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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (April 21, 1963)
Carnival Air Surrounds Coming General Elections in Italy -WILLIAM F. SUNDERLAND United Press International Rome ruPD Romans and some 32 million of their coun trymen decide next week in general elections whether the government of this Catholic country keeps veering left or moves back to center and per rtarjs hpvnnri t carnival air surrounds selections in these parts, and Shis has been so since the days "-if the orations of Cicern 2.0011 j cars ago. i' tin! (ha 1 1 l- .. ggii&mj t-unipncfiicn electoral has mnrp BnHnn cnli-li iA wim linn uui in ureaicr num- . other Western democracy, in- has averaged 93 per cent of 'eligible voters since World War II. , -. Who are they voting for? 'Range of Parties 2 Parties range from the ex--treme right Neo-Fascists. ape--jng the ideals of the late dic tator Benito Mussolini who brought this nation to war time ruin, through various centrist parties including the Catholic Christian Democrats, .lo the disciplined Moscow Jine Communists who once nearly pulled this country be .hind the Iron Curtain. Martial music mingles in the streets with the raucous gsouna oi voices ampiiiiea oy loudspeakers, adding to the cacopnuny ui name in uic n-liii i ,. .u. from both channels of a state "owned radio and television. " Tl-,n 1 (mil . oar . nlrl ,unn. rinrc nf Rnnip are all hilt hid- .den by huge temporary bill boards urging citizens to . "Vote Communist," "Vote Christian Democratic," "Vote Liberal," Vote . . . Vote . . . Vote . . . Eligible To Vote ' .. On April 28 and 29 some .34,292.662 men and women 21 years or older are eligible to go to 60.472 polling stations It...... ti, ,..,..1,-,. In ,..,.( ballots for the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. Their makeup determines the color of the next government. It will be Italy's fifth gen eral election since 1946 and the first in five years. - Main issue is the "center ,left" experiment of Chris tian Democratic Premier Am aintore FanFani, the diminu- teacher known as "The Little Professor," Most of this na tion's post - war governments have been either entirely Christian Democratic or based on right-wing support. ! But a year ago Fan Fani i formed a Christian Democrat ; ic government coalition with ! left- of - center Social Demo- crats and Republicans and j with the Parliamentary sup i port of Pietro Nenni's extreme left Socialists often bedfel- lows of the Communists. The immediate price that : Fanfani had to pay for Nen i ni's support was nationaliza I tion of electrical power. And I many right - wing Italians claim that Italy will pay and i pay in further concessions as I long as the left is vital to the government coalition. I Eight Major Parties ! Eight major parties are con ; tending the elections and ' some of those are made up , of parties within parties. Largest is the Christian j Democratic party, Italy's main i bulwark against Communism. I Since the Christian Democrats beat the Communists at the polls in the crucial 1948 elec tions, they have been run ning the government, cither I alone or at the head of co ! aiitions. These coalitions were ! right wing until the "center I left" scheme emerged a year ago. Foreign policy is strong I ly pro-American, pro-Atlantic 1 Alliance, vigilantly anti-Com-' munist. Fanfani. whose government ! ends automatically with the ' elections, is nominal leader of 1 the party. But the party, pow- er behind him is quiet, 46 ' year-old party secretary Aldo Moro. whose most noticeable mark in the public eye is the steak of solid gray that runs through his otherwise dark hair. It was Moro who looked at the signs and gave Fanfani the go-ahead to form his "center-left" government last year. Second In Size Second in size and voting power are the Communists, the largest Red party in the Western world. They still claim a membership of about 1,700,000 despite the loss of 300,000 card - holders after the 1956 Hungarian revolt. Since 1046 the Communists have not been in any govern ment but have formed the main opposition. Leader is gray-haired Pal miro Togliatti, shrewd war horse of Italian politics. Now, 70, he has changed from a fire - breathing revolutionary to a soft - spoken leader who & 1 !