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About The Evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 4, 1924)
Tlin EVENING I1ERAIJ). KLAMATH FALLS, OREGON MOMMY. IKIIIU AIIV . LIFE HISTO Phic Six RY OF WOODROW WILSON TWENTY-EIGHTH president of the United States, and the first democrat since Jackson to serve two successive terms, Woodrow Wilson occupied the presi dency during eight years of such world upheaval and turmoil, that his proper place in histoiy cannot be assigned to him until his contemporaries are likewise assigned to their niches. Certainly, he ranks as one of the great war presi dents of the American republic, and he exercised such an influence in world affaire as never before attached to his office. JSmplncs crumbled, thrones col-! . - . mpsnd, tho map of tho world wan ng hor father's administration r.:u! nAdo ovor, and under Ills admnlstra- Uon tho country abandoned Its policy ot (Isolation and became an active participant In world affairs. In all of that ho took a powerful hin.! No biographer could attempt to . sess him accurately, and In full. 111" the processes which began in his day and with hla jwrticipatlou havo come to a conclusion. Uecaiue Educator. ' An obscure lawyer, by n.niir- a mas of letter, he beoaime an eduu tor and won his first attention from Che public a president ot Princo- recognition at home and abroad, ton university. Then by the strange Tho young man who wrote of the ways of a political system he became j defects of the American political sys governor of New Jersey and later. tern in 1SS3 found himself to deal because the voters of the republican with them later. Having written in party were divided between Thoo- i a deprecatory tone of the tendency dore Roosevelt end WJlliam H. Tnft toward autocracy In American prw ho became president of the I'ntted , Idents he lived to bear himself call States. ed the greatest autocrat of them all During his eight years of power he and to see a resolution declaring hit, traveled the gamut of human envo-' office vacant on those grounds ra tions; victory, defeat; courtship and ; troduced and tabled in the senate, marriage; responsibility tor leading Became Professor, a nation into war with the collateral ! Successively. Wilson became responsibility of 'bringing It back professor of history and political again to the ways of peaks; . and economy at Bryn Mawr and at Wes tinally a daily struggle with death, leyan University and later professor Called "God of Peace." jot Jurisprudence and political eco- . Jio had beard himself balled by.nomy at Princeton where, subse the millions of Burope as "the God ! quently, he was made head of that ot peace" and heard his name hissed Institution. Meanwhile, Professor by the same millions. Acclaimed at one tiino almost as a new Messiah, he heaad himself excoriated and de naunced as an autocrat and worse at borne and abroad. No other Pres ident since Lincoln was so worship ped and hated; no other president slue j Roosevelt had such friends and such enemies. Through it an ho preserved an outward calm while the grmv destroyer whfcrh hovered dosj about him during the last mouths of his occupancy of the pres idency, followed him relentlessly to the modest home where he lived the ways of a retired gentleman an-, knocked at his door every day- until it was at last opened. ' After having borne the burdens of a. war president, he undertook the task ot making a peace which he sin cerely believed would be a lasting one and although . he succeeded ib getting Europe to accept ii In large measure his own country rejected It And In the fight he broke his health, wore himself out, suffered a stroke of paralysis which led to his death, and declared through It a,, that be would have been happy to give bis lite for the