They were depicted as persuad ing Ethel Rosenberg's brother, David Greenglass, to turn over atom secrets to Gold at Los Alamos, Including sketches of the lens mold the trigger apparatus of the A-bomb, They were, In short, accused of conspiring to destroy American's monopoly on the A-bomb and to surrender it to Russian hands long before Moscow would otherwise have solved the nuclear riddle, Julius Rosenberg also was said to have provided defense secrets to Russian agents on his own. His 100-pound, five foot tall wife was alleged to have handled the sten ographic work Involved In the be trayal. ' DRAMATIC MOMENT A dramatic moment In the. trial came March 9. when David Green- glass took the witness stand to look his sister and brother-in-law in the eye and denounce them as betravers of their native land. Grcenglass had already pleaded miillv to atomic espionage, claim ing that the Rosenbergs prevailed on him to aid in the plot. He was four years younger than Julius Rosenberg and a hero worshipper of his brother-in-law. His only v & w if! "f " i J v. , - H i MM-li' i nit I n I n, hmmmt oiaaaaaiaaaaaa. aaaaaaaaaaaaaai JULIUS ROSENBERG and hi. wife, Ethel, both of whom or. . scheduled fo die June 18 in Sing Sing's electric chiir, were a solemn looking couple during their espionage -trial In New York's'' federal courthouse in March, 1951. Their arrest was one q the main steps in the' cracking of an international ' atomic; spy conspiracy. i of a new, enormously deadly atomic era. They were th first of their kind ever to stand trial. Other plotters of that Ilk had pleaded guilty without a trial. In its opening remarks to a jury of 11 men and one woman, the government referred to the trio as "triatorous Americans." Actually, they were not tried for treason, which the Constitution de fines as warring on the United States or adhering to its enemies In time of war. They were-tried unier a general espionage law of Tney were accused of conspiring during World War II to transmit national defense information to So viet Russia, which was then a wartime ally but turned cold war enemy In the years that followed. GOVERNMENT'S CASE The government proposed to prove that Harry Gold, the mousy little Philadelphia chemist, was the chief American contact for Dr. Klaus Fuchs, when the British scientist worked at Los Alamos, N. M.,' on history's first atomic bomb. Gold and Fuchs were con fessed Soviet agents, both serving prison terms at the time of the Rosenberg trial. The Rosenbergs and Sobell al legedly also worked through Gold other slated reason for his crime was $Mo paid him by a Russian diplomatic official. Greenglass, knowing he was fac ing a possible death penalty for his crime and that his wife, Ruth, 29. was mixed up In the plot, turned government witness. She could have been a defendant. In stead, in anticipation of her coop eration as a witness for the gov ernment, she was made merely a co-conspirator, as was Gold. Mrs. Rosenberg paled slightly as she watched ncr brother take tne stand. GREENGLASS HELPS Greenglass backed up the gov ernment's version of the spy plot to the hilt. - ' He described Rosenberg as a man who voluntarily dedicated his life to the cause of communism. Greenglass quoted Ethel as telling bis wife in 1944: . "Julius finally got to the polrft where he was doing what he al ways wanted to do giving Infor mation to the Soviet Union." .- Greenglass testified Rosenberg specifically besought him to pro vide Information on the A-bomb from his sensitive post tp a ser geant at the Los Alamos wartime cradle of - atomic fury. So conversant was . Rosenberg Bricker Claims Taft Backing In Treaty-Limiting Amendment : 1 By JACK BELL WASHINGTON W Sen. Bricker fR-Ohlo) suid today he has a ' pledee of support from Sen. Tafl (R-Ohlo)- for efforts to get early Senate action on a proposed con stitutional amendment to limit treaty-making powers. Proponents say the amendment would prevent treaties from operat ing as legislation in the U. S., overriding domestic law. except with the approval of Congress. It also would provide congressional regulation of all executive agree ments those concluded by th President or his representatives without being submitted to the Sen ate as treaties. Sen. Wiley (R-Wis). who Joined with three Democrats yesterday fn a minority report of the Sennto Judiciary committee criticizing the Bricker proposal, said he is ready for a vigorous light against the amendment. "This amendment is the most dangerous legislation that ever came before. Congress," Wiley de clared. "No other amendment has ever attempted to shift power from the executivo to the legislative branch. This Is an attempt- to