Medford mail tribune., April 10, 1961, Image 11

Medford
Tribune
SECTION B - MEDFORD, OREGON, MONDAY. APRIL 10, 1961 . PAGES 1 to 8
'V
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bGIVIL WAR
First Shot Fired in Civil War
By MERTON T. AKERS
UPI Correspondent
:. The Civil War started at
4:30 a.m., April 12, 1861, at
Charleston. S.C.. when Con
federate batteries opened fire
on Ft. Sumter.
.War came like this: '
"And at last there was a
quick; flash, like-heat light
- ning, off beyond the unseen
marshland and a sullen red
spark', cjimbed up .the black
sky; seemed to hang motion-
lessNfor a final instant directly
overneaa, ' ana men came
plunging down, to explode in
great light and rocking sound
that would reverberate across
the land and mark an end and
. a beginning."' s ;
The4arget of that first shot
of the Civil War--the blood
iest in American history was
Ma. Robert Anderson and his
garrison of 85 federal' soldiers,
beleaguered since the day
after Christmas in the pile of.
masonry that was Ft. Sumter
which corked Charleston Har
. bor and had grown into the
symbol of the Union the
Union which the South held to
be .divisible and the North
held, to be indivisible. '.
The shot marked the end .of
30 'years of suspense during
which the two halves of the
country snarled at each other
over secession and the exten
sion of slavery. :' ;s
Beginning of Whole Nation -tl
fnarked, too the begin
ning of a whole nation which
in less than a century would
lead the free world.
People who were, there that
chilly night in the hours be
fore dawn tell the story of the
. bombardment of Ft. Sumter.
Brig Gen. Pierre Gustave
T o u t a n t Beauregard, com
mander 'of the Confederate
forces at Charleston, starts:
"The peaceful stillness of
the night was broken just be
fore dawn'. From Ft. Johnson's
mortar.. battery,'. . issued the
first and, asmany thought,
the too-long deferred signal
shell of the war. It sped aloft
and, bursting over Ft. Sumter,
fell,- -with crashing noise, . in
the very center of the parade
. , Thus was 'reville' sounded
in Charleston and its harbor
this eventful morning. In an
instant all was bustle and ac
tivity . . , The citizens poured
down to the Battery and the
wharves, and women and chil
dren crowded each window of
the houses overlooking ' the
sea rapt spectators of . the
scene . .. . '
Mary Boykin Chestnut, wife
of Col. James Chestnut, a for
mer U.S. senator who was an
aide to Bureaugard, wrote that
morning in her dairy:
"I do not pretend to go to
sleep. How1 can I? If Anderson
does not accept terms at four.
the orders are, he shall be
fired upon. I count four. St.
Michael's bells chime out and
I begin to hope. At half past
four the heavy booming of
cannon, I sprang out of bed,
and on my knees prostrate I
prayed as I never prayed be
fore ... I put on my double
gown and a shawl and went
to the housetop . . . the
shells were bursting i . . I
knew my husband was rowing
about somewhere in that dark
bay and the shells were roof-
ing it over' . . . The women
were wild on the housetop,
Prayers came from them and
imprecations from the men.
Somebody came in just now
and " reported Col, Chestnut
was asleep on a soft in Gen.
Beaureaugard s room.
Capt. Stephen D. Lee, an
other aide to Beauregard who,
with Col. Chestnut, had de
manded the surrender of Sum
ter an hour before, carried the
word to a Confederate battery
at Ft. Johnson to fire the first
shot With him was Roger A.
Pryor, Virginia congressman,
who earlier had made a speech
in Charleston demanding ac
tion against Sumter. Lee picks
up the story:
Great Admirer
Capt. George S. James,
commanding the battery at
that point . . . was a , great
admirer of Pryor, and said to
him: "You are the only man
to whom I would give up the
honor of firing the first shot
of the war"; and he offered
to let him fire it. Pryor, on re
ceiving the offer was very
much agitated. With a husky
voice, He said, 'I could not fire
the first gun of the war' . . .
Capt; James would allow no
one else but himself to fire the
gun." . u. . '
Edmund-Ruff in, fire-eating
Virginia secessionist, had
come down to see the fight. He
often is credited with firing
the first shot but he apparent
ly was the second.
Anderson did not return trie
fire until the sun was up, well
after 7 a.m.. ',.."
Capt. Abner Doubleday, sec
ond in command at Sumter,
wrote:
"When it was broad day-
ngnt, i went down to break
fast . . . Our party was calm
and even somewhat merry . .
Our meal was not very sump
tuous. It consisted of (salt)
pork and water, but Dr. (Sam
uel). Crawford (the fort sur
geon) triumphantly brought
forth a little farina which he
had found in the corner of
the hospital . My company
was told off in three details
for firing purposes.
