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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 18, 1936)
When in Need of lomethlng flrot read the Cluslfled Adf and If this "omethlng" ti not listed try advertising. These little ada are widely read and they DO produce splendid result!. Tribune Full Associated Press Full Press Thirty-First Year MEDFOKD, OREGON, TUESDAY, AUGUST 18, 1936. No. 122. LIUM The Weather Forecast: Fair tonlht and Wednesday. Little change In temperature. Temperature Highest yesterday 7 Lowest this morning .... 62 IK Mill r.. , By TALI. MA1.LON Copyright, 1836, by Faul Malloa WASHINGTON, Aug. 18. A heavy lull has developed lately among the government's prying 6quads. The young hawksaws in many of the fed eral services seem to have lost much of their zest for their business. Some have sus pected It Is only campaign quiet. Others accopt It as a natural re action to Treas ury secretary Hoigint hau's public demotion of two s e o r e t service agents who spied on O- Men. Both of ' these guesses may be close, but a more Impressive ex planation is accredited on the Inside. Some weeks before Mr. Morgen thau's decisive action, an Investigat ing genius in another government de partment wss invited to take a Job outside the executive branch of the government, and he accepted. The news of bis departure was msde pub lic, but no excuse was over offered. The inside explanation is that this genius also made the mistake of in vestigating another government offi cial outside bis department, this time a friend of Vice-President aarner and Chairman Parley. The investigated official left Washington In a huff and bss not returned. Messrs, Darner and Parley are supposed to have engin eered the subsequent offer which led the investigating ex-genlus Into other fields. Thus, a salutary peace haa come to Washington.." " - - .'" The question of whether"- Father Coughlln has been put under good behavior restrictions for the presiden tial campaign is still an open one, despite the whoopee made at his Cleveland convention. Several conflicting storlea are being spread about what he will do. The In side consensus here is that he will go ahead with what he has started, but in a much calmer tone or voice. His radio manager has announced, without explanation, the cancellation of his fall and winter series of Sun day afternoon broadcasts, until "sometime after the first of the year." The assumption is he will reserve a schedule on the mutual network for the Lemke-O'Brtcn ticket, but the trade publication, "Broadcasting." re ports thst he has announced no time reservations yet. Meanwhile, the communist party has budgeted Itself for $60,000 worth of radio time, wherever it got the money. President Roosevelt's board of cam paign strategy is not unanimously In favor of his coming trip to the North Dakota drought area. More than two are supposed' to have advised tho President not . to make the trip, on the ground that It would not do him much good and (Continued on Page Seven) LAKEVIEW BANKER DIES BY INHALING CAR FUMES ALTURAS, Calif.. Aug. 18. (UP) William Vinton Miller, said to be a Lakevlew, Ore., banker, allegedly com mitted suicide today near here by In baling fumes from the exhaust pipe of an automobile, Modoc county au thorttles reported, SIDE GLANCES by TRIBUNE REPORTERS Polk Hull, Med ford 'a peppiest octo gen&rltin, romping up the spinal col umn of the city .singing, but with uch rapid dress-parade step the re porter couldn't catch up to learn the ditty that had taken hla ear. Ray Friable lashing about with hla feet In an effort to discourage a grass hopper buzzing about the rasaltn arena last night, becoming so ab sorbed In the erratic flight of the Insect he almost forgot the two be hemoth grapplen. Margaret Board man, c of c attache, wanting to display good chamberly prldo In exhibiting a gigantic sun flower, but deciding any political sun flower slgnlf jisncc would have to be counteract by sticking a donkey in the window, too. Irva Fewell Edward, former aoc editor of yr Mall Tribune, buckling back into harness when she could be loafing, helping the stff out like a Trojan while soc ed Smith vacations. Emery 'Horatio-at-the-Bridge" Cul bcrtwn hot footing it down the air port driveway to hut the field gate. a-'ter a fleet of dcrrptt autoe had rushed through to examine the crack ed tip bomber jestlddf. fits. aI ITALY ROUSED BY E Air Centers Along Tyrrhen ian . Coast Ordered