TOUR MEDFORD (OREGON)
"IveryDody tn suu.-tern Oregon
Reads Tha Mali Tribune"
Published Daily Except Saturday by
MEDFORD PRINTING CO.
27-29 North Fir St Phone 2-6:41
ROBERT W RUHL. Editor
HERB GREY Advertising Manager
GKRAI O LATHAM Business Uanagar
ERIC A 1,1, FN JR. Managing Editor
EARL H ADAMS. City Editor
HARRY CHIP MAN Telegraph Editor
RICHARD JEWETT Snorts Editor
OLIVE ST ARCHER Society Editor
DALE ER1CKSON Circulation Mgr.
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Zntered as second class matter at
Medford Oregon under Act ot
March 3. 1897
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Flight o' Time
Medford and Jackson County
History from the files of The
Mail Tribune 10, 20, 30 and
40 years ago.
10 YEARS AGO
Aug. 31. 1946
flt was Saturday)
Pnhprt T.. Lytic of the Valley
view district near Ahland has
been named county commis
sioner by the county court.
From Arthur Perry's Ye
Smudge Pot column: The morn
ings have been crimpy the past
week, causing early risers to re
sume eating the well named
flannel cakes.
20 YEARS AGO
Aug. 31. 1936
(It was Tuesday)
Building permits for tliis
month leap to an all-time high
for August, with a total of $63,
940. Medford chapter of the Oregon
Republican club will elect offi
cers tomorrow evening at a meet
ing in the Hotel Medford, Presi
dent Don Newbury, has an
nounced.
30 YEARS AGO
Aug. 31. 1926
(It was Thursday)
School board votes to delay
opening of high school one week,
to enable growers and shippers
to hold st-ident labor involved
in the peak of the season.
No killed deer can be trans
ported through Crater Lake Na
tional park, according to an
edict by Superintendent C. G.
Thomson.
40 YEARS AGO
Aug. 31. 1916
(It was Friday)
Commercial club, Business
Men's association and the Great
er Medford club will hold a
joint meeting Thursday, Aug. 31.
"We are working for a saw
mill, box factory and railroad
to the Blue ledge," S. S. Bullis
said yesterday.
What's the Answer?
Can You Get 4 of the 7?
Copr. 1955 Editorial Research
Report
1. The so-called Hall of Fame
is associated with a large uni
versity: Columbia, Notre Dame.
City College of N. Y.. Harvard,
Stanford or New York?
2. ' Father of psychoanalysis"
was Dr. Sigmund Freud: a
Swiss. German, Austrian. Hun
garian, Czech, Belgian or Rus
sian? 3. Making the first Monday in
September Labor Day was first
proposed by a N. Y. carpenter,
Chicago anarchist, Milwaukee
Socialist. U. S. Labor Depart
ment official or Texas preacher?
4. Adlai E. Stevenson studied
law at Harvard. Yale, Princeton,
Northwestern, Chicago. Colum
bia or Illinois University?
5. Which large U. S. city was
originally named Yerba Buena?
6. Author of the Acts of the
Apostles was John, Matthew,
Luke. Paul or Mark?
7. What Shakespeare called a
hautboy is now found in res
taurants, ball parks, orchestras,
furniture stores or newspaper of
fices? The answers: 1. New York
University. 2. Austrian. 3. N. Y.
carpenter. 4. Northwestern. S.
San Francisco 6. Luke. 7. Or
chestras (old nam for oboe).
MAIL TRIBUNE
No Easy Way
People as people can be viewed in a number of
cliff eren ways. To the politician they are votes; to the
doctor they are patients ; to the grocer they are cus
tomers ; to the newsman they are readers.
To the sanitarian alas they can be viewed as
producers of sewage.
The subject is not pleasant. But no one can deny
that it is important to everyone's health and welfare.
TITHAT to do with raw sewage, and how to do it, is
a problem which can give city councilmen gray
hail's, rile up taxpayers, and give pause to engineers.
