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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (June 6, 1960)
8 B MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFOHD. ORE. MONDAY. JUNE 6, 1960 f What Is The Law? Thii column U prepared as a public service by the College of Law, Willamette University. Salem, to explain basic legal principles, not to provide legal advice The reader is cautioned not to apply these cases to his own problems without an attorney's advice, ior differing facts may change the outcome. . Slate Rights in ' Regulating Railroads The State of Arizona brought an action against the Southern Pacific Railroad for violation of the Arizona Train Limit Law which made it un lawful to operate within the state a train of more than fourteen passenger cars seventy freight cars. The Southern Pacific admitted its violations of the statute, but claimed the law was uncon stitutional under the com merce clause of the U.S. Con dilution, which confers upon the U.S. Congress the power to regular interstate com merce. Arizona attempted to uphold the statute as a valid exercise of its police power, claiming that the statute was necessary as a safety measure to protect train crews . from the injuries often caused by the "slack action" of long trains. The United States Supreme Court held the Arizona law ' Invalid on the ground that it imposed an undue burden on Inter state commerce. The Court stated: "At present the seventy freight car laws are enforced only in Arizona and Oklahoma. The record here shows that the enforcement of the Arizona statute results in freight trains being broken up and reformed at the Cali fornia Border and in New Mexico, some distance from the Arizona line. Frequently it is not feasible to operate a newly assembled train from the New Mexico yard nearest to Arizona, with the result that the Arizona limitation governs the flow of traffic as far cast as El Paso, Texas. For similar reasons the Arizona law often controls the length of trains all the way from Los Angeles to El Paso." Ever since the case of Gib bons vs. Ogden, decided by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1824, the Court has held that the states have no authority to impede interstate commerce substantially because of the necessity for national uni formity in the regulation of interstate commerce. In each case the Court must balance the burden on interstate com merce as against the end sought to be achieved by the state, i.e., to protect the health, safety, or morals of its citizens through the exer cise of the state police power. The commerce clause has been held to invalidate the following state enactments: fixing the number of cars In an interstate train and the number of passengers in each car; ordering an interstate railroad to detour its through passenger trains for the bene fit of a small city; command ing trains to stop at all junc tions; and ordering at least one passenger train a day to stop in every village having a post office and 200 inhabitants. A reasonable exercise of state police power has gener ally been upheld though it to some extent affected inter state commerce. Thus, a state may license trainmen in order to Insure their competence; prescribe the size of crews manning Interstate trains; lim it the speed of trains within the city limits; require an in terstate railroad to eliminate grade crossings; and pass lo cal quarantine laws applicable to goods moving in interstate commerce. In the Southern Pacific case, the Court felt that the total effect of the Arizona Train Limit Law as a safety measure was insufficient to outweigh the national inter est in keeping interstate com merce free from serious interference. tfs -J W . 9' f ?Mf 11, i , .- I CATHEDRAL'S BIRTHDAY Famed St. ing but only one look is needed in this Paul's Cathedral in London will be 250 view. The alert photographer snapped the years old on June 7. Most American tour- Cathedral us it is reflected in a simp win- ists look at least twice at the famed build- dow, right. (UPI Telephoto) St. Paul's Cathedra!, Symbol Of Britain, Ends 2 a ear London -(UP0- Two-hun- dred-and-fifty years ago June 7 a workman laid the last stone of the present St. Paul's Cathedral, cherished by Bri tons and loved by American tourists. The cathedral in the heart of London has become a sym bol of Britain. It has stood through two-and-a-half cen turies of turbulent history, and only just escaped destruc tion in World War II. The first 444-year-old St. Paul's burned down in