in Readiness Press Sarcas tic, On French Attitude BOMB, Aug. )8. (p) Well Inform ed sources said today that premier Mussolini was ready to aid Spanish facslcts openly if Prance continues openly giving essistance to the gov ernment at Madrid. Airplane centers along the Tyrr henian coast have been ordered kept In readiness for any developments, it was learned. -- . . , Aviators roust remain within call and all planes kept, available and ready to take off. At the same time a canvass was be ing made among the pilots to learn which of them speak or understand Spanish. The powerful government radio sta tion near Home was devoting its op erations toward intercepting radio messages from both sides In Spain so that the situation could be followed from minute to minute. Italian Sank Warship In aviation circles here It was boasted that an Italian major sank the Spanish battleship Jaime with an 800-kllogram bomb. French activities sympathetic to tho Madrid government aro receiving bit terly sarcastic comment in the Ital ian press. Newspapers speak of : "two-faced (Continued on Page Three.) LAWYER OF HEIRESS - LARGER FEE, CLAIM SAN FRANCISCO, Aug. 18. (API Attorney I. M. Golden, counsel for two surgeons charged with mayhem In the sterilization operation on Ann Cooper Hewitt, today; declared the young heiress' - lawyer had "trans ferred his fugitive legal attention" from Mrs. Maryon Cooper Hewitt atu-r he learned the daughter would re ceive more money from the estate. Oolden, attorney for Drs. Tllton T. Tillman and Samuel 0. Boyd, de manded from Rusell T. Tyler how much money he had received from Miss Hewitt as lawyer's fees. "It's nono of your business; that's the answer." Tyler retorted. . Oolden then accused Tyler of trans. ferrlng his "fugitive legsl attention" end asked whether this was so. "I cannot answer." Tyler replied "you don't understand." Golden threw up his hands and re. marked "that is all" as the witness was excused. t Tyler testified In support of Miss Hewitt's claim she was tricked Into a surgical . operation that . left her sterile. Fight Looms For Tammany Control NEW YORK, Aug. . IB. (API A fight for tho control of Tammany Hall appeared' likely today after It leader, James J. Doollng. disclosed that he had requested three leaders to assist him In administering the organization's affaire during hla 111 ness. Close friends of the leader, who has been 111 for several weeks, said Dool lng probably would not recover suf llclently before the November election to assume charge of the Tammany campaign, Privately, several Tammany leaders Mid Dooltng's action would undoubt edly precipitate a contest for control of the organization. War Clouds Over Europe Curb Roosevelt Travels HYDE PARK, Aug. 18. (AP) Critical conditions in war torn Spain and Europe were disclosed authorita tively today to have prompted Presi dent Roosevelt to put r check on any plans that would call for hla being far from Washington for any extend ed period. This fact became known only five days after Mr. Roosevelt in an sd dre at Chautauqua. N. T- asserted he was more gravely concerned over international tendencies than do-nestle problems. During a press conference, today, however, the President said he had had no reports on the Spanish civil war. oi'rer than information in the press. Nevertheless any (hough of a ItDgUiy trip, political or ctherwiae, la Sue For Divorce ue'ia Ryiand, Hollywood actress bride of Ted Hualng, sports an nouncer, planned to sue for a di vorce at Reno, Nev. She Is pictured it the office of her attorney. (Aaso - elated Press Photo) PREPARE TO FLEE (Copyright, 1936, by the Associated Press) MADRID, Aug. 18. (Via Gibraltar, Uncensored) Leaders of the Spanish socialist government, fesrlng fall of the capital, were reliably reported today to be holding three airliners In readiness to speed their flight at a moment'a notice. . . Insurgents In the Guadarram mountains north of Madrid are firmly established and have only to await reinforcements coming from other sides of the capital before opening a forceful attack. There Is opinion here the rebels then would have the capital at their mercy. , The crucial moment, It Is believed, will come within the next 10 days. In a land attack on San Sebastian and Iruu, the rebela tried a new ad vance over the hills from the direc tion of Enderlaza In the face of heavy machine gun tire and air attack. Reporta that rebel troops from Oyarzun had cut off