Medford mail tribune., October 19, 1958, Image 12

12 MAIL TRIBUNE. Medford, Oreeen, Sunday, October 1, 1938
Ilbft Meosnflires'
ODimed
The following explanations of the 13 ballot measures on
which Oregonians will vote Nov. 4 are adapted from the
Voters Information" bulletin, compiled by the League of
Women Voters of Oregon. They are reproduced here with the
permission of the League. A few minor changes have been
made in the interests of brevity, or to include information
not available to the League at the time the bulletin was pre
pared. The number in parenthesis beside the ballot title is
the ballot number.
Fixing State Boundaries (1)
PURPOSE:
To amend Section I, Article XVI of the Constitution of
the State of Oregon. Repeals obsolete constitutional provi
sions describing state boundaries in the Columbia River be
tween Oregon and Washington. Authorizes modifying of ex
isting state boundaries by interstate agreement with the ap
proval of Congress.
EXPLANATION:
When Oregon and Washington were admitted as states,
the boundaries between them was described in terms of the
channels and islands as they then existed. Many of these early
landmarks have shifted as much as a mile. The new bound
ary changes will be defined in terms of longitude and lati
tude. Clarification of boundaries would eliminate confusion
in such areas as fishing rights and laws, workman's compen
sation and insurance, and collection of taxes. This measure
is the result of two years of study and agreement by the Ore
gon and Washington State Commissions on Interstate Coop
eration and has legislative approval of both the states.
ARGUMENTS FOR:
Our boundaries in the Columbia River should be estab
f lished so thev do not shift with the changing currents.
ARGUMENTS AGAINST:
There seems to be no organized opposition to this measure.
Increasing Funds for War Veterans' Loans (2)
PURPOSE:
To amend sections 1 and 3, Article XI-A of the Constitu
tion of the State of Oregon. This would make it possible to
increase from 4 per cent to 6 per cent of the assessed valua
tion of all the property of the state as the maximum limita
tion on the amount of state bonds that may be issued to raise
funds to make farm and home loans to World War II and
Korean War veterans.
EXPLANATION:
The amendment would increase the bonding limit for
Veterans loans from 4 per cent to 6 per cent. It is estimated
that this would make $45,000,000 more available at 1956
assessment rates, which were in effect when the legislature
was considering the bill. In the meantime, there has been a
sharp increase in total assessed valuations in the state. Mult
nomah County's jump to 100 per cent valuation caused most
of the increase. It is estimated that this increase alone will
make $54,000,000 more available for veterans loans without
increasing the debt limitation to 6 per cent.
ARGUMENTS FOR:
1. The present limitation is insufficient to fulfill all the re
quests for loans. Applications average about 300 a month
and as of July 7, 1958 there was a backlog of 1500 appli
cations on file.
2. To date this program has been self -supporting. The contin
uing difference between the cost of borrowing money and
the interest rate received on mortgage loans has enabled
the Department of Veterans' Affairs to meet all financial
obligations. Loan payments received by the department
go into a revolving fund which provides money for more
loans. .
3. An increase in the limitation would be beneficial to the
economy of the state by creating additional employment.
ARGUMENTS AGAINST:
1. The intent of the 1957 legislative assembly was to increase
funds for Veterans' loans. After August 15, 1958 assessed
valuation in the state will be higher. This will provide
enough extra money for loans to veterans so that the per
centage need not be increased from 4 per cent to 6 per
. cent. -"
'2. The extent of state activity in this field should not be in-
creased. Such activity by the state is an unwarranted inva
sion of an area normally reserved for private enterprise.
Salary Increase for Legislators (3)
PURPOSE:
I To amend Section 29, Article IV of the Constitution of the
tate of Oregon by increasing the salaries of state legislators
from $600 to $1200 per year and removing the phrase "no
other personal expenses."
EXPLANATION:
This amendment would double the present salaries of our,
tate legislators. On the basis of the last regular session and
the special session they received about $8.00 a day for their
work. This is considerably less than paid by any of our neigh
boring states. They have had no raise since 1950.
The elimination of the phrase "no other personal ex
penses" would make it possible for the legislators to pass a
bill allowing expenses in addition to their salaries. This is a
common practice in many states.
ARGUMENTS FOR:
1. Legislative duty entails much expense and, necessarily,
neglect of, the legislator's private employment or profes
sion. Often his work does not end with the close of a ses-
lion. He may be required to serve on an interim committee
and often works with various civic organizations interest
J ed in public affairs. He must always be available to his
individual constituents. He receives no additional salary
for special sessions.
