Herald and news. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1942-current, May 26, 1944, Image 1

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Herald and news., May 26, 1944, Page 1, Image 1

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Newspaper Page Textwfrnfl fl WIW fo) fo) v UVL "... A FIFTH GRABS j!TrnANICJENKINS I f.T. Ihn miotllllht to- FT tiiiio CXClU.lonof Oil IuM'llcr?:.. .,.lu-,.n Herman (JLim below Homo nro smuithcd rtniM as WAS Hum- WrK. the on.u CUtoMtart reaction, will US Hltl' FortrcM of Eur- jft, ll foundation.. rtlEHE ro ALREADY signs wW-'k tel.. ETw.ftV 3g ifSTED and If furnished 300 ffnM..d400 tank.. if hnt la true. Ik P mUIiiu mora c,rt),ln h0 h"5 S1, .v.. ,.,1-nim hnrae mid P' u J to switch her bot. The K plane and 400 lank.) U krttty low. , . .. r Turkey. iokk "l v L, .lid mo Dardanelles. U Mica. ... wvjit flmui : H i w" a .wilii ii wnv. one of th two direct German retreat Kin ten miles-easy artillery C...f Cimtlllnn wny. the K."-."..... ji...i rnli-i.iit rnuln f Their purpose Id to GET BE IlIND Kewclrlng'. nrmlo. and fttn're within 20 ml la. of Ikome ol the nearest point, but P110 nfWHITPlVir. NOW WITH ROME. Our Immediate lunate Is to SMASH GERMAN &RSIIE3. ... fCHOM the other end of the IT buttle wo hear today that Lhi lllllor Una Is "only a mem- Lv" The Gustav lino wo. broken long ago. There', .till mother German lino about ID mile, from Rome, but wo hopo loTRAP a lot of German. bo- Bore they can got bacK to li A LOT of u hero on the homo front, our nerve, .trotched tight with waiting, are tempted lo irumble bocauao our leader, don I give the fateful ordor to leap tho chunncl and assault ttne nazi Atlantic wn. Wn'ri better hold our hore, 111 we can .mash the Germain In llaly first, we'll make the filter Job easier T1IE prisoner lotol 1. up today 1 to 12,0002,000 In a day. The curve U RISING. Every ihirp rlso In tho prl.oner totnl mirks a drop In tho morale of incjjcirlng '. armies V)UR Pacific navy today break. jw radio silence to toll ua that Bn our ro d on Wake last week Hnportcd then by the Japs) wo hw NOT A SINGLII JAf jPLANE. Wo iow two enemy planes at Mnrcus, ono of which f shot down and tho other we destroyed on the ground. At swrcus we lost four piano, ana jlnrce pilots, Wo lost none at iwike. I On both Island., the Jap. took 9 bad pasting with practically JNO air resistance. I Why? They must bo-gottlng nn oi planes, 5fW tho sad homo front ALL MILLS In Seattle. Tacoma, Spokane and' Portland are CLOSED. Union official, quot w today think from 30,000 to m.OOo men hnvo walked off. ftmnioycr estimate, run consld irrabl v lnwni- (Tho lumber that is not being 'oduccd can't bo used by tho y and navy for ammuni- boxes, crates for planes, r"'"w, tonus and gun., otc, . THE whole affair remains' a puzzle. Everyone knows that theso wn who arc walking off their at this critical moment In e war are good citizens, They jvo boys In tho service, Just ta J! PPle- Tholr desire wm the war as quickly as Wlblc I. just a. strong a. 'lybody's, i ,5y "J""1 ,ocl that they have f...i grievance. m ET tho figure, don't show it. Hnrn tu mi.., . ... C 5,Plno nssociatlon (Mod &Klnmnth' Lakovlcw) tho lv": " wooaa wage Including nri Vu u 1,1 1H3 was 51.288 II 156 Bvcraso mlu w8o wa. There irwu "'I'V""' lu on a Ren continued on Page Four) . Roosevelt May Churchill K&iItl?T0N- May 28 (P) KS Roosevolt. faugh.n&ly "iBiu ?'?' tnBt ho might Ion p'i! ?h P.r.'me Minister Win- iumrnir sometime In tho Wing! ' r arly wlntor or i new.qilrilon cme up during Mtwr on,eronce discussion of Wesfc J,ecau8o.o i nro,iS Bnd .because , of .Presiciont's manner the ra- lou ,S. u,a not tell how se- to- .was with the ob.erva- elec- w fom Novembers ASSOCIATED PRESS PRICE FIVE CENTS SENTRY KILLED JAP AS 'DUTY', Tulelake Gate Fight Sparked by Tag r A coroner'. Jury of white rancher, decided early toduy that Sh loch I Jumc. Okomoto, 30, Tulelako segregee, was killed by a soldier of the United State, army "In lino of duty." Thl. verdict wa. reached af ter an Inquest which began last night and lasted for several hours, under direction of Modoc county authorities. A military investigating board is now at work on Die caso, but ha. an nounced no decision,.' . - v