success of his effort. ' : ' Was Precedent Smasher I . ..Woodrow Wilson was a precedent smasher from beginning to end. He began by reviving the practice of Washington and Jefferson in deliv ering Jils messages to Congress In person; he finished by actually leav ing American soil and going to Eu rope.' His was the responsKillity o deciding when a country , with a people torn by conflicting sympa thies was ready to throw itself Into the great world war, and when the moment came he took the responsi bility of throwing in the men and millions, wlhioh turned the scale to Victory. ' . y WThat ever an army of Boewells may . write, that will be the port in which he will be best remembered by coming generations. '' Known as "Tommy." 'Born in Staunton, Va., December 28, 1866; of Scotch-Irish parentage, he Was christened Thomas Wtood ijttw Willson and he was , known In early life as "Tommy". After ne was graduated from Princeton in 1879 he was known only as Wlood row Willson. Hla father was the Rev. Joseph Ruggles Wilson, a Presbyterian clergyman, and his niouher,was Jessie Woodrow., ".When he was two years. old the fortunes of his father took the fern lly to Augusta, Ceorgia, and later to Columbia, S. C, Where at the age of 17 Thomas Woodrow Wilson en tered Davidson : college, but loft rtaere soon to go to Princeton, Af ter, graduation at Princeton he stud ied law at the University of Virgin la and In 1882 hung out his shingle Id Atlanta, Ga. Meantime he court ed Ellen Louise Aison, the daughter of a Savannah Presbyterian clergy man. They were married In 1885 and had three daughters, Margaret! the eldest who did not marry; Jessie, who became the wife . of Francis Bowes Sayre, and Eleanor, who bo cam the wit ot Wlll!am a. Mc Adoo, sscrstsry of thn treasury dur- later u presidential aspirant. Wore Out Rug. Wilson onoo raid that as young lawyer ho wore out the rui. In tls office walking around the ' k waiting for cliouls, o he aban doned a legal career end went t joan Kspklns University at Sa!U- mora for a post graduate urc ' letters. While there ho published his first hook "Consressioual gov ernment," a study In American pon tics. It evoked of professorships at Hryn Mawr and Wesleyan and won Wilson had gained high imputation as a writer. . Some ot his works, wltn the date' ot their production, were as follows: "The State Element:' of Historical and Practical Politics." (1889); "Division and Reunion," (1833); "George Washington." (1896); "A History of the Ameri can People," (1902); "Coastltubioa i:l Government In the United States," U308); "Free Life," (19J3); "When a Man Comes To Himself," (1913); "On Being Human," (191G); "An Old Master and Other Political Essays." and "Mere Litera ture and Other Essays," WKie among his earlier writings. His state pa pers, notes to . belligerent govern ments and addresses o Congress, would fill many volumes. Took Honorary Degree. ' The honorary degree of Doctor of Laws was bestowed upon him by Wake Forest College (1887); 'm lane University (1893); John Hop kins (1902); Brown University (1903); Harvard University (1907) Williams College (1908); and Dart month College (1909). Tale made him a Doctor of Literature in 1901. Life was a pretty well settled af fair for him while he was president of Princeton. Its great oaks, shad ed lawns and historic halls, furnish ed the settings in which Mr. Wil son did much- of the literary work which later was to attract the world. He probably had little thought of being snatched into the maelstrom of politics and war. He drew some public attention in the fight for preservation of democratic ideals at the 'University, but he lived the life of a family man on small pay and as late as 1910 was contemplating' retiring on a teachers' pension. - That year the inexorable force of