Medford mail tribune., January 30, 1933, Page 8, Image 8

PTGE ETC! TIT
ifEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE. IfEDFORD. OREGON, JfONDXT, JANUARY 30, 1933.
Storage, Transportation
Of Rogue Valley Pears
Discussed by U. S. Expert
Ed. Note: The following discussion or storaga nod transportation tetU
made with Rorue River valley pears Hu given at the January 28 meeting
of tha Fruit Growers League of Jackson county by Edwin Smith, horti
culturist, U. 8. Department of Agriculture, In charge of transportation
and storage. In the Pacific, northweat:
in making investigations ox I run
In storage and transportation is
of very great importance to start
with the fruit In the orchard and
have a complete history of Its treat
ment until It la ready lor consump
tlon. Very often variations In hand'
lmi Dears between picking and pre.
cooling have a greater Influence on
their storage or transportation qual
ities than variations of temperature
or other factors during the period
of storage or transport. We have been
very fortunate this year In being able
to have Mr. Chas. Powell In Medford
during the period uf harvest not only
to give special attention to the selec
tion and storage of lota from the ex
perimental plow at the Medford Ex
periment Station but also to select
pears for shipping and transporta
tion teats.
Reduced appropriations for trans
portation testa caused us during 1932
tn use shlPDlng tests more than the
more expensive transportation testa
where reDresentatlvea accompany m
freight tralna. With ' shipping teats
recording thermometers are placed In
xnerlmental boxes ot truit. At Htn
ford these have been placed In the
cara bv Mr. Powell and recovered and
observed In Hew York by either O. O.
Bratlev or J. S. wiant, who are sta
tioned there by the Department of
Agriculture to make similar atudlea
with fruit received from all parti of
tbe United States.
Following our investigational work
In California, a aavlng to the citrus
growera of from S35JKI to $40.00 per
car was made with precooled fruit
having but one re-lclng In transit,
Instead of the regular standard re
frigeration. Following up this char
acter of work In the northwest we
have been Investigating the shipment
of Bosc pears with less Icings tn
transit. Some aavlnga have already
been effected through ahlpplng with
Initial Ice Instead of standard refrig
eration and, later In the season, In
hipping without tee la transit, In
stead of with Initial Icing.
. One or the greatest promises of
transportation aavlnga during 1032
was associated with the water trans
portation or pears through the Pan
ama canal to New York City. Under
the existing railroad rates the ship
ment or peara on the chartered
steamer Carrlllo in October saved the
Hood River growera approximately
33c per box, making a total aavlng
on the one shipload of about $20,000.
When It was certain that this ship
ment would be made the Hood River
growers asked the Department of
Agriculture to place an Investigator
on the ship with equipment to record
temperatures In varloua parte of the
holds with the special equipment
which the government has available
for Just such work.
Immediately It waa known that
thla work might be undertaken, atepa
were taken to set aside sample boxea
of pears from the same orchard pick
ed and stored the same day. Some
of these test boxea or pears were dis
tributed In various parts or the ahlp
and others were ahlpped overland In
refrigerator cars with recording ther
mometers during the normal ahlp
plng season and recovered and held
for storage In New York City along
side the elmllar test toxes carried In
-the ahlp via the Pans tut canal, '
The test boxea of peara are being
Withdrawn and ripened at New York
during the winter. Although the
critical teat will be at the end of the
storage season, at the present time
results of this work Indicate that the
shipment of peara by water was suc
cessful and recorda and observations
made In connection, with the work
will be or great assistance In making
even more auocesstul shipments In
future years.
One of the ahlpplng problems
with Medford pears la connected with
winter shipments and how to save
that money lost from pears being
frozen or from peara being made
over-rips through the application of
heat to prevent freealng. Adequate
ly to do Uils work requires accom
panying the train to take tempera
tures and regulate the application of
heat across the continent. Through
the cooperation of the Medford ship
pers and trana-contlnental railroad,
the Department of Agriculture did
thla during the months ot December
1031 and 1032.
The transportation trip made dur
ing December 1B32 waa a most Inter
eating one on. account of the ex
tremely low atmoapherlo tempera
tures encountered. We had two days
MEWP.EB.THE ORDER
Our Invalid Coach
We have a modern Invalid coach
that is available at all hours. It Is
completely equipped, and is far bet
ter for the purpose than any private
car.
