Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989, January 27, 1955, Image 4

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Medford mail tribune., January 27, 1955, Image 4

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Newspaper Page TextFOUR MEDFORD (OREGON) MEDFORDwCJITRttUN! "Everybody in Southern Oregon Reads The Mail Tribune" Published Daily Except Saturday by MEDFORD PRINTING CO. 27-29 North Fir St. Phone 2-6141 ROBERT W. BUHL. Editor HERB GREY, Advertising Manager E. C. FERGUSON, Managing Editor ERIC ALLEN JR.. City Editor HARRY CHIPMAN, Telegraph Editor RICHARD JEWETT. Sports Editor -, . OLIVE STARCHER. Society Editor JACK JACKSON. Sunday Editor GERALD LATHAM. Circulation Mgr. An Independent Newspaper Entered as second class matter at Medford, Oregon, under Act of March 3. 1897 SUBSCRIPTION RATES By Mail In Advance: Per copy 10c. Daiy and Sunday One year $12.00 ' Daily and Sunday Six months 6.50 Daily and Sunday Three mos 3.S0 Daily and Sunday One month 1.23 Sunday Only One year $350. By Carrier In Advance Medford. Ashland. Central Point. Eagle Point, , Jacksonville. Gold Hill. Phoenix. Shady Cove. Rogue River. Talent, and on motor routes: Daily and Sunday One year 919.00 Daily and Sunday One month 13 Carrier and Dealers 9c per copy All Terms Cash in Advance Official Paper of the City of Medford Official Paper of Jackson County United Press Full Leased Wire MEMBER OF AUDIT BUREAU OF CIRCULATION Advertising Representative: WEST-HOLLIDAY COMPANY. INC. Offices in New York. Chicago. De troit. San Francisco, Los Angeles. Seattle, Portland. St. Louis. Atlanta, -Vancouver. B.C. NATIONAL EDITORIAL Iassochtiion NEWSPAPER PUBLISHERS '"ASSOCIATION Flight o' Time Medford and Jackson' County History from the files of The Mail Tribune 10, 20, 30 and 40 years ago. 10 YEARS AGO Jan. 27, 1945 , (It was Saturday) Story written by John Reddy, former Medford resident, ap pears in Saturady Evening Post. From Arthur Perry's Ye Smudge Pat column: Steve Nye, the horticulturist, and Dock Ed Durno of here, write they had a reunion on the western front recently. G. (Cannonball) Jack son is now a colonel in Italy. 20 YEARS AGO . Jan. 27, 1935 (It was Sunday) Joseph W. Lawton, Medford fire chief from 1913 until 1923 years, dies after short illness. County 'officials including Judge Earl Day, Commissioners John Billings and Otto Caster, District Attorney George Cod ding, Clerk George Carter, and Treasurer A. C. Walker, attend Medford Rotary club meeting. 80 YEARS AGO Jan. 27, 1925 (It was Tuesday) William F. Berrian named superintendent of Butte Falls fish hatchery. Commander Dick McElhose and. Adjutant Lee Garlock an nounce plans for - first : practice of newly formed Medford Amer ican Legion ' drum and bugle corps. 40 YEARS AGO Jan. 27, 1915 (It was Wednesday) State Senator Von der Heilen of Jackson county relinquishes chairmanship of senate horticul ture committee so that Senator Kathryn Clarke may be appoint ed to post. From the Local and Personal column: Sheriff Singler has pur chased a Maxwell auto, the Ford he was using being too small for his multitudinous duties. Though but in use about a week, the car has already traveled . about 500 miles. What's the Answer? (Can You Get 4 of the 7?) Copr. 1955, Editorial Research Report 1. SEATO is set up for the Latin America, Greece and Tur key, southeast Asia or Iran? 2. Most new houses being built in the U.S. these days have no basements; right or wrong? 3. Many more than half, many fewer than half, or about half of all U.S. public school teach ers get over $3500 a year? 4. The N.Y. metropolitan area gets away with about 800,000, 1,800,000, 4,800,000 or 8,000,000 eegs a day? 5. Which one of these is not one of the so-called "Colombo powers:" Burma, Ceylon, India, Indonesia, Israel, Pakistan? . 6. The "Gopher State" is Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska, South Da kota, or Wisconsin? - 7. Which U.S. Senator has a wife who's a member of the leg islature of their state? The Answers: 1. Southeast Asia. 2. Right. 3. About half. 4. About 8,000,000. 5. Israel. 6. Minnesota 7. Richard L. Ned- berger (D.