Tag Start. Row. Information developed at tho inquest brought out that the dif ficulty between Okomoto, and an unidentified military sentry at the Tute project gate Wednesday afternoon, started over a ques tion of an Identification tag worn by tho evacuee. . Okomoto and . the .entry; It was stated, had word, over this matlor when Okomoto drove a truck through the gate to get lumber. The Issue wa. apparent ly taken up again when Oko moto returned. ' ' Told Twice Roy Campbell, Tulelake, tes tified that he heard the santry twice tell Okomoto to get out of the car and twice to stand bock. There was also testimony by. Japanese that the sentry struck Okomoto before tho shoot ing. It wa. reported that evi dence indicated that Okomoto, from the position of his body after the shooting, was not turn (Continued on Pago Two) WRA Holds Nine Japs for Threats War relocation authorities to day held nine men in the isola tion area of the Tulelake segre gation c o n t c r on charges of threatening several resident families who had refused to send their children to Japanese language schools In the camp. "We will not tolerate any in terference with the rights of resident parents to send their children to any school available hero," Project Director' Ray R. Best said. . ' At tho sprawling . northern California center which houses some 18,000 persons of Japa nese descent who are admitted ly disloyal to the United States, there are school, operated by tho center on American . stan dards and Japanese language schools operated by tho resi dents at tholr own expense. Attendance at , cither type school Is not compuisory, Best said. ! ' '.-' JURY DECLARES Lumber 'Vacation' Heads Nation's Strike List; Nine Million Board Feet Lost Daily By Th AttocUttd Pren A rtnnnml liimhnr flniin ill 4"a. - v (-. u r iu. Hn.iUmnst itH-tt-i mar nrnrllip. tion board officials estimating a dally production loss oi w.uuu, 000 board feet, today headed a list nl nt. least eieht walkouts throughout the nation.' Estimates of the total num-. ber of men idle varied from 20,000 to as many a. 81,000, due to widely different opin ions on the number idle In the Pacific northwest. Most; walk outs were due to wage demands. ; without ureaa niMnu -, 'i.lt-fiinllv wlihnllt " wcuui. nno bread I or bakery goods In a drivers' tie-up, one of four Michigan walkouts which kept about .7000 idle.. A walkout In f cl T.n.U Til. 'nnri St. Louis, ;Mo oil refineries of the Socony-Vacuum Oil company,, left 608 men idle. With the aviation gasoline, W. F. Burt, company manufacturing direc tor, telegraphed President Roosevelt for help,' terming the walkout "unthinkable on the eve of our invasion of Europe," IN THE KLAMATH FALLS, OREGON, FRIDAY, MAY 26, 1944 Chief Medico Dr. Lowell Coggeihall, above, senior medical officer at the Klamath Fall. Marine Barracks, is a world authority .on tropical disease, who turned down the leadership of the Rockefeller Foundation at the time he ac cepted the Important post here. Dr. Coggeihall ha. juit received his commission as a full com mander In the United States navy reserve. Picture wa. taken of Dr. Coggeshall while giving an Interview to the press. . E CHUNGKING, May 26 m Communication with Loyang has been , cut off since yoster doy, leading to belief that Hon on province stronghold has fal len to tho Japanese. Tokyo claimed Its capture, in a broad cast yesterdoy. MoJ. Gen. C. C. Tseng, army spokesman, said Loyang prob ably has fallen, but he had no confirmation. . On tho Salween lront In Yun nan province, he said, the Chi nese had reached a point 25 miles from tho Burma road town of Lungllng. The spokes (Continued on Pago Two) Two Klamath Airmen Get DFC Two . Klamath Falls i airmen who have recently returned from months of action in the South Pacific, were awarded the. Distinguished Flyings Cross, according to announcement made Friday by the war department. Awarded the medals were 1st Lt. Charles R. Miner, 2209 Arth ur, and Tech. Sgt. Donald L. Gys bers, 4315 Frieda,- Both young men have visited in Klamath Falls with their families since returning from the Pacific thea ter. They were mentioned sev eral times in dispatches from the Pacific area for outstanding heroism while In action. Union