Medford mail tribune., March 29, 1934, Page 1, Image 1

Medford Mail Tribune
(lltcil the TRIBUNE1 S
CLASSIFIED Al)9 . .
Lots of good bargains
that mean geoutoe
savings.
temperature.
Hlchett yesterday ............. 83
Lowest this morning .................- 44
Twenty-ninth Year
MEDFORD, OREGON, THURSDAY, MARCH 29, 1934.
No. 6.
rui
Dillinger Hunted on Highwa ; 5 in Medford Region
The Weather !
Forecait: Cloudy and uiuettled I
with rain tonl(ht or Friday. Moderate j
ON DUTY TO G. 0. P.
By PAUL MALLOX
(Copyright, 1934, by I'aul Mallon)
WASHINGTON, D. C. March 29,
The secret of the automobile strike
settlement lies In the weakness of
Ithe union.
Labor leaders talked big but they
could not cover up their unfavorable
Inner condition. They did not have
as many workers as they said, or
any of the highly skilled workers.
No one mentioned that fact, but the
employers knew It. So did President
Roosevelt. The result was that labor
got probably as good a settlement as
It could expect, but it did not get
what the American Federation of
Labor wanted.
Those who know the Inside of that
game say the American Federation
of Labor will never be able to or
ganize the Industry strongly under
fchat settlement. They expect tne ulti
mate outgrowth will be an entirely
new labor union setup baaed on sep
arate craft guilds (vertical unions)
rather than blanket unionism under
the American Federation of Labor
system.
That Is what Mr. Roosevelt had
in mind when he spoke about new
course in social engineering" find "a
new kind of works council in Indus
try." The American Federation of Labor
crowd caught the bidden implication.
60 did Senator Wagner. He was con
alderably perturbed, although he did
not let the White House know about
It,
The general Interpretation was that
Mr .Boojevelt was sending ! up to con?ress fm tne thlrd
balloon for his gu Id I council Idea and advocates
?Jtr.S JZ L! Sim hi. slogan. "Economic recovery-
was started backstage to guarantee
tker t Via vaooMnn tt'nil rl fit tMrl.
William Green Issued a statement
saying the automobile strike settle
ment made It absolutely necessary
that the Wagner industrial disputes
bill be passed. Indeed it did from
, his standpoint. The Wagner bill would
kill the guild idea. It would abolish
the company union, strengthen the
American Federation of Labor sys
tem. That is the game now to force
passage of the Wagner bill and
squelch the guild idea.
Those who have seen President
Roosevelt work from the Inside are
sure he will consent. He did not go
out far enough on the craft guild
limb to be embarrassed, no matter
which way the winds blow. Also he
has publicly indorsed "the general
theory" of tho Wagner bill.
It is true his crowd has never
played in very closely with the Amer
ican Federation of Labor boys. There
baa been some private grumbling
among the higher-ups about the
American Federation of Labor lead
ership. They seem lo be a little
doubtful about each other under the
surface, although they get along all!
right on top.
Stripped down to us roots, the au
tomobile agreement appears to mean
the president has settled the auto
mobile strike, but notning eise
, .1 H ua,,a tn I
be settled when the details are work-!
out j
calling In the lawyers j
They are
down at the NRA. That always means
trouble.
Within the last week about 25 at
torneys have been .hired, so many
that space In an outside building had
to be rented for them. They are to
serve in the trial section of the code
compliance division. Counsel Rich
berg has been In charge of setting
up the new organization.
The Implication Is that the NRA Is
soon going to be hell-bent for en
forcement of the code's.
Other evidence indicates the Blue
Eagle Is undergoing a general moult
ing and getting some new features.
Division Administrator Whiteside
pulled out half the conservative
plumage when he left. He was in
charge of more of the real inside
business than anyone else. In recent
months no love was lost between
Whiteside and General Johson, large
ly as a result of a personal matter.
Leo Wolman has been novenng
half-wav In nd half-way out. Sena-j
tor Wagner has pleaded with him to :
stay, but his position Is mildly em-,
barrasslng since tne Justice depart-
ment took Vie Welrton Steel case to;
the courts. !
Wolman was always doubtful about '
the government s legal grounds, and ,
he thought It would be safer to keep j
. .K-
The big Bit Eagle tall feather
see to be growing again. Every,
one ha. been talking about oeneral
Johnson getting out for nearly a year
now. He has denied It at least 50
times, t.he last time last week, and
people are beginning to believe him.
