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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (May 21, 1962)
4 A MSCFORDjrTtlBUNI "Everyone in Southern Oregon Read. Thfe. Mali Tribune" Published Daily except Saturday b MEurOHD PKinrmu lu 33 North VtiBl.. PriSP 2-6141 ROBERT W RUHL. Editor HKRB GREY Advertising Manyfei np.HAi.n t Latham Bus Mir. ERIC W AU-EN JR. Mng Editor EARl. H ADAMS. City Editor harrv f!HIPMAN Tele Editor RICHARD JEWETT. Sport Edltoi OLIVE STARCHES Women's Editoi DALE EHICKSUH. nrcmauqn atmj An IndToendent Newipaper Entered aa second class matter at Medford. Oregon under Act ot March 3, 1807 SUBSCRIPTION RATES Rv Mail In Advance Copy iOc Dally and Sunday 1 year 1SOO Daily and Sunday fl tnos 8 0u Daily and Sunday 3 mos 4.23 Sunday Only One year $4.20 By Carrier In Advance Med lord Ashland. Central Point Eagle Point. Jacksonville Gold Htu Phoenix, Shauy Cove Hague Riv mr Talent and on motor routes, Daily and Sunday 1 vear $18 00 Daily and Sunday 1 mo Vao Carriei and Dealers copy 10c All Terms Caan in Anvance Official Paper of City MMedforf Official Paper of Jacksoa County United Press International Full Leased Wire O.P.l.Telepmto Newsplcturea HmEMRPR OF AUDIT BIJRKAU OF CIRCULATIONS Advertising Representative: NELSON ROBERTS & ASSOC! ATFfi rtttir In New York. Chi- cbro, Detroit, San Francisco. Loi Angeies neame, rnruana, ubhvm NIW5PAM PUHISHUS ASSOCIATION NATIONAL EDITORIAl Flight o' Time Medford and Jackson County Hlslory from the files of Tha Mail Tribune 10, 20, 30, 40 and SO years ago. 10 YEARS AGO May 21, 1952 (Wednesday) Funds requested by the De partment of the Army Irom Federal Budget Bureau ior the rehabilitation of Camp White have been reduced by 161,700. Jackson county's budget for 1952-53 will total $2,270, 573.02, an increase of $503, 115.14 over the current fiscal year, according to the figures released today by County Judge J. B. Coleman. 20 YEARS AGO May 21, 1942 (Thuridey) Graduation exercises sched uled at Medford senior high school; class includes 98 girls and 06 boys. From Arthur Perry's "Ye Smudge Pot" column: "Re ports from rural regions say hailstones as big as goose eggs fell last week. Several goose eggs as big as hailstones also are reported along with a few hailstones as big as hail stones." 30 YEARS AGO May 21, 1932 (Saturday) Jackson county casts 1,903 votes for Franklin D. Roose velt for Democratic nominee for president in primary elec tions; Alfred E. Smith gets only 22 votes. Family of three injured in automobile accident when pet turtle in car frightens little boy sitting next to driver. 40 YEARS AGO May 21. 1922 (Sunday) More than 1.000 chickens killed in ranch fire near Med ford: damages estimated at SI. 500. Full paKe advertisement for "The Sheik," movina picture starring Rudolph Valentino and Agnes Ayres. appears in The Mall Tribune. 50 YEARS AGO May 21. 1912 (Monday) Chester A. Arthur post, Grand Army of the Republic, and Spanish American war veterans discuss plans for large Memorial day program. Local resident escapes from holdup man on Jacksonville Central Point rd. when his team become frightened and runs away. What's Your I.Q.? Nine or ten correct It superior, seven or eight is excellent; rive ot sii Is good. 1. Would it have been possi ble for Napoleon Bonaparte and George Washington to have visited each other? 2. Who won the battle of Bunker Hill, the Americans or British? 3. Which arm of the Famous statue. Venus de Milo, is who! ly missing? 4. When daylight saving time is changed back into standard time, are the clocks retarded or advanced one hour? 5. In what war did Jeb Stuart gain his fame is a cavalry leader? 8. What was the Clermont? 7. What does the Latin phrase post mortem mean? 8. Where did the owl and pussy cat go? 9. Name tile most used let ter in the English alphabet. 10. Correct the following: "She purchased three pair of gloves.'' Aniweri: 1. Yt. 2. British. 3. Left. 4. Relardtd. 5. War Between the States. I. Ful ton's steimboat. 7. After death. . To sea. (. The letter "a". 