Sewage can destroy
swimming or boating, kill domestic animals, spread
human diseases, and smell up the neighborhood. .
Getting rid of it, treating it to kill germs and stop
odors, is difficult and expensive, and particularly so
in an area where population is shooting up and can be
expected to continue doing so.
REG0N as a whole has made great strides in keep
ing up with this problem in recent decades.
This was recognized recently when Curtis M.
Everts Jr., state sanitary engineer who has been a real
factor in cleaning up stream pollution in Oregon, was
summoned to Washington temporarily to head a new
federal program of assistance to local areas in lessen
ing pollution problems.
The Oregon sanitary authority has relied chiefly
on persuasion in its efforts, although the law has some
teeth in it which have had to be bared occasionally
to obtain compliance. .
But on the whole, persuasion and gentle pressure,
accompanied by an understanding of the difficulties
faced by local authorities in cleaning up pollution
conditions, has brought marked progress. '
D UT as progress has been made, both population and
industrial growth have increased. As a result, it
would be fair to say that the overall picture regard
ing pollution and sewage and industrial waste dispos
al is in about the same relative situation that it was
years ago.
We've kept up, but that's about all, even though
the record is better than in some other states.
The federal program which Everts will initiate will
doubtless bring more emphasis to possible solutions,
as well as some financial help. Money aid will be limit
ed, with a top allowance of $250,000, and local part
icipation will be required. But it will act as a stimulus.
OOW.does Jackson county stack up in the pollution
and sewage disposal field?
Neither too good nor too bad, according to County
Sanitarian Bob Hart. Here's how it looks :
Medford and Central Point are in good shape, us
ing the excellent facilities of the Camp White dispos
al plant. Phoenix and the South Bear Creek Sanitary
district will soon join this system.
Ashland has a treatment plant (using a treatment
tank, a filter, and sludge beds) which was designed
to serve a population of about 6,000. It is now serving
more than 7,000 persons, and needs expansion to re
main effective and safe. . '
Talent has a similar type of treatment plant, which
is adequate at present. ,
Jacksonville and Eagle Point have no treatment
facilities, and depend on septic tanks. Both cities,
however, are in the process of working out plans for
sewage treatment plants, which will have to be pres
ented to their voters before long. Sewage problems in
both communities are serious, and will remain so until
the plants are completed. ,
OLD Hill has an effective treatment plant.
All other communities in the county, incor
porated or not,' have ' no treatment facilities, and
depend wholly on septic tanks or similar arrange
ments. These include Kogue River, Butte Falls, Pros
pect, Ruch and Applegate. By and large, and so far,
the problems presented are not serious. With in
creased populations, they will however increase.
Probably the worst situation is in the unincorpor
ated area around Medford not served by sanitation
districts. It is here that the number of people, coupled
in some instances with adverse soil conditions, result
in dangerous contamination problems.
Future annexation to Medford may aid solution
in some of the areas, but as the "fringe area" grows,
so will the problem.
THERE'S no "easy way out" in this situation.
TVia stnto will heln. with research and enidance
and the authority of the state law which can require
. 1 1 ,1 1 1 11. J.?
a clean-up, particularly in tne iiem or nver pollution
and industrial waste disposal.
Tho fprlprnl rrnvemrnent. too. has a role which
congress has acknowledged, but this is largely con-
i . i - -i i n - i i i - ;
lined lO nmiiea unantiai neip arm muiai suaaiuu.
The primary responsibility remains with the local
community, and its leaders and citizens and tax
payers. E.A.
Risky
The American Medical Association confirms what
we have suspected that these "quick and easy" diet
fads are risky, and should be used with caution.
The AMA council on foods and nutrition warns
that the so-called low-protein diets are below min
imums for maintaining body structure and function.