events caime Into evidence. The tide iwhlch "sweeps on to fortune" began to rise about him. Nominated for governor of New Jersey in a poli tical situation about which many in teresting things have been said and denied with equal fervor, he was elected on the Democratic ticket, and Immediately took on the state "boss es" for a round of combat winch attracted the attention ot the coun try. In the Jersey legislature he found the young lawyer, Joseph P. Tumulty who became his private sec retary and biographer. ' Political opponents charged Gov ernor Wilson wltji radicalism but he drove his program through. The outstnadlng , legislation ' ' was toe "seven sisters- laws" a series of bills drafted under his direction which dealt with trusts. New Joritey up to that time, because of its corpor ate laws, had been called a rendez vous for monopolies. ' Dramatic Spectacle. Governor Wilson's nomination for tho presidency at the Domiocrut lo convention of 1912 in Baltimore was one of the dramatic spectacles ot American political history. It was a battlo royal which brought him victory after more than 40 bal lots. Champ Clark, the venerable and beloved speaker of the Houso of Representatives, led Wilson in tho curl voting in fact polled m-njur- k"t -Tyi. s "V.;:::'' v. . a :'.ve.''w j"i,i v ,tf iw.i,rv . ,Trv7"w.W'VC"i.'v, 1 .H" T iv, r- ' - & Top row, left to right : 1 ernor of New Jersey. 4 At Bottom row, left to right: 5 During the war perio d. G While touring the country in defense of ' ihe League of Nations. 7 On his 65th birthday. S At President Harding's funeral ceremony in Washington. WILSON'S MOST FAMOUS WORDS i - There is no such thing as 'a man bcin too proud to fight The world must be made safe for democracy. - We must be impartial in thought as well as action. A steadfast concert for peace can never be main tained except by a partnership of democratic nations. There is no hate iour hearts for the German, people. , ; " . . ' We have always said that we were the servants and friends of makind. : . Peace must be planted on the trusted foundations of political liberty. 13 WAS WILSON'S LUCKY NUMBER He was re-elected in 1916 by California's pivotal 13 electoral votes. There are 13 letters in his name. ' He landed at Brest Dec. 13. He was inaugurated in 1913. Thirteen governors were in 1'ine. Militia from 13 states were there. Thir teen educational institutions were represented. There are 26 articles in his League of Nations cov enant twice 13. It was completed Feb. 13. The marriage of his daughter, Jessie, to Francis B. Sayre, was the thirteenth White House wedding. Hy of the delegates. For the firaf time in history a democratic na tional KJonvcntlon refused to give tho necessary two thirds to a candidate who had gotten a majority. Wril Ilam Jennings Bryan, himself tlie nominee of three previous conven tions, led the fight against Clark in One of the bitterest contests ever gave Wilson or Bryan and be op posed WUlson's policies In Congrc.-s conducted In American politics. ' It broke Clark's heart ho never'- repeatedly. Clarlc kneiw ho lost r.--' only the nomination, but the presi dency, for the contest between Tafl and BooBevolt assured such a rift li the republican vole that tlie election of a democrat was . all but Inevit able. ', ' . r The convention realized . tlila for tho man who nominated Olark ik) clared: . "Wo meet nut only lo choose a candidate but to choose a president." i Won Nomination. ; At any rate, Woodrow Wilson got the nomination and won tho olec- Hon with i 35 electoral votes. Iloose-'lie velt got 88 and Tatt got 8. He came to the White House on. March 4, to tne wnite House on. iiarcn 4, 1018, i!gnnllilng th return ot vns THE EIGHT AGES OF FORMER PRESIDENT WILSON 6 1 - m VI I - J . u As a young lawyer. 