HOME AND FARM MAGAZINE SECTION
is not tho record of production for land.
Demands Net W eight of Apples
Count of Apples in Box Mot Sufficient, Is Ruling.—Fruit Men
Fear It Will Work Hardship.
HE
D ep artm en t of A griculture
hands down an opinion th a t the
num erical coim t of apples or pears
in boxes is in su fficien t to insure knowl
edge of the contents.
U nder the F ederal Food and D rugs
A cts as am ended M arch 3, 1913, and
w ith regulations of Food Inspector De
cision 154, the co n ten ts of a fru it box
m ust be given in q u a n tity on outside
o f box. In section 8, p arag rap h 3, u n
der “ F o o d ” as am ended by act of
M arch 3, 1813, clause A reads, “ Ex
eept as otherw ise provided by the regn
lation, the q u a n tity of contents in all
eases of food, if term s of w eight, m eas
ure of numerical count, on th e outside
of the covering of co n tain er usually d e
livered to consum er.” A nd in (B )
“ The q u an tity o f th e contents so
m arked shall be the am ount of food in
th e p ac k a g e .” And in (C ) “ The quan
tity of co n ten ts shall be so stated in
term s of w eight or measure unless the
package be m arked w ith numerical
count giving accu rate inform ation as to
th e q u a n tity of th e food in th e pack
a g e .” Clause (H ) sta te s th a t the quan
ti ty must be giver! in a minimum of
w eight, measure or count, fo r example,
“ minimum w eight 160 o x .” “ The
statem en t m ust approxim ate th e actual
q u an tity and th ere shall be no toler
anee below the stated m inim um .”
When th e provision w as rendered it
was believed by the grow er and expert
shippers and by the dealers them selves
the counting num erically would be s u f
ficien t to achieve the protection at
which th is bill was aim ed, and at the
same tim e not place a serious obstacle
in the w ay of grow er and shipper.
T
Out of a Clear Sky.
*
p ractical fru it man in every respect,
has already started th e ball rolling to
fin d th e ex act sta tu s of the situation,
and if possible a rem edy for the hard
ship, which he says will undoubtedly
be w orked by a m easure so radical.
“ The fru it grow ing in terests of tile
country a re wholly u nprepared to com
ply w ith such co n d itio n s,” said Mr.
Bateham .
“ The
requirem ent,
an
nounced as it now is, ju st as the crop
is ready to move, will cause a trem en
dous h ardship on fru it grow ers and in
ev itab ly resu lt in wide co n fu sio n .”
To Try to Change.
Mr. B atem an proposes to reach the
secretary o f the D epartm ent o f Agri
cu ltu re and endeavor to induce him to
act in accordance w ith tho reasonable
expectatio n s of th e fr u it interests. A
g reat many fru it men passed opinion
on th is m easure and assumed th a t its
inten tio n s were p erfectly plain, eonsid
ering it settled th a t the num erical
count would be su fficien t. The same
view was en tertain ed by all the inter
ests w orking for th e stan d ard apple
box bill, also, or undoubtedly they
would have taken it in to consideration.
Mr. Bateham is o f the opinion th at
a relief would be experienced if the
position were m odified to the ex ten t of
allow ing th e num erical count in apple
boxes not sm aller th an the standard
Raker, or 104x114x18 inches inside
m easurem ents. But as it seems to stand
at th is tim e, som ething must sta rt or
som ething else will stop. “ The atti
tild e , as tak en by the G overnm ent on
th is su b ject, is wholly unw arranted, ”
said .Mr. B ateham . “ In all my experi
ence as grow er and shipper I have
never heard a buyer complain of being
deceived as to q u a n tity .”
S upplem enting tho above the E x
change has received advice from a
Rogue R iv er affilia tio n th a t if abso
lu tely necessary th ey would mark boxes
“ 42 lb s .” However, Conrad Rose of
W enatchee contends th a t 4(1 lbs. is more
in line and th a t: “ B uyers and deal
era u n derstand th a t th is m arking will
be done to comply w ith the law, anil
all fru it is bought and sold by them
on its m erits, and th ey know, perhaps
b e tte r th an anyone else, ju s t w hat the
package c o n ta in s.”
The N orthw estern F ru it Exchange
have agreed with Mr. Rose on the adop
tio n of th e 4(1 lb. stan d ard and have
notified all th eir a ffilia te d exchanges
to use same if no relief is forthcom
O ut of a clear sky comes th e an
Bouncement from one of the actin g
reeretaries of the D epartm ent of A g ri
culture, as evidence of th e in terp re ta
tio n of th a t dep artm en t o f th e pro v i
sion in respect to fru it, th a t “ A sta te
mi nt o f the number of rp p les or pears
contained in a box is not a satisfae
lo ry compliance of th e Federal Food
and D rugs A ct as am ended by the
act of M arch 3, 1913, or w ith the regu
lation 29 as am ended by Food In sp ec
to r Decisions 154, inasm uch as it does
not give accu rate inform ation as to the
q u a n tity of food in the package. T hat
there is nothing in such a statem en t to
indicate w hether th e apples are small
or large, and nothing th a t indicates
the capacity o f th e box.