communications between Irun and San Sebastian were discredited by government forces. At the same time, Insurgents ope rating out of Tolosa attempted a westward advance toward Azpeua, jo rollea southwest of San Sebastian and the birthplace of Ignatius Loyola, founder of the Jesuit order. (Copyright, 1938. by the Associated Press) HENDAYE, Prance, Aug. IB France hastily set up a rigid border patrol today as dawn brought renewal of Continued on Page Bight.) AT A blow-out caused by a nail punc ture was believed to have cttuscd a head-on collision at Phoenix yester day afternoon between csrs driven by Mrs. C. E. Lockman of Jacksonville end one driven by Mrs. Elizabeth Davis of Ashland. Mrs. Lockman and her daughter Alice received slight cuts and painful bruises, and Mrs. Davis received a' badly bruised nose. Clifton, four-year-old son of Mrs. Lockman, wss not injured. The Lockman car was traveling south, and the Davis machine was Just passing In the opposite direction when the Lockman auto swerved sud denly to the left. Both cars were bad ly damaged In front. out of the pltcure because the chief executive feels he should not be too far away from hla Washington base for-very long at a time. That thought does not apply, however, to hla forth coming trip through drought states starting a week from tonight. Mr. Roosevelt took out a scratch pad today and began working out definitely dates for atops on that trip and kept one of hla aw. slants busy on the tong-dlstanre tele phono ar- ranging for stopping points and a travel schedule. Sitting In shirtsleeve and slacks In the study of hU rambling Hudson rtrer home, the President disclosed he planned to confer ith J a me A. Psry. chairman of the Democratic national committee, about the cam paign mMme before he start back for Washington Sunday nJghW DUST BOWL EYED BY COMMITTEE IN RELIEFPR0GRA!V1 Reports of Increased Farm Distress Received As Tugwell Group Perspires On Sun-scorched . Fields DALHART, Tex., Aug. 18. (AP) The President's committee to study the drought set out today on roads nv.-ay from the naln highways toward the "dust bowl" In a first-hand : arch for & long range soli program. As Rexford O. Tugwell and other members of the committee viewed sun-baked fields on i 3000-mUo tour, reports of Increased farm distress came from Washington. There Aubrey Williams, deputy WPA admlnstrator. predicted that approximately 76 per cent of the Dakotua' farm population will need relief by fall. The depart ment o. agriculture considered aug gestlons for sheep purchases and a seed load program. The President drought committee, which later will confer with him, probably somewhere In the Dakota, on what the member saw, moved by automobile across the Texas and Oklahoma panhandles toward Lamar, Colo,, which la north or the Heart or the "ilttla dust bowl" of southeastern Colorado. Perspiration poured from under Secretary of Agriculture Tugwell and (Continued on Page fhree.j) JAP NAVY OFFICIALS TOKYO, Aug. 18. (P) Japan's navy officials, seeking funds for new war shlps, mapped a campaign today to swell the naval budget to record pro portions. The Domel (Japanese) news agency aald navy office estimates for the coining fiscal year were believed to total 770.000.000 yen (about 8233,300,- 000) Of which 840,000.000 (about $08,600,000) would be expended for ship construction. The building program would be de signed to meet naval expansion by the United States and Oreat Britain. The budget estimates to be present cd to the cabinet would exceed con siderably the previous record of 833, (Continued on Page Five.) . TEMPORARILY STAYED SALEM. Aug. 18. lm Circuit Judge L. H. MoMahan signed a temporary restraining order late yesterday against the immediate closing of theater bank nights in Marlon coun ty. The order followed the filing of a suit by Carl A. Porter, theater man ager, in which It was held that the bank night plan was an advertising venture and not a lottery as held In a closing order Issued recently by Ralph E. Moody, special prosecutor for gambling cases In the county. Judge McMahan set September 31 as the date of hearing on tbe suit, Two Arabs Killed As Violence Grows JERUSALEM, Aug. 18. (Palcor Agency) Two Arabs were killed to day and four othera wounded - In spreading violence whlcn followed the fatal shooting of three Jewesses Including two nurses, during the night. The shooting of the nurses was laid to Arab snipers. This morning one Arab was shot to death on tbe aeaahore near Jaffa, apparently from a boat, and an other was killed by a soldier who isld he refused; to halt at a challenge. 