2 As the time of his inauguration democracy to power after successive defeats of 16 years. Immediately ho galvanized the country, appearing before Congress I in person, publicly denouncing "u vicious lobby" which ho charged was attempting to Ihflticnco ' in Washington and launched a legisla tive program which Inoluded repeal of the tariff, rovlslon of tho cur rency system, now styles of control of tho trusts, -4lio creation of many new government agencies, and such a multitude of other legislative busl- ins that Congress and the country hnd difficulty in keeping up with It. , Danced to His Tune. 'Congroas thought Theodore ItoorfO velt a "dictator" and'-nn "autocrat" hut It soon found itself dancing to WJoodrow Wilson's tune nnd at first It danced vory obediently iiml with very Ilttlo grumbling. Wilson early confessed that he had a "one track mind" and ho proved to Con gross early In hla 'administration that ho know what ho wanted nnd haw to got It. lie hiwl a istldnot. It was tmio, but lie consulted It after had determined what, he wanted to do. When lie wanted a bill in troduced in Congress he frequontl troaucoa in congress ne iroquonu - - ! drew It himself and It it Imitated. In v. - a young professor at Wesleyan University, o As Gov - as president. pu'WaXP ho aumitumi'il t!io li:.ni i' -and It passed rihhi i Ihtvi f i i. ' ili'uliliK with tln i-iMiii'i I n il'il lii' uwn t Ii In k i n k Bll'l ("iM'llM (. null Ii Important builnexi (if ilm v.nlium departments dlri-rt fn:o .Hid Whit" House. I , , . Il:urdly had Viliin guUvtl -hlin- self turno,! nromiil when lm, hi first foreign situation lo ilvul l,fh. ttP" t,"'t l" l"" s,1,t" v"" It was with Mexkoti.a was a Biicy",aly wol' "" " ""t from tho preceding republican nd- 'l'il "'at tlx, country drawing It-, ministration. The r.-pil)licnn. ohler-! population rn.m tlm lineji of En M" 'talnii saw IW It for Wilson ! viMi wr w""1'1 ' , " becauno thoy didn't want 10 i-m-barross hip In dialing with Jt. The democrats doclured tho tcpuhllcaits had "passed tho buck." It vmo to a crisis when Jliierla.tho Ulitaun. solzod the rclnii ot govorumont, nnd Prealdont Madero uud Vlce-rresldont j Suarez wore murdored..' ! . Had Fixed Mean. . Wilson had vory fixed ' Ideas of bis own on sucoesitlon lo tho presi dency by assauslnatlon. Ilo thought It pretty general in Central America and ho told confidantes it was going . to stop. He withhold recognition from Huorta and the situation bonen until Huerta troops attacked some American bluejackets - at Tamplco , and Wilson ordered the occupation of ! Vera Cruz by , the American army, i The official reason gjvon for the oc cupation was that tho Gorman ship i Yplranga was about to land arms and j ammunition for Huerta and-the oc cupation was to pro vent it. Tile United States demanded a salute to the flag, wihicli, critics of tho Wilson administration took delight In point ing out, never was given, , Events In Moxlco solved their own problem in u few months when Car ranza, . anothor newly-rlson loader, ejooted Huerta who fled. ' American tuoops wore withdrawn , from vent Cruz. Out Willson had had ono ex perience with Mexican affairs and lie did not recognlzo Oarranza olllier. In fn'if b-v,-n,tnAllt ill feclfO was recognized for ton yenrH-lnng utter Wilson hud gotta out of office. The Mexican problem came back In a republican administration' for soi tlemcnt. "Wiatehrul waiting", was not alone Wjllson'n. '. ' Was rnllwl Weak. Wilson was much criticized foricouri uenc.n 10 necomn a cu.ni.ii.ur, woaknoss' In hantlllng Mie" Mexican Rltnatlon, 1ml his' friends said ho naw a wonliMvnr coinln aind lunl told them he "iil.1 not prwo in in lie " Hin not pnj""o i" have tho TJnIU.,1 iHialo caught with hand tied hend Us back." llollwirtblod. Uie balance Wires "Whl1;"0' not propo,,, U. .be engaged I. a ! and flmilly turned In his favor when li" novor InSt f"h S ono did u'-i, t-ll.h Xrnvlri ill titbit tl tllllC. At nil evenw, the world war lirokii li sumo year. W'oodniw Wllnon added his appeals to tho futile effort to stay It, . sitting- by the bedside of his dying wife on a memorable , oi nn umg nn u ,.,...