Six hundred dollars ($600.00) is inadequate compensation
for the amount of time required by the job today. Higher
pay for legislators would make it possible for many more
public spirited citizens, who do not have substantial pri
vate incomes, to serve the state. Low pay tends to limit
legislative membership to the more prosperous or to the
representatives of special interests.
Twelve hundred dollars (S1200.00) would meet only the
minimum living expenses-board and room-which are very
conservatively figured at $10.00 per day. The rise in the
cost of living since 1950, when the $600 amount was au
thorized, justifies an increase.
ARGUMENTS AGAINST:
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1. Legislators know what salary they would receive when
they file for office. Their chief motive for running should
be the opportunity for public service and not financial
gain.
2. Increased compensation will not necessarily attract better
qualified legislators, but could attract ' people interested
only in the higher salary.
3. Salary increases are not feasible at this time because of
the rising cost of state government. $54,000 additional
would be required.
Capital Punishment (4)
PURPOSE:
To repeal Sections 37 and 33, Article I of the Constitution
of the State of Oregon.
EXPLANATION:
If this measure is passed, the provision for punishment of
murder in the first degree will be taken out of the constitu
tion and put into the general body of laws of the state. It will
give the Legislature power to change the law without a spe
cific vote of the people. The repeal of the death sentence will
automatically put into effect House Bill 355. which provides
life imprisonment for the verdict of first degree murder. Pro
visions for parole by an unanimous vote of the State Board
of Parole and Probation, after the condemned has served at
least 15 years of the sentence, is also made. The death penalty
can still be imposed if a murderer, under sentence of life im
prisonment, commits another murder while imprisoned.
ARGUMENTS FOR:
1. Many prison wardens and students of penology feel that
the death penalty does not deter murder..
2. No jury or witness is infallible and an innocent person
may be executed. Juries are often reluctant to bring in a
verdict of first degree murder because of the death penalty.
3. The proposed amendment would remove, from the gover
nor, the burden of the final decision for life or death for
an individual convicted of first degree murder. '
ARGUMENTS AGAINST:
1. It is believed by many that the fear of the death penalty
is a decided deterrent to murder.
2. Certain criminals can never be rehabilitated and therefore
are a menace to society and a burden to the taxpayer.
3. As an elected official, a governor is merely carrying out
the requirements of the Oregon Constitution.
Financing Urban Redevelopment Projects (5)
PURPOSE:
To amend the Constitution of the State of Oregon by cre
ating a new section to be added to and made a part of Ar
ticle IX.
EXPLANATION:
This amendment allows the amount of increase in the
property tax produced to 'be used to pay off the" costs of the
redevelopment project instead of going into the general fund
of the taxing district.
ARGUMENTS FOR:
1. Substandard neighborhoods are costly to the community.
Other taxpayers now pay the difference between the taxes
collected from these neighborhoods and the cost in serv
ices to them (such as police, fire, sewers, etc.). Renewal or
redevelopment projects would increase valuation of prop
erty. -
2. Passage of HJR 36 is necessary to allow the use of the ad
ditional revenue received through the increase in valua
tion resulting from redevelopment for payment of the debt
incurred in carrying out the projects .
3. Existing tax revenues are protected during the payout pe
riod. After the bonds are retired the increase will be add
ed to the yearly revenues of the taxing body concerned.
ARGUMENTS AGAINST:
1. Properties of high valuation invariably assume a larger
portion of the tax load than those of lower valuation.
There is no actual assurance of increased revenue.
2. This provision for using tax monies is discriminatory be
cause it does not allow other taxing districts to use the
same method of debt payment. :
3. Projects, such as redevelopment, should be financed
through the taxing district's budget.
Modifying County Debt Limitation (6)
PURPOSE:
To amend Section 10, Article XI of the Constitution of the
State of Oregon.
EXPLANATION:
Section 10 now limits county bonded indebtedness to
$5,000 except to repel invasion, suppress' insurrection or to
maintain permanent roads. Passage of this amendment auto
matically puts into effect House Bill 530, enacted by the 1957
Legislature, which provides that the aggregate bonded in
debtedness of any county shall not exceed 2 per cent of the
true cash value of the taxable property in the county. At pres
ent, Section 10 sets a limitation of 6 per cent of county as
sessed valuation for road bonds, and makes no provision for
other bonding. Passage of the amendment -would require the
Legislature to set forth the purposes for which counties could
bond. - ...