-Oro.) The first' radio network, con necting WEAF, New York, to WNAC, Boston, was opened on January 4, 1923. I MAIL TRIBUNE it Time of Crisis The Oregonian declares this "a time of crisis." But it doesn't believe there will be war as far as Formosa is concerned because, quote : "There is good reason to hope that concern for their own skins will prevent Mao and his lieutenants from taking such a deliberate and irrevocable, stepj" .Is there? v We wish the Oregonian would elaborate regard ing the basis for GOOD reasons for that belief. As we review the Mao record we can find none. IN FACT concern for "their own skins" has been conspicuously absent in the Red Communist com mand and ideology ever since the revolution started and since. ' The cheapest commodity to them has been human life, not only ideologically but as a statistical fact For China has manpower to burn, or to kill, or ex pend as it may wish, and never feel the loss. So, as we see it, THAT "fear of their own skins" is not to be a material deterrent and Uncle Sam would be unwise to depend upon it. .. A MORE likely deterrent would be fear of failure. "For unless practically all the American experts are wrong, nav&l particularly, China just hasn't what it takes to capture Formosa or the Pescadores for that matter. The 7th Fleet and its airplanes, they claim, would blow any attack by water off the sea. And to e x p r e s s it mildly Mao wouldn't like THAT! But it wouldn't be the loss of life, but the "loss of face" that would bother him and his lieutenants. TTHAT "loss of face," incidently, is an extremely im- portant item in judging the entire Chinese prob lem and the present world problem of peace for that matter. ; Several times now the clared Formosa must be taken, that it is a part of China, and Chiang Kai-shek Enemy No. 1, must go. If Formosa is not taken, and Chiang remains with his army on the island as the months and the years pass by there will be more "loss of face." What is Mao to do about THAT? Will he just take it and patiently bear it? . .... 1XELL, only the future can tell. But we believe it would be very foolish for this country or any other to depend upon such an atti tude of forebearance and humility.' In fact we believe those who know most about China ' and Far East psychology will most strongly support the view that Mao's threat about Formosa is no more a bluff, than his threat was about the inva sion of Korea. In other words barring the Communist govern ment's overthrow from within,; nothing short of war will deter the Reds from an effort eventually to retake Formosa regardless of the cost. SO WE come back to our original proposal in this This IS "a time of crisis." . : The only chance this department can see of avoid ing war is to turn over the entire matter of Formosa the U.S.Ai-Red China dispute to the United Na tions. THIS might not prevent unless one sMe or the other backs down. And neither event appears likely. R.W.R. Chiang's Dream Ends It is not surprising that some opposition to evacua tion of the Tachen Islands by the Nationalists should develop.! For every important island evacuated will pre sumably be occupied by the Red Chinese and thus the threat to the Pescadores and Formosa increased.1 DUT even more vital, as far as Chiang is concerned, - would be the threat involved to any return by the Nationalists to the mainland. And here in reality is the heart of the entire Chi nese problem. Even Chiang has admitted there is no chance of any reconquest of China by him with out US aid. And we .have never heard any denial that such aid would mean war in all probability another world war. fOES the Eisenhower administration still cherish . the notion'that a time will come in the not too distant future when such a return from Elba on Chiang's part can be accomplished. It is hard to say. However, the recent declaration by President Eis enhower" that while the Tachens are of value as an "outpost," they are not vital in the defense of For mosa, INDICATES such a hope, if once entertained, has now been abandoned. Otherwise, there would in all probability be some effort to hold these so called "outposts." For while they may not be vital to the defense of Formosa, they might well be vital, if occupied by the enemy, to the success of any mainland invasion from For mosa. " TN other words all evidence indicates that while the - United States will defend the Pescadores arid Formosa from attack, it will not support in any way, and make no commitments whatever, regarding the Chiang Kai-shek dream of a return to power in China proper. And that, if correct, ends the "dream I" R.W.R. Thursday. January 17. 