Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989, October 19, 1956, Image 4

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Medford mail tribune., October 19, 1956, Image 4

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Newspaper Page TextTOOT MZDFORD (OREGON) MAIL TRIBUNE Tvryon In Southern Orefon R a Th Mau mount Published Daily Except Saturday by MZDFORD PRINTING CO. 27-29 North Fir St. Phong 2-6141 ROBERT W RUHL. Editor HERB GREY Advertising Manager GERALD LATHAM. Bualnasa Manager ERIC ALLEN JR.. Managing Editor EARL H ADAMS. City Editor HARRY CHIPMAN Telegraph Editor RICHARD JEWZTT Sport Editor OLIVE STARCHER. Society Editor DALE ERICKSON, Circulation Mgr. An Independent Newipapf Entered as second clasa matter at Medford Oregon, under Act of March 3. 1897 SUBSCRIPTION RATES By Mail In Advance: Per Copy 10c Dally and Sunday One year SIS 00 Daily and Sunday Six months 9 00 Dally and Sunday Three inn. 4.25 aundiv Only One year 14.20. By Carrier In Advance Medford, Ashland. Central Point. Eagle Point, Jacksonville. Gold Hill. Phoenix. Shady Cove. Rogue River. Talent. and on motor routes: Dally and Sunday One year $18 00 Dally and Sunday One month 1.50 uarner and Dealera 10c per copy All Terms Cash In Advance Official Paper of the City ef Med fore" wneiai fa per or Jackson county United Press Full Leased Wire MEMBER OF AUDIT BUREAU OF CIRCULATION Advertfsing Representative: WEST-HOLIDAY COMPANY INC Offices In New York Chicago, de- iroit. ban Francisco. Lot, Angeles. Seattle. Portland. St Louis Atlanta Vancouver. B.C. NATIONAL EDITORIAL ASpcfTLN 5" NEWSPAPER PUBLISHERS ASSOCIATION Flight o' Time Medford and Jackson County History from the files of The Mail Tribune 10. 20, 30, 40 and SO yean ago. 10 YEARS AGO Oct. 19, 1946 (Saturday) Rogue valley chapter of the Military Order of the Purple Heart and auxiliary meet Wednesday. From Arthur Perry's Ye Smudge Pot column: Ed Kubli of the Applegate towned Thurs. In his traditional manner. 20 YEARS AGO Oct. 19. 193S (Monday) Ban on rubbish fires lifted temporarily by Fire Chief Roy Elliott as wind velocities de creased and humidity increased. The Tuesday rehearsal for the Medford Gleemen will be held tomorrow in the Baldwin Shoppe, according to James Ste vens, director. 30 YEARS AGO Oct. 19. 1926 (Tuesday) Sydney B. Hayslip, represent ing Lawrence and Holford, architects, consider opening an office in this area. On Nov. 16, 1926, the price of Copco six per cent preferred stock will advance from $95 to $96 per share. 40 YEARS AGO Oct. 19, 1916 (Thursdey) Mark Weatherford of Albany, Democratic-prohibition nominee, for congress, speaks in Medford Monday. Landslide of Wilson senti ment sweeping Jackson county 1 Tint liict n lnral rnnrlitinn. hut it nation wide. Attorney New ton W. Borden says. SO YEARS AGO Oct. 19. 1908 (Friday) Among visitors at Southern Oregon normal were Dr. PickeL Hon. J. W. Perkins, and Dr. Martin. Armstrong Piano House re ceives large assortment of new records for Victor Talking Ma chine. What's the Answer? Can Son Get 4 ot the 7T Copr. 1935 Editorial Research Report 1. The Stock Market usually fell or rose in the year im mediately following the last 10 presidential elections, or was it 50-50? 2. An old car is traded in on about 50, 70, 85, or 95 per cent of all new car purchases? 3. More school districts in the South are integrated this year than last year, or fewer, or about the same number? 4. Every single one of the 48 states grants divorces for adultery; right or wrong? 5. Hypertension is or isn't another name for high blood pressure? 6. Which two of these have Republican governors: Cali fornia, Illinois, Michigan, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tex as? 7. Jerry Giesler is a promin ent divorce lawyer in New York City, Reno, Los Angeles, Chi cago, or Miami? The Answers. 1 Usually fell. 2. About 85 per cent. 3. More this year. 4. Right. 5. Is. 6. Cali fornia, and Illinois. 7. Los Angeles. The first U. S. patent was granted in 1790 to Samuel Hop kins of Philadelphia for a new potash manufacturing process and was signed by George Washington. Revolution Coming There's a revolution on the way. Nobody knows just what form it's going to take, but its advent can be forecast with some accuracy give or take a decade or two. We refer to our present type of mechanical civil ization, which is based in large part on oil. Pretty soon, the supply of oil is going to be inadequate. Then what? What will power the automobiles? Or the ships, planes, trains, industries? What wilt heat our homes and office buildings? HTHIS week, interestingly enough, is "Oil Progress Week," which is designed to call attention to the role that oil plays in civilization as we know it. It is, truly, a tremendous role, one that is often taken com pletely for granted. The service station is part of our way of life. And so are the oil furnace, the gas stove, the diesel en gine, the jet and propellor powered planes, and the thousand-and-one other things which depend for en ergy on "fossil fuels," coal and oil and gas. We have been told that the supplies of these