HUBBARD ENTERPRISE DAIRY FACTS UVE STOCK ESSENTIALS FOR DAIRY COWS ARE PROFITABLE PORK ROUGHAGE EATERS Certain writers on economic prob lems state that in the future farm ani- mals must more and more depend on roughage and the by-products of grain I that are not suitable for human food. They say that this necessity will arise to supply food for the rapidly increas ing numbers in the world’s population. Whether this condition ever does come or not, we do know that the grain is the expensive part of Ae cow’s ration, and the more nearly roughage can be made to supply the feed, the cheaper will milk and milk products be pro duced, writes W. H. Woodley, exten sion dairyman, college of agriculture, University of Arkansas. Grains, high in protein content, are especially ex pensive. The farmer is fortunate in that he can raise a roughage that is high in protein and supply this much needed milk producing element in hay cheaper than he can buy it in grain. There is probably no section where some kind of legume hay cannot be raised. An acre of land that will produce two tons of soy bean hay yields three times the digestible protein that the same acre will produce in corn (ears and stover) and five times more than prairie or other grass hays can be raised. It yields about the same amount of total digestible nutrients as the acre of corn, and twice the amount in prairie or grass hay. So to the cow it is both hay and grain. The milk cow with her four stom achs and her ability to consume about five times as much feed as the horse. Is essentially a roughage animal, and can only do her best work, and do it most economically when she Is sup plied with all the roughage such as mentioned above, that she will con sume.' A farmer can buy good grain in the market and the kind that be wants, but even if it was as economic to do so, he can seldom find hay of the -qual ity and kind that it is best to feed, so in self-defense he must raise It. Homemade Fly Spray Is Beneficial in Summer Most owners of small herds will pre fer to buy a prepared fly spray, but others prefer to mix their own. The following ingredients can be purchased at any good drug store and have been used successfully by the Iowa experi ment station: Coal-tar dip, 4% quarts; fish oil, 4% quarts; coal oil, 3 quarts; whale oil, 3 quarts; oil of tar, 1% quarts; laun dry soap, 3 bars. In preparing the spray, the three bars of soap should be dissolved In Warm water. Then the other ingre dients can be added separately and enough water added td bring the to tal amount up to thirty gallons. This spray, like others, is most ef fective for a few hours after using. It has a pronounced odor which aids it as a fly repellant, but it does not seem to affect the milk unless some drops in the utensils. The oil in the spray col lects dirt but most of this will wash out when the cows are out in the rain. Lack of Proper Feeding Accountable for Losses There is plenty of good authority for the statement that one-third of our dairy cows are unprofitable, one- third just about break even and the remaining third only are profitable. The situation Is accountable in two ways. First, there is lack of proper feeding. A dairy cow must have a properly balanced ration in order to do her best. Second, there are dairy cows whose breeding is such that they can never be made into profitable pro ducers, no matter how they are fed. Just a glance at some cows will tell any person that they will never be suitable for profitable dairy produc tion, but there are large numbers of the in-between kind that can only be told after they have been tested and fed properly. Gut Dairy Heifer Cost by Reducing Protein That tremendous saving in the cost of raising dairy heifers can be made by reducing the amount of protein in the ration heretofore considered the minimum amount necessary for nor mal growth, has been shown by 12 years of investigation at the Missouri College of Agriculture. Former stand ards for the minimum amount of pro tein are really 20 to 60 per cent too high, according to the tests. As pro tein is the most expensive part of the ration and is usually the part that must be purchase«! a tremendous sav ing can be made <m the $400,00(1.000 required annual!' to maintain the present cow population. Normal, healthy parents, clean far rowing pens, and proper feeding and management of the lactating sow are necessary to profitable pork production. By the time the ptgs are two or three weeks old they will show a de sire to eat something besides milk, says