81,000,000 Reel Crop YAKIMA, Aug. 18. (AP) A $1, 000.000 beet crop In the Yakima val ley was predicted today by R. L. How ard, Washington state manager of the Utah-Idaho Sugar Co., who an nounced his concern would construct a sugar refinery at Toppenleh In time to handle the 1937 beet crop. The new plant, he aald, would have t 1.600-ton dally capacity. Tight Return,. Fight fans are Invited to read the United Press leased wire de scription of the Bharkey-Louls fight which will be posted In the window of The Mall Tribune this evening. The main bout Is sched uled to start about 6 p.m., Med fnrrt lime. BASEBALL National (First Game) ... R. H. E. Brooklyn 3 10 0 New York 8 9 3 Mungo and Berres; Fltr-lmmons and Mancuso. 'R. H. E. Philadelphia . 7 I Boston 0 3 3 Passeau and Grace; Lannlng and Lopez. " (First Game) R. H. E. Chicago 8 10 1 Pittsburgh 11 0 French and Hartnett; Blanton, Swift and Padden. (Seoond game) : . . R. H. . Chicago 19 1 Pittsburgh 8 11 0 Lee and Odea, Hartnett; Hoyt and Padden. American ' R. H. E. Boston 8 10 3 Philadelphia 3 10 0 Drove, Rels and R. Fcrrell; Rhodes, Fink and Hayes. (First game): R H. E Detroit . 7 18 0 St. Louis 10 13 3 Lawaon, Sorrell and Hayworth; Bogsett, Wlbhardt, Kuott, Vauatta arid Hemsley. . PRICE ROCKETS IROUGHT SPUR; JUMP 20 CENTS CHICAGO, Aug. 18. (F) Corn price ahot up the 4 cents limit Just before the grain market closed today, equaling tbe highest price In the last decade, " September, corn led the advance and scored the maximum gain, oloelng at the top 1.1?W.16. Mot since May, 1928 haa 81.18 been paid for corn de livered In September. Not since June, 1029, when 1.10i a bushel was quot ed, has a higher prlco been paid than that at which corn sold today. Other deliveries of corn advanced about two cents a bushel In sympathy with the sharp upturn In September contracts. Hogs, on the crest of the sharpest advance since last aummer, advanced because of continued curtailment or receipts. An upturn of 30 cent a hundred pounds In the price paid for choice swine carried the top to 113.03, only 30 cents below the six year peak established here 11 months ago. - The drought, which reduced corn production expectancy to tho lowest volume In more than half a century, was the basis of the advance in the value of the cereal. IN DROP FROM PLANE ALLEGAN, Mich., Aug. 18. (AP) Two army fliers plunged to their deaths today when tbey leaped too late from a blazing two-place pur suit plane.' The plane was flying at low altitude with five other Self ridge field ships participating in the aecond army war games, when it burst into flamea, . Second Lieut. William W. Harding. 38, of Los Angelea, and his mechanic, Private Francis Maler, of Dowaglac, Mich, Jumped, but their parachutes did not open. THREE STOLEN AUTOS AU three of the cara stolen from Medford streets Saturday night have been recovered, it was announced to day. The Chevrolet sedan stolen from Mrs. Marguerite McAbee of Phoenix wa discovered by Klamath Falls po lice, it had been abandoned on the street of that city. ' A Chrysler sedan stolen from Wil liam Stolle was recovered a short time later near the Jackson county fairgrounds, by Sheriff 8yd I. Brown and state police. A Chevrolet convert ible coupe belonging to Carl R. Smith was found parked on a Medford street. Timber Land Hold ROSEBURO. Ore., Aug. 18. (AP) The sales of 97Q.M acres of timber in volving a sum of M2,6A3.64, was an nounced here by the land office this morning. The sales Included tracts In Linn, Polx, Coos, Lane and Yamhill counties. Income Shares Maryland Fund, bid 8.82; aisked !0.aa. Quarterly Income, bid 1.71; aektd 1 TELEPHONE RATES COT DEEPLY FOR Saving of $90,000 Year Promised Under Revised Tariffs Filed With Public Service Commissioner SALEM, Aug. 18. (AP) A saving of aDO.000 a year to Oregon patrons, under tariff revisions filed today by the Pacific Telephone & Telegraph company, was announced by the pub lic utilities commission. A reduction In the extra chnrgo for the hand scf or trench act telephone from 35 cents to IS cent a month and leading to Its eventual elimina tion after the user has had the hand set IB mounths, will affect 30.000 telephone users in Oregon and will result in a total reduction of $70,000. Keep Instnllntlon Fee The usual Installation charge of 91 will continue. Residents