Those who have occasion to call an
ambulance, might do well to remem
ber these facts when it is necessary
to convey an ill or Injured person .
to a place of relief.
PERL FUNERAL HOME
JAaxtLciciMA
OFFICE OF COUNTY CORONER.
SIXTH AT OAKDALf, -PHONE 47
of aero weather before leaving the
state of California and out of eleven
daya to New York seven days wit
nessed the mercury going below aero
with a minimum of 34 below at
Evanston. Wyoming.
Reference to the temperature
charts will show that we made obser-
vatlona on a car under the Carriers
Protective (heater) Service, a car
where a minimum amount of heat
was applied to protect the load, sc
cording to the temperatures Inside
the car: two cara where building
paper was used about the load, with
straw atuffed beneath the floor racks
and along the aide walls; a car with
a mixture of mill pavings snd saw
dust beneath the floor racks and
along the walls to the height or the
bottom layer or boxea which are first
to freeze; and a car with wet shav
ings and sawdust beneath tbe floor
racks and with baga.of the same wet
material In the bunkera and between
the bracings at the doorway.
Of the additional protective meas
ures to prevent freezing the wet
shavings and sawdust were outstand
lng. This car had but one heater
lighted a total of 65 hours while the
other cara had heaters lighted a total
of from 100 to 123 hours, and still it
protected the bottom layer or fruit
surprisingly well. When unloaded
two daya alter arrival In New York
no Ice cryatala were fround In the
fruit from this car. Although un
questionably aome of the peara must
have been frozen near the doorway
and -at the bunkera on the floor of
the car, only a slight shrivelling in
an occasional Cornice gave any evl.
denoe or Injury. The test seems very
conclusive that the latent heat or
ruslon In rreezlng the water at 32
degrees In the material beneath the
floor racks, as well as In bunkers and
between bracing, had much to do In
protecting the pears from:' freezing,
as peara freeze at between 28 and
20 degrees.
Very little rreezlng damage toss ob
served In the cars under regulsr heat.
Tbe boxes along the walla and at
doorway and bunker on the floor n
the car with minimum heat had an
average of 10 percent of the peara
frozen.
The use or straw and paper as well
as the dry shavlnga and sawdust
gave some protection at the outset
but when outside temperatures drop
ped below aero the bottom layer of
pears began to freeze In these cars.
Th dry ahavlnga and sawdust gave a
performance slightly leas effective
than the straw and paper but at a
very much less coat. If future tests
with wet shavings and aawduat aub-
atantlate the. findings In the test of
December we will have round a sup
plementary protection very much
more effective than straw and paper
at a saving of some $10.00 or $13.00
per car. , This means or protection
also will embody the advantage of
being able to apply heat In cases of
extreme weather such as we encoun
tered. The paper and straw method
of loading shuts off the circulation
or heat ao that .when heaters are used
it Is dlffloult to have It affect the
temperature In the bottom layer of
boxes.
The December test carried test
boxes of peara from the various plots
at the Medford Experiment Station.
These peara along with test boxes
of Howell, Cornice, and Bosc were
under observation before and after
ripening following their hazardous
trip to New York. Pears which froze
badly on this trip recovered to a sur
prising degree. Boso peara which
were frozen solid recovered and rip
ened with satisfactory quality and
texture excepting those peara having
bad bruises where sunken areaa ap
peared. Anjou peara seem more In
clined to ehow shrivelling following
severe freezing.
Providing sufficiently cold weather
prevails during the next ten days.
additional observattona will be made
between Wenatchee and New York
during which we hope again to test
methods of protection developed dur
ing uecemner on our test out of
Medford. If they prove as effective
upon repetition, we shall feel that
the winter work of 1032 represents
progress of very practical application
in solving the problem of winter pear
shipments, the solution of which
means real aavlnga to the growers of
the Rogue River valley and of the
northweat generally.
Real Bttat or Insurance Laav it
'u Jonas Phone 7M.
W.W. kiOt THE GOIOIN MM
i!m t.