THE warning is not new. Doctors for years have
fhot qtiv nmornni nf wplfrht reduction
n ai iiv.u ,s.u w J "b4 v ' '
should be done under the guidance of a physician who
knows the individual and his nutritional needs.
Wp hnvA a feelinc. thnue-h. that the best wav to
reduce is to practice the exercise described as firmly
pushing oneself away from tne taoie at tne proper
time three times a day. E.A.
Tr!dir. Xuguif 91, IS38
fish, make rivers unfit for
Diets
Toll Roads,
Discussed
By ROGER W. BABSON
Babson Park, Mass. The re
cent passage of the Federal High
way bill has centered a great
deal of atten
tion on toll
roads and the
numerous
problems they
face.
During the
debate on the
Federal High
way program,
weakness be-
Bocer w Batnon gan to develop
in the prices of many toll road
bonds. Finally, when this bill
was passed, many holders of
these bonds.became alarmed and
sold out for fear that the pro
posed new freeways would suc
cessfully compete with existing
toll roads. Many investors felt
that the government highway
program would shelve practi
cally all plans for new toll
roads.
But I feel that too much stress
has been put on the probable
competitive effect of freeways.
Remember that state .highway
departments will control the ex
penditure of funds allotted by
the federal government. In the
past, states have encouraged the
building of toll roads. There
tore, it seems quite certain that
states would not lay out new
freeway routes that would clear
ly divert much traffic from ex
isting toll roads.
New Toll Roads
Fear of competition from new
freeways may well be only a
temporary retardant in the plan
ning of new toU roads. This
would be true if such roads con
siderably reduced travel time
between heavily populated cent
ers. Certainly where current
studies show heavy traffic pos
sibilities, it is likely that new
toll roads will be built in the
future.
But I forecast there will be
fewer offerings : of toll road
bonds, so that eventually we
may well see higher prices for
good existing toll road issues.
There is also the strong possi
bility that eventually some
states may take over toll roads,
issuing state bonds for existing
toll road bonds, thus Improving
their credit position.
While some states have di
rectly or indirectly guaranteed
interest and principal payments
on toll road bonds, most issues
are secured solely by revenues
collected from users. Investors
In The Day's
When handsome gray-haired
President Fisher of Johns-Man-
ville and equally handsome
curly-haired Governor Smith of
Oregon, pilot and co-pilot on a
big bulldozer, broke ground for
the new J-M plant up on tne Wil
liamson river yesterday, it
marked the beginning of a new
era in the Klamath Basin.
Hitherto we have had a
BOARD economy. When this
nlant is finished and is fol
lowed, as it will be, by others
we will have a FIBER-and-board
economy. The significance of
that is that in the past we have
looked forward with vague un
easiness to' the time when our
timber would all be cut and our
sawmills" would move on some
where else if there was a some
where else to move on to.
Now, thanks to this new devel
opment, our timber products in
dustry will be as permanent as
our agriculture because it will
be using a raw material that
RENEWS ITSELF . PERPETU
ALLY FROM THE SOIL. ..
THIS new J-M plant will use
lodgepole jackpine we call
it here. Jackpine is the Cinder
ella of the woods. To the north
ern Indians it had value. They
used its slim trunks as the
framework for their buffalo
hide lodges. Hence the name
lodgepole.
The early cattlemen found it
moderately useful for corral
fences and to some extent back
in those days when barbed wire
was unobtainable it could be
used for drift fences. Cabins of a
sort could be built of it, and so
it came in handy for permanent
line camps. But in the main, it
has been regarded for a century
as a weed tree, a pest. We've
looked at it and said wishfully:
"If the darned stuff could just
be burned off GRASS WCfULD
GROW THERE."
The very name jackpine was
a scornful term, in the sense that
we refer to a clumsy person
whose fingers aTe all thumbs as
"jack-leg workman.
Now it is a resource of the
first order of importarice as
witnessed by this new multi-million-dollar
manufacturing plant
that will rise, as rapidly as men
and tools can put it together. .