of suburban Portland will find that a rearrangement of the Portland base rate area will eliminate or red vice tho present mileage charges applying to their telephone service, the commission announced. The new tariff will ndjtiat long dis tance rates In Oregon In an effort to approach parity with the recent In terstate long distance rates filed by the Bell System with the federal communications commission, These reductions will Include chargeB for daytime calls from station to atatlon with some slight Increases between certain points for dayttmo peraonal calls. Increases will not ex ceed 10 cents, while reductions rnnged (Continued on Page Three.) MIMA PEAR HARVEST fN FULL BLAST, YAKIMA, Aug. J8.(AP) Heavy shipments of pears to freah fruit markets reduced foldings today as picking got underway throughout the Yakima valley. Fairly active buying waa resumed by canning company icpresentatlvea whose purchase price waa 22.B0 for No. 1 pears and 912.60 a ton for No. 9 pears. A. M. Johnson, manager of the Yakima Orowera Cooperative, said less than 25 per cent of the Bartlett pear crop In the Wenatchee valley remain ed unsold, Ho predicted higher prices. Vote Bus Service For G. P. Students GRANTS PASS, Aug. 18. (AP) School bus transportation for non- high school district students appeared assured today ss 24 of 30 districts re ported a budget vote favorable 343 to 147. A previous budget waa defeated June 1ft 313-118. Mrs. Ada, Weston, non-high school board member, de clared If the prcsont budget lost, bus transportation would be eliminated and the contract with the Grants Pass district revoked. PROHIBITION RETURN SEEN IN NEAR FUTURE PORTLAND, Aug. 18. (API Dr. D Leigh Colvln, presidential candidate of the prohibition party, predicted hero that prohibition will return In the near future. A campaigner against alcohol for 37 years, Dr. Col vln expressed the belief that the liquor situation is worse today than It was In tho saloon era, LOUIS HAS EDUE IN WEIGHT OVER SHARKEY NEW YORK, Aug. 18. (AP) Joe Louis, Detroit's Negro heavyweight bomber, will enjoy i 3 pound edge In weight over Jack Sharkey, former world's champion, In their ten-round bout at the Yankee Stadium tonight. Louis scaled 190 pounds at the welfrhlng-ln txlay; Sharkey, 197. More Farmers Seeking Conservation Benefits WASHINGTON. Aug. 18 (AP) Despite heavy reduction In some states, particularly In the cotton belt, agrlclutural adjustment administra tion officials epreeed belief today more farmera would participate In the new agrlclutural conservation pro gram than In the supreme court In validated farm program. While Btlll too early for definite figures on the number to participate In the new program, AAA officials said work-sheets for the nation to taled 4.IMM57, as compared with 3, 868.682 AAA contracts In 10119. AXcep' for some states tn the mid west, where etforis were mode to ob tain a worksheet for every farm In order to have accural data, offlclaj Idaho Queen Miia Jean Hodgson, selected (n a popularity contest, waa made queen of the Homesteaders' Jubilee rodeo t Caldwell, Ida. (Associated Press Photoi FORCED OPEN IN ACCOUNTING SUIT CHICAGO, Au. 18. (AP) The books of the Townsend recovery plan were opened today to a Clevoland at torney seeking Information for use In a deposition hearing for million dollar - accounting ault against the organization. Dr. Francis I. Townsend, father of the plan, and Ollmour Young, na tional secretary, who failed to appear In Cleveland for resumption of the hearing Monday, aald they expeoted to be there when the session waa re sumed Thursday, Benjamin C Saeharow, Cleveland attorney representing the Rev. Alfred J. Wright, who brought the ault and asked removal of Townsend trustees and appointment of a rocelver, dolved Into the booka with tho aid of Wil liam W. Schmttt, a Cleveland auditor. Bacharow was accompanied also by Oharlea H. Huubell, Cleveland ettor- (Continued on Page Five.) PEACE ATTEMPT MADE P.-l. SEATTLE, Aug. 18. P) Mayor John F. Dore and John O. Stevenson, chairman of the board of King coun ty commissioners, entered the Post Intelligencer strike picture today with efforts to bring together committees from the newspaper and the Seattle chapter of the American Newspaper guild. The stride entered Its sixth day with the Post-Intelligencer plant closed and picketed. There was no Intimation from the newspsper's ex ecutives whst steps, If any, were be ing taken toward resuming publica tion. The last edition was published Thursday morning. 