1ISS 99 , . , .. Red Government has de war. ' Matter of Fact (Joseoh Alsop will soon be reporting the China crisis from Formosa. Hong Kong, and elsewhere. Meanwhile, Stewart Alsop reports on the crisis from Washington.) IT COULD MEAN WAR Washington The extraordi nary gravity of the decision which President Eisenhower has now taken is not yet fully ap preciated in Congress , or the country. The decision is, essen tially, to bomb the Chinese main land, if this is deemed necessary for the defense of the National-list-held islands of Quemoy and Matsu. Bombing the Chinese main land means, of course, war with China. It could mean war with China's aUy, Russia. The' Presidential decision to risk a major war in the defense Of these two islands represents a great victory for Adm. Arthur Radford, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Last October, Radford first proposed that the Seventh Fleet should bomb. the Chinese mainland, if necessary to hold Quemoy. That time, Rad ford suffered a defeat, when President Eisenhower ruled against it. Thereafter, Radford went to the Far East. He returned a couple of weeks ago, surer than ever that he was right. He im mediately went to work to con vince Secretary of State John Foster Dulles, who had taken a middle position in the October dispute.. Radford is a very per suasive man, and Dulles at length fell in with the substance of his views. - ' It was thus Dulles, rather than Radford, who went to the Presi dent to persuade him to reverse his October ruling. In the end, the President decided on a cur ious compromise the Tachens would be evacuated, while war would be risked if necessary to defend Quemoy, the most im portant Nationalist island, and probably Matsu. This time, the Joint Chiefs other than Radford were informed of this Presiden tial decision after it had already been taken. EVENTS, OF COURSE, helped Radford. Evacuation of all the off-shore islands was a pos sible alternative, but Chiang Kai-shek bitterly resisted this idea. The alternative prospect of letting - island after island fall bloodily to the Communists, while the Seventh Fleet stood idly, by, seemed more and more unappetizing as time went on. At the same time, it became more and more obvious that these . islands r virtually . within spitting distance of the mainland could not possibly be defended unless bases and supply lines on the " mainland were attacked. Finally, Sen. William Knowland. On The Side (Distributed .by King . When a woman, especially a divorcee, marries for a second time, what does she. do with the wedding ring acquired ' at the time of her first marriage? Does she get rid of it entirely? Or does she keep it in some secret place so as not to annoy her sec ond husband? That is a query put to this department. I don't know, the answer. However, I'll ask Peggy Hopkins Joyce or Gloria Swanson about this the next . time : I see them. Both Peggy and ' Gloria have been married five times. Might be in teresting to ' know what they have done with their old wed ding rings. Grandmothers ' The Swimming Grandmothers. That's the name of a British club of glamorous and lively grand mas. They go swimming every Wednesday, all the year around. Youngest member is 53, oldest is 73. The 73 year old grandma is the club's champion high diver. In addition to , the joy from swimming, these grandmas claim the sport affords relief for creaking . joints, ' arthritis and rheumatism. Why not suggest to your grandma that she start a swimming club? Proposals Sixty-eight percent of present YMCA Membership Team Heads Named Team captains for the YMCA membership campaign, starting in Medford Tuesday, Feb. 1, have been named by Ray John son and Robert Boyer, drive co chairmen, and Dr. G. A. Dier dorff, "V membership chair man. . jA total of 21 teams, with 6 workers to each team, will see prospective "Y" members next week, according to the campaign co-chairmen. . Heading the teams are Charles Adamson, Ray Offord, Mrs. Roy Wilkes, Mrs. Robert Newland, Mrs. Sam Jennings, Charles Thompson, Mrs. H. D. Bosworth, Mrs. M. Wimmer, Gladys Lloyd, Ruby ' Rowan, Charlene Cook, Frank Dancer, Lee Ragsdale, Larry ; Clark, Carl Burk, Sam Harbison. Bill Duhaime, Clyde Crenshaw, Don Day, Ken Cook, and Mrs. W. G. Ardry. . The drive begins with a "kick off" dinner for workers,' to be held at the Y.M.C.A. Monday evening, Jan. 31, and the canvas begins Tuesday morning. By Stewart Alsop was, of course, a powerful Rad ford ally. Both the President and Dulles undoubtedly hoped that the American decision to intervene if necessary might bring "sta bility" to the area, in the form of a deal with the Communist to accept an agreed dividing line in the Straits of Formosa between the two Chinas. In fact, the Pres idential decision was presented to the British on this basis. - - Now both the Communists and - Chiang have furiously re jected any "two-China" deal, and the hope that it can be made is dying. Simultaneously, the fear that the Chinese Commu nists, . far from being deterred, wiU accent the American chal lenge ana invade Quemoy : or Matsu, is growing. " Moreover, although the basic decision to attack the mainland if necessary to defend the is lands has been made, two vital questions remain unanswered. The first is: Do we use nuclear weapons? Many policy-makers, reportedly including Secretary