are "inexhaustible." This, unfortunately, is not true. There is just so much. When that's gone, it's gone. When thi3 will happen, of course, is speculative. e A DETAILED review of how and why and when this is going to happen is beyond the scope of this offering. But it is significant that the May 25, 1956, issue of "Petroleum Week" devoted seven pages to an article entitled ."Middle East Oil: Key to Free World Survival" in which it was pointed out that the United States must import oil because it does not produce enough for its own needs, that much of the rest of the free world is in a similar position, and that this situation will be greatly intensified in the next nine or ten years. And another article is even more significant in pointing out the overall problem. It was written by Eugene Ayres, former research director for Gulf Oil Corporation, and an expert on energy sources and their utilization. His article appears in the October issue of Scientific American, ad is entitled "The Fuel Situation." ' W IIIS article, which has a chilling effect when one realizes how utterly dependent we are today on the "fossil fuels," starts out: "Every hour of the day and night, three quarters of a million barrels of petroleum are being pumped into the fuel burning devices of the world . . . Seven years ago . . . the author expressed the opinion that 'allowing for all possible postponements, the day of petrolem shortages cannot be very far away.' That day is now almost upon us." In the following pages, he outlines present coal, oil and gas production and production trends, proven and presumed reserves, present utilization and trends in utilization, technological progress in both produc tion and utilization, and comes to the concluson that the best that can be done is to postpone, by perhaps a few years, the time when other sources of energy must be developed. UE FORECASTS that by 1965 oil production will 4 1 be at a peak, and by 1957 the U.S. will need twice as much oil as it can produce, with the rest of the world also falling short of its needs; that by 1970 the production of bituminous coal will have passed its peak ; that the peak in gas production will be between 1965 and 1970; and that oil shale and tar sands can add only a "few months supply." And he points out, also, that the demand curve will go up just as fast, or faster, than the production curve. The pinch will begin to be felt before peak production is reached and after that, it will really begin to hurt. Meanwhile, rising prices can be expected as de mand outruns supply. And, eventually, the "fossil fuels" will be gone. T'HEN what? Scientific ingenuity must provide the answer, or to be more exact, the answers. For it is likely that no one source, of energy can supply the varied needs now handled by oil, gas and coal. Electric energy both that generated by hydro power and that from nuclear plants is one answer. It will develop ever-faster as the fossil fuel pinch gets worse, and will come into increasing use for in dustry and space heating. (One needed development is for the direct conversion of nuclear energy into electricity, eliminating the generators which waste three-quarters of the nuclear energy potential.) Solar energy power from the sun will also have an increasing role. DUT the big problem is in furnishing energy for mobile power for ships, trains, cars and trucks, and their "descendants." (This is the second-largest use of fuel in the world today; space heating is the first.) No immediate solution is in sight at the moment But there are a dozen possibilities. We strongly sus pect that the vehcle manufacturers are working hard to find the answers. It has been predicted that an "electrical accumu lator" a means of storing up electric energy far more efficient than present batteries will be one solution. Experiments with magnetism hold promise, and others are being explored in research laboratories. But one thing is certain. The internal combustion engine, with which we are all so familiar, will become an anachronism, and fairly soon, too. E.A. jgjFrlday, Oetober It. IS3I it Communications Letters to the Editor must bear the name and .address of the writer, although under certain circumstances the use ot a pen name or initial tor publication is permissible. The Mail Tribune reserves the right to edit all letters with view to clarification and condensation. Letters submitted for publication must not exceed 400 words. He WantsCheap Power To the Editor: Is there anyone that would like to pay two or three times more for their elec tricity than they are paying now? Although I can't answer for any one but myself, I certainly would notl I feel that the pres ent price in this area most as suredly is high enough! Before the federal govern ment established the power yardstick with such projects as Bonneville and TVA, it was an undeniable fact that electricity cost several times what it does today. Cheap power has made possible our unequaled standard of living by encouraging the de velopment and use of the many electrical conveniences we have today. Had electricity been