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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (May 30, 1957)
WnXYU-MZDFOflD (OREGON) MAIL TRIBUNE Horticulturists See Growth Dn Winter Pear Popularity ' Corvallis Growing popularity tst Pacific coast winter pears among both consumers and re tailers is reported by two Ore gon State colleg horticulturists who returned recently from ob serving eastern pear markets. Grower-supported pear promo tion through the Oregon-Washington-California Pear Bureau received high praise by OSC horticulturists Henry Hartman and Elmer Hensen at the bur eau's annual meeting, May 23, at Portland. Hartman, professor emeritus at OSC, is known as "iha father of the winter pear n afluotry." &(BpsrYmani Needed Keed for continued improve- , monl in winter pear quality and promotion was stressed by the OSC team, however, to meet now competition for the eastern ? fruit 'market. Heavy imports of " lifh-quality Argentine pears in New York City, and rapid pro gress by midwest and eastern , orchrdists to improve quality to the flavorful Mcintosh apple r noted by Hartman and Henscn. iii commending the Pear Bur- etu's dvertising program, Han taan said it is "becoming increas- irgly apparent that supermarkets ro gotng to feature commodities that help put on promotion campaign." . Improved handling of pears, ana supermarkets' adoption of a 4Je3r-ripening program fostered by the Pear Bureau 10 years ago were also listed by the OSC team as fcey developments contribut ing to increased pouplarity of winter pears. JBeiail Market! Winter pears with a farm vafue of $20 to $25 million an nually in the three western states w hare prominence in retail njarkets with citrus, apples, and other less perishable fruits, the thf horticulturists stated. Pear Bureau fieldmen serv ice about SO major markets throughout the country, assist ing merchants with storage and display techniques to assure or derly ripening of pears.' The bureau, now in its 26th year, represents approximately 85 per cent of the Pacific coast's winter pear production of S or 7 mil lion boxes. Hartman said one major chain of east coast supermarkets has increased pear sales nearly 20 times since adopting the ripening program a few years ago. Coldp, storage pears from the Pacific coast states are put through special ripening rooms of super markets on careful schedule that assures a steady flow of ripened fruit for retail display. This re lieves homemakers of the neces sity of ripening pears at home. Increase Seen Another major food state chain reported a seven-flod increase in . pear sales in the past seven rears, using the ripening pro gram and tie-in promotion with the O-C-U Pear Bureau. While improved merchandis ing methods of s u p e rmarkets have contributed greatly to pear sales, Hartman cautioned the Pear Bureau not to overlook the small neighborhood store that has long dominated the re tail picture in large cities. The bulk of the population in such places as New York City still lives in congested areas and is not likely to be serviced soon by supermar kets, Hartman noted. He said some progress has been made in servicing such stores, but that it still remains a major problem of the pear in dustry to help, these numerous low-volume Stores improve pear merchandising. Pear Promotion New York City, typified by the neighborhood store, still receives Ml wmmmm GIB'GKU; r A DO II j i 2 POTENT CAPSULES ORDER AT ONCI LIMITED SUPPLY GIl'GRO MOW AVAILABLE AT MONARCH SEED fir FEED CO. 305 South Fir - Phone SP 2-5687 103 North Bortlett - Phono SP 2-2460 " BIG Y SEED & SUPPLY N. Pacific Hiway - Phono SP 3-3160 PACIFIC SEED & SUPPLY East 4th A Front - Phono SP 2-2413 about one-third of the Pacific I phere storage has been sparked coast s winter pear production. j by the experience that polyethy-Twenty-five years ago it was tak- lene bags are not completely ef ing more thjln three-fourths the I fective in prolonging "shelf life" production, Hartman said in I of pears. This has been especial pointing out how O-C-W pear j ly noticeable in attempts to im- promotion elsewhere in the country has broadened pear dis tribution. Need for western states to study possibilities of developing so-called "controlled atmos phere" storage plants was point ed out by Hensen who inspected some 20 to 25 plants during the trip east. Of the 100 controlled atmos phere plants now operating throughout the country, only one in California is west of the Miss issippi. Seventy-five are in New York state and are used for apple storage. Conversion of standard refrig erated storage into "controlled