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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (May 31, 1935)
PAGE THREE ! the Ctimpagna used them os sheep- end of the 19th century ushered in a period of scientific exploration of these 'silent cities. Their Interest lies not only In religious appeal, but in secular objects found in the graves which throw light on the lives of early Christians." ripe Club Popular at College WILSON. N. C. (UP) The year old "I Smoke a Pipe" club has be come a leading organization on the Atlantic Christian college campus. Strictly stag. Its purpose, among oth er things .Is to "develop that sense of tranquility that comes to every de voted smoker of the pipe." hands, holding a record in each event. On Aug. 6. 1934, at Oslo. Norway, he recorded 54 feet 10 Indies with his iipM hand, and 39 feet 3 Inches with his ltfr. for a total of 94 feet. Dog and Cat Finally Quarrel. ANTIOCH, CM. (UP) For yoars a pet cat and dog lived together her without a quarrel. Recently, how ever, the cat had kittens and the Stole Truller-Ilouse Tires DALLAS, Tex. (UP) R, H. Edds li a sound sleeper, so sound In fact that he did not wake up when thieve removed all the tires and rims from ! folds. "Their rediscovery happened cen turlies later by accident. In 1578. some workmen digging in a vineyard, suddenly fell Into a gallery of graves with inscripiicas frescoes. The Track Star Ambidexterous BATON ROGE, La. (UP) Jack Torrance, giant Louisiana State truck j . star, can throw the shot with both Use Mall Tribune want ads. first argument developed over who's trailer-house in which he was tour- would mind the kittens. i ing through the south. OVER 500 MILES MEDFORn MATT, TRIBUNE. MEDFORD. OREGON. FRIDAY. MAY 31. IMS. Underground Cemeteries Are Work of Early Christians Millions Buried Most; Tombs Robbed for Relics' WASHINGTON. D. C (Spl.) Al though the world's unexplored patches are rapidly shrinking, places of mys tery still exist. Dramatic proof of this was shown recently when five boys were lost for several days In the Roman catcombs. These underground cemeteries hon eycomb the countryside surrounding Rome and undermine part of the city Itself a network of narrow, tomb lined corridors extending many miles. "Because of excellent guides, lights and the fact that few tourists stray away from their parties, getting lost Is a comparatively rare experience in the catacombs." says a bulletin from the Washington. D. C, headquarters of the National Geographic Society. Catacombs Impressed Dickens 'Confused by the numerous turn ings, crossings and recrosslngs of these melancholy tunnels, one could, however, wander for days and drop of exhautlon and starvation before finding an exit. Something of this thought occurred to Charles Dickens, who wrote, 'Good heavens. If In a sudden fit of madness, he (the guide ) should dash the torches out, or If he should be seized with a fit, what would become of usT "Unlike catacombs of many other countries, those of Rome did not originate from abandoned quarries. They were dug expressly for burial placos. Aside from a few Jewish cat acombs that preceded them, they were largely the work of early Chris tians, Roman laws forbade burial Inside the city walls. In Rome's hcy dey. the VI Appla and other splendid roads leading out from the Imperial City across a then-populous Cam pagna. were lined for miles with mag nificent mausoleums containing the ashes of wealthy Romans. Near these same highways. Christians Interred their dead in rock graves. "Wealthy Christians donated some of the burial plots. Poor but demo cratic Christians clubbed together to purchase others. When they had filled the surface of a plot with graves, they employed the same prin ciple of expansion used In modern skyscraper basemente and subways. They dug another layer of graves be neath the first, connecting them by stairs. Grave diggers sometimes ex cavated on five successive levels, bur rowing like moles at a depth of 75 feet, but generally they stayed be tween 20 and 60 feet, digging only three or four levels. Over 500 Miles of Passages "Although Rome's catacombs, num.- ; berlng over 40. do not reach beyond ; the third milestone, their Intricate network Is estimated to cover more than 500 miles. Among the largest and most famous of the Roman cata- j combs are those of St. Callxtus, of ' which some 14 miles have been ex- plored. "Tombs In the Roman catacombs are repute dto number at least several ' millions. Following a monk's glim- merlng torch down damp tunnels, originally built Just wide enough to admit two men carrying a bier, even the casual visitor cannot fall to be stunned by long vistas of tombs, oi recesses, piled up like shop-shelves one above another, sometimes to 12 ranges, on both sides of the corridor, j "Some are' still scaled with marble j slabs, but more are empty, their , riches, plundered, even the bones car ried away as relics. Some of the j tombs bear Inscriptions and symbolic paintings. Still others are marked I only by lamps, pieces of drinking ! glasses, and other objects pressed j Into the plaster when It, was fresh. I Little phials containing a reddish- j brown substance have been found. This was once thought to be the : blood of martyrs, but is now explain- j ed as a perfumed substance used to counteract the odor of decay, : Rediscovered by Accident "Here and there, tomb-lined gal- ; lerles expand Into vaults or chapels ; where funeral feasts were celebrated. 1 Some of these chapels are gruesomely adorned with mosaics of skulls and ! festoons of thighbones, presided over ' by skeletons in monks robes tied to the walls. In the third century, persecuted Christians began to seek refuge, and to hold religious meetings. In the catacombs, entering them through secret entreances in sand pits and quarries. In the catacombs of St. Callxtus, they descended by stairs which ended abruptly, and continued downward by ladder handed up to them by confederates below. In spite of all precautions, worshipers were frequently betrayed and massacred. Once, when a large congregation of Christian men, women and children entered a catacomb, pagan officials walled up both the entrance and exit. 'After the fourth century, Chris tlans began to bury their dead in and about basilicas, Instead of In catacombs, and by 410 they stopped using catacombs as burial places en tirely. Instead, they began to revere them as sacred shrines, making pil grlmaces to them. Pilgrims flocked into these human ant hills in such numbers that entrances had to be enlarged, stairs widened, and air shafts sunk to ventilate chapels. "In the sixth century the cata combs were ransacked by Goths, and in the elchth century by Lombards. This incited the popes later to carry off most of the remaining bodies and place them lor safe keeping in trie churches of Rome. At least 38 waeon loads of bones were deposited on one occasion in the rededicat'd Pantheon, theon. 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