UNI
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An Independent Newspaper
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March 3. 1897
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NATION A I EDITORIAL
Flight o' Time
Medford and Jackson County
History from Ihe files of The
Mail Tribune JO. 20, 30, 40
and SO years ago.
10 YEARS AGO
March 5, 1953 (Tuesday)
Southern Oregon's 1953
water supply outlook remains
"good" to "excellent" ' In
spile of spring weather in
recent weeks.
Burglars break inlo the
Doctors' clinic, 1032 West
Main st and take an undeter
mined amount of morphine
and opium.
20 YEARS AGO
March S, 1943 (Sunday)
Two Jackson county men
start three-year prison sen
tences for. failure to report at
public service camp after be
ing registered as conscien
tious objectors.
From Arthur Perry's "Ye
Smudge Pot" column: "Lambs
are cavorting on rural mead
ows. All have been warned
not to follow Mary to school
and beware of wolves wear
ing their father's clothing."
30 YEARS AGO
March 5, 1(33 (Tuesday)
Drug runner kidnaps cus
toms officer and leaves him
tied to tree In Slsklyous aft
er wild ride from Canada.
Medford High school safe
broken open; $5 reported
stolen.
40 YEARS AGO
March 5, 1923 (Wodnetday)
Only one case of inloxica
tlon brought before Medford
police court during Fcbru
ary.
Defense open In Ku Klux
Klan "nightriding" case be
ing held in circuit court in
Jacksonville.
SO YEARS AGO
March S, 1913 (Thursday)
Five local residents turn
down appointments as dep
uty sheriffs because civil
service Jobs pay more money
Owners change name of
Hertford's Ugo theater to "It"
theater.
What's Your I.Q.?
Nine or ran correct Is superior;
seven or eight is asccllcntl five or
us is good.
1. Diamond Head rises
above which U.S. stale capt
tal? 2. A type of dog, under
wear and a rebellion share
what common name?
3. Which opera by Gounod
lias the Initials R and J?
4. In which U.S. historical
docum.'nl Is It said, "we mu
tually pledge our lives, our
fortunes and our sacred hon
or?"
5. Which Colorado city Is
Spanish for a village?
6. Give the tolul of the
years in Lincoln's's Gettys
burg Address, a spider's legs
and the product of the num
bers for buckling a shoe
7. In 11)28 the "Great Engi
neer" defeated the "Happy
Warrior;" who were they?
8. Whal do the letters, A.
B. AB. and O Identify?
D. Why would It have been
difficult for Peter Stuyvcsant
to compete In running race.
10. In his famous oration,
what did Mark Antony ask
to borrow?
Answers! 1, Honolulu. 2.
Boxer. 3. Romeo and Juliet.
4. Declaration ol Independ
ence. S. Pueblo. 6. Ninety
seven. 7. Herbert Hoover and
Al Smith. I. Blood types. 9.
He had a wooden leg. 10.
". . , lend me your oars."
TUESDAY. MARCH 5. 1963
Outflow of British Brains
' As a lot of old salts
learned, Admiral Hyman G. Rickover can be a
dangerous weapon. In this instance he is being
used, unwittingly, to defend the British govern
ment of Prime Minister Harold Macmillan.
Viscount Hailsham.
ranking member of the Macmillan cabinet, is
accusing U.S. industry, education, and govern
ment of systematically "buying" away British
scientists. And the real villain, according to Lord
Hailsham, is the American secondaiy school
system.
To support this argument he cites Admiral
Rickover, who has been particularly critical of
high schools in the United States. Rickover
"that little ball of vinegar and cold fire" has
revealed, by thij logic, the basic reason for Amer
ica's urgent search for scientists.
The defects of their own educational system
force the Americans to "live parasitically on
other people's brains."
THE DRAIN on British brainpower has been
uroll rlr.rnmnntorl Tn a ctllrhr HrrVlthr nllr"llifi VPr
in this country, the Royal Society, foremost scien
tific organization in Britain, shows that emigra
tion to the United States. Canada, and other
countries now claims about 17 per cent of all the
people awarded the Doctor of Philosophy degree
each year as against 8 per cent in 1952.