atmosphere"' plants to maintain low oxygen and high carbon di oxide ratios have extended stor age life of apples by four to six months beyond normal cold stor age life. Hansen said the method offers considerable promise for improv ing storage life of winter pears in preliminary trials at Oregon State college. S e v e ral experi- i mental controlled atmosphere rooms are included in the new b i o 1 o g i c al sciences building ! under construction at OSC and scheduled for completion this fall. Interest in controlled atmos- Recommendations For Pastures Given By Extension Agent Pastures have a way of shrink- of legumes in the field. Ladino ing after first lush growth of, clover and Birdsfoot Trefoil are spring, County Agent Earleitwp of the best, and they -will Jossy points out. Sometimes in mid-summer, it seems the cows can't find enough feed to keep them going without help from the haypile, he said. The obvious solution is to have more acres of pasture. The more practical answer is to get more feed from the pasture which is already available. Increase Production The county agent noted there are several ways to increase pro duction of pastures, and all of them together add up to good pasture management. "Probably one of the most important is to watch your irrigation," he said. Irrigate when the crop needs water, not too soon, and not too late. A way to determine when the crop needs water is to dig down with a shovel or use a soil auger. When you find the soil is crumbly 12-18 inches deep, it is time to irrigate. Waiting until the crops wilt reduces yields of pasture considerably." In some districts, where ir rigation water is on rotation basis, there is no choice but to irrigate when the water is avail able, he noted. In any event, the water should be left on the land long enough to fill the soil, and then it should be taken off. "Again check with the shovel or soil auger and when the soil is wet 2 to 3 feet deep turn the water off," Jossy said. Any ad ditional water will leech out plant food and if left on more than a day or so will start to rot off the little plant roots, he explained. Pastures need to be fed just as animals do. Proper irrigation alone will not produce a good pasture. It is also necessary to fertilize the fields. Usually the cheapest way of ecquiring nitro- ' gen is to keep a good percentage ! rt ij -maiajtu ctiui II AkJT JUST SPRAY FOLIAGE fcFREE Formulation COMPLETE ATOMIST IrrUUTOK ' GIBREL . Mtrck J. Co. Lictnior WITH HOME SIZE UNIIUMILE ONLY Z CAPSULES IN APPLICATOR MAKES ENOUGH SPRAY tt effectively treat dozens if plants t ill kinds iidtors Hd tut. Hjw raise nail (lads, kef nils, nuns, delphinium, phlox, daisies, carnations, rises, dahlias. tt. Thuridy. May SO. 1137 j prove the value of the Anjou pear as late season variety. Hart man and Hensen noted some in dication, however, that poly bags were prolonging the period of good dessert quality of B o s c pears. Effectiveness of poly bags to ex tend storage life was lessened when shippers learned that ex cessive build-up . of carbon di oxide in the bags was causing "brown core" in pears. Punctur ing of bags to prevent build-up of carbon-dioxide has helped overcome the brown core prob lem but has, at the same time, lessened effective storage life. Despite this shortcoming of poly bags Hartman and Hansen said they are gaining in pop ularity with pear buyers. Pears packed in poly bags were almost entirely free of wilt and mechan ical injury, the researchers stated. Also, the bags tend to re tard coloration of pears which, to some buyers at least, indicates longer market life. Hansen and W. M. Mellenthin, superintendent of OSCs Mid- Co lumbia branch experiment sta tion at Hood River, are conduct ing tests with both poly bags and plastic lined boxes in an at tempt to better regulate the carbon-dioxide. provide considerable nitrogen, it was explained. In order to feed the legumes, it is usually necessary to add phosphorus and sulphur. Sometimes some other elements are needed also but these are the two most common ly needed ones in this area. ' A heavy application of super phosphate will provide both sul phur and phosphorus and it is best applied in the fall, usually in, October. In pasture where grass is predominant and the clover is more or less on the thin side, it would probably be nec essary to add some nitrogen fer tilizer. , - Twenty to 40 pounds of actual nitrogen applied in the spring and again sometime during the summer would be desirable. This may be provided by 100-200 pounds of ammonium sulphate. Where pastures are well-balanced between legumes and grasses. 