10. ". . three pairs , ." MONDAY. MAY 21, 19S2 10 Those Who CARE A subject for endless and fascinating specul ation but one never to be solved; no, not by the most probing psychologist or the most dedi cated motivational research is what makes a voter cast his ballot the way he does. This goes for non-voters, too, for staying away from the polls is an indirect and negative way of voting by letting the other guy decide. Vastly more complex eventhan the varied motivations of the individual voter is the mysteri ous and unknowable way in which the electorate, collectively, makes up its mind. FOR instance : . r Time after time the legislature has besought the electorate for bigger salaries for its mem bers. They've made an excellent case, too. But only once in recent memory have the voters re sponded affirmatively and that time with a measly $600 per year. Then, all of a sudden, a measure which will permit the legislators to set thoir own salaries passes by a substantial margin. Have the long years of persuasion, education and argument finally gotten through? Do the people see the logic of paying legislators enough so that they won't have to go into the hole to serve the people? Or could it be the wording on the ballot setting out that legislators' salaries shall be set "in the same manner as other officials"? Could enough voters to count have said to themselves: "Why those so-and-sos ; why should they get special treatment?" fR on Home Rule: The people of Jackson county in 1958 over whelmingly approved the principle of home rule. So why did the charter go down to defeat? Because each of the many "no" voters ob jected to some specific feature of the chartnr? Because they didn't understand it? Because they felt really felt that a vote for a sheriff or sur veyor is more important than a vote for a com missioner? Or, perhaps, was it fused and perhaps even a bit fearful as a result of the charges and counter charges in the cam paign! We 11 never really PERHAPS it may be because of the kind of ad lrAiua toafitM irm'na i r a Kim of ( artA 1 1 n o 1 rrrx ed) note which arrived "Don't be too depressed about failure of annexa tion, removal of six per cent limitation, or Home Rule to pass. It's simply that every now and then that the common man Is Inclined to let the manipulators know where the ultimate power under a system such as ours still rests." It was signed Vox Populi. Well, maybe so, maybe so. We are not a bit depressed about the failure of annexation (although that it would have been people involved, but that they should decide.) MOR were we depressed that the "removal of the six ner cent limitation" failed to Dass. In the first place, the vote moval of the six per cent limitation, which shows the level of understanding of our unnamed cor respondent. Secondly, the measure was not sig nificantly important; it was sort of a "house keeping measure. And thirdly, the most im portant, and best, part of it will be voted on again in the fall, when, perhaps, it can be ex plained more simply, and complicating additional Nor, really, were we of Home Rule. We expected it. (We had not, frankly, expected a three it, but we were not hopetul of its passage.) There were adequate reasons for its failure, and a more popular measure will, we feel certain, pass ultimately, although or more ot eiiort to get it done. A LSO, after watching Oregon elections closely for nearly two decades, we know as well as any "where the ultimate power under a system such as ours still rests." It rests with the minority of individuals who are willing to exercise their franchise with the voters, not the unnamed "manipulators." This is not synonymous with "the people." There are some 74,000 people in Jackson county. Of these only about half are registered voters. Of these, only about 55 per cent bothered to vote. This is minority rule. But it is minority rule by choice. It is not "vox populi" the voice of the people. It is the voice of those who are interested, who CARE, about democracy. MO, IT has been a long time since we have al lowed ourselves the luxury of intense emo- . I ? 1 . . , . ,! 1 nonai mvoivcmeni wun specuic measures ana candidates. We have, to be sure, supported some and op posed others with fervor and belief. But if noth ing else, we have learned that one cannot let either a political defeat or a political victory be come so all-important that it blots out the fact that in this nation it is the people who CARE who make the decisions. Win a few ; lose a few. We were pleased about the outcome of some of last Friday's races; disap pointed in others. The important thing is that thedecisions were made by those who CARE, and in the long run we can't yo too far wrong if we place our po litical destinies in the hands of people who CAKE. They eiay be wrong today, or tomorrow, but in the long run, the riuht choices will be made. Otherwise, the American experiment is going sour. Anfi this we cannot believe. E.A. because they were con know. Sunday. It said: we felt, and still do, a good