-......- J August 8, 18H. itil. WlUon pHod - ' l.w.iy lliiil iliiv' ill 1 1 vrlth a world i liikliig flrn aliiint lilm. h i"k lnr Imily i iicr itlrlliixxl lunii" In ft iiii.. (i.v,r,-.i. fur hurUI. Tim p.intiili'iii "'.li nlui"( pitnlruli'd with IiIh Krli-f mill n'tiirui"! nhiiio to the W'hllf Hotic to fn-co his liiirdnn. Wilson's frlcnjii nl-4i)n hiiIiI Una from I hit ""-l -''''' world n mtich-illvlili'it jn'iiiAiiH-ht mid u '.-try difficult nit urn Ion. : Ills firm word i lo liU countrymen wore a i u Hon lo niTlct niMitrallly. " Stfiml for Ni'ulnillly. Wilnon's effoitH nero (Imotiil to keeping his coiintny neutral until Hie submarine outrages bexan.- Hn was at flrat nnnblo lo bollovo that tho atrocities had tho sanction of tbo Oiirtuaa government but was con vinced when thoy sunk tho I.iulianla. That incident brought the first rlfl In his offl.'wil famllly. William Jen nings Bryan, sucrolany of niato, nn avowed paaltlHt, opposed Wilson's courso and left tho cabinet. Wilson nevertheless wont alioiui and warned th Oonnan govornmeut against m. rlflclng tho lives ot Amorlcan citi zens. Through a diplomatic corro iipondoncn which continued for two years, the president built up n rec ord which reached lis climax when he handled tiassporis to Count Johann Von nornstorff, tho German ambassador and asked congrww lo doclaro war which It did. With tni Iho president led tho nation Into tho tremendous effort before It. Moanwhllo, with a world war all about lilm, Wilson had found time for nn affair of tho heart. Ho had mot Mrs. Kdlth lloU'ng Gait, Ihe widow of a Washington moreluint. Their courtship was BWift nnd they woro married December. IS, 1015. There woro no elilldreu of this w-c- 0,1,1 n""-'IiK8' i:ii'i inn iiiii'i'voiii'ii. A presidential oloollon had Inter vnneil before the eotinlry went Into tho war and litis time Willson's re publican opponent was Charles ; Kvnns Hughea, who left tho supreme, j Iho liwiie,. of Hint campaign wern,p(lty r,vmilnr(V, ,lo ('), glory ot lllo very inimil miiiliiien, '.im mnnocraiiv nlounn win I'lio knnl. ua out of war. I Wilson's elenllon, however, wn by - " a vory narrow margin. Tho result lOnllfornla finally flopped In Iho democratic coliinin by n row volet. WillMn gol 277 votes in tlm slnriornl n, . .i n.,.,1. i gti collegu and llughns got 254. President WlhiAn actually as - sumed hi pbioo ns commander In . - - ... ohist ot th army and nvry. H qoU, llii lisitlliig pail In )i la li M 1 ii k Anii'iT- I'tt'H pui'tli'lpallnn In Ilm war. He In. :mod from Hin firm fur u imiriril fiiimumiii (in Hin western ft mi t ; fur I ... 1 1 n 1ii.m.h!w tu urb I liit null- i . iii.-irin.i imMiii'V 1 1 . lii-r.nitially I it Hi. in', I iiiimIi i r Mm w.nr loKhil.il Inn ' .lllll ,t IlKI M If.ljilt nf lilt' llllllVl i Vi M M !,' Lav, lit I'lilltlull lit lllll lltllff ini'1; Im.,11,1, iiii nar I n,l 'fiiei Imi.'iiiI. t iIiii vi .ii' l.ilmr IhiiihI unit ii iniililiiinii . i i nilinr iiviiiH iff ill" cuviii' ii.i'iil fur v r ylnit mi lint Hintiri;i I"V(im fl Hlll'lii l.i'illl! I, ( f .1 ! . HIHlll' m"iii,' mill IlilnkliU nf ii ! Im m; rlvi', ."'iri'f nf liln iii)"'i liroluilil)' WKin Him I llrl.lll'il Ii iu !.- tt.-.n V. ; nn who inn- i'ii -I.mI Uiii nil ' , I ;i Ii l''Hl'i Willi I li:un v IIiii i.i in' Hi. mi, illy Inn III" ti lln I ( i- II" .1 I ' I ' ' 1 1 1 ISltlll', .."Hit u'iii1 'li'1 Hi, ii' iit lalil il'iH'-i llii'lr iirni'iii mrm I Ii lliiiilgtit wtinllv for :ir '.i pi- . H'lllim hl ! 