Dulles, say that the use 01 atomic weapons against China would have fatal political conse quences. But there are cogent arguments for using the decisive weapons if the Chinese mainland is to be attacked at all. The second question is: What do-we do if the Communists succeed in taking Quemoy, say, despite our intervention? , They may well be capable of doing so. American officers whovwatched the invasion of Yikiangshan through powerful glasses report ed that it was a remarkably ef ficient little operation. If Que moy is taken despiteAmerican bombing of the mainland, this would be a genuinely , disastrous blow to American prestige ' in Asia. ' Yet current estimates are that it would require a major amphibiqus operation, involving at least three crack American divisions, to re-take the island if it fell. BUT ALTHOUGH such Vita questions remain unanswered the great central decision has been made. The decision to bomb the Chinese mainland if necessary may weU be it prob ably is the right decision. But the dangers it involves, includ ing the danger, of war, should be faced up to boldly, rather than being buried in ambigui ties. And if these dangers are faced up to boldly, surely it will appear that this is hardly the right time to begin reducing our mvestment in defense. Copyright, 1955, New York Herald Tribune, Inc. By E. V. Durling Features Syndicate, Inc.) day proposals of marriage take place in automobiles. How did you propose to the girl who be came your wife? Or did she pro pose to you? If she did and han dled the proposal in particularly subtle fashion, please advise us as to her technique so we can tell it to any of our bachelorette subscribers who may want , to pop the question to a reluctant bachelor in a roundabout way. . Memory The average' person remem bers nothing that happened to him before the age of 5. So says a man of science. That, statement I question. I remember .very clearly many things that happen ed on my first trip to England. I was 3 at that time. Horses and Women Does your wife know how to put on nylon stockings so as to avoid that disaster known as "a run"? . Hosiery manufacturers claim ' many : women lack this knowledge. Discussing t his claim, a Calif ornian who says her nylons last "practicaUy for ever" says the mood a woman is in when donning her hosiery is an important factor.. If a woman is angry or depressed, she is likely to put on her nylons in any old way, thus weakening the wearing qualities. The thing- to do,, says this Calif ornian nylon expert, is to sing while putting on stockings. Also to wear cotton gloves to avoid injury from fin gernails. Keep that in mind, sir. Instruct your wife to sing and wear gloves when donning her hosiery: May, save you some money. ' - r. Asides ' i How long were you married before : you ; presented v:' your charming wife with a mink coat? Know who started that style going strong? It was none other than Queen Victoria who wore a mink coat on her honey moon v . . Burbank, Calif., is not named in honor of Luther Bur bank, the celebrated horticultur ist, as most everybody believes. Takes its name from Dr. , David Burbank, a dentist, who founded the town as a real estate development.---. Inventor Girls who wear glasses owe a debt' of gratitude to Altina Schinasi. Why? Altina invented those harlequin spectacles that make so many young women look so glamorous.: Like film stars trying " to , conceal their identity. Altina Is related to "Bubbles" Schinasi. By the way, what became of "Bubbles" Schi nasi? And where is "Honey chile" Wilder? - How about "Candy" Jones? In the Day's News By FRANK JENKINS In Washington, President Eis enhower sends to the Congress an IMMENSELY IMPORTANT message. In it he IAsks Congress, for authority to use the armed forces of the United States, if necessary, to assure the security of For mosa and. the Pescadores islands (consult your map) AGAINST COMMUNIST ATTACK. 2 Says redeployment of the Chinese forces among the islands surrounding Formosa is essential to the security of the United States and that this re deployment (because of the air situation) would be impractical without the assistance of the armed forces of the United States. 3 Asserts that IN THE INTER- EST OF PEACE . . . THE UNITED STATES MUST RE MOVE ANY DOUBT REGARD ING OUR READINESS TO FIGHT, IF NECESSARY, TO PRESERVE THE VITAL STAKE OF THE FREE WORLD IN A FREE FORMOSA, AND TO EN GAGE IN WHATEVER OPERA TIONS MAY BE REQUIRED TO CARRY OUT THAT PURPOSE. TN brief States says to Communist China: "We'll defend Formosa AT ALL COSTS. You can put that in your pipe and smoke it." : AT this point, I think, three questions will occur to aU of us: 1. How are the Communist Chinese reacting to this blunt message from our President? 