the oo THURSDAY THROUGH SUNDAY, JUNE 9-12 10 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. Thuri. & Sat. 10 a.m. to 9 p.m. Friday 1 p.m. to 5 p.m. Sunday ADMISSION FREE! MEDFORO SHOPPING CENTER Eiir Jackson Blvd. at Biddla Road Does this modern way of living offer YOU any advantages? Come find out. See more than 60 new mobile hornet and travel trail en. AN new interiors. Interesting built - in conveniences Bring your questions. Get the answers Four days only Which day will you prefer? PACIFIC TRAILER SALES WALKER THE WEEPER TRAILER SALES SOUTHERN OREGON TRAILER MART POOLE'S TRAILER MART ANDERSON'S TRAILER SALES H & B TRAILER SALES "UllHlllllMl Great Fire of lfififi, which des troyed much of London. Just before the fire, King Charles II asked architect Sir Chris topher Wren to redesign the cathedral which was in a bad state of repair after lislitning struck it several times. After the fire Wren began turning his ideas into stone. He amended his earlier and unorthodox plans of a one story cathedral without aisles or clock and bell towers. Finest Example Rebuilding began in 1675, and when completed in 1710. St. Paul's was the finest ex ample of Renaissance architec ture in England. ' The cathedral is built in the shape of a cross, crowned with a huge dome which rises to a lantern-shaped peak. The cross at the very top stands 369 feet above the pavement. Steps lead up to the impres sive western- face, with a portico of 12 double columns and another eight columns above. Over all this is a pedi ment containing a sculpture by Francis Bird of the conver sion of St. Paul. The clock and bell towers rise on either side of this front. St. Paul's survived World War II, but just barely. At the end of the war only six attic windows had any glass left in them. Bombs had demolished the north transept and the sanctuary and b'2 incendiary bombs had fallen on or beside the cathedral. Restoration took a long lime. By ljjt) on.y ui.: n.... transept still had to be com- sleep better better plelcd - and this isn't finished yet, St. Paul's Is the resting place of many famous men, in cluding Wren, Lord Nelson and the Duke of Wellington. St. Paul's often is described as "the parish church of the British Commonwealth' but it has strong American con nections, too. Roll of Honor Presented On July 4, 1951, Gen. Eisen hower presented the Dean of St. Paul's, W. R. Matthews. wilh a Roll of Honor contain ing over 23,000 names of Americans who lost their lives during World War II while based in Britain. This Role of Honor is now in the American Memorial Chapel, which was completed in 13511. The chapel was dedi cated Nov. 26, 1958 to "The American dead of the Second World War from the people of Britain." Queen Elizabeth II and Vice-President Richard Nixon were at the service. Queen Mother Elizabeth will attend a festival service June 7 to commemorate the 2501 h anniversary of St, Paul's As the cathedral's press ad visor observed: "St. Paul's is an international shrine." AIR CONDITION ! Say goodbye to miserable, sleepless nights . . . eliminate hot, uncomfortable days . . . with modern air conditioning. You'll sleep better and feel better in an air conditioned home this summer. Stay cool and de-humidified... and get almost complete protection from summer dust and pollen. Ceds Term Hixon Enemy of Peace Moscow - IIIPII - The Com munist press Saturday aimed a broadside at Vice President Richard M. Nixon as an en emy of peace. There was no mention of Premier Nikita S. Khrushchev's vitriolic attack on President Eisenhower. The Communist party paper Pravda coupled a denuncia tion of Nixon with a report of favorable foreign reaction to Khrushchev's latest disarma ment proposals. However, western observ ers in the Soviet capital said tile disarmament message Krushchev wanted to empha size nt his rare Kremlin press conference Friday may have been lost on the world due to I his denunciation of Eisen- liower as a "dangerous" Prcs , idenl. Prnvda's attack on Nixon was labeled "the dirty work of Mr. Nixon." It attacked his recent speech before the SEATO conference in Wash ington. Nixon's provocative activi ties ax;iinst peace are now clearer to all people, includ ing the U.S. people." Pravda said. THERE'S NO PLACE LIKE A HOME! ill YOUR CAlORt IIKIRICAI LEAGUE DiMR For o Complete Sejertion of Modern Air Conditioners V f i o . i ore f ) WE FILL ALL PRESCRIPTIONS R with ifailing accuracy from fresh stocks of pure, ,-olent druqs. 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