MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFORD, ORE
THUSDAV, MARCH 23, iSSi
A
Future Space Ship
May Glide on.
Electrified Gas
New York, N, Y. Scien
tific American Feature) - In
contrast to the roaring booster
rockets that now put artifi
cial satellites into orbit, the
cruising space ship of the fu
ture may glide to its cosmic
destination on thrust devel
oped by a small jet of elec
trified gas, according to Ga
briel Giannini, head of Gian
nini Scientific Corporation of
California.
A lighter-than-air ship such
as a blimp, Dr. Giannini ex
plains, moves itself forward
by thrusting a mass of air
backward. A space ship, on
the other hand, has nothing
to push against once it passes
the limits of the earth's at
mosphere. It has no outside
mass to thrust and so must
carry some mass for this pur
pose. It cannot accelerate, that
is, alter its motion, unless it
ejects a portion of its own
substance. .
Depends on Velocity
The amount of thrust de
veloped depends not only
upon the amount of substance
jettisoned, but on the velocity
of the jet. In other words, the
propulsive force is proportion
ed to the rate of mass flow
and to the velocity with which
the mass is thrown. This fact
provides the engine designer
with an opportunity to trade
mass for velocity when the
nature of the voyage indicates
a preference in one direction
or the other, the compromise
posing a choice between large
thrust of short duration or
low thrust of long duration.
Chemical engines, such as
those that launch satellites,
eject mass, measured in tons
per minute, at velocities up
ward of 10,000 feet per sec
ond for short duration thrusts
amounting to millions of
pounds. Forces on this scale
are essential for blasting multi-ton
vehicles into space. But
once in orbit the need for
great thrust disappears. The
vehicle then moves in an al
most frictioniess environment.
Thereafter, sustained thrust
of low force may best serve
the navigator's objective and
dictate an engine of radically
differing design.
Several are already on test
in the laboratory, Dr. Gian
nini states. Unlike the chemi
. cal engines, in which the en
ergy source and the mass re
quired for propulsion are com
bined in the fuel, the new
engines rely for energy on
electric generators and on a
light gas, such as hydrogen,
for the mass.
Two Problems
"The developers of electri
cal propulsion systems face
two problems," says Dr. Gian
nini. "One is to develop
sources of electrical energy
that are sufficiently light; the
other is to feed the energy
into the propellant in such a
way as to provide higher ex
haust velocities than are now
. attainable. The second of
these problems has been solv
ed, at least in the laboratory.
One method takes advantage
of the electrical conductivity
of the gas stream that can
be produced by an electric
arc. Streams of gas can be
readily heated to between 20,-
000 and 30,000 degrees if., to
produce proportionately high
exhaust velocities.
"As to power sources, the
nicture is much less clear.
Chemical batteries would ap
pear to be out of the question.
The process of converting
chemical energy into electri'
cal energy and then into ener
gy of motion is not likely to
be competitive with the single
conversion carried out by
chemical rockets. I
From Nuclear Sources ;
"Inevitably, then, the en
ergy will have to come from
nuclear sources. Here there
are only a few possibilities.
One would be a nuclear pow
er plant; a fission reactor driv
ing a turbogenerator. These
are heavy installations and
would be suitable only for a
large vehicle that was blasted
free of the earth s gravity by
a chemical booster. Alterna
tively, sunlight, itself a prod
uct of nuclear processes, could
be substituted for convention
al nuclear fuel. Outside the
atmosphere sunlight delivers
a steady stream of energy
amounting to more than a kil
owatt per square yard. This
could be collected by a light
weight parabolic reflector and
focussed on a steam boiler
for driving the turbogenera
tor. Finally, it is possible that
sufficient energy could be
converted from sunlight di
rectly into electricity by solar
batteries."
Until adequate energy
sources have been developed,
however, electrical propulsion
in space must remain specu
lative, according to Dr. Gian
nini. "So far as propulsion
..units themselves are concern
ed " he declares, "we can al
ready build them lo perform
beyond the requirements of
any space mission presently
envisioned."
LIVESTOCK FEED
Des Voines - About 85 per
cent of the multi-million bush
el corn crop in a normal year
is used to feed livestock .
STAMPS l'
Jcreen
ISTAMPSl
PIGGLY WIGGLY
jjj' jwps
PIGGLY WIGGLY
jW jjtjj
stamps!
T0P
QUALITY FOODS LOW, LOW PRICES;
If you're looking for savings this weekend, then shop Piggiy Wiggiy. You'ii
find special vaiues in every department of the store . . . and Piggiy Wiggiy's
everyday low prices plus the added bonus savings of S & H GREEN STAMPS
make your food doiiars go farther.
Star-Kist
Tuna Fish
Premium quality chunk style.