16-20-0 Ammonium Phos phate is a good fertilizer to use and should be applied in the spring (March or early April). A good rule to remember is legumes need sulphur and phos phorus grasses need nitrogen, Jossy said. Rotation of pastures is proven to be one way to make them yield considerably more than they will in any other way. It takes leaves to make grass and legumes grow. No one would go out and pick all the leaves off their little ' tomato plants and expect those plants to live. So there is no reason to allow the livestock to go out and pick all the leaves off of the pastures and expect those pastures to grow well, Jossy said. They're just like tomato plants and they need leaves to help them grow. Leaves are little factories which manufacture plant food and return it to the roots for storage and use. This makes strong roots which make for a healthy, fast-growing plant. Pas tures which have been .used on a daily rotation plan where the cattle were allowed to eat one day out of 20 have produced up to twice as much forage as these same pastures produced when the cattle were allowed to roam over them and eat here and there and wherever they felt like eating. Pastures which have reverted to common rye grass and white clover will always be low pro ducers. These should be plowed and reseeded to high producing varieties of forage plants. Akaroa Orchard Grass of Alta Fescue plus Ladino clover and or Bridsfoot Trefoil are long lived, high-yielding forage pro ducers in Jackson county. In order to get the top yields and to get the money back for fer tilizer and irrigation, it pays to put these pastures into the high yielding varieties of plants. Of course, in most cases, ..it j isn't possible to plow up all the pasture and reseed it in one year, the county agent noted. Many operators are taking a small percentage of the pasture and renovating it each year so that over a period of about 10 years all .'of the pastures are reseeded. It is usually desirable to plant these fields to grain or other annual crops for one or two years after plowing and before reseeding, in order to clean out the unwanted grass and forage plants in the area and also to kill out the weeds. Weeds j and Herbicides By RAY HUB BELL County Weed Control Supervisor Dyer's Weed, better known as Marlahan Mustard, was believed first found on the Marlahan ranch in northern California. Thus, it became known as Mar lahan Mustard. It grew unchecked in that area for a number of years and man aged to infest many acres of hay and grazing land. Today, it could very well be compared to the star thistle situation in Jack son county. Quite a lot of hay is hauled out of this Scotts Val ley area to dairy and cattle ranches all through the western part of Oregon. Scattered Infestation Marlahan Mustard seeds fall ing from these loads of hay have given Oregon a scattered infes tation on state and county road sides. A number of farms in Jackson county, upon which this hay was fed, have small infes tations. The control of Marlahan Mustard on roadsides and in feed lots is relatively easy with non selective sprays. Beyond these areas, Marlahan Mustard pre sents a real problem if not con trolled graze can easily infest this grazing area. Likewise, ma nure spread over farm or pas ture land from these cattle can also be a means of spreading these seeds. Could Present Problem Marlahan Mustard on fertile sil will grow to the height of four or five feet. Jt can be found on rocky washes and hills in a variety of stages, depending up on soil and moisture available. This is why Marlahan Mustard could present a problem if not controlled and the mountain grazing area become infested. Once Marlahan Mustard has been seen, it is very easy to dis tinguish from other mustards. It may be found growing any where,, while common types of mustard are more or less con fined to lower or agricultural areas. The flowers of Marlahan are an "off yellow" color com pared to other mustards and are all at the top of the plant. One might compare it with a parasol or a parachute. The leaf is sim ilar to mustard leaves inasmuch r.s they have lobes at the base which clasp the stem. The ,stem will have "purplish" streaks. Seed pods will hang on the up per portion of the plant between the flower and the main stem. These turn dark brown as they mature. It would be wise to destroy these plants before seed matur ity, either by spraying or pull ing and burning. Anyone know ing of Marlahan Mustart net be ing controlled in Jackson county is requested to call the county agent's office, giving location and other information. Weed Control