CAPITAL BLINKS
El
OF THE KINGFfSH
(Continued from Page One)
It had no effect on Harrison. He
voted for cloture.
Hawkshaw the Detective did a neat
inside Job on tbe Olaas case.
He (Senator Moses of New Hamp
shire) furnished the companionship
and the capacity, while Republican
Leader Watson furnished the refresh
ments for Huey Long during tbe fili
buster. They kept Long steamed up to em
barrass the Democratic leadership as
much as possible. That la whst was
behind Democratic Leader Robinson's
charge that they were "encouraging"
Long.
The A Smith for CQDelanH tntri. In
the aenste Is being pushed strongly
oy some uemocratic influences. They
have the Idea that Ogden Mills will
run for Senator Cooeland'a seat next
year. They also think it quite pos
sible that Congressman Wadswortb
may get Into the Republican race.
u omitn goes to the senate tn
Copeland'a place, neither Mills nor
Wads worth would care to run against
him. The Democrats wmiM ...tiv
preserve a aeat that otherwise might
d lost, mat argument may be used
on Smith. . .
Mr. Ronaeve, ntit 1 1 , , i - i i ....
" I"-- " I u tuMwi
pressure on his house leaders for the
Olsss bsnklng bill. That altera the
outlook.
The darner ermuA ho, ....
mUCh far the OIrm fln.nj.lal ,
They had planned to put their guar-
..ra vi uaiiK .deposits proposition
on the bill as a rider. That would
have had the effect of killing It. Sen
ator Glass would never accept it.
Mr. Roosevelt told the hnv. mnfl.
dentlally when he was here that he
Wanted tWO hill. nau.H H-n -.
Journment the rarm bill snd bank
ruptcy. He did not aay anything
about beer, repeal or taxation. They
will all come in the special session
ister.
The larm news effectively .inn
the Inside rumors that m. n. .1.
waa weakening on the allotment plan.
iiuj wero uasea on a private report
Prof. Tugwell made to th. nn,Mnt.
elect after the bill naaaed th. hnm
The report waa extremely critical.
ino senate win seek to revise It
to meet TugwelJ's objections.
The rjreKlrient..l.f. ,nM ..
leaders who csme to see him that he
emu on nis -i-opeaa epeech. That
waa lntemreted hu t.h.m tn
products could stay in the bill wheat,
hubs, cotton, tooacco and dairy pro
ducts. ADnsrentlv Mr RnnaMV.U HIH nn,.
know or care that Mr. Hoover would
veto the bill. Neither was he con
scious Of th. annimant, h -am. r
his friends that the Democrats ought
not to give Mr. Hoover the chance to
veto It.
Wa
Well. I can't tell you
much of anything about
what is in Chesterfields
BUT I smoke a good deal, and I noticed
that they said that Chesterfield Cigarettes
were milder and tasted better; so I smoked a
package or two and found it to be true.
I also noticed that the cigarettes were well
filled, seemed to be the right length and the
right circumference, and burned uniformly
not up one side and down the other.
I liked the aroma very pleasing. I liked the
appearance of the cigarette the paper, dead
white. The package rather appealed to me.
I don't know exactly what it is, but I just
like 'em. It's about the only luxury that I en
joy;o I think it's all right for me to have a
good cigarette, and I believe Chesterfield is
just about the best,
CluutrluU Assfe ViTast Brsry nifht ex.
. cap. Sunday, Columbia eossltocoast Nstwork.
Divorce Rate to Continue Up,
Family. Life Decline Further,
Social Trends Group Asserts
By HERBERT YAHRAES, JR.
YORK (JP) That the divorce rate will continue to Increase , tbe
size of the family continue to decrease, and still more of tbe family
functions be taken over by outalde agencies are among the conclusions
presented in the report of the President's Research Committee on Social
Trends.
DIVORCE SEEK ENDING
FIFTH OF "33 MARRIAGES
NEW YORK W The prediction
that "one of evwy five or six bri
dal couples of the present year
will ultimately have their marriage
broken In the divorce court" if
present trends continue Is made
In the report of the President's
Research Committee .on Social
Trends.