Tne United States took 3.5 per cent of these
in 1952; now takes 5.6 per cent. In all, during
the 10-year period, Britain lost 518 PhDs to the
United States, 242 to Canada, 245 to other Com
monwealth countries, and 131 to other nations
for a total of 1,136.
The report stated : "The survey showed clear
ly that the emigration of scientists created some
serious gaps in the scientific effort of this coun
try. Instances were noted of scientists leaving
university and research institutions after estab
lishing thriving research groups."
"THE STUDY did not attempt to assess immigra-
tion to Britain of foreign scientists. However,
the U.K. census of two years ago showed that
foreign scientists and engineers made up about
9 per cent of the scientific labor force. Tne ratio
in this country, according to the National Science
Foundation, is 10 per cent.
Harold Wilson, newly
British Labor party, turns Lord Hailsham's argu
ment around. He charges that private industry in
Britain is spending three times as much on adver
tising as on research. If the ratio were revised,
he says, scientists would not have to work "on a
shoestring ana would remain m Britain.
v- - -.
THE ECONOMIST"
calm, long-range view of the whole business.
. . "In a bigger country where total spending on
science is much greater, like the United States,"
it observes, "there are bound to be more people
working in each specialized branch of science . . .
mi 1 1 t 1 . 1 1 . Til. TV 1
mis win aiso appeal to me young riijj wuuuei
ing where he can best do the work he prefers.
But he will also be liuluenced by the tar wider
choice of academic posts
where there is a tremendous range ot academic
and research jobs to compete for and the
chance of more rapid promotion that therefore
exists."
"The Economist" avoids the Rickover weapon,
inclining in this instance to the philosophical
rather than the political. Science is international,
it remains: "Britain must gain with the rest of
the world" from the freedom of scientists to work
effectively in the best conditions they can find."
E.R.R.
Merit
Some (500,000 hopeful high school juniors
will take three-hour tests today, that may deter
mine whether they can afford to go to college.
The ninth annual competition for National Merit
scholarships is intense. Only 11,000 of the 600,
000 can expect to win semifinalist status: the
next-highest-scoring group of about 25,000 will
be named "Commended Students."
Of the semifinalists, about 1,000 will receive
scholarships awarded by the National Merit
Scholarship Corporation or by various corporate
business sponsors. But about half of the semi
finalist or -commended students will receive fi
nancial assistance from sources other than the
Merit Program. The roster of these students has
been termed "a national register of talent."
THE STIPENDS of Merit Scholars range from
1 $100 to $1,500 a year, according to financial
need, for four years at an accredited college of
the student's choice. There are now 3,1598 Merit
Scholars enrolled in 403 colleges and universities.
A total of 2,018 Merit Scholars have been
graduated from the classes that entered college
in the years 11)5(5-5!). More than two-thirds of
them won academic honors. About two out of
every three graduates in each class reported that
they were planning to enter graduate or profes
sional study. ,
Impressive as the record of the National Merit
Scholarship Corporation program has been, it is
obvious that it can fill only a small part of the
total need for assistance to worthy students. Sonic
3.(5 million students are enrolled in institutions
of higher learning today and more than (5 million
are expected to be jamming the colleges by the
autumn of 1970.E'.R.R. .
in the Pentagon have
minister of science and a
elected leader or the
of London has taken a
available ... in America
Scholars
MEDFORD
inJ n n fl-
My opinion on world affairs?
said, all I know is what I hear
... Communications ...
Letters to the Editor mutt bear the nam and address of tha writer, although under
certain circumstances the us of a pen nam or initial for publication is permissible.
The Mail Tribune reserves the right to edit all letters with a view to clarification and
condensation. Letters submitted for publication mutt not exceed 400 words. The letters
printed in this column do not necessarily repretent the views of the paper; in fact the
contrary is often the case.
Girls and Women
To Ihe Editor: I Just want
to ask the lady or man who
said o 1 d women shouldn't
work, well why not? We have
to live just the same as young
women and all of us aren't so
lucky to have husbands who
can work for us. I for one
have to make it alone, and
they don't pay us Social Se
curity till we're so old we
can't ' walk and just why
should we old women have
work, as the party calls us.