create a congressional oligarchy." President Elsenhower has said the proposal would restrict In cer tain ways the authority the Presi dent mast have if he is to conduct the foreign affairs of the nation elfectlvely. n..i. mmH nriripri' thai "the conclusion of an armistice agree ment in tt.orca wouiu uv vumiuiy impossible in the absence of spe i.i t-,w,initnl mithorltv." ar guing that each step in negotiations would nave io oe nujjruvea ujr 'lawmakers in advance. A majority report from the Sen ate Judiciary Committee denied thnt the amendment would inter fere with treaty powers, contend tnr ,hat oirropmnLs could be made Just as they are now with the ex ception that they would not super sede domestic law unless Congress approvea. The key to a happy father -a ' Gift from RUDY'S 6th and Main We Will Pay Tod Priest In CASH For CATERPILLAR D-6,D-7,D-8 TRACTORS Rejordleil of Ae , or Conditio. Phone, Wire or Write NATIONAL TRACTOR COMPANY 5331 Stockton Blvd. Socromonto, Colli. Phono HI 6-47 I'with America's ton secret. Green- glass eaia, mat ne was aoie describe the A-bomb In detail sev en months before the first one was dropped on Hiroshima Aug. 6, IMS. After the first bomb, Greenglass swore he gave Rosenberg a 13-page description of the newer, deadlier A-bomb dropped on Nagasaki. E-ANTABTlh aftifiRAST Greenglass also quoted his broth er -in-law as boasting of obtaining Information from an unidentified informant on a projected space platform a fantastic satellite to hover above the earth as a sort of ethereal battleship. OMinvlau tnli thn Itirv that he rintnilnd Instructions- from Rosenberg on, how to flee to Rus sia via Mexico, If a Became nec essary, he- government claimed the Rosenbergs were preparing such a flight when seised by the FBI. i- There was one other point In nvMnffiBK tantimonv that seemed rather minor at the time. He told of a table to the Kosenoerg aprv ment that allegedly was a gift ... - 41, Onulaiu ' uvn - - ..... . D,aAnfcrir utjM- denied this, ana said he bought tne laoie ior uuu. (21 at Macy's aepanmenv niuio " VMb r-ifv T.nna- after the 1-,CW IV w.-J- B trial, adherents of Rosenberg claimed- that the table Indeed came from Macy's where It re tailed at about the price Rosenberg mentioned. - . , A TABLE TURNED ' . ' This claimed proof of the table's it.n.Kitt nfin.siiftnip.inMA orlsln was used In' legal appeals to attack the credibility oi urecngimia reo- J1!',.. b Isn f- h rhnrired in the months to come that Greenglass was a perjurer, wno wra , feebler story at his arrest but doo- , a it ,-j ,nlaro-Ml nn .it With iwrea - - c government prodding, so it would stand up at the trial. But Green glass never backtracked an inch from the chilling story he told dur ing those days In early March of 1951. . tmuHi Via bMM it op not. when Greenglass stepped down from the witness stand he had doomed his sister and ner nusoana. nis w the heart of the government's case. ir. n-A.nnla.. ' corroborated her husband's atory, testifying she neipea inauce mm w apy wv urging of the Rosenbergs, SECRETS AWAY Th.n Ham, Hold was brought from prison to swear that the sto len atom secreis were -seni im mediately to the Soviet Union." . On March 21, 1B51, Julius Rosen berg took the witness stand. Point by point he denied the testimony -m nH,n,l,u rA otKn tavern- ment witnesses. He refused, how ever, to answer seven queswuoo designed to determine If he ever was a Communist. The only clue to his feelings toward the Soviet Union came wnen ne wsimeu; m M,r!tititri a mnlnr ahare t- 4k. ,Mtt-rHAn of thn Hitler beast who killed six million of my (jewism eo-reiigioniaw. i ien emu. tlonal about It then and t do now." WIFE IMZNIES PART - ' Mrs. Rosenberg, in turn, backed up her husband's story, she denied she ever typed any secret data intended eventually for Russian hands. Sobel did not take the witness stand. The Jury debated the Issues for 10 hours and, on March 39, 1851, found all three defendants guilty. Mrs. Tessie Greenglass, the gray, stooped 71-year-old mother of Ethel Rosenberg and David Greenglass, moaned at the verdict and cried: x -r blame the Russians for nolson- tag my children.". It was expected the Rosenbergs would get the maximum prison ,bvm nf a win ., nnnth for a. ci vilian American spy was unheard of. only military courts had ever doomed a ieasrai spy, . , 'DEATH BUKFKlSfc nirf .M. Anrll S 10S1 ' ihm trial Judge, Irving R, Kaufman, hag gard from sleepless fretting over ,V-a rfaUfnn that, lav hafora him. ascended the bench to pronounce sentence oi deatn ior vuiius Rosen berg and his wife. xrinli, tliA rvj mh find mMM for what you have done." said the 42-year-oia jurist, a jewisn lawyer with a