officials did not com ment. Meanwhilo about 4700 work ers In at least six other plants cither were returning to work or had voted to return pending settlements. Other Phases In other phases of the labor picture, the warehouse division of the CIO International Long shoremen's and Warehousemen's union at San Francisco pledged abandonment of tho strike as an economic weapon for the duration of the war and "in definitely thereafter." Hundreds of loggers joined mill and boom workers in the Pacific northwest lumber tie-up, protesting national WLB denial of wage increases. Estimates of the number idle, quoting lum- kfl-man nnf lnhnr nffiplnls. va ried from 8500 to 40,000. Spo- Kane pine mmoer manufactur ers invited the government to take over production in 12 idle nlants in a telegram to Presi dent Roosevelt. The district coun'c 1 of the SIO internation al Woodworkers of America o 1 WW SHASTA-CASCADE WONDERLAND nn A SAYS SENATE Judiciary Group's Third Member Dissents WASHINGTON, May 28 If) A senate judiciary subcommittee headed by Senator. McCarran (D-Nev.) declared today Presi dent Roosevelt had "-no constitu tional or. statutory authority" to issue the executive order under which . Montgomery Ward and company's Chicago mail order house was seized by armed troops last month. ... . , . . The sharply r worded report criticized. ' Attorney . . General Blddle, who assured . the presi dent, he had authority to issue tho order; Secretary ,of - Com merce Jones, who called, for sol dier, to take over the plant and elect Sewell Avery., Ward board chairman; the conciliation serv ice, oi the department of labor; the war labor board and the na tional labor relations board.. - i Decline, to Sign ' ' i Senator Revercomb (R-WV. V.), Joined Mcdarran' in thfc reDort. but the third member of the sub committee, senator - Men ariand (D-Arlr.) declined to sign it. . Senator McFarland -said he did not join in the report because "t believe that the subcommittee ha. not made the kind of inves tigation calculated to get the facts required for a -full report." . Should be Heard "To: be more specific," he added in' a statement, "I think that the- subcommittee , should not have denied, the interested parties an opportunity to-' be heard,, and that it should- not make a report that is based sole ly upon documentary - evidence. Which may not be complete, and (Continued on Page Two) , . Lt, Bockmier Down in Romania Lt.. Ralph 'H, Bockmier Jr., 23, bomber pilot, is reported mining 'over Romania, accord ing to word received here from the young flyer's wife,' the former-Dawn Everitt of this city, now in Spokane.: Mr. and' Mrs. Earl . Whitlock were advised by their daughter m a telephone call early Thursday night. Lt. Bockmier entered the air corps a year . ago in February, received his wings ' at Maria, Tex,, and was last stationed- at March Field, . Calif., where, he received ' overseas ' orders. He had just gone to his European base and it is thought that he went down- on either his first or second mission. Mrs. Bock mier was at March Field with her husband until three weeks ago when . she . returned here with her young son,' Ralph 3rd, to be with, the Whitiocks. The young couple ' were ; married here May SO; 1041. planned to meet tomorrow (Sat urday) to study further action. - -- - Fourth Day . ' In Detroit the strike of 1800 employes at two plants of Parke Davis and company, went into its fourth day. . About 2500 workers were idle in a dispute 'over smoking regu lations in three General Motors' Chevrolet transmission division plants at Muskegon.' . ' Other walkouts included: South Bend, Ind., 3000 em ployes of strut and turret divi sions and a carburetor division of the 'Bendlx Products plant, and 380 members of CIO Unit ed Auto Workers in the Gen eral Aviation. Equipment . com pany plant, Ashley, Pa. . s-..V' Strikes-End .-. -v-:''' Walkouts 'apparently over in cluded: At iMuncle, Ind.,- 2200 .voted to return to. their jobs tomor row (Saturday) at Ball Brothers Manufacturing '.company plant, v At Sparrow. Point, Md., 168 railway systern bus drivers vot- (Continued on Page Two) NO AUTHORITY SUBCOMMITTEE NEA FEATURES NUMBER 10117 These h- .This ow tfent her plggie. ahead a. backwaters of the De. Moines river forced the pig family to swim to higher ground on farm south of De Moines, la. (AP wirephoto). Officer Admits Sending War Information to Firm WASHINGTON, May7 28 m Commander John ;D. Corrigan, suspended "trouble shooter" for the navy's ordnance bureau; ad mitted' to the senate war invies tigating committee. today.