Just wonder if she or he has
an old mother or grand
mother. Oh, I know a lot of women
who work that should be
home. But the price every
thing is today, both have to
work. I don't work to buy a
new car or new rug, I work
to live. I have grandchildren
who sometime will need
work, and I'll feel sorry for
them too, when they can't get
work. There's office work
young girls can do if they
have finished school, and we
old women, we're called, can't
do.it. If they would pay our
Social Security at 50 years we
could stay home, but till we
get old enough we still have
to live some way.
I guess the person who
wrote that thinks they should
take all the old women out
and shoot them like old
horses. Well, things aren't
done that way yet, so we are
going to have to be a pest to
the young girls. It's just as
hard for us to get work, 1
know, for I had the same
thing happen, they would ask
my age and then look at me
like I was some freak, and
now I have to work since my
husband's death. I won't be a
burden to our family as long
as I can go. The girls could
sew or Iron for people. I do
all I can get and I get by. If
there's enough will power and
faith we can do anything.
Mrs. Emma Castleman,
326 North Bartlctt St.,
Medford.
Freedom of Conscience
To the Editor: Those who
are urging the passage of a
law allegedly designed to
"save the family" are cither
ignoring the real purpose of
this legislation or are will
fully attempting to deceive
the people as to Us real pur
pose, which is to save Sunday
as. a religious holiday. The
"saving" of any religious holi
day by the State is a concept
that is 100 per cent un
American. Those who accuse the op
ponents of this bill as follow,
lug the Communist line, be
cause the "Communists want
everything open on Sundays,"
are unwittingly admitting the
religious implications of the
bill, because they Imply thai
Godless, atheistic Commu
nism wishes to see Sunday, a
religious day, desecrated. It
would follow that such indi
viduals would call every dis
senter to this un-American
legislation a follower of ihe
Communist line, whether he
be Jew, Seventh-day Advcn
tist, Seventh-day Baptist or
(just a believer in freedom of
conscience.
I am 100 per cent for mak
ing our nation strong through
the strengthening of the fam
ily. But our nation did not
become strong through the
Stale's imposing laws which
arc ostensibly to save the
family but in reality are to
save a religious day. This leg
islation proposes a law which
would Impose fines and jail
sentences on those who dis-
ohey it and label as criminals
Americans who, our consti-
tution says, have the right to
j life, liberty and the pursuit
: of happiness.
! The family cannot be Icgis
! lated into salvation. Religious
bodies have the rrsponsibil
I jly of "saving the family"
; and not the Slate. If religious
bodies prevail upon their
members to refrain from buy
ing on Sundays or from per
forming in other ways which
MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFORD,
ft
As Will Rogers might have
on TV panel discussion shows!"
would tend to destroy the
sacredness of the family or
a day, they are within "heir
rights to try to do so. But the
State has no right to do the
job of the Church.
It Is frightening to think
that we are being asked to
surrender our American herit
age of freedom of conscience
to fight Communism or any
other "ism." Our nation is
strongest when it is free, not
when our liberties have been
taken from us. When Com
munism is dead and buried,
we shall still be strong, if
we ourselves are not slaves.
L. Charles Pierce,
391 Liberty St.,
Ashland, Ore.'
Wash ihe Smoke
To the Editor: With so much
agitation going the rounds of
saw-mill smoke, fouled air
and its objectionable fall-out,
it might be well to study one
sure cure for it. This will be
found to stop the fall-out at
least, in the car everyone is
driving. To keep piston and
cylinder clean and long last
ing, the intake air is sucked
through an oil bath that -e-tains
every solid particle of
foreign matter.
Some 20 years ago, Martha
of NW central Washington,
daughter of sawmiller Dan
Gamble, deceased, was and
still is possessed of original
ideas quite equal to her Pa.