Roman Catholic college ed ucation. He looked down on the dlmlnu- H.u noman hafnrn VilVn anil oallad her "a lunneagea partner in uus crime." And he added of both the Rosen bergs: . "Love for their cause dominated their lives. It was even greater than their love for their' children." Judge Kaufman estimated their crime in these words: "Plain deliberate murder' Is dwarfed -In magnitude by comcari- Uon with the crime you have com mitted ... I believe your conduct in putting into the hands-of the Russians the A-bomb year before our best scientists predicted Rus sia would perfect the bomb already hat caused the Communist aggres sion In Korea with the resultant casualties exceeding 50,000 (at that time) Americana . . . "Millions more or Innocent peo ple may pay the price for your treason. "Indeed by your betrayal, you undoubtedly have- altered the course of history to the disadvan tage of your. country." , Outside' the courtroom on Foley I H TWINE II 'J&y t5 T " T jjj J .W Kerns maatw naMSikT Ikaat Mk. Mil Square that spring day two years ago, church bells teUed the hour of noon . and their faint peals echoed between Kaufman's grave and measured sentences, SOBELL: M YEARS Sobell escaped with 30 years In prison, In Kaufman'a view, hla was a lesser role In the conspiracy. He eventually wound up In Al catras. , Rosenberg and his wife managed a thin smile for each other. They sang popular song and ballads to gether In their detention cell Im mediately after the sentencing. Their older boy, Michael, then eight, said of their punishment which he so vaguely comprehend ed: -.-! "They couldn't do anything wrong. They taught us never to do anything wrong.'". The next day Greenglass was re warded for bis cooperation In the case. His wife was cleared of the threat of prosecution. He got the relatively light sentence of 16 years, Kaufman told him: "You helped us strike a death blow to the trafficking of our mil itary secrets by foreign agents." Laritil Stack InS-lai- Mako a-lMoo la Ikla (art of Ika cat Mtnt oploat atana, Baalal Oar- ohM alia. LOUIS H MANN PIANO CO. 120 N. 7th Haaaaaond Oreoi Chord Oreo , ? i. Lilian in -r- rriii' ' " 5, k40&tit&Ltm.4 ,a,w,rt,crff,.i wriy.&m i -r . i .a rjhiia,-i.tf;VaWtf .'life i' '-V' VitaaJ LINOLEUM Color Correlated for Every Roem MODERNIZE ' No Down Payment Up to 36 Month to Pay W. Wayne Martin ' 1945 So. 6th St. PImm 1370 Popular "Colifornio" luqqaqe made especially for Miller's. Sturdy coverings in 3-ply veneer. Your choice of 15" cosmetic case, 1 3" or 21" Overnite, 21"' wardrobe, and 26". Pullman, All are -Vi price of pre-marked prices. Tremendous value! Convenient lay-oway or uie your charge account, - - SPECIAL!. V PURCHASED K . ... ' 'illDIi ' - - 1 he insiders" call it the buy of the year ! This great new medium-priced line is making , the kind of news you like to read: "a truly big car that even 'lowest-price' buyers find interesting." Tpr you've got a new car in mind, don't mis a demonstration in the medium pneed car that's made news all year the new Packard CLIPPER, Try the others, of course. We welcome comparison, because in the CLIPPER we've got values you'll find only in a car made by Packard, America's most ex perienced producer of fine cars. Have you overlooked this? Maybe you're a confirmed "lowest price' car buyer, but are beginning to wonder whether you couldn't use a little more automobile on today's crowded, hi(h-apeed highways. We'd especially like to have you see and drive the new CLIPPER. For, if you'll think a minute, you'll realize that with a dolled-up "lowest- priced" car you're really in the medium price field anyway, or close to it. And you've still got, basically, a smaller, lighter car, with no chance of adding the BIG Important Three of today's driving: power steering, power braking and power shifting ... all of which are available to CLIPPER owners. Every inch your big-car dreamt That 122-inch CLIPPER wheelbnse and overall length of 213 inches is Big Carl Yet the CLIPPER is perfectly park able in metered spots and tight spaces. And on the road it's a dream! Power? Ever since you took your first jalopy to your heart, you've heard that Packard engines are famous the world over for power and ruggedness. "-ndlu.tr.,.,,- ONiy Kom0rn a . f I- Pin..,.. . i2?Lmaw.o, .ti ' "Tcooiffluni. Visit your Packard dealer soon and see for yourself why low- and medium-price buyers call the CLIPPER "the buy" of the year. , In addition to the Clipper, PACKARD is building today a ear so beautiful and fine that it is applauded everywhere as "America's new choice in fine cars. Ask the man who owns one today I , LEE HUFF MOTOR CO. 603 So. 6th St. Klamath Falls, Ore.