two or three times as expensive, there is no doubt that this spec tacular progress would nevar have reached us in the degree that it has. Public power is cheap power and it has made private wealth and revenue for all levels of government. Public power seeks to develop only those power sites that serve the greatest good for the greatest number and in doing so, gives us the one great protection we have against ex orbitant electric bills. If compe tition is the life blood of this country's economy, then private utilities . certainly shouldn't mind some. If it wasn't for this federal power yardstick, what would be the cost of our elec tricity? . Oregon's senior senator has fought for federal multi-purpose power developments for the peo ple, basing his arguments on the desires of the people, the undis putable findings of competent engineers and the principles in volved as defined by the consti tution. On the other hand he is the first to defend the right of private utilities to use any dam site that they can thoroughly develop to the greatest good benefiting everyone. Ken Corliss 1564 Myers lane Medford, Ore. The SP and the 'Q' To the Editor: I must con gratulate your newspaper for the article concerning the South ern Pacific, its service to this area, and railroad passenger service in general, which ap peared on page eight of Sunday's Tribune. I especially appreciate your use of sizeable headlines to advertise it. It was entiUed "Burlington Official Optimistic on Future on Passenger Service." Mr. L. R. Capron, vice president of the company's traffic department said, according to your article that: " the company is experi encing a substantial loss on its overall passenger operation. While the Burlington line's 'name trains' are earning sub stantial profits the profits are offset in running small branch and secondary main line trains, "We're working to take off these deficit-incurring trains so the passenger operation as a whole will show a profit," Cap ron said. He said there is a bet ter understanding of the rail situation now than there has been in the past and the com pany is experiencing some suc cess In taking off non-profit trains. Applying this to the local sit uation, I assume you realize that the Southern Pacific line from Dunsmuir to Eugene via Yreka, Medford, and Roseburg runs ex actly the same kind of "small branch and secondary main line trains" that Mr. Capron men tions in your article. Therefore, you obviously agree that the Southern Pacific should, like wise, work to "take off these deficit-incurring trains so the passenger operations as a whole will show a profit." I was quite pleased to find that you finally realized that Medford is getting more than its share of SP expenditures. I am equally certain you will feel just as proud as I will when, in the near future, you dial "SP" for "Southern Pacific" every time you use your telephone. Ed Coyle 708 Park st. Medford, Ore. Editor's note: Our correspond ent fails to note the difference between maintaining passenger service, but curtailing it and abandoning the service through a rapidly growing and prosper ous district for a distance of over 300 miles entirely. The article in question showed clearly the attitude of the SP and the Bur lington regarding the mainte nance, improvement and future of passenger service are diam etrically opposed. For the Record To the Editor: Just for the record: I've been honored a couple times within the past few months, by having my name ap pear in news items in your col umns. Both times my affilia tions or past affiliations have been misstated. In your issue of Friday 12th inst. on the front page you have me as the Multnomah coun ty assessor. Here again there is a misstatement as I happen to be the Multnomah county sur veyor. However, it is quite true that I am a candidate as a "write in" for position No. 1, Oregon Supreme Court justice. If you will look in the Offi cial Voters' Pamphlet on page 18, you will see a very definite reason, as to why I am a candi date and expect to be elected. It is my contention that, should Measure No. 4 be voted on favorably on Nov. 6 general election, then there will be abol ished, as soon as the votes are counted and accepted, county coroners or county surveyors in the state of Oregon with author ity to act in accordance with the laws. The people will have re moved from the constitution the office of coroner and surveyor. Should it become necessary, the coroner is the only officer who could arrest the sheriff. Should it become necessary, the surveyor is the only officer who can be called into court on certain matters pertaining to surveys as an expert witness with authority to advise the court. It was the State Bar Associa tion who sponsored and promot ed this proposed amendment. It was also the Bar Association that brought pressure on the 1949 legislature to pass an un constitutional legislative act re garding surveyors. This act of the 1949 legisla ture was challenged by me. I carried it to the Supreme Court and secured a unanimous deci sion as to the unconstitution ality. The Bar Association has