Edgar Martin, University of Ar kansas. This desire should be satis fied with good pasture and a suitable grain mixture, remembering that skim milk and bnttermilk «are very high in protein and are, therefore, an excel lent growing feed for the rapidly de veloping pigs. Along with a suitable quantity and quality of feed, including the mother’s amount of exercise, preferably at pas ture and in sunshine. The greatest mistakes made in raising young pigs are underfeeding and underexercising. If small pigs are furnished an abund ance of exercises at pasture, and given the proper feeds, overfeeding is not likely to occur until after weaning time. Figs being developed for breed ers should not be allowed to become too fat. This is accomplished by hand feeding and governing the allowance ¡by the ¡condition of the future breed ers, always giving an abundance of ¡exercise, pasture, shade in summer, water, protein of the right quality, and minerals. Pigs to be sold oir the market should be full-fed from birth until .weighed to the butcher, and the self-feeder is probably the best method. Hog Feeding Floor Is Beneficial to Animals Tf a hog feeding floor is located on Che south or east side of the hog house, the animals will be protected from cold winds and will also receive a maximum amount of sunlight. Where the ground is firm and well drained, the concrete for the floor may be laid directly on the soil, after it has been levelled and firmly compact ed, and all refuse has been removed. If the drainage Is poor, however, a six- inch fill of cinders or gravel is recom mended. The concrete used for feeding floors Is made with five and one-half gallons of water to the sack of Portland ce ment. In most, cases a suitable con crete can be made with 2 cubic feet of sand and three of pebbles or crushed rock to a sack of cement If this mixture is too dry, use less sand and stone, if it is sloppy or wet, add more of these materials. The concrete is placed in alternate sections, each of which is ten feet square. As soon as these sections have hardened, the intermediate ones are placed. If the floor Is sloped slightly in one direction, it will drain quickly after rain. A curb placed on three sides of the floor will prevent the< hogs from pushing their feed into the ground, where it will be wasted. Need Less Protein to Grow and Fatten Hogs N ot Confined to a Few I have found that the flame of moral judgment burns just as brightly in the man of humble and limited expe rience as in the scholar and man of affairs.—Woodrow Wilson. Another View Old Queen of the Seas The United States superdreadnought Wyoming on July 19, 1912, made 22,045 knots on her standardization trial. This was the largest and fastest bat tleship afloat at the time with twelve- inch guns. Height of Wisdom “We regard our ancestors as wise," said Hi Ho. the sage of Chinatown, “especially those ancestors who at tained riches we hope to inherit.”— Washington Star. The Verdict “Beautiful,” murmured the flapper tourist as she gazed upon the image of the sphinx. And as an afterthought she added, “but dumb.” Worth Remembering When a man offers you something for nothing, don’t accept It unless yon can afford to pay at least double its value.—Exchange. Few D o It Another good intelligence test is the ability to memorize good poetry— and never quote It.—San Francisco Chronicle. ' Poor Policy To lose our charity in defense ot our religion is to sacrifice the citadel to maintain the out-works.—Colton. Turks Bar Christianity Turkey is the only country in the world in which Christianity Is not ac cepted as a religion. Evil in Satiety 1 hold this to be the rule of life: Too much of anything is bad.—Ter ence. tts Significance The gold fringe on the American flag denotes that it is regimental colors. It takes a pretty girl of eighteen, with lots of company, to brighten np the gloom of a big old mansion. A man gets great diversion out of his reason if he has a good one. H U BREAKING SALES RECORDS' GREATEST JULY IN WILLYS-OVERLAND HISTORY' The big forward march of Willys-Overiand continues! Following the greatest six months in Willys-Overland’s : 20-year history, with sales exceeding the entire 1927 output, came July with far more sales than any pre vious July. 100% more Whippet and Willys-Knight cars were purchased than during July last year. This success is not surprising. Whippet Fours and Sixes and the three great Willys-Knight Sixes offer a degree of comfort, performance, safety and economy never previously available at such extremely low prices. Orders now accepted for prompt & delivery. ¿•cylinder p oow xxkkw ooooooooooooooo o Live Stock Notes Molasses N ot Treacle The words “molasses” and “treacle" are often used as synonoyms, but properly speaking molasses is the un crystal ized sirup produced in the mak ing of sugar, while treacle is obtained in the process of refining sugar. “1 visit my friends occasionally,” re Oxen in Farming marked the book lover, “merely for South African farmers find oxen the purpose of looking over my li profitable in farming. A two-year-old brary.” steer costs $25, and after four or five years’ work, the butcher will pay $50 for him.