SO much for today.
What of tomorrow?
What will this new resource
do for us over the years to come?
PDR an answer to these ques
tions, let us look at the South.
In the South, they have a simi
lar species. They call it "lob
lolly" pine. Loblolly, like jack
pine, GROWS FAST. It produces
a crop every 35 years or so. Its
FIBER is long and useful. This
fast-growing loblolly pine has
brought to the South nearly half
the pulp and paper industry of
the United States.
What loblolly pine has done
for the South jackpine can do
Freeways
by Babson
should carefully check the se
curity of issues offered them.
Be especially cautious when buy
ing bonds on projected toll
roads. .
Now that the federal govern
ment has agreed to furnish up to
90 per cent of the cost of the
construction of approved free
ways, it is less likely that state
legislators would promise to
even partially support a new toll
road. No doubt big bond houses
will try to put pressure on state
legislators to guarantee a por
tion of the cost of toll roads. But
I predict that little state support
will be forthcoming, except in
cases where such roads can very
clearly be shown to be self-supporting.
Cost A Stumbling Block
Rising interest rates and a
tight money supply have also
caused a price decline for out
standing toll road bonds. Fur
thermore, these factoids ;dd heav
ily to the cost of building. Ex
isting toll roads were favored a
few years ago with rising bond
prices and easy money.
Besides higher interest rates,
materials and wage costs have
risen 70 per cent within the past
few years. In 1953 and 1954 the
average cost was $980,000 a
mile. Now it is claimed that the
cost for most toll roads is about
$1,670,000 a mile. Logically this
means that much higher toll
rates must be charged, adding
greaUy to the competitive posi
tion of freeways.
Estimates in Question
The continued failure of West
Virginia Turnpike revenues to
come up to the estimates made
when the bonds were first of
fered causes buyers to hesitate
before committing themselves to
such issues. But this and other
experiences no doubt should lead
to much more conservative esti
mates of traffic and revenues.
However, recent traffic exper
iences in- West Virginia and
Ohio, and with extensions of the
Pennsylvania Turnpike, wiU cer
tainly put a damper on new is
sues for some time. But in the
long run, where existing toll
roads serve a real economic need
at a fair level of charges, there
need be no fear of bonds based
on them. In the meantime, I pre
dict that some bargains are like
ly to develop in existing toll
road Tax - exempt Revenue
Bonds.
(These opinions of Roger W.
Babson are published in this
paper every Friday.)
News v
Frank Jenkins
for us of Southern Oregon and
Far Northern California.
NOT only will this Cinderella
of the i Western woods pro
vide us with new payrolls in fac
tories such as the one for which
Johns-Manville broke ground
yesterday. The harvesting of it
will provide year-around em
ployment. The word "harvesting" is used
advisedly. Because of the nature
of. it; jackpine will be "harvest
ed" rather then "feUed." Al
ready new machines for the har
vesting of this crop are taking
shape in men's minds. One of
them is a Gargantuan pair of
shears actuated by engines
mounted on crawler tractors.
These huge scissors will move
up to a jackpine tree and shear
it off, like clipping a twig with
a pruning tool.
Machiness are being imagined
that .will clear the trunk of
branches, debark it and log off
the top. The branches, the bark
and the top will possibly be
chewed up and blown out on the
ground to serve as humus to
speed the growing of a NEW
crop.
Jackpine will be harvested
like a field of barley clear-cut
in relatively long and narrow
strips and a new crop seeded on
the ground where the old crop
has been removed. It is antici
pated that by the time the plan
ned rotation is completed the
fields first harvested will be
ready for another harvest.
TV) Johns-Manville, pioneering
this new resource, goes the
credit that is due to all pioneers.
Back of the plant for which
ground was broken yesterday are
more than two years of research
and investigation and a whale
of a lot of money.
We welcome these modern
pioneers to our area.