A. F. Bateham , vice p resident o f the
N orthw estern F ru it Exchange, and a ing.
C om paratively few varieties of soy
beans are now- on the m arket. O f those
for both hay and seed production, the
Wilson and P eking are recommended
fo r the full season; for a shorter season,
— 0Y BEA N S are well ad ap ted to the th e Ito San and Ebony are well suited.
soil and clim ate conditions of a F or green m anuring or sowing in corn at
large section of th e U nited S tates, tho last cu ltiv atio n , th e Mammoth Yel
the crop being an im p o rtan t one in low is valuable.
m any p a rts of the country.
Soil fo r soy beans should receive as
Well cured soy bean hay is equal to thorough preparation as land for corn.
a lfa lfa hay in p a la ta b ility and feeding Soy beans do well on a sod. A m ixture
value. For a b rie f period soy beans of 400 pounds of acid phosphate and 100
m ake an excellent p asture, especially pounds of m uriate o f potash applied nt
desirable fo r hogs. Soy beans may be th e ra te o f 250 to '.00 pounds per acre
used satisfacto rialy fo r soiling and en is recommended.
•il age.
The seeds o f soy beans contain as
much protein as linseed meal, and al
m ost as mueh as cottonseed meal. Feed
in ig trials indicate th a t soy bean grain
NY C H ILD can have a thousand
in a large measure may tak e the place
dollars saved up by th e d ay he is
of coneentrated feed s for all classes of
tw enty-one if his p aren ts o r others
Mock.
Soy beans yield from 20 to 30 b u sh will loan him a piece of land fifty feet
els of seed per acre, and from 2 to 4 square and i f his school and com m unity
ean furnish him th e rig h t kind o f in
tons of bay.
The growing of soy beans improves Struetm n. gnidanee and encouragem ent
the soil by increasing its store of ni in m aking th e most of th e land.
Soy Beans
S
Childrens’ Savings
A
trogen and by correcting its physical
condition. Where red clover fhils, or is
not adapted, soy beans may be substi
tuted The erimson elover erop may
be followed the same season by soy
beans, thus producing two forage crops
ia one year on th e same land.
On account of their rapid growth, soy
beans are admirably adapted for a eateh
erop after wheat, early potatoes or other
early maturing erops. 8ov beans have
a wider nse than cow peas, are a richer
feed, are more easily eured for hay or
harvested for seed.
Soy bean. have
yielded decidedly more seed tbaa cow
peas. Soy bean varieties range ia ma
ta rty from 70 to 140 days.
Thia is the declaration of Dr. Hodgi^
professor of Social Biology in the Uni
versity of Oregon, who was one •? ISe
first men in the United States to work
out the school garden system. This be
did in Worcester, Mas»., where he was
the head of a department ia Clark
University.
All this nature work Dr. Hodge be
lieve« should form a portion of the
child's edueatio%anyway, and the profit
of >50 or so a year to be put out at in
teract, would be pure gain.
“ I have a little girl ia Cleveland,”
sayi Dr. Hodge, "who made >250. 83
ont ef a back yard garden patch last
year. I am not at all certain that thia
H er plot was only 50 by 52 f e e t O f
course, sho hud th e b est land, the best
of direction, and the best m arkets. ‘Oh,
1 enjoy it so m u ch ,’ she told me when I
protested th a t she m ight be w orking too
hard w ith all her school w ork besides.
‘ I d o n 't make hard work out o f cither
my school work or my garden. ’
"G e n e ra l p ro fits from a garden, of
course, can not ru n an y th in g like this,
though sometimes w onderful p ro fits can
be made by the discovery of some little
special crop to meet a special demand
in a location of normal scarcity. A boy
or girl m ight, for instance, p re tty near
ly control a supply o f some such thing
as m int, or w ater cress, in a d istrict
where th ey were not common. Seeds
and high bred poultry lire o th er possi
bilities fo r a small plot of land.
" T h is little g irl in C leveland was
able to g et q u ality prices. Khe «bowed
me one straw b erry 5J inches in eirciim
fereuce, w eighing th ree ounces, almost
big enough to slice up like a tom ato.
I am not sure th a t children a re par
ticu larly adapted to q u ality produc
tion, b u t 1 think th a t the best eduea
tional results nre obtained by m aking
th e e ffo rt in th a t d ire c tio n ."
13
Added b u tte r color does not have any
effect upon th e mottles.
Work th e b u tte r only enough to din-
trib u te th e sa lt evenly.
Do not touch tho b u tte r w ith the
hands. Use wooden paddles.
Keep ehuru an d b u tte r utensils per
fectly clean, using hot w ater w ith some
good w ashing powder.
POTATOES IN POTS.
To secure an early supply of new po
tatoes next season plant th e tubers of
nay good early v ariety in pota and
sta rt them in the house. Four or five
inch pots can be used, filled only about
two thirds full of soil, leaving room fo r
a top dressing of soil to be supplied as
the plants grow, a fte r th e m anner o f
hilling up potatoes when grow n in the
garden.