—Farm & Fireside. Great Religious Sects The world’s population of .Moham Alpaca and Sheep medans and Buddhists is estimated at 730,000,000. The body of the alpaca has some what the form of a sheep, but it has a long neck. It is also more active Useless Information An Industrious statistician has dis and carries its bead erect. covered that Great Britain uses an Uncle Eben average of 2,798,373,100 buttons a year. “We all bat an ear fob music,” said Uncle Eben, “an' many a man is beard Let Charity Be Wise wif attention, simply because he has It is wicked to withdraw from being useful to the needy, and cowardly to a good bass voice.”—Washington Star. give away to the worthless.—Epictetus Derivation of “ Latin” The word Latin is derived from Elephant Good Swimmer The elephant swims more easily Latinum, which was that part of an than it walks. It simply stands. up ctent Italy which Included Rome. right and treads water. Banana Prolific Plant An ordinary crop of bananas yields Epoch in History Coal wac discovered in America 250 approximately 32,000 pounds of food per acre. years ago. He that walketb with wise men h e Pity of It shall be wise; but a companion ot Lots ot T people > sure they are fools shall be destroyed.—Proverbs right who never are go ahead.—Boston 13:20. Transcript Three of the five men that drafted Idleness and pride tax with heavier the Declaration of Independence were hand than kings and parliaments.— scientists. Franklin. If one is tender-hearted, may the The man who can acknowledge a Lord give him wisdom with it. mistake without blaming it on some Unless a man possesses self-control one else has true moral courage. be is little better than a slave. In some families, if they can get The popularity of some people is it, they think they can afford it. due to the things they don’t say. He who takes no position will not Few people Impair their eyesight sway the human intellect.—Shedd. looking on the bright side of things. Logic proves or disproves all things Study your own seif.—St. Bernard. but it doesn’t accomplish any of them. Less feed, and especially' less pro tein,' is needed to grow and fatter, hogs when good pasture is provided. But. experiments show that to make the cheapest gains, unless corn is high, the hogs should have plenty of feed and some supplement such as skim milk or tankage along with even the best of pastures. Estimates of thp amount of pork an acre of forage will produce range between 240 and 600 pounds depending on the amount and method of feeding. All of them show that there is very little gain while on pasture un less they get some grain with it. It is usually more economical to give n daily feed of three pounds "of grain and supplements combined for each 100 pounds of live weight. A quarter of a pound of tankage or its equivalent in milk products to a hog each day when they aye getting plenty of grain on pasture will make fast and cheap gains and save grain. l Page 7 % 6 -0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0 -0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o It Is very important to keep feed for little pigs fresh and clean to pre vent scours. * * * It may sometimes be hetter to fat ten thin Stockers up to the butcher class than selected feeders up to prime beef. • • * It costs more per pound to fatten a steer than the extra flesh will sell for. Consequently the selling price for the whole carcass must be enough greater per pound to pay the loss on the added flesh and make a profit. SEDAN f tring $455; Roadster {2-pass.) $435; Roadster (w ith ru ibi, ssai) $525; Coupe $535; Cabrislet Ceupt {with M m hls top) $595; Coach $535. A ll prices f.o.b. Come in. Let us arrange for an early demonstration so that you may judge for yourself the per formance ability of any of these > •At* modernly engineered cars. ILLYS-OVERLAND, Inc. TOLEDO, OHIO Bam