The situation haa worked around
to where he cannot ault. No one
knowa enough about the Job to take
hl nlare.
Clarence Darrow a administration ! John Harding, miner on the Long- P0"r' ""J ' ln "'"'
of the NRA review board la consid-1 well propert, went over the river t ' virtually the aame aa that for
e-asiv. dnjir than any of Lis prevl-! bank Just after crowing V.e railroad the corresponding period In 1933.
one public -.p.irarances. The board 1 at Oold Ray. He escaped from the The drop from the JO.OOO-ton quota
,i5 rot r. ,-.-;..ped anything new since flaming car with few injuries. tor the flrat three months of the year
tt lufjn, Dr.te conducts it lite a The remains of the car were i-d w explained by officials as e--nal.
court !.u!r.- nuasl-subpoeuas, M-jout Sunday morning and uk., .) a i Importers said the quota was Inade
?44 S4?oi . lcond.-lin(i iM la GOtl Potnl. 1 3itf (0 meet ttdxyu.
E
State Treasurer Clears Poli
tical Horizon by Brief
Announcement Formal
Platform and Filing Soon
SALEM, March 29. (AP) Rufua C.
Holman, state treasurer, announced
today that he would be a candidate
for the republican nori-.totlon for
governor.
Holman was In Portland today, but
his announcement was released thru
his office In Salem. In his brief
statement he said:
"I am persuaded that It Is my duty
to the progressives and to the mem
bers of the republican party of the
state and to all those who labor for
their dally bread, who have favored
me with nominations and honored
me with election, to permit my name
to be presented to the voters aa a
candidate for governor.
"My platform will be prepared and
my formal filing made In due time as
required by law."
SALEM, March 29. (AP) James
J. Mott, congressman from the first
Oregon district, filed with the state
department today for re-election to
congress on the republican ticket. His
slogan reads, "His rc-nomlnatlon and
re-election assures continued active
and experienced representation."
W. A. Ekwall, circuit Judge of Fort-
, ' ' . ' . ,,,, ..
Protection and happiness
...
I
. ..1. .nBp fA-
Jackson county products In the Port- j
land public market, the largest in
the world and conceded to be fie
most modern, was welcomed here to
day by the Medford Chamber ' of
Commerce, when presented by O, W.
Jackson, special representative of C.
Lee Wilson, president of the Port
land Public Market company.
The plan, expected to attract all
agriculturists of the valley, provides
for a Jackson county day at the mar
ket on Saturday, October 6, the
height of the southern Oregon harvest
season.
On that day space for all types of
exhibits will be granted Jackson
county producers with the opportu
nity of selling all produce displayed
with return of proceeds to this sec-
tlon.
A committee will be aooointed in
the Immediate future by the Cham-
ber of Commerce here to perfect plans
probable that there will be a special
train out from this city to Portland
to carry the produce and the visitors
who wish to accompany the exhibits
north.
In October, Jackson county will
have available a variety of pears, oth
er fruits and vegetables, which local
growers maintain are unexcelled In
quality. The day at the market will
enable them to better acquaint the
northwest with their products as well
as offering them an unusual oppor
tunity to sell them.
The Portland public market, opened
last December 15, occupies a $1,100,
000 building with parking space
within the market for 760 autos.
Cold storage and dry storage are pro
vided and it Is probable that south
ern Oregon stockmen and poultry
men will prepare a special offering
of meats to be Included In the pro
duce show.
Shoppers are provided with every
possime modern convenience in tne :
market. Elevator service is lurnlsnca,
conveyances for produce, doing away
"! tne oia carry an jour own
bundles'1 hazard to shopping.
Since open ng of the market, busl-
neas aas enjoyed a steady Increase.
"r- Jckson stated today, and the of.
"-'" - ,
"lmu to make the project one ,
ttewlde In "ope-
The Medford public market hasi
1 been olosed for several years and the
j Invitation to Portland will constitute
the first opportunity given Jackson
; unty producer, Inc, IU closing to
offer their products In a public mar
ket system.
MINER ESCAPES WHEN
CAR GOES OVER BANK
! TOLO. March S9
(Spl.J rteturn-
Rftttirriav about
; Ing from Medford
...n m aft.r wl tiff (nnu enlrf.