2. How is Congress reacting to it? : 3. How is American business reacting to it? T ET'S answer these questions in numerical order: 1. Chou En-Lai, Red China's premier, promptly accuses the U:S. of "stepping up military operaitons to make war provo cations since the Communists seized Yikiangshan Island." He says we are - intervening in the Chinese fighting, r (But, SO FAR, he hasn't start ed shooting at us or at For mosa.) O The Congress, so far, Is giv- ing every evidence that it will back up the President's re quest for authority to use our armed forces in whatever man ner may be necessary to meet the Formosa situation. . JF the Republicans don't back V-l- up a wise and .moderate RE PUBLICAN!; President, , t h e y aren't fit to be Republicans, I'd say., As for the Democrats, the Formosa' ljne was laid down by Democratic President Truman in 1950, when lie threw the U.S. 7th fleet between Formosa and the Red Chinese mainland, with orders to fight if attacked. Those orders still stand.) Let's add: . In GRAVE international sit uations and this one is certain ly grave enough we can't, af ford partisan squabbling. O How is business reacting? Grains advanced in early trading on the Chicago Board of Trade. Grains, historically, ALWAYS ADVANCE ON THE PROSPECT OF WAE. The New York Stock' Ex change is taking the news in stride. Historically, stock' prices tend to FALL on the prospect of war (the war climate isn't favorable to business.) - - A WORD here as to WHY the President is asking Congress for authority to use our armed forces in whatever manner may be necessary to meet the For mosa situation. He undoubtedly HAS the au thority. But If he asks ' the Congress for authority to use the armed forces of the U.S. in whatever manner he (as commander-in-chief) deems necessary and if the authority he asks is GIVEN FREELY AND PROMPTLY BY THE CONGRESS it will be plain to all the world that in this situation THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA IS UNITED AND WILL FIGHT: D?. THE COMMU NISTS ATTACK US IN THE FORMOSA AREA. THAT'S about the way the situation stands in this criti cal day in our history. Expansion Program Started by Pick's .Work was started this week, on an enlargement program for Pick's Apparel store, 112 East Main st. The additional space, in the Allen hotel building, will provide a front entrance and sales room on ; Front st., just south of East Main st. The ap parel shop's main store will con tinue to face East Main st. When the remodeling is completed the shop will be in an "L" shape. The new space, formerly occu pied by the Basic Health Food store will add about 1,400 square feet to the apparel shop. Anoth er room adjoining ' the space and facing Front St., will be used as a stock - room and of fice. Total square feet of the store will be about 2,500. . Russians Must Wait Longer tfor Promised Consumer Goods Hike By CHARLES M. McCANN United Press Foreign Analyst ' The Russian people are going to have to keep on waiting for those automatic refrigerators and o t h e r things the So viet govern ment promised them after the Stalin. That seems to be the big rea son behind the "relief, of of - Anetas I. Mikoyan as Charles Mccaaa soviet minis ter for domestic trade. There has been speculation that Mikoyan's removal was hooked up with rivalry for lead ership in the Kremlin. For one thing, "Old Bolshe vik" Mikoyan played a big part in the rise of his fellow-Trans-caucasian and protege. Lavrenti P. Beria, who became a rival of Premier Georgi M. Malenkov f or power and was executed as a result. But it seems pretty certain that Mikoyan lost his job be cause Malenkov's big consumer goods campaign xouaDsed. Not Purged Mikoyan was not purged. He remains a deputy premier and a member of the ruling presi- aium of : the Communist Party Central Committee. His trouble was that he was too intimately involved in Mal enkov's consumer goods drive. and a change of names in the trade ministry was necessary. it was Malenkov himself who announced on, Aug. 8, 1953, five months after Stalin's death, that the Kremlin was "now fully in a position to increase the pro duction of consumer goods sharply." i Ridgvay Sees Need For 4, Troops For China Foothold Washington U.PJ Gen. Mat thew B. Ridgway told senators that 300,000 to 400,000 US. ground -troops would be seeded to win a foothold on the Chinese mainland, it was reported today. The statement was attributed Two Veterans Slated Mervin A. Stone, 77, of 511 South Central ave a veteran of the Spanish American war, was to - be flown to Portland this afternoon by Mercy Flights air ambulance plane. He has been at Sacred Heart hospital since Jan, 13 for