ARGUMENTS FOR:
1. It is unfair to allow a county to bond only for purposes of
invasion, insurrection or to maintain roads. Counties need
the ability to bond for necessary capital improvements
(sewers, court house, etc.). With passage of this amend
ment the Legislature would set forth the purposes for
which bonding would be allowed. At present, capital im
provement must be provided from the operating budget.
Counties with small budgets are seriously hampered by
this. . . : ,
2. House Bill 530 provides for the use of true cash value as
the basis for bonding limitation. This means that all county
bonding would be treated equitably in spite of assessment
practices which are not uniform.
ARGUMENTS AGAINST:
1. This amendment is unnecessary because the Constitution
already provides adequate methods whereby counties may
obtain funds over and above their budgets.
2. Two per cent of true cash value is higher than the 6 per
cent of assessed valuation presently allowed in Section 10,
Article XI of the Oregon Constitution as a limitation on
bonds incurred by counties for permanent roads. This
makes the bonding limit too high.
Special Grand Jury Bill (7) "
PURPOSE:
To repeal Section 18, Article VII (Original) of the Consti
tution of the State of Oregon, and to amend Section 5, Article
VII (Amended).
EXPLANATION:.
This amendment has two purposes:"
1. To eliminate duplicating sections of the Constitution, cre
ated by error in 1927, and to place all references to juries
in one section of the Constitution;" and
2. To make it possible to have two grand juries called in one
county at the same time.
ARGUMENTS FOR:
1. It is, in part, a "housekeeping" measure to eliminate "dead
wood" in the Constitution and make it more sensible.
During the recent vice investigations in Multnomah coun
ty the regular grand jury was so occupied with one series
of events, it lacked time to process routine criminal cases,
thus in effect denying accused persons of their right to a
speedy trial. This amendment will make it possible for two
grand juries to be called under extraordinary circumstances.
ARGUMENTS AGAINST:
No adverse arguments have been made known.
Authorizing Different Use of State Institutions (8)
PURPOSE:
To amend the constitution of the State of Oregon, repeal
ing Sections 1 and 3, Article XIV of the Constitution of Ore
gon and substituting sections relating to institutions outside
Marion County have to be ratified by a vote of the people.
The Legislature can now provide such changes for institu
tions inside Marion County without going to ihe people.
ARGUMENTS FOR:
This would allow the Legislature to determine the use or
function or discontinuance of an institution "located outside
Marion County, so that when the needs change, proper action
could be taken. .
ARGUMENTS AGAINST:
There teems to bi no organization opposition-to this
measure.
Temporary Appointment and Assignment
Of Judges (9)
PURPOSE:
To amend the Constitution of the State of Oregon by add
ing a new section to be made a part of Article VII. This
amendment authorizes the Supreme Court to appoint tempo
rary judges to the Supreme Court and lower courts and to
assign lower court judges to serve temporarily outside of the
district for which they were elected.
EXPLANATION:
If this amendment is passed., the Supreme Court may ap
point retired judges or judges of the lower courts as tempo
rary members of the Supreme Court; appoint members of the
bar as temporary judges in courts inferior to the Supreme
Court; and assign judges of inferior courts to serve tempora
rily outside the districts for which they were elected. Any
judge or member of the bar so appointed or assigned would
have all the judicial powers and duties of a regularly elected
judge of the court to which he is assigned or appointed.
ARGUMENTS FOR:
1. The Supreme Court docket appears to be about three years
behind schedule. Additional judicial help is imperative to
relieve the crowded court dockets, or "Justice delayed is
justice denied." -
2. Some circuit and district judges carry a light work load.
Allowing them to serve temporarily outside their own dis
trict would enable the districts with a crowded docket to
keep abreast of their calendars.
ARGUMENTS AGAINST:
1. There is a need to increase the membership of the Oregon
Supreme Court. The solution of the problem should be per
manent, not temporary. In the long run permanent judges
would be a better solution than a shifting bench of tempo
rary members. ' ,
2. Some states require opinions only when a lower court is
reversed. This is not permissible in Oregon. The number
of opinions required of the Oregon Supreme Court should
be limited so less work would be required. Temporary
appointments are not the solution. .
State Power Development (10)
PURPOSE:
To amend Section 2, Article XI-D of the Constitution of
the State of Oregon. Empowers the state to acquire and de
velop water, thermal and nuclear power generating facilities.
State may develop electrical energy for transmission and
sale on wholesale basis or directly to industries using 10,000
kilowatts or more.
