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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 9, 1963)
MONDAY, DECEMBER 9, 1383 MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFORD, OREGON 3 The Revolution of 1963-Part I 10 A Hi mm '';.' 'err; ight To Use Public Accommodations One of Negro Issues (EDITOR'S NOTE: The so cial revolution louched virtu ally every section of the na tion in l'JKI. Negroes demon strated by the thousands, and this upheaval, accompanied by bloodshed and death, was only the beginning, Negro leaders said. What was ac complished'.' What lies ahead? On the basis of reports, inter views and assessments from all 50 states, a DPI team or Al Kueltner, Nicholas C. Chriss and II. L. Stevenson has pre pared five dispatches on the 'fill revolution. The following dispatch, the first, deals with the issue of public accommo dations.) By AL KUETTNER United Press International In Birgminham, Ala., one morning last May, a 23-year-old Negro awakened her teen-age sister. They had breakfast, got their toothbrushes and headed for the 16th St. Baptist Church. The meal was a hearty one because they realized it might be their last for a while. They took toothbrushes because they had a good idea they would be in the city jail mat nigni. Before the day was over, the two girls, along with hundreds of fellow sympathizers in a bold canmaien to break down the seercfiation barriers in the Ala bama steel center, faced police men and marched into waiting patrol wagons. They were part of an army of Negroes who made 10K) the year of upheaval in the nation's racial struggle. With variations the scene was repeated across the Southland and into the North, East and West. One of the main targets: The right to the use of restaurants, lunch counters, motels, hotels, recreation facilities and every 11 Pay Extreme Price In Civil Rights Fight By United Press International Eleven persons have died in civil rights related incidents during l!i3. Nine of the victims were Negro. The list: April 23 William L. Moore, 35, a white postman from Balti more, shot near Gadsden, Ala., while staging a "freedom march" to Mississippi. June 6 Fred Link, a white automobile mechanic, slain by 22-caliber rifle bullet fired into a crowd of whiles at Lexington, N.C., during a race riot. Juno 12 Mcdgar W. Evers, Mississippi field secretary for the NAACP, shot by a sniper as he returned home from an integration meeting. Aug. 10 Serina Taylor, a 14-year-old Negro girl, killed by a wild shotgun blast fired by a white man in Jersey City, N.J. Sept. 4 Negro John D. Colcy, 20, killed by a stray rifle bullet during the rioting that broke out following a bombing in Birm ingham. Sept. 15 Four Negro girls killed during Sunday School classes when a bomb exploded and shattered the 16th Street Baptist Church in Birmingham. They were Dcnice McNair, 11, Cynthia Wesley, Atldie Mae Collins and Carol Robertson, all 14. Two Negro teen-agers, James Robinson and Virtnl Ware, shot to death the same day in Birmingham in unrelated incidents and in widely separated points. the 1W.. owe and enjoy f CANDIES J nr.r - f 1 lb. box 1.60 2 1b. box 3.15 3 lb. box 4.50 S lb. box 7.50 Here's a variety to pleat all fastei , creaim, froili, nuts, criio and chwv cenlera M.nl for family gifts. Central Drug Main & Central Phone 772-9431 Open Nights Until 9 Your Convenient Proscription Pharmacy The Mail Tribune Reminds You to Shop Early ...Mail Early USE IP code TO SPEED YOUR CHRISTMAS MAIL other public accommodation , that is open to any other per son in the nation. Other targets: All brakes off on public school integration, vot er registration, jod opportunities and housing. What He Wants What does the Negro want? One of them answered this way: "You ask me what I want. I ask you what you want. That's what I want. Nothing more. Not ing less." A massive study by United Press International of the ac tion, the demands and gains of the 1063 integration turmoil shows small but significant ad vances. But the cost has been terrific: II deaths, scores of in juries, heavy properly damage, church bombings, riots, vandal ism and thousands of arrests. According to Justice Depart ment figures, a total of 1,814 civil rights demonstrations hit the nation between May 20 and late October. They occurred in 40 states and the District of Co lumbia. Of the total, 1,159 were directed at least in part against the denial of service to Negroes in restaurants, hotels, theaters and other public places. Pace Slackens The demonstrations that struck the nation like exploding gren ades from last spring through mid-autumn went