Explosion Rocks
British Steamship
London (U.R) An explosion
rocked the British liner Hima
laya in the Western Mediter
ranean today.
The headquarters of the Penin
sular and Oriental Line here
said one. person was killed and
about a dozen injured.
The 27,955-ton passenger liner
had just passed the Straits of
Gibraltar on a voyage from Til
bury at London to Sydney.
The shipping line said the ex
plosion occurred in the hold near
the main storage room.
The Himalaya will make an
unscheduled stop at Malta late
tonight or early Saturday to un
load casualties in need of hos
pital treatment, the company
said.
The liner i was on a regular
passenger cruise on the Aus
tralian run via the Suez Canal.
Communications
Letters to the Editor must bear
the name and address of the writer
although under certain circum
stances the use ol a pen name or
initial for publication Is permis
sible. The &Iall Tribune reserves
the right to edit all letters with an
eye to clarification and condensa
tion. Letters submitted for publica
tion must not exceed 400 words.
Modes In Clothes
To the Editor: Hurrying along
West Main, the thought came to
me that some sort of Mexican
bull-fight was scheduled. But it
wasn't a matador coming toward
me, just a youngish female with
toreador type pedal pushers on
her trim form, kinda cute. Fact
is, the streets of Medford often
take on a masquerade-fiesta like
air. It's OK by me as it has al
ways been my uninhibited phi
losophy, 'specially of late years,
to accept any manner of dress
so long as it suits the occasion.
Little wonder there was a stern
and more or less mirthless way
of life in Victorian days, with
their inhibitions on this and that
and most everything, even to a
man kissing his wife on Sunday.
And the female form hid from
chin to heel. Sure must have
been a dreary view.
It was quite a shock to me one
day when just a lad, my sister
and a couple of cousins were
seen skulking through the cow
pasture for a swim in the creek.
They had on some old pants and
shirts of my pa and older broth
er and shook their fist at me
for gaping at 'em.
Of course, it was obvious to
me that there had to be some
sort of connecting link between
women's feet, that showed under
the earth - sweeping skirt, and
her body. But the girls seemed
to have legs much the same as
we boys. The name "limb," said
with primly pursed lips, of the
female form, had pictured in
my mind something belonging
to a tree.
But these young males, and
some r.ot so young, wearing
their pink pajama-like street
clothes are hard for an old tim
er to adjust to. And often with
their shirt tails out or all out.
That was about the most awful
thing that could happen to a lad
in my youthful days, 'specially
at school or a party. The height
of that was one time in old Bap
tist church, a neighbor boy all
rigged in his white shirt Sunday
Dest, saw something white stick
ing out under- his coat. Horror
stricken, he hastily started stuff
ing it into his pants top. But it
happened to be a part of a frilly
white dress on a young female
sitting next to him. She objected
most fiercely. It's claimed the
young fellow had to be carried
out and revived at the pump.
F. J. Clifford
1211 West Main st.
Medford, Ore.
Editorial Comment
PUNISHMENT IN REVERSE
Ted Williams, the great Bos
ton Red Sox baseball star, re
cently was fined $5,000 for spit
ting at basebal writers and fans.
Reprehensible as the incident
was, Williams might wind up
making money out of the fine.
A tax-figuring friend has it
doped this way:
Williams as a professional
baseball player, and fines are
one of the hazards of that busi
ness. So the fine is a business
expense, and tax-deductible.
Williams is in the $100,000
per year bracket, so the fine will
cost him only $800 out of his
own pocket. The remainder will
come from Uncle Sam's hide, in
that Williams' income tax will
be cut by about $4,200 this year.
A group of Williams' fans feel
sqrry for him. They ars raising
$5,000 to give him to replace
the amount of the fine. This in
come would be a gift, and Wil
liams' would pay no tax on it.
Deduct from this last $5,000
the amount Williams actually
would lose from the original
fine, and Williams comes up
making a clear $4,200 on the
whole deal.