-. f ! XI ReV. MRNk i i i i ifi m i New! Sensational I CHANNEL MASTER Transistorized RADIO-PHONO COMBO Plays your records even while you walk! even works upside down has a terrific 6-transistor radio with Great "Dull-in Dower" jtarW Ballroom-Size Tone greater than a I4-trans istor raaio stores twelve 45 RPM records It s the teen rage-ot Europe now here In America for the, first time. Come see ind hear tilt SWING-ALONG today. S .3 seems bent on givmg ih: par ty a bourgeois image. The Communists prepared for this election by carrying out a purge, or what they call a "rejuvenation." of the party to try to make it more attractive in the public eye. Lefiwing Socialists Nenni's leftwing Socialists rank third in party ratings in Italy. They were closely allied with the Communists after the war in a "unity of action" pact and ran with them on a people's front" ticket in the 1948 elections. Bui following the Hungari an re'o!t the Socialists began to ease away from the Com munists, although at present at least 40 per cent of the rank and file still are con sidered pro-Communist. Nenni, a bald, hooked-nosed man of 72, has a half century of opposition work behind him - first to the Fascists and then to the Christian Demo crats. His agreement to give Parliamentary support to the Fanfani government was a complete change in policy, and automatically made him a key political figure in Italy. Other major political par ties and their leaders include: A Conservative Group Monarchists A conserva tive group with most of its support in the south where the long - gone monarchy was once strongest. It has split and merged several times and has lost ground regularly. Its only clear goal is opposition to the center left. The two leaders are Alfredo Coveilli and Achiile Lauro. Neo-Fascists The extreme rightwing party which goes under the name of Italian Social Movement (MSI) since Fascism was outlawed in It aly after the war, led by Ar turo Michelini, its main pur pose seems to be to furnish opposition to just about every other party. Social Democrats the moderate, pro-Western Social ists, under the leadership of Gi Seppe Saragat, who broke away from the Nenni Social ists in 1947 in protest against Nenni's tics with the Commu nists. They have been part ners in past middle - road government coalitions and the current cent - left cabinet, Saragat. the 64-year-old party leader is an unpredictable man of whims and has little taste for compromise. Moderate Rightwing Party Liberals A moderate rightwing party which claims that Fanfanms policies are the "antechamber of Commu nism." Led by Giovanni Mal agodi, they are pro-Western and advocate free enterprise. Their main support comes from industrial leaders, al though they are trying to build strength in the middle classes. Republicans Led by Or onzo Reale, they are the small est national party represent ed in parliament. They are determined supporters of the center -left and Budget Min ister Ugo La Malta is a Re publican, Because of the center - left, this election has been called Italy's most important vote since the crucial showdown at the polls between the Christian Democrats and the Communists in 1948. If the voters give their approval to the "opening to the left" it could chart a new era in Italian politics. Predict With Reservations Political observers are cau tious but predict, with reser vations: The Christian Democrats will lose, if not in representa tion in the Chamber of Dep uties and the Senate, at least in percentage of the vote. The Communists also probably will lose, but by a fraction of a per cent. Almost certain to record largest, gains are the Liber als. More and more the mid dle - class who up to now voted Christian Democratic will turn towards that small party These voters do not approve of the "opening to the left" and the Liberals are the party that has opened its doors to them. The Social Democrats probably will record a gain, although not so much as the Liberals. So will the Nenni ! Socialists. The other parties will remain about the same. with a possible small loss The percentage gain by any party probably will be at the expense of the Christian Democrats. For the Chamber of Depu- ( to its popular vote is used. In Italy, ttwre is not voting Mas for a seven-vear term ties, the proportional repre- j The Senate is elected under for government leaders. The after consultation with lead sentation system which gives i a mixed majority - proportion-1 president of the nation cur- ers of all parties calls on each party a number of seats j al system which gives a slight ; rcntly Antonio Segni who was somebody to form the govern almost exactly in proportion j bonus to larger groups. j elected by Parliament last merit. It the man chosen under takes the tasK then It is up to Parliament to give vote of confidence or nip thai new government In the bud. Ideal for teenage gifts ... for birthdays and graduation. Lay-away a "Swing-Arong" Now! In the record department at PURUCKER MUSIC HOUSE HI No. Central Phone 773-7538 Applicants for Two i Posts Interviewed Central Point - School Dis- trict 6 board of directors last : week interviewed applicants i for the positions of curricu j lum director and dean of boys. 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