EXPLANATION:
Article XI-D now enables the state of control and develop
its hydrolectric power resources. This amendment authorizes
the Legislature to do all things necessary to carry, out the
provisions of Article XI-D. It is a bipartisan sponsored at
tempt to reach agreement on how the state is to get into the
power business. It would allow the state to buy electric ener
gy from the Federal Government but avoid competition, in
retail sales, with private power companies and Public Utili
ties Districts. - . .
The preference clause in the Bonneville Power Act speci
fies that federally-generated hydro power be sold first to
"public bodies," such as cooperatives and gpvernment-owned
agencies. Because the state of Washington has many systems
which have such priority, and Oregon depends chiefly upon
private distribution, the bulk of federally-produced power is
not now available to Oregon.
ARGUMENTS FOR:
1. Oregon could obtain more Federal power or could gene
rate power through its own state agency.
2. Direct sales of electricity to large users would make cheap
er power available to industry.
3. Since the state would be prohibited from retail selling,
competition with private power would be avoided.'
ARGUMENTS AGAINST:
1. The state should not enter the power field.
2. Sizable users would be made favored customers at the ex
pense of the ordinary consumer.
3. Limitation of power sales to the wholesale level unduly
restricts tne state in the field of electrical energy.
County Home Rule Amendment (11)
PURPOSE:
To repeal section 9a, Article VI of the Constitution of the
State of Oregon and to amend the Constitution of the State
of Oregon by creating a new section to be added to and made
part of Article VI. .
EXPLANATION:
Passage of this amendment would authorize the legisla
ture to set up a method whereby the voters in any county
may adopt a charter to provide for the exercise of authority
over matters of county concern. Initiative and referendum
powers also are reserved to the legal voters of counties adopt
ing charters. Section 9a, which would be repealed, now pro
vides for the county manager form of government.
Charter adoption is not obligatory, but any charter adopt
ed must prescribe the organization of the county government.
and provide for the number, election or appointment, qualifi
cations, tenure, compensation, powers and duties of such offi
cers as are deemed necessary. The charter may not affect
judges m their judicial capacity, justices of the peace nor
district attorneys.
ARGUMENTS FOR:
1. Oregon's county government was developed 100 years ago
for a rural economy and is not flexible enough to meet
the demands of today. All counties should not be forced to
operate under the same form, for counties of small popu
lation do not need the same kind of government as large
counties which are both rural and urban.
2. County government is largely a matter of administration
and the present form lacks any clear focal point of respon
sibility. County commissioners have little control over
other elected officials. The increased duties required of
counties by the state and federal governments point up
the weakness of the present form. Oregon cities under
home rule charters can determine their form of govern
ment and municipal functions. Counties should have the
same privilege. Adoption of a charter would give a county
freedom to handle its own affairs and thus remove a heavy
burden from the legislature.
3. Local governments should be .competent to determine their
own needs. Voters should have the right to select locally
what structure their county needs, what powers it should
have and what officials it requires.
4. Many county officials feel that the rigidity of the present
, form of county government prevents conscientious officials
from handling county problems and forces them to go to
the state or fe'deral government for, solutions. Such cen
tralization is undesirable. Reorganization of county gov
ernment would enable counties to concentrate responsibil
ity, operate more efficiently, and give services at lower
cost.
ARGUMENTS AGAINST:
1. Counties exist only as creatures of the state and have no
need of powers such as cities utilize.
2. County functions are not sufficiently interralted to bene
fit by change of structure. The present form works satis
factorily. It is up to the voters to see that qualified people
. are elected.
3. Many people believe that voters do not know enough about
county government needs to make a wise choice in select
ing a new kind of government. They look to the state for
guidance.
4. The fundamental factors of county reform are not the
legal barriers. County officials do not want, or are indif
ferent to, organizational change. They prefer to utilize
legislative action in order to avoid assuming responsibility.
Discontinuing Certain State Tuberculosis
Hospitals (12)
PURPOSE:
To permit the Board of Control (Governor, Secretary of
State and State Treasurer), to discontinue using Eastern Ore
gon or University State Tuberculosis hospitals in whole or in
part as tuberculosis hospitals. The board could designate the
use of the property for any other state institution or agency.
EXPLANATION: .
Modern medicine has reduced the number of cases of
tuberculosis and has changed the type of care necessary in
many cases. Oregon has had 40 per cent fewer patienti in its
tuberculosis hospitals in the last three years, and there are
many empty beds. Experts agree that we no longer need use
of one of our three tuberculosis hospitals for that purpose as
long as tuberculosis continues to be controlled and cared for
through out-patient service.