O ne p o tato is su fficien t for
each pot.
Time the p lan tin g so the p lan ts will
he well sta rte d in th e pots when they
are to be tra n sp la n te d in the garden a t
the time th e tu b ers aro usually planted
outdoors.
I f there is a well v en tilated , cool
light place, such as a cold fram e or
cool greenhouse, in which to grow them
potatoes can bo raised in pots and full
sited tu b ers developed very mueh ear*
lier than the firs t crop from the gar*
den.
Ten inch pots will be su fficien tly
large. R ub o ff all the eyes except tliq
H f| ' 1N<I PIC T U R E S are being used strongest for pot culture.
Swl to instruct ta n n e rs throughout
th e U nited S ta te s in progressive
Right.
methods o f agriculture. They are being
Mrs. M a so n ’s colored w asherw om an,
presented together w ith explanatory M artha, was com plaining of her hua-
lectures, bv o fficials o f the D epartm ent b a n d ’s health.
of A griculture. At the same tim e pri
" W h y , is ho sick, M artha I ” asked
v ate lectu rers in the employ of motion Mrs. Mason.
picture companies, but w orking w ith the
" H e ’s v e ’y p o 'ly , m a'am , v e ’y
approval and co o p eratio n o f the de p o 'ly ,” answ ered the woman. " H e ’«
partm en t, are talk in g to farm ers north, got tho exclam atory rheum atism .”
south, east and west, and w ith the aid
" Y o u mean inflam m atory, M a rth a ,’*
o f pictures are also showing them just said the patron. " E x c la m a to ry mean«
how to obtain the best results. It is I» to cry o n t.”
lieved th a t this new method of demon
" Y e s , m a 'a m ,” replied M artha, w ith
stratio n will be v astly more effective conviction; " d a t ’s w hat it is. Ho
th an the old plan of d istrib u tin g p rin t hollers all tho tim e .”
ed b ulletins conveying thi sam e Infor
ination.
The im portance to the country at
large of this Dew work of the Depart
nient o f A griculture must appeal to the
im agination of everyone. The scope of
w hat th e deportm ent tnav be able to
accom plish in th e way o f providing sub
jeets for the m oving picture plan of
education is almost unlim ited. Not only
does th e dep artm en t itself dem onstrate
by dirpet appeal to the eye w hat ini
provem entn are possible to agricultur
ists and stockm en, b nt it broadens its
field by aiding p riv a te moving picture
concern to present its films for the
b en efit o f the public in cities anil
towns, as well as in rural districts. Edu
ratio n al in stitu tio n s sueh as agrieul
tu ra l colleges, un iv ersities and p ith
For W afer, Oil, Wine, M ining
lie schools are to be provided with
and Cyanide.
films.
At prpsent the B ureau of Animal In
d u stry o f the D epartm ent of A gricul
tu re is using six m oving picture films
a w
in eonenction w ith th e lectures of its
dem onstrators atul field w orkers, who
trav el from place to place instructing
Wood Pipr for Irn fa tm a , City S y rtem .
producers in th e best and most pro
Mimag Rower RUalt
gressive methods of raising stock and
WE
DO
NOT SELL LUMBER
p rev en tin g
c a ttle
disease.
Proper
methods o f d airy in g and the shipping
but devote our time and energy to
o f milk and o th er r a ttle products are ! producing the best tan k s and wood
also becluded in th is educational move
pipe lines, and when you purchase
ment.
m aterial b earin g our tra d e name
" P A C I F I C ” you are g e ttin g an
article th a t will give you com plete i
HINTS ON BUTTER MAKING.
E8T BRAND of b u tte r ean be made I satisfaction.
I on th e frrm , w here the control of
Head your inquine» to
all conditions is under one man,
an d he can u n d erstan d b u tter making.
The poorest b u tte r can be made from
Box 144 Kenton Station, Port
good cream if th e b u tte r m aker does
land. Or«.
n o t u n derstand th e underlying priuei
jdes of th e art.
M anufacturers
The causes o f foam ing are: Sweet
WOOD TANKS AND PIPE
cream , churn too full and in su fficien t
ag itatio n .
H ard churning may be caused by
foam ing, th in e re a u , or cream too cold, Lewis A udible Speed Indicator
cream from cows ta r advanced ia lac
A «peed indicator
ta t ion, and when cows are fed only dry
t h a t attache» tu
feeds.
any make of cream
Cream should alw ays be strained into
Movies for Farmer
WOOD TANKS
v.
PacificTank&PipeCo.
the ehurn so there will not be white
curd partieles in the butter.
Stop ehnr ing when the grannies are
about the eixe of wneat
Wash out the buttermilk instead of
trying to work it out.
Mattles are caused by an nnevea dia
tribution of salt or the presence of
curd. They ean be prevented by wash
ing out the bnttermilk thoroughly aad
working the salt ia hotter.
separator. Rings a
bell an til the right
«peed is rear lied,
then audibly click«
«—and at overspend
la silent. By mail,
postpaid, >3.25. l>a-
•rriptiv« circular
Un request.
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