-he bad sent a letter marked "restrict ed"- to- a Chicago firm in, which he retains a half -Interest and .askedthaiiWcbe burned after being read; '. , ..' i-j Introduced in 'evidence at' a hearing ' was a photostatic .copy of a letter -dated September 13, 1942,' which Corrigan said ' he wrote on-navy department sta tionery in his office in the ord nance bureau.- - - . , , , . . . O wn. Stock '. ' It .: was. addressed to ""David Amour, , at Corrigan, Osburitfe and Wells, Chicago. The,.43r year-old commander is former president of the engineering and production consultation firm and testified he still owns. half the stock. . V ' The letter "said: "Inclosed .you wlll.find a list of the manufacturers to whom the bureau of ordnance . has given money for plant facilities. The headings across the top of the ' sheet are self-explanatory. If you look down the; list un der the heading entitled 'naval inspector' it wilirtell y ou wheth er or not these 'people.:are.- lo-cated-'in'your district.. " '. :'Vj" ; Take Data "After you nay e -looked this over and taken whatever data you want off it, .will . you be kirid enough-to see-that it is destroyed by fire. You- will nor tice at' the top it says 'restrict ed,' which .means it -.is not for general- distribution. - "So' when you. get' all the in? formation you want off it please destroy .it.. But do yourself and your country a favor by selling some of. these' people here on a job and then . proceed , to . get 8500 Japs Die In Manipur Area SOUTHEAST ! ASIA HEAD QUARTERS, KANDY, Ceylon, May 26 iff) Allied, -headquarters estimated today that a total of 8500 Japanese . troops, have been killed in the Manipur area in northeastern . India, where heavy fighting was, said to' be continuing in the Bishenpur sec tor southwest of Imphal. Additional' heavy losses are being .inflicted oa the invaders in this ' fighting, ; headquarters said. ' -.-.,':.. Despite all - attempts, , a, com munique 'declared, the Japanese have failed to ' penetrate' allied positions on the southwest edge of the Imphal plain and have been thrown back in disorder on the Tamu-Palel road, leaving 200 killed and abandoning eight ma chlneguns.' . - . Suit Filed on Dime'StoreHeir LOS ANGELES,. May 26 (f) Count Haugwitz-Reventlow filed suit, today against his former wife, Barbara Hutton Grant, seeking control of the education and rearinc of their 9-year-old son, Lance. Haugwitz-Reventlow. .His .complaint .alleges itnai since last June 15 she and per sons in-her household have used "coarse and yulgar .language" (n the boy-'s presence. . , ... , iww - - Little Piggies Want Dry Land thenv the results that you gave daily.1 ' - ' ' ' ; . . .' , "Best regards and good' wish es, , ; . . -... j"Joha D. .Corrigan, - iXt. Commander, SSNR." 1 No Justification - -Under. -a. cross fire -of- ques tioning by xommittee member. an4 th i Committee d p u n S e l, Hugh Fulton, Corrigan declared he-did not maintain Jie had. "any justification" for.:-sending , the letter; .'v'." ; ; ' " fThi4 'Wo"uId' be verjr.-valuable information to your firm, would It- not?"-inqiiIred ; Senator Fer guson. CR-Mich)., . "I would . say It would - be valuable as . it . separates, the army and' navy compared with a : war production board- 'list," Corrigan replied.: .: . . ; . ", "It shows- also firms: you;, in spected Y- -. ,.-.-. . :.v . "That's true?" . j.; v ' , ,. -Valuable to Self . "It would be valuable -to you personally . if your company could solicit this business?" ' "It would-be valuable to me ; and to the war effort that those companies should ' get on to war production." . Chairman Truman j(D-Mo.) of the . senate war investigating committee ' told . Corrigan. after he had stepped down from the f ; .(Continued.on 'Page:Four) - - .... Yanft Bombers " Hit Railyards : . LONpON, - May 26 (IP) American bombers from Italy to day attacked, the Lyon rally ards, bottleneck for German supplies tnrougn.