thing for the was NOT on the re voted on without the clauses. depressed by the failure - to - one margin against it may take ten years Dennis the !fS ' 1 0ECIPE0 TO 6IVE YA ANOTHER COMMUNICATIONS Letters to the Editor must bear the name and address ot the writer, although under certain circumstances the use of a pen name or initial for publication is permissible. The Mail Tribune reserves the right to edit all letters with a view to clarification and condensation. Letters submitted tor publication must not exceed 400 words. The letters printed in this column do not necessarily represent the views of the oaper; in tact the contrary is often A Tribute To the Editor; There is a void in my life these days be cause a woman has died. Ac tually, I should be rejoicing, because there is no doubt whatever in my mind that she is now in the presence of God Almighty and she must be very happy. But being a mor tal, and one not NEARLY so willing to give myself to the total dedication of God and all His Children, as she was, I reserve the right, at least for a while, to miss her. It was my great fortune to discover, first hand, what Sis ter Miriam Theresa of the Holy Names of Jesus and Mary meant, not only to the women and children of Ore gon, but to all the women and children of the United States. In 1959, Sen. Wayne Morse said, "The work of Sis ter Miriam Theresa was the foundation ultimately for the development of a Federal Fair Labor Standards Act . . . One of the most wonderful women in my State is Sister Miriam Theresa, who recognizes that it is human values that count and great spiritual teachings are symbolized by dedication to human values." Sen. Paul Douglas of Illi nois once said, in connection with rulings on the Minimum Wage Commission, that "The whole country is indebted to this noble woman." It isn't necessary for me to slate any more extensively what this woman meant to the women and children of Oregon in the first place it would be contrary to the vows she took as a "late voca tion" to the Holy Names Or der, and in the soend place, any newspnper in our fair state could find reason for eulogizing her without half a prompting If a bit of investi gation were done. But I should like, if it were only possible, to shout .from the housetops, what this one woman has meant to me as an individual. There was the time when I appeared for a sociology field trip and she gently re. minded me that a "lady never goes into town without being properly gloved and hatted." I still appear without gloves and In a veil, but I have an indescribably inner glow when my daughters go out the door looking every inch the lady in gloves and hat. I'm sure she sees them; 1 know she approves. Another time she called me aside after class and asked me why I should have found reason to cry during the per iod. And when I replied that I had cried because she expect ed more of my generation than HER generation had learned to give, she replied, "Marjorle, you are the first who has had the nerve to say that." For the rest of the year she adjusted her program to fit our more modern abilities, and at the same time she saw it it personally that I spent no loss than one hour in the fresh air and sunshine, in dark glasses, to build up my failing health. Still another time when I knew she was deep in the study of advance Greek, she took my first-born upon her knee and then threw the child into peals of laughter by mak ing up the most nonsensical verses, while bouncing the baby upon her foot, to "Trot, Trot to Boston. ' She was wise and wondrous one moment but so simple and Christ-like the next: and it was my good fortune to learn that fact. Every day of my life I shall remember what she helped to Impress upon me Never forget that you are first of all a lady: never cease until death to enrich your mind wi('i new learning; and always remem MEDFORD MAIL Menace CHANCff the case. ber that there Is nothing more important in the world than the very least of the human beings God has created. The world would be a bet ter place if only more had known or If more would prac tice Sister Miriam Theresa's way of life. Marjorie M. Hochstatter 024 Jasper St. Medford. Thanks Voters To the Editor: And all those fine people who voted for me: I wish to take this oppor- tunity to thank all of you fine folks who felt that I was the man of the hour and voted for me. It wasn't all. a loss. I got experience I would not have had any other way, I met people I would not have met any other way and per haps these have done some