. "In aiming the first, gun
against the rebellion I had no
feeling of self-reproach, for I
fully believed the contest to
be inevitable. My first shot
bounded off from the sloping
roof of the battery opposite
witnout producing an appar
ent affect
'The firing continued all
through the 12th of April
without any special incidents
and without our making
much impression on the ene
my's works . . The night was
an anxious one for us, for it
was possible the enemy might
attempt an attack . . . but
nothing unusual occurred . . .
At 8 a.m. (April 13th) the
officers' quarters were ignited
by a shot heated in the fur
nace at Ft. Moultrie ;,: . .
ay 11 a.m.: the conflagra
tion was terrible and disas
trous. One-fifth of the fort was
one fire . . . ,'
"About '12:48 p.m. the end
of the flagstaff was shot down
and the flag fell." (It was re
flown in a few minutes.) -.
Dr. Crawford describes the
last hours:
"The formal arid final terms
were presented to ' Anderson
. . at 7 p.m. (April 13) ... it
was arranged that he should
leave in the morning . . . The
fort was a scene of ruin and
desolation. For 34 hours it'had
sustained a bombardment
from 17 10-inch mortars and
heavy guns . . . With only four
barrels of 'powder available
the command at last yielded
to tne inevitable .; . "r ,
What - of Lincoln's-, relief
fleet which stood off the
Charleston bar on 'the 12th
and 13tn? - , - .
Capt. Gustavus Fox, later
assistant secretary of navy,
accompanied the expedition
and tells why the fleet did not
help Anderson:, . ' v
As we neared the land,
Math Students To
Attend 10-Week
ining Program
Portland - "Gifted" high
school math , students who
wish to apply for the 10-week
college level training program
this summer must have appli
cations in the mail by Wed
n'es. Dr. Robert W. Rempfer,
who will direct the. project,
announced Saturday.
The project, made possible
by a $10,000 grant from the
National Science foundation.
is sponsored by Portland cen
ter of the general extension
division and Portland State
college. About two dozen gift
ed high school students will
be admitted, Rempfer said.
Following basic screening
by high school officials, can
didates will be given a highly
competitive written examina
tion by the college mathemat
ics staff. Students applying
must have completed sopho
more or junior year by sum
mer.
Receive Half of Expenses
Rempfer-.said that students
admitted to the special course
will receive approximately
half of their expenses from
the NSF grant. Some commu
nity groups are planning to
supply the other half for out
standing students of their
area, he added.
The successful, candidates'
key high school teachers will
be invited to" audit the course.
Others on the special facul
ty are Dr. Thurman S. Peter
son, chairman of Portland
State science division; Dr.
Eleanor Lawry, instructor in
mathematics for Portland cen
ter, GED; Dr. J. Richard
Byrne, associate professor of
mathematics, PSC and Port
land center; Harold Hendler,
high school math Instructor
from Valley Stream, N.Y.
Pear Blossom
Parade Winners Listed
A comnlete listing of win
ners in the eighth annual Pear
Blossom Festival parade Sat
urday have been announced
bv barade officials as follows:
Individuals Mike and
Mark Lamond and Tony Nor
ris,' first, $10; Terry McLean,
second, $5; Molly. Wilson,
third, : $2.50; ! Mike -Ponder,
fourth, $2.50; Susan- Gifford,
fifth, $2.50; Joy Huhtemahn,
sixth, $2.50; Diana Lynn Dav
is, Seventh, $2.50; Shari Jew
ett,1 : ei g h t h, $2.50; Tom
Schmidt, ninth, $2.50; and
Patty Shute, tenth, $2.50. 1
Animals and pets-Christine
Hayes, Mike Bailey, and Shel
ley Hayse, first, $10; Greg
Graff, second, $5; Norman F.
Garrett, third. $2.50: Royce
Lull, fourth, $2.50;, Emily
Corey, fifth, $2.50; Laura Ann
Fountain, sixth, $2.50; and
Marilyn O'dell, seventh, $2.50.
Vehicle Decoration '
Vehicle Decoration Cub
Pack 48, first, $10; .Brownie
Troop 88, second $5; Nancy
Bridenstine, third, $2.50; Dar
cy Middleton, fourth, $2.50;
Sally Daniels, fifth, $2.50; Su
san Bollard and Linda Rombo,
sixth, $2.50; Cynda Williams,
Kathy . Glass, and Peggy
Sheppard, seventh, $2.50;
Jeannette Bezoff, eighth,
$2.50; Susan Kimbal, ninth,
$2.50; 'and Lynn Roethler,
tenth, $2.50.
Costumend Walking Groups
Jon Thurman, first, $10;
Carol Huntley, second, $5;
Charles Peterson children and
Bruce Braten children, third,
$2.50; Betty Gay Coffman and
Rebecca Morris, fourth, $2.50;
Sara Collins, fifth, $2.50;
Brownie Troop 4, sixth, $2.50;
Talent Campfire girls, sev
enth, $2.50; Cub Scout Pack
4, eighth, $2.50; ' Brownie
Troop 43, ninth, $2.50; and
Colleen Hope Dance studio,
tenth, $2.50.