-.the Knone- valley to southern France, and kept the allied air offensive rolling.: . Between - 500 .and 750' Fort resses and Liberators from their southern' ' bases' also attacked railroad, yards at St. Etienne, 40 miles southwest- of Lyon, Cham bray, Grenoble, and - Nice - and the Var river bridge five miles southwest of Nice on the French riviera as well as the yards at Vaise at the northwest edge of Lyon and at La Mouche at the southeast . edge of the city in widespread operations. The raids were carried out while bad weather grounded most planes in Britain. ' - Warehousemen Abandon Strike SAN FRANCISCO. Mav. 26 ,(P) Abandonment of the strike as an economic weapon, . not only for the duration of the war, but "indefinitely there after has been pledged by the warehouse division of the In ternational Longshoremen's and Warehousemen's union in a 'resolution' adopted on recom mendation of Harry Bridges. . President Richard Lynden of local 1-6 Of the uio affiliated ILWU disclosed today the local not only has asked that the no- strike pledge be written into all future contracts, but it has recommended that other-" ILWU unions and the California CIO fall in line with the policy en undated by - Bridges, ILWU president, in an address before the local, The resolution was in two sections one a reaffirmation of the wartime no-strike pledge and -the other a proposed pre amble for-allVtho local's con tracts. ":' May 28, 1944 Max. (Mar 25) ........71 Mln ' 48 Precipitation last 24 hour. .00 ' Stream year to dale 7.70 ' Normal ........ 10.90 r Last year . .....18.25 Foreca.it Fair and Warmer ' rx ... .... iiirii'iririnrLn.nriniiri.ft, ; WASHINGTON,- May 26 (IP) Racial, sectional and political angles combined today to make a $500,000 item for the nresi- dent's- fair' employment : prac tices --.committee , the center, of the biggest fight in: a house id. propriations bill of $1,033,358,- ooi. . - ' .''.:.,.-;', - ' - ": The committee, .wail created a year -ago' tomorrow for; the an nounced purpose of preventing discrimination' in employment because of race; color, creed or national- origin. , Its activities have , met strong resistance ' in the south-on the contention ' that it is a political - attempt, from outside to' force ' changes . in '' tra ditional: customs. '.. .. . .t; Seek- Elimination'' Southern house members who were aided by. a handful of re publicans' lost the first round (Continued. on Page Two) Officer Convicted Of Killing Four : CAMP ANZA,' Calif., May 26 (fl?) An army court martial con victed Lt. Beaufort G. Swancutt today on a charge of murdering four persons in a shooting ..'af fray here last March .5. and rec ommended that he be hanged. ' , The time, and : place of ' the execution must be fixed by the president. . - . . Swancutt, charged with" mur dering his girl: friend and. three other persons, appeared during the . last stages of his trial to be resigned .to his fate. '. When, the verdict was announced, he show ed no' sign of . emotion. , When the. .penalty 'was.; fold.r he like wise appeared unaffected. .-.'.'. , Only 2 Jap Planes Oppose l U. S. Slash at Marcus,Wake f By LIEF ERICSSON U. S. PACIFIC FLEET HEAD QUARTERS, PEARL HARBOR, May 26 (IP) Japan's aerial weak ness along the Pacific highroad to Tokyo overshadowed today the devastation left by American carrier planes in a double-bitted slash at Marcus and Wake is lands. :: .,;'-.'" ' . ; "' - Only two Japanese aircraft appeared as filers of Rear Adm. Alfred E. Montgomery's prowl ing task force gave Marcus a two day currying with 148 tons of bombs. One was shot out of the air.. - The other was destroyed on the runway of the tiny island, 1137 miles: southeast of Tokyo. .. None at Wake Not an enemy plane was seen at Wake where the Yanks poured 150 tons of bombs Tuesday, three days after they left Marcus in stallations in flaming wreckage. Wake . is 848 miles southeast of Marcus. : . (An- imperial communique broadcast by the Tokyo radio to day said' an allied-air fleet, ap peared before waKe island Wed nesday and carried out air at tacks. It claimed 30 attacking nlanea.were shot down), -' -' .