In 1900. the report says, there
were 30 divorces for 10.000 mar
ried persons; In 1930 there were
3a, the figures being based on the
total number of married persons
and not on the marriages for any
one year. With the possible ex
ception of Soviet Kus&la, the Uni
ted States has the highest divorce
rate of the countries for which
statistics are available.
Homes broken by death de
creased from 7.8 per cent in 1900
to 4.0 per cent in 1930, but homes
broken by divorce, annulment or
separation Increased from 0.7 per
cent to 8.8 per cent.
However, the report finds little evi
dence that the family will disappear.
it has "declined In social signifi
cance," the report says, "although
not in human values."
The factory, the school, the store
and the state have taken over ac
tivities that once tended to keep the
family together, the report declares,
leaving its stability dependent on
"the strength of the tie of affection,
correlated sentiments and spiritual
values, the Joys and responaib ill ties
of rearing children."
How to strengthen this tto is a ma
jor problem. It says.
"The stability of the future fam
ily Is not clearly seen." writes Dr.
William F. Ogburn, of the University
of Chicago. "It rests a good deol m
what research will discover, and the
wide dissemination of the results.
Cites Need for Harmony
"The problems of husbands and
wives," he says, "reach their crisis in
separation or divorce and mainten
ance of strict divorce laws represents
society's major effort to deal with
them. Yet the more fundamental
problem for the future stability of
the family is to ward off the dishar
mony which leads to separation."
He finds "a growing need not only
for more knowledge" in the field of
inherited variability, habit and the
relationship of physiological and psy
chological behavior" but also for
agencies to disseminate such knowl
edge. And, he declares, "some sort of
preparation for family life la needud
for the unmarried, for most of them
will marry."
The report says that "many
peoples have had higher rates of I
'at hit alout
separation and remarriage" than
ours but that few cultures "have
or ever have had families which
perform as few economic func-
tions as do American families to
Nday dwelling tn city apartments.
Theae facts suggest," it says, "as
does a projection of tbe divorce cuive,
that our culture may be conducive
to further increases in divorce unless
programs are Instituted to counter
act thla tendency."
Homes Losing Out
"It may be that e'ectrtclty la slow
ing up the migration of work from
the home," Dr. Ogburn declares, "but
most of the evidence points to the
further transfer of functions from the
home."
For the near future he expects
that the family "will bear the major
responsibility in developing the per
sonality of Its children.
But the task being an Increasingly
difficult one, "society may be ex
pected to give more attention to this
vital question, particularly because
of a diminishing supply of children.
The report finds that In spite
of the growing divorce rate, the
married population 15 years old
and older Increased from 55-3 per
rent In 1890 to 60.5 per cent In
1930, though the rate of Increase
tn 1930 and 1031 was less, "as 1s
usually the case during a busi
ness depression."
By sections, the divorce rates per
10,000 married persons In 1930 were:
New England states, 34; Middle At
lantic states. 14; South Atlantic
states, 24; Pacific coast states, 60; ad
joining mountain states. 70; central
states, rates Intermediate between
those of the coastal regions.
A slight decrease during 1920-1030
in the proportion of married people
between the ages of 15 and 24 "sug
gests that the movement toward ear
lier marriage which has been going
on at least since 1890 may have stop
ped and a reverse trend set In."
The report finds that the size of
the family probably will continue to
decrease, though the decline has been
neither great nor rapid," a sample
study showing that the average size
of the unbroken family living at
home was 3.67 in 19300 and 3.57 n
1030, a decline of 2.7 per cent.
Little Town Makes Big Claim
LOY ALTON, Cal. (F) This little
town of 821 population has laid claim!
'to being the third largest city in Call- j
forma, exceeded only in-size by Los
Angeles and San Diego. The claim U
made on area rather than population
with 78.84 square miles in the town's
boundaries.
For Immediate clearance hats
formerly priced up to (10.00
now 50c and $1.00.
ETHELWYN B. HOFFMANN.
FLAX PLANT LOSS
SALEM. Jan. 30. (AP) Net loss
to the state on its 1932 flax opera
tions was $38011, compared to a loss
of (37,792 In 1931 and (218,306 In
1930 according to a report by William
Elnzlg, secretary of the state board
of control. -
Reductions In losses have been oc
casioned by a marked cutdown In the
amount of flax purchased and the
price paid, and by severe retrench
ment in manufacturing expense, tbe
report stated.