So, at the time referred to,
her 60,000 cut mill had
whittled all the fir and pine
on "The Hill" lo flats and
squares, she, Martha proposed
moving back lo the gulch near
Brewster, where German
born stone-mason Chris Starz
man with me helping, nigh
a life-time ago, rocked up '.he
twin Scotch tube marine boil
ers that Dan had salvaged
from the old sicrn-wheeler
Ellcnsburg wrecked on a Co
lumbia river bar. The very
first lick of work for the
Gamble Lumber Co.
But Martha's school-mates,
then all grown up, objected
to the smoke and dirt of
the saw-mill even though it
did stand for a much needed
pay-roll. So Martha says, sez
she: "I'll wash the so-and-so
smoke." And wash it she did,
through a big fat round steel
tank of water that held back
all foreign materials, poured
into the mill-pond.
Sure was quite a sight, to
see the white puffs of steam
from the Big Corliss engine
and much bigger ones from
the shot-gun feed, no smoke
stack and no smoke, no holler,
from happy people al that
old-time stern-wheeler head of
navigation on the ever whis
pering Columbia.
F. J. Clifford.
Route 2, Box 200K,
Central Point, Ore.
"Jehovah, Jve or Lord"
To the Editor: The writer
is not a regular contributor lo
M-T "Communicalions" per
haps because my beloved fa
ther, who was cily editor of
the San Francisco Chronicle
in the 1880s, once told me
that these epistles to the Edi
tor, In priasc or protest of
something or oilier, were re
garded by orthodox news
papermen as "crank letters."
However. I feel constrained,
as a citizen and veteran, to
comment adversely upon a
letter appearing in the M-T
of Feb. 26. bearing the signa
ture of William Thomas
Cuddy, a fellow-member of
the White City domiciliary,
which castigated the Presi
dent of our country for fail
ure to write or utter the
"Sacred Name of Jesus'" in
their official proclamations.
messages, news conferences
and speeches.
I am intimately acquainted
with Mr. Cuddy, esteem the
gentleman highly, and have
profound respect for his abil
ity, integrity and intelli
gence. But in writing the let
ter in question. 1 verily be
lieve that "furor scribcndi"
obfuscated reason, causing
OREGON
Uruguay,
Increasing
By PHIL NEWSOM
UPI Foreign News Analyst
Montevideo basks in the sun
along -the Rio de la Plata,
capital of a nation boasting
more than su
years of in
ternal ' peace,
a land with
out personal
Income tax,
fortunate that
she has es
caped the
woes of her
two big neigh-
iSslj
bors Argen
tina and Brazil.
But, as many another na
tion, Uruguay is having in
creasing economic difficul
ties. And, as of March 1 a new
government took office,
mounting labor unrest was
expressing itself in a strike
Mr. Cuddy to act from the
necessity of moving his pen
rather than his brain!
We should bear in mind
that the President is elected
by the qualified voters of all
of our States. We are not an
atheistic nation, neither are
we an exclusively Christian
nation. Millions of our citi
zens are of the Jewish faith.
The census of 1960 reveals
that there are more than
500,000 Mohammedans in the
U.S. and that 100,000 voting
Hawaiians are Buddhists. Fur
thermore, a very numerous
Protestant sect the Unitari
ians reject the doctrine of
Christ's divinity.
For the foregoing reasons,
our Presidents have wisely
avoided mentioning the name
of Jesus and t r i n i t a r i an
Christians, Catholics and Pro
testants alike, should not re
sent this omission because the
term "God," which appears in
so many Presidential utter
ances and writings, embraces
the triune Godhead of Father,
Son and Hold Spirit.
Abraham Lincoln invoked
the help of Almighty God
more frequently, and doubt
less spent more time on his
knees in prayer, than any
other Chief Executive; yet he
was a member of no church,
Washington Report
By William
(c) United Feature Syndicate
DRAWING TO CLOSE
Washington-The long era
of Republican good feeling
toward the Kennedy admin
istration is drawing to its
close. There is a gathering
twilight for bipartisan cooper
ation in all
its forms be
tween the
president and
h i s Republi
can opposition
in and out of
congress. The
two years of
his term re
maining be-
r . ,na.l
White lore uie ioui
elections will be so vastly dif
ferent from the two years
that have gone that a late
arriving observer might sup
pose the whole political world
had been turned upside down.