The Red Sox management
probably didn't have that aspect
of the situation in mind when
they slapped the original fine
on Boston's bad boy. Bend
Bulletin.
Multnomah To Ballot
On Bridge Bond Issue
Portland (U.PJ Multno
mah county voters will be asked
in the November general elec
tion to pass on a $1,500,000 bond
issue for revamping of the west
side approaches to the Haw
thorne bridge.
II sssssssssssa
4& CB?
231
PORK
SAUSAGE
29eIb
'Matter of
MORSE SAID FIGHTER
Portland, Ore. The inevitable
is already happening. Among
the Republican leaders here in
the Northwest
the word is al
ready spread
ing that Presi
dent E i s e n
hower will
take the stump
after all, at
least to the ex
tent of coming
to this section
osepb aisop in order to
help the two Republican sena
torial candidates, Douglas Mc
Kay here in Oregon and Gov
ernor Arthur Langlie in Wash
ington. Behind this tentative plan,
in turn, there is the usual story
of pleas from the politicians on
the spot for the aid of the Great
White Father in Washington.
McKay denies having entered
any such plea, but it seems like
ly that other Oregon Republi
cans have pleaded for him, and
it is pretty weU known that
there have been pleas from
Washington. But besides these
common cries of anguish and
alarm from the men on the spot
there also is something more.
UVEN before the Republican
Li national convention, trouble
in the Northwest had been re
vealed to the White House by
the poll patronized by . the Re
publican high command. The
President himself stood high in
popularity. But the Oregon
and Washington senate candi
dates, who almost have to win
if the Republicans are to or
ganize the senate next year,
were shown to be much less
well off.
A really amazing measure of
ticket-splitting was indicated in
Washington, favoring the Demo
cratic incumbent senator, War
ren Magnuson. And here in
Oregon, Wayne Morse, the Re-publican-turned-Democrat
whom
the White House is most eager
to defeat, looked to be well in
the lead for the moment.
No one. can tell whether
Morse will retain this seeming
lead, in the face of the massive
effort of the newly galvanized
Oregon Republican oreanization
fplus the personal intervention
of the President. (Although Ei
senhower also intervened here,
with dismal failure, in the sen
ate race between Guy Cordon
and Richard Neuberger,jn 1954).
But if you have seen Wayne
Morse in action on his home
grounds, as this reporter re
cently did, you cannot escape
the conviction that he is a for
midable fighter who will be hard
to down.
m
TpHE occasion was a picnic of
the Democratic faithful of
Clackamas county, in the green
shade of a fir grove by rush
ing Milk creek, outside the little
village of Mulino. The scene was
charming. Nature had favored
the place, and man had not
spoiled it. Under the big trees,
farm wives spread the picnic
tables with a bewildering va
riety of jellies and pickles,
breads and heartier foods. Demo
cratic elders gossiped. Children
played, got too near the creek
and were shouted for. County
Chairman Richard Groener
passed the happy word that
Clackamas, once a solidly Re
publican county, would have a
registered majority of 2,000
Democrats at the next voting.
TNTO this amiable confusion
-" plunged Morse, in a hurry as
usual, and looking as usual
rather gaunt and professional.
He was greeted with warm en
thusiasm, but the temperature
rose by several further degrees
when Chairman Groener opened
the meeting. Groener and
others presented close to $1,000
collected by the Clackamas
Democrats for the Morse cam
paign fund.
Morse replied with glowing
thanks, but instantly returned
the fund to Chairman Groener,
instructing him to "spend it as
he thinks best, for the benefit
of the entire and mind you, I
say entire Democratic ' ticket
in Clackamas county."
Then he launched into a fight
ing speech for the whole party
ticket, noting every local candi
date almost down to dog catcher.
And then, when he had suffic
iently proved his fidelity to his
new party, he got down to real
business.