ARGUMENTS FOR:
Since many of the beds in our tuberculosis hospitals are
empty it is only reasonable to consolidate patients and allow
the extra hospital to be used for some other more urgent
need.
ARGUMENTS AGAINST:
The Attorney General of Oregon has delivered an opinion
that this bill would be unconstitutional if passed. The opin
ion is based on Section 3, Article XIV of the Oregon Consti
tution which provides that "the change of use of an institu
tion outside of Marion County must be a legislative act rati
fied by the electors." The Attorney General believes that such
authorization may not be delegated to the Board of Control.
But note that passage of the constitutional amendment to be
voted on (see below) would eliminate this objection.
Persons Eligible to Serve in Legislature (13)
PURPOSE:
To amend Artivle XV of the Constitution of the State of
Oregon by adding a dew section. This initiative petition
amends the Oregon Constitution to permit employees or mem
bers of a schbol board or the Board of Higher Education to
serve as members of the Legislature.
EXPLANATION:
If this amendment is passed, employees or members of a
school board or of the Board of Higher Education may serve
as members of the Legislature without resigning from school
employment. At present a teacher may serve in the Legisla
ture if he takes leave of absence from his school duties. To
reenter the teaching profession he must resign from the Leg
islature and so cannot serve on interim committees, etc. This
is because a teacher as an employee of a school board, is an
employee of the administrative branch of the state govern
ment. As a legislator he is an employee of the legislative
branch. The constitution provides that no person can work
for two branches of the state government. At present, school
board members, members of the Board of Higher Education,
and employees must also resign their positions if they serve
in the Legislature. .
ARGUMENTS FOR:
1. The state loses the service of teachers on interim commit
tees since they have to resign from the Legislature in order
to go back to teaching when the session is over.
2. It is unfair that teachers have to resign and thus forfeit
half their legislative salary. They do the same work for
half the pay of other legislators at a session.
3. It is detrimental to the welfare of the state to deny public
school employees, school board members and employees
of the state system of high education full citizenship rights.
ARGUMENTS AGAINST:
1. Traditional safeguards of separation of powers in govern
ment will be lost if the same people can serve in both
legislative and administrative branches of the government.
2. School employees would be subject to much conflict of in
terest when voting on educational measures.
3. It is unfair to exempt school employees from this constitu
tional provision and not give other administrative em-
. ployees the same privilege.
Honorary President
Named for Society '
Cave Junction Amos Vor
hees, owner and publisher of
the Grants Pass Courier, was
made honorary president of
the Josephine County Histor
ical society at a meeting in
Kerby Wednesday night at the
Masonic hall.
Five directors named were
Dr. A. N. Collman, chairman;
Jack Sutton, John Valen, Mrs.
Earl Boyd and Sherman
Smith. The alternates. Harry
Floyd, Don Barnes and Roy
Wells were also named. The
first meeting of the board will
be Wednesday, Oct. 22, at
Kerby.
Vote For
Scott Hamilton
DEMOCRAT
y FOR
COUNTY JUDGE;
WILL WORK
FULL TIME FOR
JACKSON COUNTY
Adv. paid for by Jackson Coun
ty Democratic Central Commit
tee, James Redden, . Chmn.,
2246 Aloha ave. .
Gale Winds Wreck
Boat, Freighter
London (DPD Gale winds
wrecked a Russian fishing
boat , and a 3,041-ton Danish
freighter off northern Britain
early Friday, killing the Dan
ish captain and perhaps - a
number of others.
At latest reports, the Soviet
trawler SRT 4442 was break
ing up on jagged rocks off
the island of Unst in the Shet
lands, north of Scotland. Brit
ish rescue vessels had picked
up three survivors, but 13
others were believed to . be
still aboard ' the foundering
ship.
Radio reports said the cap
tain of the trawler had or
dered his men to remain
aboard as long as there was
a chance tne ooat mignt re
main afloat. Three men, how
ever, were found clinging to
rocks on the tiny Julm of
Scaw, an islet 500 yards off
the coast of Unst.
The Danish freighter Adler
Svanholm went down in the
North Sea about 70 miles off
the English coast after spring
ing a leak at the height of the
storm. .
Reports from the scene said
the British trawler Trinidad
had rescued the freighter's 25
crewmen and recovered the
body of the captain, who ap
parently had been washed
overboard.
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