good. I do not deny I am rather a boisterous individual. I al ways like to have a little fun in every situation, if possible. There are some who regard me as a "Hell Raiser." There are some who have a "slight ly" lower or higher opinion (take your choice). If vision permitted I'd be very likely to be Involved in more active types of fighting but am forced to confine my battles to words. (If you take one side, I'll take the other). The day I filed as candidate I stopped in the sheriff's office and was asked why I filed. I said "I just like a good bat tle." The other feller said "You'll sure find it, in the county court." Actually, I can be just as serious as any of the other candidates and while I may have to spend considerable time in studying such things as leases, purchase contracts, etc., etc., I could probably make just as intelligent deci sions as any of the others. One thing I would have TRIED to do is to talk the Editor into allowing me to do a weekly column on the activ ities of the county court. Per haps I'd have been shot for my pains but I'd have tried to keep the people informed as to what the court was do ing, was considering doing, or was going to do. Maybe the successful candidate will make an effort in this direc tion. Let's try to talk him into this. Allow me to repeat, thank you, friends, for your efforts in my support, Floyd R. McCabe Mt. Pitt Star Rt. Butte Falls, Ore. For Bill To the Editor: This is to William V. Deatherage: Dear Bill: Many thanks for your effort and hard work on behalf of the Democratic party and to the people of Jackson county in justifying their stand. The predicted sad day for the Democratic Central Com mittee has become a bright and happy one for the pre cinct men and women, who will now begin working for the Democraitc victory which will be ours in November. "Man so often feels that he is right. While so often he is so awfully wrong." Thanks again. Bill, and I know that all Democrats thank you. Carl W. Timmons 1368 Tolman Creek rd. Ashland, Ore. Buddy Poppies To the Editor: "The proud and symbolic product of the unsteady hands of our hospi talized and disabled veter ans." was the wav Command er A. C. Hazelrigg of VFW Post No 3423 described the Buddy Poppy which his or ganization will put on sale in Ashland May 25 and 26. "The sal here, will be just j one of many Thousand sales being TRIBUNE, MEDFORD, OREGON Foreign News: Guerrilla Step-Up Seen; German Military Change; Jouhaud Mercy By PHIL NEWSOM UPI Foreign News Analyst Notes from the foreign news cables: Red Guerrillas Military source., in South east Asia expect the Commu nists to step up their guerrilla warfare activ ities in South Viet Nam and northern Thai land as the rainy season draws near. Uources in Saigon point out that, tra ditionally, the C o m m u nist Viet Cong guerrillas use the last few days of good weath- Strictly Personal By Sydney J. Harris (c Field Enterprises Inc. UNIVAC NOT ENOUGH An official of the General Electric Co. recently told a convention group, that within the next decade the "house of tomorrow" will have family -size computers to prog r a m meals, so that they are ro tated equally, with each member of the family Hiru getting nis favorites and avoiding his aversions. What we would have to feed into our home computer would be a mass of variables, including peanut butter, raspberry preserves, raw on ions, chocolate bars, spaghetti and a hundred other items - all arranged so that Barbie can have the French toast when Michael has pancakes and David has crisp bacon and . . . But the mind is staggered at this complexity. I have often gazed wistfully at pictures of pioneer familien sitting around the kitchen table, all eating communally from a large pot. This sort of thing has disappeared along with the bison and the button- shoe; nowadays, in our teem ing prosperity, family meals tend to be as diversified as a restaurant menu - except in those increasingly rare cases in which the parents have kept a firm hold on the dietet ic reins. If one of the children won't eat anything with nuts, and another is resistant to fat on meat, and still another prefers bread sopping with gravy, it requires both the wisdom of a Solomon plus the mathemati cal precision of a computing machine to arrange meals that satisfy everyone without out raging the delicate sensibili ties of any of the children. Europeans say jeeringly that American is the only great civilization run by its children, and while this is excessively cruel, there is a glimmer of truth in