- Adm. Chester W. Nlmitz an nouncement of the raids yester day made no mention of anti aircraft fire at wane and pre sumably, there was none for the Americans lost not a plane were. Four planes and three men were the losses reported for tna Mar cus attack which started a week CORE; EIGHTH T U. S.' Bombs, : Strafing Produces Chaos . Behind Lines v ; ALLIED ' HEADQUARTERS, NAPLES, May 26 (P) The f Iftn. army captured the town of Cori, seven miles outside the -former Anzio beachhead today as allied forces rolled the Germans back In' swift advances toward Rome. The eighth army, hitting --a stride in - coordination, tooJt frowning Monte Cairo and the town of Roccasecca beyond it in advances north of Cassino, allied headquarters announced.. .. - . . : San Giovanni Fall. - San Giovanni, on the southern edge of the LIri valley and four mues soutn ot oeprano, also wan captured. ' ..'."'-,." ..The capture of Cori, 6fr mllee northeast of Cisterna, severed the last enemy communication in ,the direction-of Calmontone) for1. any- German troops remain ing in the vicinity of the Pon tine.. marshes and placed the fifth army Within eight miles ot the Via Casilina (highway 7), thai route' which serves the enemy fighting in the Liri valley. ' Control HilU V The town also is nine.milaa due south of Valmontone where the Via Casilina intersects the new last ditch defense line thai Germans have formed for the final battle of Rome. - :,. 'i The seizure of Cori brought under ' American control thej inountain - area - from where tka German guns long had covereel the beachhead. . ; , . (The - German radio comme tator, Martin Hallensleben, in broadcast recorded in -London (Continued on Page Two) ': Levi Yalker, Indian, Dies . '-' ; lit ( Judge Levi Walker, 74, chaib man ..o.. the ...Klamath. ..-Tribal Loan board of Klamath Agency, died: at. his home - in: ChiloquUl at l-p. nii Friday, Judge Walker had. been: ill. for the pest three) weeks in the U. S. -government sanitarium . in Tacoma, Wash and had. returned to his hom at Chiloquin Monday. - . . Since 1918, Judge: Walker had taken, a . deep, interest, in all tribal affairs. . He . was tribal delegate to. Washington,: D.' C for several years and was in strumental to a degree in press ing for the Klamath Indians thft famous . Yamsay judgment ca which was decided, by thev United States supreme court in 1938 in favor of the Klamath to the sum of over seven mu lion dollars. 1 Levi Walker earned the title of ' judge', when he - served as judge of an Indian court in thr early history-of Klamat: Agency: At that time court was conducted and- judges chosen by . voice of the people and ap proval of 'the department of in terior. - - . .: Judge .Walker was born oa the Klaniath reservation. . Hel ls survived by his wife Dora, Children born to the couple died some years, ago- - Judge Walker's; .'death was attributed to his years and complication! of old age. Funeral arrange merits will be announced, later by Ward's. '' JT -,. . . ' ago today and continued Satur day.:,.- .-;:.!, TAKES HEIGH .. The Japanese had almost runt months : since Marcus was last hit-to build up its air and ground defenses:- : But the - absence- o plane, strength : allowed. : MonU gomery's fliers to pound at wilkt' They flew 373 'sorties, plastering airdrome " installations, supply dumps and buildings. They fire a small cargo vessel north of the island. ' 1 . . : t ,: . Show. Neutralisation - - ' Failure, ot the Japanese t produce a single plane at Wake, wrested from a gallant U. S. ma rlne garrison early in the war, indicated the extent of neutrali zation achieved by frequent raids' of Central Pacific-: land based army and navy- bombers,, . The Wake Japanese apparent ly were surprised so completely, that' theynever got. their anti aircraft -going during 354 sortie, by American planes. . This, den. spite-warnings that: an America.) force was on the prowl from, the Tokyo- radio which carried it version of the Marcus raid thev day. before Wake was hit. Armr bombers ran Into heavy groun fire in their last Wake raid, : May l7. : - The ' raiders ' destroyed - 2& buildings at Wake and damaged others. Several small vesielt in the lagoon were sunk or dams aged. . American task force had av . tacked Wake and Marcus twlc previously. ' '