Charts Reported Available Charts showing effective chemicals to use in controlof common weeds, resommended application rates and other in formation are available for local farmers at the county agents' office. Included in the chart are re commendations on control of miscellaneous brush, cattails, Canada thistle, dock, poison oak, quackgrass, Russian knapweed, ragweed, St. Johnswort, star thistle, tansy ragwort, tussock, white top, wild iris, wild garlic and wild morning glory. The charts describe when to spray as well as precautions to take in using the chemicals. The county agents' office is located on the basement floor of the courthouse. Conservation Group To Meet on June 6 Regular meeting of the Rogue Soil Conservation district will be held at 8 p.m. Thursday, June 6, in the county agent's office. C. W. Jensen, Rogue River, is chair man. A report is expected on use of the district's recently acquired two and one-half yard dump truck and crawler-type tractor which are in use for conservation projects. .Members of either the Rogue or Sams Valley-Beagle districts wishing to use the equipment may make arrangements by call ing their district offices, accord ing to County Agent W. B. Tuck er. Bentgrass Growers Told To Register by Monday Salem Highland bentgrass seed growers are advised by the state department of agriculture that they must register by June 3 to be eligible to vote in the up coming referendum on the pro posed commodity commission. Paul T. Rowell, market devel opment division chief with the department, has announced the referendum will be held from June 24 to June 28. Registration forms have been mailed to 368 growers whose 1956 production has been reported by seed clean ers to the department. Medford Poultryman Elected to Board Dunbar Carpenter, well-known Medford poultryman and fruit grower, was named second vice president of the Oregon Egg Pro ducers following the 37th annual meeting of the 4.200-member marketing and purchasing co operative held May 21 in Salem. Carpenter, who represents Jackson and Josephine county producers in the association's board of directors, was the only new officer named. Selected to serve for a second one-year terms were Fred Petersen, Junc tion City, president; Kelly Corn stock, Portland, first vice presi dent, and J. Clifford Hess, Rose burg, secretary-treasurer. Election Results Results of the elections for seven of the 13 positions on the board of directors were an nounced at the meeting's morn ing session. Carpenter was re elected to a third two-year term as director. Chosen from other districts were Petersen, Hess, Harlan Christensen, McMinn ville; Howard Hughes, Hillsboro; Merrill L. Jensen, Eugene, and D. L. St. John, Gervais. The 300 members and guests Vegetable, Fruit Inspections Increase Salem Figures just released by the state department of ag riculture show that vegetable and fruit inspections during the month of April at Oregon's federal-state shipping point districts totaled 3,305 cars. This is an increase of 1,222 cars inspected for grade certifi cation by the department as com pared to the 2,083 car total dur ing the same month one year ago. Totato shipments lead in in spections with 2640 cars checked during the month, an increase of 1,044 cars over the 1,596 figure compiled during April, 19o6. All commodities inspected for certification by the department during the month showld an in crease with the exception of ap ples. A total of 68 cars was in spected during April as compar ed to 108 cars a year ago. Pear shipments were second to potatoes during April with 473 cars inspected. This also is an increase over the same period last year when 284 cars were Shipped. Oak Leaf Minor Spraying Advised Home owners who have had trouble with oak leaf minor should spray for control cf this pest, according to Don Berry, county horticulture agent. White oaks are particularly su sceptible to attack by leaf minor, which causes the leaves to turn brown and fall during the sum mer. Oak trees which are severe ly affected by this pest, take on au overall sickly appearance and drop leaves during the summer. Both malathion and DDT are used for controlling oak leaf minor, aphis and some other pests on oaks at this time of year, Berry said. Three pounds each of DDT and malathion per 10L gallons should be used and the trees thoroughly sprayed. Swine Chain Started At Illinois Valley Cave Junction A swtne chain to provide projects for members of the Illinois Valley Future Farmers of America has been started by the Larro feed division of General Mills, Inc. The FFA purchased a gilt from member Clark