the charge. Anyone who has watched children peremptori ly ordering food in a restau rant cannot but cringe at their bland assumption of despot ism. In desperation, most par ents settle for hamburgers, French fries and soft drinks -which is what most American children seem to live on. What our parents used to call "a nice green vegetable" has been programmed right out of the children's diet, by their own fiat. As for that "electronic ac counting system for bills" in the household, the thought brings a tear to these watery old eyes. If there is one thing a wife will resist to the death, it is an impeccable and implacable system of account ing for all the money spent. She will find a way to jam that machine - possibly by feeding into it some of the peanut butter and limp bacon strips left over from this morning's programmed break fast. held throughout the nation during this month of May," Commander Hazelrigg said. I In the hospital wards and j the hobby rooms of Veteran Administration homes and hospitals all over the country men in pajamas and b a t h robes have been busy for many months now making the artificial memorial flowers symbolic of those who gave so much during time of war. They are hoping and praying that all Americans will wear the symbolic flower of re membrance when Buddy Pop pies are placed on sale May 23 and 2. Many of these men are working with partially para- : lyzed or deformed hands, I some in wheel chjirs and oth I ers yet in bed. Won't you please buv a poppv? E. T. Moodv 233 Fifth St. ' Ashland, Ore. er before the rains set in to seize new territory in Viet Nam. Since military operations thereafter are hampered by the rains, the Reds use the intervening time to strengthen their control in the new areas and to indoctrinate farmers Washington Report By William S. Whit lc) United Feature Syndicate SHADOW Washington This colum nist senses the shadow of a new public mood of isolation- t& ism but one " i , .,.,. q Daieo inis lime on per sistent allied refusal to deal sensibly with America and not on any na tional provin cialism - now hanging dis- wm tantly over the United States. It would be irresponsible to overstate this, for it is as yet no more than the shadow, and certainly not yet the sub stance, or peril. But it would be a terrible mistake for our foreign friends not to believe that this latent danger truly exists. Obviously, no substantial group here wants to return to fortress America; to go it alone. But what is happening is that two of our major allies, West Germany and France, are themselves forcing us in significant instances to go it alone wherever there are real risks to be taken in be half of the free world. NOTWITHSTANDING a 1 1 disclaimers, Chan cellor Adenauer of Germany and President Charles de Gaulle of France are persistently making it harder and harder for the United States to func tion as the responsible leader of that free world. This is the most disturbing fact of our days. It is no less real because de Gaulle and Adenauer are men of honor and determination in the cold war. It is not altered by the possibility even the prob ability, if one prefers that in an academic sense these old gentlemen may be sound er in their highly reserved approach to negotiations with the Russians than is President Kennedy. For the ultimate re ality of all is that it is not they but rather Mr. Kennedy, representing the United States, who holds the true power within the West and .Southeast Asia? Thus, the more they harass us the more difficult they make it for us to function as what we must be the agent of all the West in every true approach to the Soviet prob lem. Nobody suggests that Western policy should bemon olithically in control of the United States. But these allies have surely had ample oppor tunity a dozen times ex ploited to make public all their dissents with the leader of the alliance. rjiHIS being so, why this: -- Why does General de Gaulle hold yet another press conference to say yet again what he had said over and over about his greater wisdom in these cold war matters on the very day that the Unit ed States is being forced to go it all alone in sending troops into Southeast Asia to stem a Communist menace to all the West? Why, in the same circum stances, is it necessary for Adenauer to proclaim his deeply hurt feelings about some sharp little message sent by us to Bonn to protest pub lic leaks in Germany of cold war information given in the highest confidence to Germa ny? Why must Adenauer and de Gaulle dream aloud of a new