In a word, an old-fashioned
partisan storm is about to
break in all fury. Life will
be rugged from now on for
all the participants in the
great game of politics. And it
will be disturbing even for
those detached spectators who
would like to cling to the In
tellectually sound but human
ly inoperable notion that par
tisan politics ought to take a
most muted tone in the kind
of external world in which
we life.
IiHAT the partisan payoff is
- near at hand is illustrated
all over the current Washing
ton scene. Republican attacks
on Kennedy legislative pro
posals used to be mainly in
the field of welfare legisla
tion. Now the GOP is reach
ing for the administration's
vitals all across the board, and
most notably on both tax and
budget policy.
A drive to cut as much as
$10 billion from administra
tion spending authority has
just been opened by house
Republicans. At the same
time, th -y arc developing a
wide assault on every detail
of the Kennedy budget, a job
in which they have the able
assistance of the last Eisen
hower budget director, Mau
rice Stans.
...
ON" FOREIGN policy. Repub
lican criticism used to be
both scattered and tentative
Now it is coming from all
across the face of the party
on Cuba, on nuclear disarma
ment, on western allied rela
tions, on the whole complex
of questions involved in the
cold war. At least two GOP
aspirants for the 1964 presl-
Like Other
Economic
of 12,000 power and tele
phone workers.
The strike hit in the midst
of the gay pre - Lenten cele
brations and blacked out the
city. Telephones went out of
service and troops were called
in.
Other unions declared their
solidarity with the strikers
Matter of Fact
(cl New York Hfrald
THE PSYCHOLOGICAL
DETERRENT
Rome After making his
first presentation to the
NATO Council, Special Am-
bassador Liv
ingston Mer
chant has
come to Rome
to explain (or
perhaps one
should say
peddle) the
m u I tilateral
nuclear d e -terent.
Even
Aimp before the dis
cussions have begun, it is
possible to predict the local
outcome of the Merchant mis
sion with considerable confi
dence. The President's Spec
ial Ambassador will get a
warm welcome, a reaffirma
tion of the approval "in prin
ciple" of the multilateral
force that Prime Minister
Fanfani gave the President
in Washington - but no final
commitment.
There are at least three
reasons why the present Ital
ian government is unlikely
to make a final commitment
to Merchant. The first is the
oncoming national ' election.
No one in authority wants
the practical problems raised
by the multilaterial deterrent
scheme to become electoral is
sues. The second reason is the
main practical . problem in-
because he abhorred pomp
and "external forms," believ
ing that "Love Thy Neigh
bor" was the sum and essence
of true religion.
In closing, permit me to
quote a famous quatrain,
penned in the 18th century
by Alexander Pope:
"Father of all, in every age,
In every clime adored.
By saint, by savage and by
sage,
Jehovah, Jove, or Lord."
Earl R. Girvin
V.A. Domiciliary
White City, Ore.
S. White
dential nomination, Gov. Nel
son Rockefeller of New York
and Senator Barry Goldwatcr
of Arizona, are directly parti
cipating at one stage or an
other in the new Republican
policy of general attack.
Being out of office is now
having the predictable conse
quence of drawing the Re
publicans more together: they
thrive better on adversity.
Being in office is now having
the predictable consequence
of splitting the Democrats
farther apart. They can't
stand prosperity; they are
good losers but surpassingly
poor winners.
While Republican solidarity
is thus growing, Democratic
solidarity is fragmenting. This
is in part because of the his
toric Democratic division
along the Mason-Dixon line.
But in greater part it is be
cause the president at heart
prefers the mod lie way but
is being constantly pushed by
urban-bloc senators and con
gressmen to take up immod
erate attitudes and unwise
and unattainable programs.