Organizational Floats Cub
Scout PacK 1, first, $20; St.
Mary's third-grade Brownie
Troop 176, second, $10; Class
6-Ma Jackson school, third,
$5; Cub Scout Pack 48, Den
1, fourth, $5; and Medford
Moose lodge, fifth, $5.
Sweepstakes
Grand sweepstakes awards
went to Mrs. Lorraine L.
Johnson and Mrs. Genniel
Spurril for the best theme
portrayed, $50; Brownie
Troop 13 for the. best float
design, $25; and to Krista
Hord, Jason Hord, Victor
Haas, and Kristen Casey, for
the best comic entry, $25.
All contestests also were
awarded green ribbons; for
participating in the parade,
according to Elliott Beckeri,
judging chairman.
Judges for the affair' in
cluded Mrs. Eleanor Hamilton
and Mrs. Elsie Reneau, indi
viduals; Bob Stedman, Bill
Stoughton, and Miss Laura
York, animals and pets; Mrs.
Nita Birdseye and Mrs. Mild
red Schwendener, vehicles;
Mrs. Marjorie and Mrs. Delia
Weber, costumed walking
group; Mrs. Margaret Nes
heim and Mrs, Ruth Kaye,
organizational floats; Warren
Wolf and Mrs. Janet Trow
bridge, grand sweepstakes.
There were no entrants in
a sixth category previously
announced for commercial en
tries.'. Winner Again
.- Parade officials noted that
the first place winner in the
organizational (Division, Cub
Scout Pack 1, was also the
first place winner in the same
division last year and was the
grand sweepstakes winner.
. Using a "Pears iri Fantasy
Land" theme, this is the first
year that entries were to be
in the non-powered category;
officials added.
Presentation of the awards
was made during special cere
monies after the parade in
Hawthorne park. Russ Jami
son acted as master of cere
monies, and Arthur Wood,
president of the Pear Blossom
Festival association awarded
the prizes. Reigning over the
affair were the king and
queen chosen earlier.
King of the parade and fes
tival was Donald Emery, son
of Mr. and Mrs. Donald E.
Emery, 112 Summit ave.,
Medford. Named .festival
queen was Teresa Lynn Stick
ley, daughter of Mr. and Mrs.
Virgil Stlckley, 509 Beatty St.,
also Medford.
Great and Wonderful'
Parade marshall was the
American Broadcasting sys
tem news commentator Frank
Hemingway. '' Following the
parade, Hemingway said it
was a "a great and wonder
ful thing," and hoped that it
would become - "bigger and
better," , if possible, to an
amused crowd he declared his
future "possibilities were un
limited", considering prede
cessors to his job as parade
marshall. The 1960 parade of
ficial was President John F.
Kennedy Both Hemingway
and his wife were declared
honorary members of the
Pear Blossom Festical associa
tion. Medford police estimated
crowds watching the parade
between 7,000 and 9,000.
heavy guns were heard . . .
Captain Rowan of the Pawnee
(one of the expedition's ves
sels)' . . . (declared) his inten
tion of standing into the har
bor and sharing the fate of his
Army brethren . . . I informed
him the government did not
expect any such gallant sac
rifice ...".'. '
Confederate ' Gen. Beaure
gard again:
Owing to unavoidable de-
days . . . (the fort's) formal
transfer did not take place un
til 4 o'clock in the afternoon
of Sunday, the 14th of
April .. ," , . - ,
Maj. Anderson was permit
ted .to fire a salute to his flag
and then he and his men went
aboard one of the ships in the
fleet to return to New York
and a hero'swelcome. Tucked
under Anderson's arm- was
Sumter's Union flag. He
would raise it over the fort
again in four years to the day.
The Confederates had fired
3,341 shots, the federals less
than half . that without any
casualties on either side until
the flag salute. J. '
Then Pvt. Daniel Hough of
Battery E, 1st U.S., Artillery,
was killed bv the Dremature
explosion of 'a gun and five
were wounded. Hough was
buried on the Sumter parade
ground with military honors,
the first of the half million
who would die. Pvt. Edward
Galoway died five days later
in a Charleston hospital, the
second. The others recovered.
Gov. Francis Pickens of
South Carolina made a full
blown victory speech, ending
on a note more prophetic than
he may have realized:
"We perhaps may have just
commenced the opening of
events that may not end in
our day and generation."
(F r o m "This Hallnwprf
6round" by Bruce Catton.
Used by permission of Double
day and Co., publishers.)
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John P. Eaton, 936 S. Riverside Medford
John M. Luttrell, 357 Suiter Ave., Medford
Donald W. Meadowi, Coker Butte Rd., Med.
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Frances D. Fry Sr., 79 Reager Medford
Osa E. Waggoner Jr., 203 3rd Phoenix ,
Ralph A. Wiese, 2939 Madrona Lane, Mod. .
Homer Brown, Old State Rd., Central Point .
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