No, 12
1 1 Flour
vShortenin
f Morsels
rsI
stamps! EHa
m 1
Introducing AROEN'S
Flavor Fresh
Cottage Cheese
IOC
pint
Save on
Broken Shrimp
For salads or cocktails
$00
X 3T5'V m
m
AVl-QZ.
f tins
Occident flour is
especially enriched,
afi-purpose ffour.
lbs.
Cream Flake
vegetable shortening
limit one Jin,
pieasej
Nestie's chocolate
bits for baking.
ffe, fin
12-.
pkgs.
$ i 00
S?ta on t
worse super ml
o "'Hviiuii;
There's . .
- no jf!f9ies to
3 for your free
entfy - , but hurry
2 PM. THtS
SATURDAY
ma
Enter Dele's uM$m Piaeapb" contest . , lalry feiaaks al Piggiy Wiggiy
KEUOGG'S
Nd. VA tins Siiced,
if oiioaas Cereals
C!l .1. TO 3H PACKAGE
Pineapp
Pineapple Juice
Orange Juice
SI 00
No. 2J5 tins Chunk,
Crushed or Tidbits,
Doie's
Minute Msid
fresh-froren
- mi
M J.8. instant
Coffee
79c
Fui!-bodied ffavor.
6-Oz,
Jar
Aft Grinds
MJ.B. COFFEE
tLimit one tin, pfease.
2-ib.
tin
17
i ma
mM tins i
Jl stoo
Piggiy Wlggfy Beffer Meats
Lamb Roast-'
Tender, de&iout ifsoa!dof roasts
cut from Armour Star Oregon-grown
iSm fancy iambs. Use the handy recipe
for an easy-fo-preoare
, meaf your whole fam-
FREE
RAIN HAT
CARRYING CASE-KEY CHAIN
WITH
Pepsodent
ADULT REG. PRICE
TOOTHBRUSH 69
Rupert's 1 4-ox. Pkg.
FfSH STICKS
59c 39c pkg.
Free Samples Fri. & Sot.
Table Tested Shorty
FRENCH FRIES
Jumbo size 39c
29c
48-bog pockoge
i Vi-lb Poiy Bog
Reg. 37e W
for
89c
PEPSI
6 Pk 49c
Piggiy Wiggiy Fresher Produce
Free Samples Saturday
mm
Pius
Deposit
n
Large Crisp Solid Heads
LETTUCE
2:15c
Ivalon Sponges
Kai Kan Tuna for Cats 4te4Se
V4-fb. package 39c
Black Tree Tea
M.J.8.
Quick While Rice
Sunshine
Krispy Crackers
Cup Custards
Sunshine Cookies
Sunshine Candy
Easter Eggs
65c
24-oz. package 45C
Mb. package 2SC
package 490
V ifyi enjoy. ? ) Jf &Sg7 &
il I u I fkV'tHiHf spare cut srsulber rqst i i
forirtkit temb with o!t one! ipsppwc Pian
Cok (r 37Si90 ovtn fof abouf 3 hourj, Ts
iishifv iwewn ep tidt f Ismb remove Hd ond
cook for ofisrher 20 la 30 mSnuJc.
K
Wisife quantities iast , , ,
Umh for stew , 10c
Serve with barbecue saute
Lamb Rlblels , 19c
,4, Oregon iamb
T-
0
4
Celfo package
39c
Shoulder Chops
Round bone tbopi or
Lamb Rib Chops
Ah.
Ah.
Oxydol, Tide, Cheer, Duz,
Dreff, Ivory Snow or
ivory Flakes
Handy washday helpers,
Giant size pkg. each
SeneieM
Lamb Roasts
... lh.
-, jrtt sk tht
49c
59c
69c
Armour Star
Boneless
HAMS
There's no waste mih
a borsfiiess ram.
ifa.
89
Sbank
Seroi-Boneiess
HAMS
49c
79
Pa Golden Crisp
I CARROTS
M Fancy New Crop Vallencia
ORANGES
m
Juicy Sweet Arizona Red
11 GRAPEFRUIT
8
U.S. No. 2
KLAMATH
RUSSET
POTATOES
1100
10-Jb,
Cello
Bags
1 lAfiisX J 7 -J t 'L a. ZJf "'A"
mm
ib. ceiio
bag
Stewart at King Streets-Acres of Free Parking
Pritet elfetttve Mofth 23, 24 oni 2S. We reserve As gh lo limit juanties.
SHOP TONIGHT Tli 9 P.M,
Oasft Detergent paJ3c
Ivory Liquid 23-b?., bailie
69c
Liquid Joy
GamaySsap 3S.35S
GaraaySsap 2t3Se
PersoaaUvery 4 236
Mediant Ivory
Large Ivory 2 tera3Se
Lava Soap
Zest Soap
2tr 27e
IraSn
bars
43c
Mr. Clean
-Handy nouseteW
heSper for your
spring dssning.
boll io 3
Spic and
Span
ForwaHsrsd '
' woodwork
X 99c
Comet
Cleanser
fissi- for'y5"
regular f
35'