England with the check recently receiv ed from the firm and the four-month-old sow is being cared for by Dick Strohkirch of Selma. When it farrows, one of the gilts will go to another boy in the club to continue the chain. The original pig and all other piglets are kept by the FFA owner. Grange Notes Central Point Father's day will be observed at the regular meeting of the Central Point grange Friday night, June 7. The lecture hour will start promptly at 8 p.m., fol lowed by the business meeting. A skit written and directed by Mrs. Scott Hamilton will be presented and the juvenile grange also will be on the pro gram. Dolls with h a p d - c rocheted dresses made by Mrs. Lloyd Mc Cashen will be sold. Lunch com mute members are Mr. and Mrs. Bert Castor, Mrs. Lucy Grissom, Everett Grissom and Mrs. Helen Johnson. Hungarians Allowed To Marry Foreigners Vienna OP) The Commu ist Hungarian government said today that Hungarians no longer need government consent to mar ry foreigners. The announcement broadcast by Budapest Radio also said for eign girls marrying Hungarians no longer will lose their foreign citizenship in Hungary. y , JI 1 &.$m. 5 I 1 . f I J " " r DUNBAR CARPENTER Second Vice President attending the meeting heard H. R. Rohe, general manager of the association predict better times ahead for Oregon poultrymen. Governor Signs Major Agriculture Bills This Year Salem A total of five bills which have a direct bearing on the department of agriculture were signed by the governor be for the legislature ended and a number of other bills affecting the department were passed and are awaiting the governor's sig nature. Here is a brief rundown of those signed which will be ad ministered by the department: Brand Inspection Brand inspection This per mits a downward adjustment in some brand inspection fees and also permits the department to lower fees for recording of live stock brands. It also brings full time livestock brand inspectors under the state civil service act. Meat dealers license License fees for slaughterhouses and re tail meat markets are halved to restore them to the pre-1 9 5 5 level of $50 and $10 respective ly. This will be effective on August 3, 1957. Poultry inspection Authoriz ation for ante mortem and post mortem inspection of poultry at plants which seek this service covers chickens, ,turkeys, and other domesticated birds and rabbits. Plants will pay monthly inspection fees to the depart ment, which will hire the vet erinary and law inspectors. Cities may maintain their own poultry inspection services, if approved by the state. Public grain warehouses This sets up department proced ures if a grain shortage is found, spells out how a public grain I i warehouse shall proceed if it dis-: continues operations, lists addi-! tional causes for which a license may be refused or revoked, and provides for the exception of grain not subject to public stor age. Weed Killers i Weed killer In the event of alleged damages from the use of i herbicides (weed killers) the department is authorized to in vestigate, examine and deter mine the ex'ent and nature of the damages. A second law, ef fective Jan. 1, 1958, amends the I legislation on creation and opera tion of chemical control districts to give all legal voters in a dis- j trict a voice in the hearings. referendum and organization of I a chemical control district. How- ever, only landowners are still entitled to petition for such1 areas. This also provides that levies in any protected area will I be on all property taxable for j state or county purposes, rather than on real property only. This amendment with respect to chemical control districts was introduced at the request of the state tax commission. YOUR TRIANGLE DEALER Can Help You. Get the Right Start for Your Chicks with TRIANGLE Chick Starter Rohe's statement was includ ed in his annual report which was presented at the. May 21 meeting. His forecast was based on U.S.D.A. statistics indicating that the hatch of egg-type chicks so far this year was more than 20 per cent under a year ago. U.S.D.A. figures also indicate a rather heavy liquidation of lay ers during the month of April. -Short Supply If their figures are anywhere near correct, Rohe stated that eggs should be in short supply during the last half of this year and the first part of 1958. Al though storage holdings are sub stantially higher than a year ago, prices should start advancing to higher levels by mid-summer. " This was encouraging news to poultrymen who have seen egg prices fall to the lowest level since prior to World War II. On Jan. 1, 1956 the price of Large