treatment of a heart con dition. He will be transferred to the Veterans Administration hospital at Vancouver, Wash, Another patient, Joseph Filer, of the Griffin Creek area, - was to be taken on the same flight. He is going to the Portland VA hospital . for abdominal surgery. The two will be the 315th and 316th patients carried by the non-profit air ambulance organi zation's planes since it began service five years ago this month. . , Jacksonville Slates Polio fund Events Jacksonville Several events have been scheduled here for the next few days, all to aid the March of Dimes, according to Ray .Wilson, local chairman. Members of the Girl Scouts will solicit on the streets dur ing the day Saturday. Jacksonville will participate in the nation-wide Mothers March Monday from 7 to 8 pjn. The city has been divided into four districts and mothers will call for contributions at homes where a lighted porch light or a candle in the window extends an invitation, - Wilson said. Women of the Royal Neigh bors of America are holding cof fee klatches which have met with considerable success, Wil son 'said. funeral services prearranged in ad vonce of need saves others financial and emotional burdens later. CHAPEL MORTUARY " Vl; :'-'V" ' ')'. "V',.-' ''V''-1'-. T:''' w li"''' -V-.-.-c' "'. ' ''- Frank Morgan .. Harold Snodgrass . Funeral Directors Phone 2-C030 The stepping up of consumer goods was Mikoyan's job, and he did his best' ' -7 . In ' a . speech he made last March, Mikoyan promised' con sumer goods production on such a scale as to mean a new and decisive . expansion of the people's welfare." ' ' ; ' ' trnr. rill mMA aloiMI tli. mW aeatn of Josefito abundance with seven-league boots," Mikoyan said. : Big Increase Russian trade figures for 1954 show big increases in the 'pro duction of consumer goods re frigerators, television sets; wash ing machines, vacuum cleaners, footwear and textiles. v The increases were announc ed, as usual, on the basis of per centages as compared with 1953, The actual figures Would have. disclosed how pitifully small the output was as compared to that, in Western countries. It was only a few days after' the figures were published that Mikoyan, the man responsible for the rise, lost his job. It was made known at the same time that Russia must concentrate on heavy industry. That " means steel, machinery and allied products. . Geared To War Production Russia's heavy industry is geared closely- wtih war produc tion. The Kremlin explains that the welfare aims of the Western powers make continued concen tration on heavy industry necessary. The fact is that what makes it necessary is, the Communist dictator. Dictators can not de mobilize. A demobilized Red army would be a political men ace. And a well-fed, contented Russian people would be able to think about other things than scraping a bare living and keep ing out of jail. , to the Army chief of staff by a Senate informant familiar with developments at Tuesday's closed-door . session of the Senate Foreign Relations and Armed Services committees. .. ;.The Joint Chiefs of Staff ap peared at that session for testi mony -hich some senators in terpreted as clear evidence of disagreement; between Ridgway and Adm. Arthur W. Radford, chairman of the Joint Chiefs. Unanimity Claimed - . The conflict was said to have developed s when Radford was asked if the four service 'chief-, tains were unanimous in support of President Eisenhower's Far Eastern defense plans. Radford had been quoted previously, in a public announcement from the House Foreign Affairs Committee,- as saying they were unanimous. Ridgway was reported to have arisen and said in effect, "I was not consulted." Radford agreed that Ridgway was out of Washington when the Joint Chiefs considered the For mosa program. Ridgway told the committees that a deputy, who was present, was not authorized to speak for him oh the issue. Ridgway was said to have giv en these answers ana to nave testified with great reserve be cause his position seemed to put him in conflict with Mr. Eisen hower. Differing Viewpoints His apparent disagreement with Radford involved differing viewpoints about the likelihood of U.S. ground forces being com mitted in any American military action against the R-ad Chinese mainland or in defense of off shore islands, such ss Quemoy, held by the Nationalists. It was said Radford aid noi rule out strikes against the mainland or the defense of Que moy, but he visualized such ac tion in terms of using air and sea power. Ridgway feared that such moves might lead to the commitment of ' ground forces. He said these already are over extended. The American Telephone and Telegraph company was organ ized Feb. 28, 1885.