13,196,000 Homes Needed'in 9 Years WASHINGTON, Aug. 18. (AP) An A. r. of L. estimate that 19.10IS.0Oa new homes will be needed by 1048 was coupled today with an opinion by Secretary Ickea that "necessity It self will assure the continuation of a valid housing program." Ickes aald he hoped that, with no federal funda available for new low cost housing projects, communities would "carry the work forward as lo cal enterprises." ' ' aald the worksheets generally repre sented farmers who Intended to take part In the program. A worksheet, It waa explained, con tained the data supplied by a farmer on his average plantings, plus require ments for participation In the pro gram. AAA officials said no definite In formation on the number of farmers taking psrt In the program would be available until claims were filed. Belief was expressed the number psrtlclpatlng may be considerably larger for the nation because the old program dealt only with certain basic commodities, while the new plan is based on soil building and soil con serving prsrtlcrs and may be applied to almost any laraier- AS WHEEL BREAKS Left Landing : Gear Gives -Way As Ship Hits Ground ; Wing, Propeller Hurt ' Repair Crew Is Coming ; Tlie left wing, landing gear and. -propeller of a twin-motored Martin . bomber owned by the United States army wore damaged when the plane landed at Medford municipal airport . late yesterday afternoon. .... The left landing gear collapsed aa , the ship hit the ground, the plane . tipping over so that the wing and .propeller dragged along the runway. , No one was Injured and the damage , waa described today as slight. Repairs are to be made here by a, service crew from Hamilton field. The crew la expected to arrive by truck tomorrow morning with new equip ment. Cadet at Controls. ' t When the accident happened; the plane was landing for refueling. Is was being flown from Tacoma to It , base at Hamilton field by Cadet T. B. , Sandegren. With htm were Cadet J. ' M. Heynolda and two prlvatea. Lieut. Robert Jarmon, Lieut. Milton Keppler and a mechanic arrived In (Continued on Page Five.) in pirun ni timet nr IBI I II Sill t'l HUIRIII III CHICAGO, Aug.- 8.iAP) De--tlvea Investigating tha fiendish slay ing of Mrs. Mary Louise Trammel! to day awung Into a widespread aearoh for James Oray, 31-year-old negro gambler. After receiving a telephone call at the oentral notice atatlon early todar. Sergt. James Coleman made a qutek trip to an undisclosed destination, but returned to announce "We mli aed Gray by two minutes. However, hta arrest Is a matter of houra." Assistant Prosecutor Morris Meysrs aald Oray had a police record aa' a "peeping Tom" and ordered police squads to comb the south side negro quarter for him. ' . .. . A note book and a gaudy green and white shirt prompted the hunt for Oray for questioning in connection with the death of the 9-year-old bride, who waa fattally beaten and (Continued on Page Two.) LOS ANGFLES. Aug. 18. (API-Strong-armed Lillian Copeland, 1B83 Olymplo women's discus ohamptoa, went to work as a deputy sheriff to day. The bobbed-haired, bespectacled athlete has a shiny badge and a temporary appointment, but- aha must pass a civil service examination In 80 daya to keep her present detail. The last discus throw lost her the feminine title In the Amsterdam Olympics in 1028. Four years later ahe won the laat throw here. Aa a University of Southern California co-ed, aha won national ohampton ahlps with the ahot, discus and Jave lin. . ROUTINE BUSINESS IS ON COUNCIL AGENDA Only routine business la scheduled to come before the regular semi monthly meeting of the council In city hall at 7:30 tonight. Anyone having business with the council la requosted to be present in council chamber on the top floor promptly at 7:80. Wife Puts Diary In Suit Against Young Al Smith SVRAOUSB, N. Aug. 18 (AP) A diary, described by Its owner, Mrs. Alfred E. Smith, Jr, aa "a very speclflo kind one de voted almost ontlrely to financial matters," appears destined today to play a major role In her separa tion action. Arguing a motion In supreme court for substantial temporary alimony and counsel fees pending a separation suit, a lawyer for Mrs. Smith asserted the diary showed Young Smith mad ai much as 830.000 a month from his New York City law praotlce be tween 1028 and 1032. Tha dtary was kept by Mra. Smith, the form er Bertha Oott. V