Europe in which Germa ny and France are to be the super states? Aren't these wonderful visions of Franco German "grandeur" a little too premature and costly right now to the desperately needed unity of the West? Do de Gaulle and Adenauer want people here to begin to ask where French and German troops are in the crisis in Southeast Asia? rpHESE are not pretty qucs- - lions. But the moment they be gin to be asked widely In this country as they will be unless these prima donnas in Bonn and Paris get back on the Allied team and at least reserve their gripes for pri vate sessions with the Ameri can captain at that moment the shadow of a new Ameri can isolationism may become a thing of substance. The President himself will never take that course of his own choice. But it is not in conceivable that the Ameri can public will take it for him. What de Gaulle and Ad - enaucr must grasp is that ir. is not a man named Kennedy they are harassing; It the United States of America. and villagers with the Com munist line. Nuclear Change Look for the West Germans quietly to drop their demands that the Bundeswehr be arm ed with nuclear weapons and switch to a concentration on strengthening their conven tional defenses. Well-informed sources in Bonn say Defense Minister Franz Josef Strauss already has begun what amounts to a re-education course. This will de-emphasize the need for nuclear wea pons by the Weot German armed forces, a position in line with that suggested by the Kennedy administration. The betting in Paris is thai former Gen. Edmond Jou haud will escape execution as a result of ex-Gen. Raoul Today Cr Tomorrow By Walter Lippmann. lc New York Herald Tribune Syndicate GAULLIST EUROPE At his press conference last Tuesday General de Gaulle made it quite clear that in his mind Eu rope" should be organized and led by a Franco - Ger man combina tion. The Gen eral does not regard Britain which he des cribes as an "island," as Lippmann genuinely European, and he thinks of the United States, though its presence is still ne cessary for defense, as destin ed eventually to withdraw from Europe and in the near future to exercise a receding influence in European affairs. The true Europe is to be led by the Franco-Germans and not by the Anglo-Saxons. It is to make itself sufficiently powerful to come to terms with the Soviet Union and thus to have "Europe" extend from the Atlantic to the Urals. This is a formidable con ception of policy. For the core of it, the Franco-German com bination, has real substance. In spite of their many wars, there is an historical connect ion between France and the western part of Germany which goes back to the Ro man Empire. Economically, the two countries are com plementary and in the Com mon Market they are creating an economy which is so rich and so dynamic that already it has a bargaining power in the world which, as we shall see in the prr posed tariff ne gotiations, is superior to that of Britain and the Common wealth and at least equal to that of the United estates. There are also deep but mixed bonds of memory and of emotions which unite the two peoples in the belief that war, which for both of them was a tragedy and a humilia tion, must never again come between them. There is, too, the belief that while separate ly they are only medium-sized powers, combined they will be the core ot a new great world power. In that connect ion we must remind ourselv es that although Germany is solemnly pledged by treaty not to make nuclear weapons the European nuclear striking force, which General de Gaulle wants so much, could be created much more quick ly by Franco-German cooper ation. VET there is another side - to the picture. The Franco German combination today is an alliance between General de Gaulle and Dr. Adenauer. To say that is enough to warn us not to regard the Gaullist conception of Europe as an accomplished fact. Thus in both France and in West Ger many there is a monarch but there is no crown prince. The two old kings have not pre pared and cannot control the future, and so in our own cal culations of policy we can not treat as the shape of the Europe to come what the old kings now say about it. I shall not attempt here to say, because I do not know what will happen in France when General de Gaulle de parts. The basic institutions of France are still all there, and France is in fact, as one Frenchman put it to me, a lib. eral state ruled by a self-determining king. We have a right to believe that the French administration and lo cal