DORK CHOPS were his busi
ness. The pork chop issues
were all he talked about. It was
EAST
PURE
SIXTH ST.
SLICED
LARDr2 lbs.
29c
BACON
39lb.
fact
By Joseph Alsop
not a prepared speech, but H
was fiery and effecUve.
"Republican react ionaries"
had denied the aged the liber
alizations of the social security
act which were their just due.
"Republican reactionaries" had
blocked the housing program so
desperately needed by the poor,
and so fortunately calculated,
as well, to improve the condi
tion of the depressed and lo
cally vital lumber business.
"Republican react ionaries"
had denied the farmers the just
reward of their long hours of
toil. And against these "Repub
lican reactionaries," these deep
dyed enemies of the welfare of
the masses, Wayne Morse prors
ised to wage ferocious batUe
once again, as he had in the
past. It went over big.
OUCH is the Morse line, just
as the line of Morse's op
ponent, Douglas McKay, is to
charge that he is the victim of
"leftist" slanders, and to ac
cuse Morse of most of the
crimes in the calendar, includ
ing disrespect for President Ei
senhower. McKay says he hat
"an uphill fight" on his hands.
Morse breathes confidence and
so do all those around him.
Both men begin campaigning
before dawn their schedules
usually start with a 5 a.m. call
to make a bleakly early break
fast meeting and both con
tinue their campaigning until
long after dark.
As to which man is really
ahead at the moment, this re
porter offers no estimate, pend
ing an experiment with inten
sive polling on the scene. But
certainly if Wayne Morse
chances to be the victor here
in Oregon, it will prove that
President Eisenhower's new Re
publicanism has not reached the
grass roots.
Congressional
Quiz
(Copynpht, 195
Congressional Quarterly)
Q Current basic labor law is
the Taft-Hartley Act passed in
1947. Which of the following is
not a provision of that law: (a)
a ban on the "closed shop" or
compulsory hiring of union
members; (b) requirement of a
60-day "cooling-off period" after
termination of labor contracts
before strikes; (c) requirement
that union officials sign non
Communist affidavits; (d) a tan
on industry-wide collective bar
gaining? A (d) a ban on Industry
w i d collective bargaining.
Though part of a bill that
passed the House in 1948, tha
provision was not In the final
law.
Q In December, 1955, the
two largest labor organizations
of the United States merged into
a single unit. How many mem
bers do the newly affiliated
American Federation of Labor
and Congress of Industrial Or
ganizations claim: (a) over 10
million; (b) over 14 million; re)
over 20 million? '
A (b), 14.5 million, close to
one-fourth the natioi's work
ing force.
Q True or False: All 48 states
have enacted workers' compensa
tion laws.
A T rue. Mississippi be
came tha 48th slat to do to
in 1948.
Q Can you pair some names
famous in labor with the organi
zations they head? (a) George
Meany (b) Walter P. Reuther (c)
John L. Lewis (d) David J. Mac
Donald (e) Dave Beck (1) United
Steelworkers of America (2)
International Brotherhood of
Teamsters (3) United Auto Work
ers (4) AFL-CIO (5) United Mine
Workers.
A (aM4);"(b)-(3); (c)-(5); (d).
(1): (e)-(2).
Q A chief target of organized
labor have been socalled "right-to-work"
laws In force in 17
states. The laws' general pur
pose is to: (a) outlaw strikes; (b)
bar enforcement of the require
ment of union membership as
part of labor contracts; (c) per
mit non-striking workers to pass
through picket lines during
strikes.
A Differently framed, in
general the laws are aimed at '
breaking the requirement of
union membership.
Q Since what year has La
bor Day been an annual federal
holiday: (a) 1848; (b) 1894; (c)
1932?
A (b) 1894, when Congress
passed a law making the first
Monday in September an an
nual federal holiday. All the
states have followed suit.
PICNIC
HAMS
39e.b.