AA eggs to local retailers was 66 cents per dozen. Within 30 days prices had plummeted 18 cents to 48 cents a dozen. After hovering around the 50 cent level for months, prices ad- I vanced to a fall high of 59 cents Car Inspections Expected to Drop Salem The year 1957-58 will see a smaller movement of fruits and vegetables from Oregon if the "guesstimates" made recent ly by federal-state shipping point supervisors are some what ac curate. These eight men sav a total of 33,430 cars will be inspected the coming year, which is 1,040 cars less than the estimated figure of 34,470 cars made one year ago. The figures given by the ship ping point supervisors are simp ly a look into the future via the crystal ball and are arrived at before all of the crops are plant ed and before weather condi tions and other growing hazards make their appearance, it was explained. Potato shipments, as usual, make up the biggest single por tion of this total given, with sup ervisors estimating 19,790 cars will be inspected the coming year. This figure would he the third highest in the past five years for movement of this com codily, and includes diversion in spections and reinspections. Walter D. Jensen, supervisor, estimates Medford will ship a total of 4,120 cars broken down as follows: pears, 4,000; onions, 50; potatoes, 20; peaches, 40; and plums and prunes, 10. This total would be the third highest in the past five years, if reached. Self Cleaning Tines Won't ball up with grass or sod. Ask For Demonstration in The Dirt At Our "Farm Store" Seo tho Tiller in Actual Operation Doing tho Samo Job You'll Ask It To Do. Jl This year feed for Extra Profit. Eretr though the season laat, yow Triangle dealer can show you how you can speed up ttj growth of your chicks . . . in plenty of time for a good start at the laying house this Fall. He'll beglad to explain the improved formula of Triangle Chick Starter which now contains TMC-37 and Bifuran, plus a perfect balance of proteins, vitamin and minerals ... a combination which gives you added life protection and amazingly rapid development for your chicks. Ask your dealer about it todav. Mash or Pellet form. rTr?lE in September and then declined to 48 cents at the close of the year. Since then prices have dropped still further. Egg department receipts to taled 6,203.610 dozen eggs in 1956 as compared to 5.033,040 dozen in 1955. This was an in crease of 23U per cent. New Record Set During 1956, a new record was set by the feed department with the production of 75,023 tons of feed, which was 714 per cent or 5.300 tons over 1955 pro duction. Since 1948, the associ tion has increased its feed out put by 80 per cent. A new all-time high in .gross dollar volume of business was also reached by the farm supply department. Sales in 1956 to taled 5412,246. a 25 per cent in crease over 1955 sales of $328, 536. The total dollar volume of business transacted through the 16 western Oregon branches of the Oregon Egg Producers dur ing 1956 passed the S9.900.000 mark. Members received a pa tronage refund of S61 1,405 which was paid in cash or its equivalent. Mosquitos Develop DDT Resistance Insecticides such as DDT, mal athion and chlorinated hydroc arbons can not be depended on to control mosquitos, according to the U.S.D.A. studies made in California. Mosquitos developed r e s i st a..ce to DDT as early as 1949. After 2V4 years use of malathion, many species of mosquito larvae as well adult females developed immunity. The culex tarsalis larvae wer. 20 to 30 times more resistant to malathion in Fresno county, where this chemical has been used extensively, than in pre viously untreated areas, the re port stated. The adults were 100 times more resistant than those from areas where malath ion was not used. This just indicates that the breeding groung must be drain ed off standing water, the soil leveled and sloped bordering j small reservoirs to prevent stag nant pools, it was pointed out. It requires some 10 days for the mosquito eggs to hatch. If sur face areas are drained the mos quito breeding ground will be destroyed. QUEEN TO REIGN Cave Junction A queen, to be selected by popular vota, will reign over the July 4 celebration planned for the Illinois valley by its three veterans groups, the Veterans of Foreign Wars, Vet erans of World War I and the American Legion. Contestants will attend a planning meeting at the Legion hall Friday, May 31, at 8 p.m. BIG 3 h.p. Engine! Springfield Rotary Tiller Nothing Else to Buy! Budget Terms If you so desireJ 6th & Bartlett 10th & So. Fir SOLO LOCALLY Y TO95 MORTON Milling Co. Medford, Oregon