TO GROWERS FOR
28
Special
Last
Train of Pears Out
Night for Boat at
Portland to Be Shipped
to France Nets $1.75
Approximately $55,000 will come to
the orchardists of the Rogue River
valley, as a result of the shipment
this week of 38 cars of D'AnJoua pears.
The fruit left by special train last
night for Portland, where it will be
loaded aboard the motor ship "Oregon
Express," for shipment to France. The
"Oregon Express" 1a scheduled to sail
Friday afternoon.
This shipment, according to of
ficials of the Pinnacle Packing Co.,
will net the growers approximately
82.60 per box. FAS (freight aboard
ship.) ' Robert K. Norris, of the Pin
nacle company said this would net
the grower "around $1.75 net." Of
the special train 38-car shipment, 20
cars were consigned by the Pinnacle
company, and the remainder by the
SOS, and other fruit firms.
208 Cars Remain.
In storage here now, there are 308
cats of pears, 83 cars of apples, and
1722 boxes of loose apples, according
to the weekly Rogue river check-up.
By varieties, the storage sv.pply Is:
D'AnJous 18 cars
Winter Nells 108 cars
Apples - .... 82 cars
Loose apples 1722 bxs.
Shipments of fruit up to Wednes
day night totaled 41 cars of pears,
one of Winter Nelis, mixed varieties
two cars, and one car of apples.
The storage supply is now low, and
according to Mr. Norris, Medford has
the bulk of the pear supply of the
nation. Norris says this means a
good price for Winter Nells the bal
ance of the season.
Weather Favorable.
Weather conditions continue favor-
ame. a com area exists over uentriu
Canada, Observer Rogers reports. By
might shift this way. Cloudy weather
is the forecast for the balance of the
week. William R. Coleman, amateur
weather observer and 60-ycar resident,
predicts, "March will go out blustery."
Mr. Coleman observes that there has
been no equinoctial storm, and thinks
there will be one in April.
The young fruit is now setting and
petals are falling from the Bosc and
the D'AnJou trees, according to Horti
culturist Lyle P. Wilcox. Some of the
settings are as large as marbles.
Oorgc Hilton, field supervisor for
the Federal Emergency Crop Loan as
sociation, says that In his travels over
the valleyr he never saw the alfalfa
looking so green and good as after
the late rains.
BLAZE DESTROYS
E
The Jasper Hanna home, off the
Crater Lake highway, four miles be
yond Eagle Point, was destroyed by
fire about 10 o'clock this morning, a
complete loss resulting from the
flames.
Mr. Hanna, a cripple, was rescued
in his wheel chair, all membera of the
family being at home when the
flames were discovered In the roof of
the six-room frame building. The
fire, believed started by a spark from
the chimney, had made so much
headway when discovered, It was Im
possible to save household goods or
any portion of the dwelling, although
neighbors rushed to the scene Imme-
lately to offer aid.
.. ... ,ome Insurance on the
h0UMi according to the report from
(n4 dtalr,ct m0Unt was not
named.
Th H(mn& h0UM WM kn(mn ,
residents, familiar with the old
,
I APPLE AND PEAR
PARIS, March 39. (AP) The ap
ple and pear Import quota from the
United States was fixed today at 5000
tons for the three months ending
: tt"
Senate Overrides- V et Veto;
Added Expense a Problem
VETS AND FEDERAL
10
WASHINGTON, March 29. (p)
Here's what the new independent of
fices law means to veterans and fed
eral employes compared with the pre
vious lew and regulations:
Twenty-nine thousand World war
veterans are restored to the rolls per
manently at 75 per cent of what they
were getting prior to the economy act
of 1933. The compensation will de
pend on the degree of disability pre
sumed to have had service origin.
Review boards, acting under regula
tions Issued after the economy Uw
was enacted, had stricken these men
from the lists because of lack of
proof that their Injuries or diseases
were the result of war duty.
$100 (o Totally Disabled.
'Permanently disabled World war
veterans will get MOO a month in
stead of WO aa at present.
An unestlmatcd number of Spanish-American
war veterans are re
stored to the rolls at 75 per cent of
their old pensions. Review boards
also had eliminated this group be
cause they could not prove service
origin for their disabilities. Widows
and dependents also are restored at
15 per cent.