had many, many years to correct the constitutionality of having only members of the bar as judicial officers. They have done nothing about it. I charge that the State Bar Association has, through the years, established in Oregon a legal political oligarchy and It's about time that the people took the matter in hand and do some thing about it. For these and many other reasons, and because I am legally qualified, also be cause the opportunity has pre sented itself, I have become a "write-in" candidate for position No. 1, justice of the Supreme Court. Peter W. Welch Multnomah County Surveyor Portland, Ore. Back to AI Sarena Tn fhp Editor: Manv editorials have been printed in the Med ford Mail Tribune about the Al Sarena mine. How many editorials have been nrinted in the Medford Mail Tribune about the false pictures taken of the AI Sarena mine? How manv editorials have been printed in the Medford Mail Tribune about Estes ft.e fauver aiding the McDonalds in obtaining their patents? How many editorials have been printed in the Medford Mail Trihune about the Demo crats killing plan A and our big dam on Roeue river at Lewis creek after many taxpayers' dol lars were spent surveying ana drilling? Those trees grew in the forest but the dollars that were spent on plan A were not grown on trees, they came direct from the taxpayers' pocketbook. Cora Fain Shady Cove, Ore. He is for Wayne Morse To the Editor: When we get into politics, most anything can happen our own stuff may backfire. For instance today I received a sheet which was filled with facts about Wayne Morse. I like Wayne so naturaUy read every word of it. It has always been an ac cepted fact that "a wise man often changes his mind while a fool never does." No one, not even his arch enemies, has ever "accused Wayne of being a fool. It would be my guess that tlje average voter wUl have that in his mind when he goes to the polls Nov. 6 and casts his vote for Wayne Morse. Carl D. Garman Jacksonville, Ore. Use of Newsprint Said Up This Year New York J(U.R) The Ameri can Newspaper Publishers Asso ciation reported Thursday that newsprint consumption for the first nine months of this year in creased 3.7 per cent over the same period last year. For September newsprint con sumption was up 2.4 per cent over September, 1955, and 12 per cent for September, 1954, the ANPA reported. American newspapers used 572,276 tons of newsprint in Sep tember and 5,072,076 tons the first nine months of 1956. The average cost of a prescrip tion in this country, according to information from the Health News Institute in New York, is $2.40. Palestine Area Replaces Suez As World's By CHARLES M. McCANN United Press Correspondent The week's good and bad news on the international bal ance sheet: Palestine The Palestine area replaced the Suez Canal zone as the No. 1 danger spot in the Middle East. Heavy raids by I s r aeli forces on f r o n t i er posts in Jordan increased ten sion between Israel and the Arab countries. Israel said its attacks were made in retail ed.. M. Mccaju. tiQn for border raids by Jordanian guerrillas. Iraq promised to send troops to reinforce Jordan if needed to Editorial Comment 'The Treatment Are we about to get "the treatment?" A newspaper pub lished in a city which has had "the treatment" says we are. The Roseburg News-Review warns residents of Salem, Al bany and Eugene that the South ern Pacific is softening them up for the same sort of dirty-shirt treatment it administered to Roseburg, Grants Pass, Medford and Ashland in other years. The tip-off, says Editor Charles Stanton, is the Espee's an nounced intention of cutting service on the Shasta Daylight streamliner to three runs a week This, he says, will make Wil lamette Valley residents even less likely to think of traveling by train. And this will cut pas senger patronage. And this will make the railroad lose more money on passenger traffic. And this will demonstrate to state authorities, that the Espee can't afford to run the Shasta at all. Pretty soon: No more pas senger service in these parts, just as there is no more south of Eugene on the Rogue River route. We hope Mr. Stanton is wrong. But, even before he warned us that what happened down South might happen up here, we were worried. We were worried first by the announced rate increase which can have onlyne result fewer passengers. We were worried even before that as we noticed that "customer service" was a principle entirely foreign to so many railroads, including the Espee. We like that Shasta. It's a good train snooty porters, grabby waiters, surly conductors and aU. It's fun to ride the train. It's relaxing and it's easy and it's cheap. And, heaven forbid, if we get into another war, it will be necessary to ride the train. Of course if the Espee is really losing money on its passenger runs, we can understand the company's desire to get out of the business. But we hope that before the Oregon Public Utili ties Commission grants either the rate increase or the cut-back in service, auditors go over the Espee figures. A lot depends upon how the books are kept Meanwhile those