government veill go on In spite of the corruption and disloyalty which are so wide siead. But General de Gaulle has dismantled representative government in France, replac ing it with his own personal rule nourished by popular plebiscite Since France Is not an hereditary monarchy, those 1 who are cooferned with such things are saying not very loudly at present that they do not see how representative ship and adamant in their sfp government is to be restored i port of the Atlantic Alliance. Salan, his one-time boss in the terrorist secret army or gjinization, taking full blame for all its excesses. A decis ion by President Charles da Gaulle on Jouhaud's clemency appeal is expected soon after Salan's trial ends. Paratroopers The Dutch government is reported extremely bi 1 1 e r about the U.S. attitude in its struggle with Indonesia over the future of West New Guin ea. The Dutch have been ex pecting more U.". and other NATO backing than they have received thus far. They ara gravely concerned that if In donesian paratroop landings continue on New Guinea, they will lead to full-scale fighting in the area. This, in turn, they fear, possibly would set off a larger-sized conflict. and a stable succession to Gen eral de Gaulle arranged. Nevertheless, we must not make too much of the politi cal instability of France. It is a completed and territorially satisfied nation. It has a high ly educated population and its economy is flourishing. 1UT the instability of Ger-- many has profounder con sequences. The retirement of Dr. Adenauer cannot be far off. Under his iron leadership the West Germans have fol lowed his foreign policy, but it is most improbable that there is any successor to Ade nauer whom the parties and the factions will follow in tha same way. The Franco-German combination, which is the keystone of General do Gaulle's policy, will no doubt remain. But I find it hard to think from what I have learn ed in Berlin and Bonn that the existing policy will be follow ed with the same discipline. the same inflexibility, and the same dogmatism. I say this because I am per suaded that West Germany, which is defeated, divided from the rest of Germany, and is still haunted by the mem ories of Nazism, has not yet achieved the kind of sover eignty, the kind of self-confidence and s e 1 f-assurance, which enable it to make its own national policy. West Germany has made a brilliant economic recovery. But in world politics it is not as yet a prinicpal power. It is the ob ject of the diplomacy of tha other powers, and its inner life is pushed and pulled from the outside. All of Germany is the object of the great con flict between the Soviet Union and the Atlantic Alliance. West Germany itself is tha object of the conflict within the Atlantic Alliance as to whom shall lead the West in world affairs. Dr. Adenauer is much aware that these conflicting external pressures work with in Germany and because of them he is insecure and feels that the least risk is to ba inflexible and to stand pat. The "hard line," which is too much General de Gaulle's spe cialty these days, is designed primarily to keep the Ger mans from straying away from the Franco-German com bination, to keep them from working with the Americans and the British to find an ac comodation about Berlin, or even, as is always a possibil ity for the Germans, or going along with Dr. Kroll towards a larger Russo-German deal. UfE cannot pretend, and we " should not try to pretend, that we believe in or would welcome a Franco-German "Europe." We shall not be alone In refusing to applaud it and in promoting a wider community. Opposed to the exclusive and restrictive Eu rope of General de Gaulle and Dr. Adenauer, there is a lib eral party within the whole area of the Common Market. Its leaders are Jean Monnet himself, M. Spakk, the For eign Minister of Belgium, Dr. Hallstein, Chairman of the Commission of the European Economic Community, and, I should say. the leading spirits of the presfent Italian coali tion. In Germany there belong to this party men like Erhard, who may be D, Adenauer's successor, the leading big Ger man industrialists, the Free Democrats on the right and the Social Democrats on tha left. Some of them want a more highly federated Europe than they are likely to get. It is to them that Genarel aulle was rferftng when he spoke of "Utopian construct ion' A federated Europe may weff be a Utopian Idea, but what matters practically is that the men and groups t have flamed are all of therj) MiutHoie 10 ornisn memDer-