Federal -employes who are now
working at 155 per cent leas than
they were getting prior to the econ
omy act will get back one-third of
this out as of February 1 this year,
and another third July 1.
Cost. Totals $234,000,000.
It was estimated by the veterans'
administration and government of
ficials that the restoration of World
war and Spanish-American war vet
erans' benefits and pay to federal
employes would coat the government
about (234,000,000.
The restoration of full compensa
tion and hospitalization to about
336,716 World war veterans suffering
from proved service connected dis
abilities, and hospitalization and per
manent restoration of 75 per cent of
their former compensation to veter
ans whose disabilities are presumed
to have resulted from war service was
estimated by the veterans' bureau to
cost $41,800,000 annually.
Itestores Spnnlsh Vets.
The provision permanetly restoring
to Spanish-American war veterans
and their widows and dependents 'a
per cent of the pension Income re
ceived prior to March 19, 1933, was
estimated to cost $37,500,000 annually.
About $3,000,000 more would be In
volved in automatic salary and pen
sion Incrcaaes.
The restoration of 10 per cent of
the pay cut to federal employee was
estimated to cost $125,000,000 during
the coming flacsl year beginning July
1. Five per cent was restored, retro
active to February 1 this year, and
would entail $26,000,000.
The last census of the civil service
commission as of December 31, 1B33,
ahowed 591,675 such employes, all em
ployed by the federal government.
OTTOFKAfDIES
OF HEART FAILURE
NEW YORK, March 29. (AP)
Otto H. Kahn. banker and art patron,
died suddenly of hesrt disease at
1:45 p. m. hero today.
He was 66 years old.
Announcement of hia death was
withheld by Kuhn. Loeb and Com
pany, the banking firm of which he
waa a partner, apparently until after
the close of tho market.
The medical examiner's office, how.
ever, confirmed the death, aa did one
of Mr. Kahn's associates In the Metro
politan Opera company, of which Mr.
Kahn was a leading figure.
Mr. Kahn died In his office at
Kuhn. Loeb and company, 52 Wil
liam street.
MARTIN INSULL
POSTPONES PLEA
CHICAGO, March 29. (AP ) Mar
tin J. Insult emerged from a county
Jail cell today to be led bcfori- the
bar of Justice he had striven 17
months to $vte.
Escaped Bandit Reported
Seen Near Rogue River
JOHN Ma.it, umuiiourt linn
Indiana Jail, was reported seen this
River.
O.S.C. STUDENT KILLED
BY PAL IN PLAY DUEL
Kenneth K. Kutch, brother of Pnul
Kutch, left here this morning by. auto
stage for his home in Corvallis, culled
there by the trngio death of his
brother. Kenneth Kutch Is with the
CCC headquarters detachment, on
duty at tho fairgrounds here as clork.
CORVALLIS, Ore., March 29. (AP)
Paul Kutch, 21, of Albany, a stu
dent at Oregon State College, was
killed here today when a roommate,
Robert Venlc, 20, of Alameda, Cal.,
accidentally discharged a revolver he
waa cleaning. The bullet passed
through Kutch's head.
Coroner A. L. RTeeney said Max
Rothenberger of Portland, who waa in
the room at the time of the tragedy,
stated that Kutch returned from a
dance shortly after midnight, and
found Veale cleaning the revolver.
There waa considerable bantering
Rothenberger said, and the two young
men suggested a mock duel, Kutch
picking up a small caliber rifle. Roth
enberger said he paid no more atten
tion to the pair until he heard a
shot and saw Kutch fall.
SEEKS
06 SQUATTERS
Argument were heard this, morn
ing' by Circuit Judge H. D. Norton in
the suit of the Medford Water, Power
and Developmest company and the
Sterling Mining company, "to restrain
and enjoin" R. E. Banks, Roy Hlnes,
H. A. Turnbaugh and 63 other named
defendant, from further "squatter"
mining on the Sterling mine property.
Decision In the matter wu deferred
by the court until the first of next
week to afford the defendants time
In which to show title to the land
Involved. The court said title to the
land was a vital point that needed to
be cleared before a decision could be
rendered.
The defendant contend that some
of the land on which they are mining
is county property, some homestead
ed, and some Is private property.
They further set forth that they were
given permission to gold mine on the
(Continued on Page IT. reel
. !