ANLY the Democratic center
remains in truly effective
support of the president. The
left is sullen, and thinks him
lo be too easy on the Repub
licans. The right is cold, and
thinks him to be too kind to
the left. He is thus in some
thing ot the position reported
by Marshal Foch of France in
the first world war: His left
flank was in dissension, his
right flank was crumbling
and his last means of attack
was through his center
All this docs not mean that
the president is without re
sources. It does mean, how
ever, that his difficulties will
multiply the longer he seeks
ui. no-,.,-. if.
iu appease
wing. The
tVmncrati- eft
persists in believing that the
required political tactic is to
act as though the present w as
the new deal area of the '30s
in a poor and stricken and inward-looking
country rather
than the era of the '60s in a
rich and outward looking
country which is truly con
cerned not with domestic
tinkering but with interna
tional safety
The ReDublicans have had
no confusion In distinguishing
which era this Is. The presi-1 mistake we made with the
dent will in any event have medium range ballistic mis
trouble enough in the next I siles. When we first offered
two years. But he will find j the latter, it wassuppos-d to
deep trouble, indeed, unless i be a favor to our allies In
he broadens his Democratic the end. accepting the
center by squeezing back his MRBMs became a favor to
clamorous left. the United States.
Nations,
Difficulties
and threatened a general
strike in protest against the
arrest of labor leaders.
Uruguay, about the size of
the state of Indiana, is the
smallest of the South Ameri
can nations, with a popula
tion of about three million,
about a third of whom live in
the capital. .
By Joseph Alsep
Tribune Syndicate
volved in this scheme. The
Pentagon has reduced the
estimated cost of the multi
laterial deterrent by the sim
ple expedient of deciding that
surface ships will do quite
well enough as platforms for
these particular Polaris mis
siles. Nonetheless, the cost
will be heavy - in the neigh
borhood of two - and - a - half
billion dollars, reportedly.
WITH the U. S. footing 40
per cent of the bill, that
leaves a billon and a half
dollars to be put up by the
Europeans, which will mainly
mean the Germans and Ital
ians if the multilateral deter
rent ever becomes a reality.
The Italian Defense Minis
try is already hard put to pay
for the modernization of its
NATO division. Finding an
other hundred million or so a
year to pay for the multilater
al deterrent will be far from
easy. In the end, it may even
prove to be impossible.
As for the third reason
for the unliklihood of an im
mediate Italian commitment,
it is, so to say, rooted in the
nature of the beast. From
Prime Minister Fanfani down,
the chief personages in the
Italian government are sin
cerely pleased by the Presi
dential offer that Merchant
has come here to spell out.
But they are not only wor
ried about the bill; they are
also mainly pleased by the
offer for "psychological" rea
sons. a
'THE FACT that the multi--
lateral deterrent's value is
mainly psychological, at leant
at present, needs to be square
ly faced. It will not mean, to
begin with, that the Italians
and Germans will acquire nu
clear weapons for the first
time. Both countries already
have nuclear weapons.
In the four "Honest John"
battalions in the Italian army,
the total kilotonnage of the
warheads is certainly several
times as great as the kiloton
nage of the warheads as yet
available to Gen. de Gaulle's
embryo nuclear striking
force. The total kilotonnage
of the warheads integrated
into the German armed forces
is not less than 20 times and
perhaps as much as 30 times,
the current French total.
Each of these warheads
now in German and Italian
hands of course has its atten
dant American sergant or cor
poral; and all of them are
equipped with the electronic
lock, to which Washington
holds the key. But the fact
remains that the Germans
can use their nuclear arms if
only two men, President Ken
nedy and Chancellor Aden
auer, agree on the need, and
the Italians can do the same
if there is agreement between
the President and Prime Min
ister Fanfani.
TN THE case of the multi-
lateral deterrent, in con
trast, nuclear arms which are
to be allocated to it will not be
usable without the unanimous
agreement of the five or six
or eight or ten representatives
of contributing nations on the
Board of Control. As now
planned, this force will not
merely have a built-in Ameri
can veto. It will have a lot
of other built-in vetoes
well.
The pyschological gain of
course lies in putting the
Germans, Italians, and others
who may join the scheme in
to the strategic nuclear busi
ness, which has more prestige
than the tactical nuclear bus
iness symbolized by those
Italian "Honest Johns." For
the Italians, who have a
healthy fear of strategic no
clear weapons in German
hands, there is the additional
advantage of seeming to sat
isfy German claims without
undue risk because of all
those built-in vetoes
But the question clearly
remains whether European
enthusiasm can be sustained
"T una project wmcn will
' cost a lot- which "'" not add
significantly to the military
power of the Western Alli
ance, and which will be main
ly valuable for strictly psy
chological reasons.