In 1932 the state purchased only
(22,737 of flax, or total of 1019
tons compared to 301& tons for (70,
422 in 1931 and 8741 tons for (314,-
598 in 1930.
Manufacturing expenses at the
prison in 1932 totaled (37,387. In 1931
they were (55,037, and in 1930 they
were (95,819.
MRS. ANNA WALKER,
Mrs. Anna Walker, wife of Butler
Walker and one of southern Ore
gon's best known pioneers, died Sat
urday on the donation land claim of
her parents. John P. and Mary Ann
Walker, who came 'west in '53. The
home is located Just east of Ashland.
Besides her husband she leaves four
daughters. Misses Letba and Marie
Walker, Mrs. Dan Kay and Mrs. Stan
ley Paegal.
Funeral services will be held at the
Stock parlors In Ashland Tuesday
afternoon a; 1:30.
.8
Bids ordered today by the county
court for tires for county automotive
equipment, will be opened February
8, it was announced.
Bids were awarded last week to sup
ply gasoline and greases and motor
oil for county equipment. The Stand
ard Oil company submitted the low
est bids for the gasoline, and the
Texaco company for the greases.
The bids are for the coming year's
needs, and were made on a 75,000-
gallon basis.
New Laboratory for Marconi
ROME (Jp) The government has
appropriated (180,000 to construct a
central laboratory for the national
council of research of which Marquis
Marconi, inventor of wireless teleg
raphy, is president. The council su
pervises moat of the laboratories In
Italy.
1 .
Pot Fuel Oil aeUven, Phone 332.
Retaking Trucking Company. We give
3. & H. green stamps.
HESTERFIELDS ?
VjZfTX-M AT , yffi J, i ...iini..,,, 1 l is,
SNOW SETS OFF
ROTARY PAILS
Local motorists who have traveled
over the Pacific highway during the
recent snow conditions have been
impressed with the manner in which
the Rotary highway posters stand out
against their background of snow.
- These colorful oil paintings, de
signed to advertise the resources and
scenic attractions of Medford and
the Rogue valley . are proving effec
tive during winter travel as In sum
mer and have been the subject of
much favorable comment This un
ique advertising plan which was
sponsored by the Medford Rotary
club is said to be . accomplishing
some real results la adver...d this
community and all southern Oregon
Woman Injured
In Auto Smash
EDEN PRECINCT. Jan. 30. (Spl.)
A big sedan, driven by a woman,
left the road opposite the Bonham
place south of Phoenix Tuesday
night and went Into the ditch along
side of the highway.
The car turned completely over and
landed on its wheels rlghtslde up.
The top was almost completely ruin
ed. The woman sustained a badly cut
EXTRA FANCY LUMP
CAR COAL NOW ON TRACK
Use ROYAL and reduce your fuel cost.
ROYAL is the purest Utah coal mined. No
rllnkers no coal dust and It lasts longer.
Let us deliver you a ton or a smalj lot
today.
Dry Fir
The very bent you
can buy. All dry.
F. E. Sams sa Co.
Phone 833.
f it v
4 vv -s
1
i s v
li,
leg from tbe ankle to the knee, but
was able to crawl out of the wreck
and cross the rtad to the Bonham
house. Her men Stalks came snd took
her home that same morning.
STAINLESS
Same formula . . same price. Is
original form, too, if you prefer
'or
10 COLDS
VapoRui
OVERW million jars used yearly
sav!e
your health and teeth. At
these prices you can alford to
have your dental work dons
now. . .
Extractions as low T M
Silver Fllllne as low as 1.00
Cement Fillings as low as- l.uo
Porcelain Fillings as low as 1.00
Gold Crowns as low as fi.00
Plates as low as 13.00
DR. R. D. COB
404 Medford Center Bids.
Phone 340
Per
Ton
Delivered direct from
car to you TODAY
- Fuel Oil
Any kind you want
Quick service
229 N. Riverside
jjnt, a j.
s& is
if
Li&cirT & MvU Tobacco Co.
people know it ,