CHICAGO, March 29. W) Calm
and dry-eyed. Dr. Alice Llndy j
Wynekoop began her trip to prison)
today to serve 25 years for the mur-i
der of her daughter-in-law, Rheta.
Still too feeble to walk, as a result
of the heart attacks which once
stopped her trial, Dr. Wynekoop wis
wheeled on! of the county J3ll i;i
an invalid's cijiir to BilUff Osbriei'a
big sedan,
uu unu or.ipeii temiUy from an
afternoon nenr the' town of Rogue
I An Inquest will be held following
the arrival of Veale's father from Ala
meda. The tragedy occurred In the
study room of the Lambda Chi Alpha
fraternity.
Veale is the- son of C, A. Vcale,
superintendent of the Southern Pa
cific system at Oakland.
Kutch was tho son of Alice J.
Kutch, Albany widow.
Vcalo Is an expert marksman, his
friends here said, 'and owns two rifles
and a pistol found ln the room. He
had Just finished cleaning the pistol
as Kutch came In. He had reloaded
it, but apparently did not realtra he
had done so.
Rothenberger said Kutch went over
to the rifle and picked It up saying
with a laugh, "Well, we might as
well have a duel." Veale replied tn
the same vein. "Yes, Just as well,
but you'll have to be quick."
Kutch Is said to have raised the
ririe toward Veale and the latter
pointed the pistol and pressed the
trigger. Kutch fell deed as Veale
leaped and caught him.
L
F
H. E. Wlrth of Portland, former
Medford resident, wa a visitor In
Medford today, and announced that
he would be a candidate for the gov
ernorship of Oregon on the inde
pendent ticket. He plsns to file di
rectly after the primaries, ha said.
Discussing his platform, Mr. Wlrth
said that he disapproved of Oregon
owning the hydro-electric power gen
erated at Bonneville dam, and 1 In
favor of utilities companies ln Ore
gon continuing to do business to save
the people's money Invested in stocks
and bonds.
Mr. wlrth said he advocated revalu
ation or their holdings and a rate out
on service. He declared he did not
believe in wrecking m legitimate busi
ness, but to aid such. His first In
terests, Mr. Wiith said, were "with the
farmer t.nd working people who actu
ally produce the wealth, " and waa In
favor of condition that will be a
benefit to all.
WILLOW SPRINGS CLUB
WILL MEET APRIL 5TH
WILLOW SPRINGS, Marsh 29.
(BpUMrj. Clyde Hanson will en
tertain the Willow Springs Thursday
club at her home on the Paclflo
highway Aplrl 6, Mrs. Sam Ander
son, Mrs. John Cat yand Mrs, Roy
Nlchr-ls will have charge of the pro
grar.i. This promises to be an c njoy
able meeting and membera art urged
to be pieeenW
Will USE
FOR MONEY?
FEDERAL HEADS
By T). Harold Oliver
WASHINGTON March 29. (AP).
The administration pondered without
Immediate answer today on where to
get another $228.000,000 the cost of
a surprising overthrow of President
Roosevelt's first major veto.
What'U we um for money?" that
in effect wa the query of govern
ment heads after the turbulent capt
tol scenes that accompanied the
break between congress and the chief
executive.
There waa no quick reply. Several
courses were open. Early speculation
had It that either new taxes would be
suggested or a deficiency appropria
tion voted to expand the budget by
the needed amount.
The latter course alont. without
providing new revenue, would mean
swelling the public debt just that
much more.
No Great Surprise
The senate's action last night, after
seven hours of furious debate, did not
cause quite the surprise engendered
when the overwhelming democratic
house defeated the veto.
By a three-vote margin of 63 to 27,
the senate engraved on the statuta
books the t33O.0GO.00O Independent
offices appropriation bill. - . .'
In tt were the Increased payments
for veterans and government em
ployes which had boen the bone of
contention,
Republicans 33 in all stood In
solid phalanx for the bill. They were
Joined by 2ft Democrats and the lone
(Continued on Page Three
MAY BE SUBJECT
The persistent malignancy of some
of the talemongerlng that has been
sweeping over the county the past
two week will probably result ln It
being called to the attention of the
grand Jury, at It next eeselon. Dis
trict Attorney Oeorge A. Codding said
today.