Maybe the picture will be
altered if it is later trans-
formed into a truly European !
deterrent by the removal of
the American veto. But if
European enthusiasm is not
i sustained, one must pray
we shall not again make the!
Having
Uruguay has been describ
ed as a super welfare state.
providing benefits from the
cradle to the grave.
the heavy cost of main
taining these benefits and tha
uncertainties of national in.
come based primarily upon
agriculture have combined to
create the country's present
proDiems.
Living costs have shot sky
ward at a rate of 25 per cent
per year or more.
Production costs have
reached a point in many fac
tories where imported goods
can be sold cheaper than
those manufactured at home.-.
Gold and dollar reserves
have dropped alarmingly. ,
Depends on Exports
Uruguay depends primarily
upon its exports of wool and
meats, and its economy was
at its peak during the Korean
War. Since then, successive
years have been marked by
increasingly large trade defi
cits and increasing labor un
rest. Tourist trade from Argen
tina and Brazil, also impor
tant to the economy, has fall
en off as those nations hava
gone through their own peri
ods of turmoil'.
A further woe is smuggling.
Value of smuggled goods
ranging from electrical ap
pliances to coffee has been
set at from $1 million lo $2
million dollars monthly.
Strictly
Personal
By Sydney J. Harris
(ci Field Enterprises, inc.
NAMES
All the furor over the ex
hibition of the "Mona Lisa"
in the United States remind
ed me of tha
curious way
we have with
names. For in
stance, almost '
all Ameri
cans are con
v i n c e d (i f
they think of
it at all) that
da Vinci's
Hani- painting is a
portrait of a woman who was
named Mona Lisa.
Actually, the name he gave
the painting if he bothered
to title it at all, which most
painters do not was "La
Gioconda," since she was the
wife of an Italian burgher of
that name. Her first name was
Lisa, and "Mona" is merely
the familiar form of "Ma
Donna."
And Whistler, of c o u r s e,
would never have considered
for a moment entitling his
famous picture, "Whistler's
Mother." He gave it the se
date and formal title, "Ar
rangement in Gray and
Black." Yet no one ever calls
it that, and lo posterity it re
mains known as "Whistler's
Mother."
as
Much the tame has hap
pened in music. One of the
best known of musical com
positions it B e e t h o ven't
"Moonlight" tonata. But tha
composer bluntly called the
work "Oput 27, No. 2." He
openly expressed hit deep v
dislike of 'giving nicknamet
to hit compositions.
However, when a Ger
man critic of the time heard
the piece he was reminded
of moonlight on Lake Lu
cerne and dubbed it t h
"Moonlight" tonata, which
displeased Beethoven, but,
which has stuck.
It teemt at if the public
nqedt tome kind of verbal 1
"handle" lo assist it in
grasping or remembering
works of art. Mott of the
popular names of classical
compositions were not given
to them by ihe composers;
but by olhert, in much the
same way at we dub base
ball playert with nick
names.
Even so minor a piece ot
verse as the familiar poem be
ginning " 'Twas the night be
fore Christmas" is not known
or called by its proper title,
which is "A Visit From St.
Nicholas." Everyone takes tha
first line for the title, and
nothing will ever restore its
proper name.
Indeed, it is the name, and
aura attached to it. that often
compels attention more than
the object itself. "Mona Lisa?
is a magic phrase by now. and
will attract millions of view
ers who know and care noth
ing about da Vinci, his sittet,
or Ihe art of painting.
I once heard an amusing,
and psychologically sound.
story of a Paris antiquarian
who displayed in his window
five wooden statues, which no
titled "The Five Senses " The
i first day. a customer came in
! a4 bought one of the staiuca.
! The next day the antinuarl.
an had calmly relettered the
title card to "The Four Sea
sons." Upon selling another,
the remaining group became
"The Three Graces '" Then
they became "Night and Day."'
When all but one had been
sold, he titled the remaining
statue "Solitude."