into a lull last month. A Justice Department official said this lull is due in part to the realization by Negro lead ers that protest marches had created resentment among whites and did not eliminate the basic problem. The assassi nation of President Kennedy further slowed the effort. Ally. Gen. Robert F. Kennedy has warned that the lull may be only temporary unless Con gress adopts a civil rights law dealing with discrimination in public facilities. No action is likely in that quarter this year. "Our leaders have aroused the nation to the need," said the Itcv. M. A. Givens, a Ne gro minister in Boise, Idaho. "But at the same time they have caused ill feelings. There needs to be a cooling-off pe riod." Opinions Split Is the Negro moving too fast in his demands for wide open facilities'? "Yes," says a white telephone installer in Chicago. "There wasn't a nationality here that wasn't discriminated against at one time or another. But they didn't go around with posters and lay in front of bulldozers." That reaction was echoed by 42 other white persons in the non-South and 29 in Dixie inter viewed in a sampling of public opinion. But 43 non-South white persons and 21 from the South felt the Negro is not moving too fast. "I admire them for what they are trying to do," said William Price, a 39-year-old Charleston, W.Va., calculator serviceman. Even in Hawaii, where the lo cal NAACP branch concentrates on troubles in the mainland Strikes Idle 160,000 Workers in October WASHINGTON (UPI) - Ap proximately 160,000 workers were idled in October because of strikes, according to the La bor Department. The department's Bureau of Labor Statistics said Sunday that 290 strikes putting 95,000 persons out of work began in October. Another 210 strikes that carried over from Septem ber accounted for ther est. arc almost non-existent), prog ress of the integration drive is closely followed. As for the nation's newest state, one Negro explained: "I can walk into the Royal Hawaiian Hotel and get the same kind of service as other people. Me fight for integration? In Hawaii? We've got it made here." Makes It Illegal The currently debated civil rights bill would make it illegal to discriminate in a public place affected by interstate com merce. But 30 states have had public accommodations laws for years without ending discrimi nation. Yet,' progress in breaking the "lunch counter curtain" has been a significant gain, as hap pily pronounced by Isaiah (Skip) Gantt, the only Negro at the McCauley (parochial) School in Joplin, Mo. "Things could be worse," Gantt said. "It used to be a Negro couldn't go any place. But in Joplin, I'm free as a bird." Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., who initiated public demonstra tions during the Montgomery, Ala., bus boycott and has been involved in scores of others since then, has totalled up more than 300 eating places that have agreed to admit Negroes during the current wave of demonstra tions, In Birmingham, Ala., where King led demonstrations that became enmeshed in riots, bombings and death, there has been a small start toward res taurant desegregation. Aside from a tear gas incident in a department store that had opened its tea room to Negroes, the transition has been without incident. Only in Mississippi has there been no breakthrough in inte grating public places. The biggest drive to open public services to Negroes has been in the South where, until a few years ago, a visiting Ne gro almost needed a guide vto find a place that would serve him. But the discrimination has been far from limited to Dixie. It happened in Anchorage, Alaska, where a food store was picketed because it refused to hire Negroes ... in Phoenix, Ariz., where a Mexican restau rant became a minor sensation over sit-in demonstrations . . . in Wilmington, Del.; where a Negro boy emerged in tears from a drug store that served his white companions ice cream but turned him down and I nu nnnirn nfiiniDCC in Spokane, Wash., where a flA BKUftCIl ULN IUIU.O barber refused to trim the hair thommm PLATt-WtLU ot a Nigerian student at a Jesuit university. Next: The political aspects of civil rights. Amizui PLATE-WELO w.ir. BUM., fill, eneb nd repUce. teeth. imp' Sow on-potlBher. Amtnb .tllmt mir 'TLATEWLLD IJ to work ever time ujd hoW new or your money beck. Only1.5 All Lcadlns Uruest'ts. 1963 CORVATR MONZA Radio, Heater, 4-Speed Trans, Bucket Seats $2199 PAUL LEA MOTORS 12TH AND RIVERSIDE SAVE 50 OR MORE! ECON-O-CLEAN Professional Dry Cleaning With Coin Operative Economy! ' MINIMUM 38 i lb. 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