of us who like trains and who regard rail as the finest way to travel, should do our parts to see to it that the 'Espee cannot plead lack of customers as a reason for cutting off or suspending local service in the Willamette Valley. Eugene Register-Guard. Fluoridation Re-examined Last week the PorUand City Club voted to reaffirm its 1955 stand that fluoridation of the municipal water supply would be a safe and beneficial move. The report of its investigating committee was brief and to the point. It noted that a previous- committee had made a thorough study of the pros and cons of fluoridation. Instead of rework ing the same ground, the new committee concerned itself only with analysis of new evidence in the case. Here, in a nutshell, was the finding: In this interim, no valid evidence has appeared indicat ing that fluoride in the amount recommended was harmful. On the contrary, among the 22,000 people now consuming fluoridated water, there is no report of any harmful effects. The medical and dental as sociations maintain their in dorsements; all scientific so cities previously indorsing flu oridation continue to do so. Standard text books used in medical and dental schools continue to point out the value of fluoridation and emphasize freedom from hazard. This newspaper finds itself in much the same situation as the new City Club fluoridation com mittee. AU the arguments for and against fluoridation have been presented in these pages in past months and years, ex haustively and repeatedly. One reason we can see little purpose in further discussion of the evidence in the fluoridation question is that there is no agree ment on what "evidence" means. When reputable scientific or ganizations and respected public officials such as Oregon's health officer. Dr. Harold Erickson, of fer proof of the merits of fluori- 8 g 1 Hot Trouble'Spot meet Israeli aggression. Egypt said that it would regard an at tack on any Arab country as an attack on Egypt itself. Great Britain, pledged to de fend Jordan if Israel attacked, was reported sending its newest supersonic jet fighter planes to reinforce Royal Air Force units stationed in that country. London said that any of the new jets sent to Jordan would be merely on training flights. But dispatches from Jordan said the planes were arriving and were ready for action. In Washington, Secretary of State John Foster Dulles gave a reminder that President Eisen hower had expressed determi nation last April to aid any vic tim of aggression in the Middle East. Sues British Prime Minister An thony Eden and Foreign Secre tary Selwyn Lloyd flew to Paris to discuss the Suez situation with French Premier Guy Mol let and Foreign Minister Chris- tian Pineau. A joint communique issued after their discussions intimated that it would be. up to Egypt to make any proposals which might lead to any new negotiations on the Suez dispute. Reports in London, Paris and Cairo indicated that Egypt might make the proposals, and that Britain, France and Egypt were likely to meet in Geneva, Swit Crop Situation Good In 56, Babson Says BY Roger W. Babson Babson Park, Mass. As far as crop production is concerned, American farmers have done an outstand ing job in re cent years, despite acre age c o n t rols and in s o m e sect ions un favor able growing con ditions. Al though I do Eoter w uaDion not look for a record total outturn this year, it should not be far under the re latively high level of 1955. Wheat did somewhat better this season than last, but the total indicated crop was 16 per cent under the 1945-1954 average of 1,148,289,000 bushels. How ever, we can get along well enough for a while without bil: lion-bushel wheat crops, since the bread grain at present con stitutes one of the major surplus farm commodities. The U. S. car-, ryover last July 1 topped one billion bushels, but much of it was in government hands. The loan program will again siphon a substantial portion of the cur rent crop out of commercial channels. This fact is a favorable sign. Most of the other summer harvest crops did fairly well, with oats perhaps the major ex ception. Although the outturn was the smallest since 1945, total supplies should suffice. Ample supplies of barley and flaxseed will be available for the 1956-1957 season. The barley crop was the fourth, and the flaxseed crop the second, largest of record. Farmers this year pro duced the third largest hay crop ever, but spot supplies in drought-stricken areas may be tight from time to time. I expect grain and hay prices to average higher over the longer term. Corn, Soybean Outlook There is no question as to the adequacy of corn for the current season. The above-average 1956 crop, plus the large carryover from previous years, spells record total supplies. Since the government owns or controls more than 1,000,000.000, bushels, and since I forecast that a size able portion of the 1956 crop will enter the loan, free stocks need not prove burdensome. While moderate price weakness is likely during heavy shipments this fall, the market should average higher as the season advances. The U. S. 1956 