The county official admitted that
the origin and original source of
some of the gossip had been traced
and that a dozen or so who had told
the wild yarn had been questioned,
and had promised to divulge who told
them first. Some of those questioned
could remember perfectly what was
told, but not who told them. In one
Instance, the evil tale popped up
about the aame time ln three sec
tions of the comity, giving the sus
picion that the gossiping wa or
ganised and not "accidental."
Both Oregon and federal statutes
cover phases of the gossip now prev
alent, and provides Imprisonment and
fine, or both.
The most vicious falsehood has
been the fabrication that all the way
from two to 14 prominent citizens
and officials of the county had been
arrested. It broke out afresh till
morning, and phones buzzed with In
qulrie a to who waa In Jail and
why. Denials, and the fact that all
the pertlea supposedly arrested are
at large and going about their daily
duties, seem to Increase rather than
diminish the lying.
LEFT FOR
Men, hired by the Civil Works ad
ministration In Jackson county for
the week, ending today, March 29. are
asked to report for duty again tomor
row morning. It wa announced at
local headquarters this afternoon.
Advice ha been received from Port
land, calling for two more days of
work and those men will be hired
Friday and Saturday. The CWA pro
(gram will be officially terminated
(Saturday night. Wnat projecta will
then be continued under the Emer
gency Relief administration, which
Jwill supplant the CWA, th local
! committee wa not prepared to an
laouaoj (otUft
QUIZ
POLICE TIP SAYS
THUG TRAVEl
IN BIG M CAR
State, County and City Police
Throw Hasty Guard Along
Roads in North End of
County Cars Checked
Reports late tltts afternoon said
that two autos, one a small car,
followed by the big green auto,
had pawed through the town of
Rogue River, onto the Paclflo
highway. It was thought the
gunmen were traveling In the
larger car.
Receiving a report from Rogue River
at 1:55 this afternoon that John Dil
linger had been seen there, traveling
ln a "big green car," state police,
aided by city and county officers,
were guarding the Pacific highway
at the northern end of the county.
According to Sergeant O. O. Wil
liams at state police headquarters,
the report from Rogue River did not
state If the car was going north; or
south.
An Associated Press dispatch yea
terday said two cars, loaded with
about 10 men and two machine guns,
were seen yesterday at Bieber. ln
northern California, while the pre
ceding day a report from Brawley,
Calif., said a, service station operator
positively Identified Dillinger.
All cars that passed the P. B.
Junction, Just north of town, with
the exception of those which women
were driving, were checked by six
officer. Pour police were sftlll watch
ing the highway at press time, armed
with a machine guni
The Rogue River report was said to
have come from the town; and that
the person telephoning Medfovd did
not know which direction the car
took, after it crossed the bridge from
Rogue River onto the Pacific high
way. GRANTS PASS, Ore., March 29.
f AP) Sheriff 'a officials stationed
themselves at the junction of the
Redwood and Pacific Highways here
this afternoon on receiving a report
that a man believed to be John Dil
linger was heading toward this city
from Rogue River, Just over the
county line in Jackson county. ,
The call came from a state police
officer. The sheriff and his force
left hurriedly. No details were im
mediately available.
KLAMATH PALLS. March 29.
Klamath police went to the outskirts
of the city this, afternoon to meet a
"huge yellow sedan loaded with flvs
men and two machine guns."
They met a smalt yellow coupe
carrying two peaceable citizens.
TALENT MAN MISSING
FROM HOME 5 DAYS
State police and resident of Talent
have yet been unable to locate Lem
Stevens, 56-year-old shoemaker, who
disappeared from Talent Saturday,
State police this afternoon said they
had no Information for release on the
cae.
His mother reside in Talent, and
he Is satd to also have relatives In
Medford and Central Point.
Will
ROGER?
HOILYWOOO, Cal., SUrch
28. Mr. Wripley, the chewing
wax man, did a thing that will
eventually bcomo universal.
If set aside a sura of money
for unemployment insurance.
He put by a million dollars.
On April 1 steel will raise
waxes 10 per cent No April
fool joke out of that.
Funniest thins in this contro
versy over a bill to regulate
Walt Street. Wall Street uow
wants to write their own bill.
They arc pleading guilty, but
want the privilege of pronounc
ing their own sentence.
Wonder who the braintruster
was that wanted us to go Mos
cow! ,
Km
1