'ii ii'l.i di n n ii, In ili'iinuiiy m ik. t ' ! ii" n pi)- 'ii in r ( ill alillli)'. Km in il "i mil liuVit nuiil.lier A.ivi l.oir.'liii'. I II wim iiilti it irffin iil Wixnlmw vin;i li,i ,at lu tho irilili'Ul'.i iliiilr when tlm war muli'il. With lialr ! tilii'Uoil anil faci'il Unci lio nlmvi j Hin vifii'lii. IIh liml lenrnnd miii" i'fC nboiii meu utnl ln-man natum. I I In hud iornMl, h l"lil a frlniid ii:i (Hhin in, ill Imtikiiui gwat and "I1hti mwoII up." ni! lit,; pen cli wit i fr UniiiK I III n -ji hliiiK'lf miver had IraKimi-it llo wrulo niuin iaK-r mi'l ad ilioni in tho rabinnt nftnrwViril; h i In-.hii" linpniii'M " Hi nwn who liKirnwil wliii dim mid frequently , iKmulMnl tlmin. He niiarrnlml with riinniiN who In turn raproaohud lilm -villi b'Miii; uiiHtTiinful, but be always ti'Mii on his roiirno having once do- iil iiimn It, Himrovl Itlanppmviil. I'')ine In nlglll. Wilson clocliloil ti K' tn Kunupo lilni"lf and takn a ' limiil In niaklnic It. CongrSM, nn Iiiiikit ili nupplUnt hand maiden It ivn during hla first kdmJiiUiK&ttuti , rnnr"il In illvipprovul Wlllaoa on- 1 Mir:il rohgr.w that In the ilny of i ir. i" ami cabio it would know nil lio did. A a matter ot fact a tnlil rmiKrmii very 1 it t to of what 1m w:v dulng, or anybody elt for that niiiitnr, until It won dona. That wan im! Wilton's way. Tho roault wan Hut h roinnilitod tho l'nl"d Statrt "' l.onR'io of Nation and nn I ri'iiiiillali'il. IViwIilnal Wllwa' partlulpatloti In ihn iiiunioralilA-poat'S congrwii li.nl hoeu ilotcriboil hy many ix-nn, friendly and unMonoly, and hU port wiih no Indelibly wrhifn In ritcnl l""r.v liai It need, lllll. a.iontlon In n brief ronumo of Uls Ufa workK. Charmed by Oratory. Tlm iialiumnn of Europe wsr . harmed by lils oratory, his wll aud his pi-rsoualliy, uuill ihcy biiiutxid Into his Indoutnltnblo. will Ui do thing hin way when hi) was con vinced ho was right. Then the sparkx flow In the secret mootlnsi ho' hiwl with Lloyd George. Cltmonvaii and Orlando, ilo won dolorrained to have a Leagiio of Nations Covenant ho ln sepatubly .Interwoven with a treaty of pre that no nation could accept "no "Ithout accepting the other. The opposing statesmen found that only by lotting blra bvo It could tlmy got tho provisions ot peaco they wanted. The result was a treaty I a which all got something end it was. denounced by lt 6pponout as a breeder of wars rattier than a treaty ot peace, ' .'' It would require a large volume to toll all the Interesting things that happened to Woodrow Wilson wblln he was participating In making tlie treaty ot peace lo Paris In that bin Inrlc winter of 1JH-1019. It wouio require another volume to tell the engrossing tlory of diplomatic man euvers. Intrigues and dramatlo mJ menu that attondod It. I'ubllcaUon ot olllier at this time probably would result In tho creation . of Annantai clubs on both sldoa ot tho Atlantic and vnrtalnly would itot add to gopd fooling upiong peoplo wlio are look ing forward to an end of wars and an ora of pooco. ' Voinlrow Wilson himself womn not ivWi It, When, In 1020, he no. coptod Ilm Nobel psaco lrlze for be ing "tho .person who has promoted iiinmt or bent the fraternity of na tions anil tho abolishment or. dimi nution ot etnndlng armies and th formation and Incrosno of peace . eon-gri-sups," ho snld. ' ' "Tho o-'iuito of peaco and tho cnnai) of irulh are of pno fntlly. W'hatevfl'.: 1(0nn Moompl Wied In the tol Is ,,rilllw)i o lu fut i , j . I Never Ixwif. Ii'alili. ' i ' "uii uiii iivtxi ins iar i ynnrs linn mod in "Ihn glory of Mm l.ongilo of Nations hut hn Inst faith , i some ot tun inimiin lioings who !w-7 u "ovItaJilo olnmnntn. 3' closed his nyos ennf dent that , a man of ,oUfw, om, ft pr0(,nl !',n bad done his beat for humanity :,.?" ""fX?? nnt n" Wil 1,0 Bny wishsd Tl ! m whu kl tH,,