soybean crop is by far the largest on record, and will exceed total require- dation, its enemies counter with attacks both on the credibility of the evidence and the integrity of those who cite it." As an example, a mimeograph ed broadside signed by Susanna Healley and being distributed to Portland homes along with other anti-fluoridation literature bearing the imprint of the Pure Water Committee of the Health Education League of Portland, Inc., has this to say: Some unscrupulous dispens ers of POISONOUS FLUO RINE, some ignorant Doctors, and some traitorous bureau crats, have amalgamated a sinister propaganda for SLOW MASS MURDER of the living and unborn, and the fattening of their purses. Anyone capable of writing, distributing or putting credence in such a statement certainly will not be swayed by any words of ours. We can only hope, for the sake of the future dental health of Portland's youngsters, that holders of such a point of view are few in number. Portland Oregonian. V5" zerland, in the next two weeks to discuss them. Titoism Wladislaw Gomulka, former Polish Communist leader who spent nearly five years in pris on as a "Titoist" because he op posed the late Josef Stalin's domination of his country's af fairs, was restored fully to good standing. President Eisenhower, after a survey of the position of Presi dent Tito in relation to the Sov iet government, authorized the continuation of economic aid to Yugoslavia. But he withheld any shipments of heavy military equipment "until the situation can be more accurately apprais ed." In Belgrade, Tito and his aides conferred with a Communist del egation from Hungary, which like Poland appeared to be climbing aboard the Titoist bandwagon and loosening its ties with Russia. West Germany Chancellor Konrad Adenauer of West Germany shook up his cabinet. He named Franz-Josef q Strauss, his atomic energy min ister, as the new defense minis ters. It was indicated Strauss would carry out a radical change in West Germany's rearmament program. The new German army probably will be limited to 300, 000 instead of 500,000 men and will be based on (the use of tac tical atomic weapons. merits by a wide margin. Just how much downward pressure these heavy supplies will exert on prices remains to be seen. The test should come soon, with marketings at their seasonal peak. The government loan, which averages $2.15 a bushel on the farm, could buttress prices. Growers and processors have discussed the problem of heavy soybean supplies with the gov ernment, and further govern ment moves may be made to help prices. Other Fall Crops The 1956 U. S. cotton crop, now being harvested is not bur densome, since indications are that domestic consumption and exports wUl exceed it. Although the carryover last Aug. 1 was huge around 14,500,000 bales a large part of this reserve was in government hands and will not glut commercial channels. The- good present demand, 'plus the influence of the CCC loan, could strengthen cotton prices. The indicated dry bean crop is not far from average and should suffice for needs. The rice outturn is somewhat above average, but need not prove burdensome. I now forecast that prices of both these items will work higher over the longer term. The late potato crop is on the heavy side, but the gov ernment's diversion program should prevent any drastic price decline this fall. A Glance Ahead The course of farm prices is vital not only to farmers them selves, but to the nation. The trend has been moderately down ward for several months, but the drop from mid-August to mid September was only 0.5 per cent. While further slight near-term weakness is possible, the future is uncertain. Concerning the problem of farm surpluses, acreage controls and the Soil Bank program could prove quite helpful for awhile; but I fear we have not yet found the ultimate solution. I do not know how farmers feel about the coming Presidential election, but I hope they will honor the dictates of their conscience'Snd keep the welfare of the countnj as a whole clearly in mind. Most of Nation Has Fair Weather By UNITED PRESS Fair weather prevailed throughout most of the nation today, but cooler air was expect ed to cover coastal states from Maine to Virginia. Rain and showers continued during the night in the Carolinas and Montana, but otherwise the nation was free of precipitation. Shower activity, however, was expected over the northern half of the Rockies, western Oregon and Washington and from Texas northward into southern Kansas and southwestern Missouri. The southern half of the Plains region, the Far Northwest and the Northeast also were cooler. Early today the mercury drop ped to 27 degrees at Pellston, Mich., and to 18 degrees at Fras er, Colo., to make those spots two of the coldest regions in the country. Some warming was expected over the upper Great Lakes area today while slightly cooler tem peratures were forecast for the area from North Dakota and Montana southwestward to Utah and eastern Nevada. Five hundred gallons should be the minimum capacity of new septic tank installations for farm homes.