9
TT O MF ANT) FARM MAOAZTNF SECTION
Home and Farm Magazine Section Editorial Page
Suggestiona From Our Associate Editors, Allowing For an Interchange of Views, W ritten by Men of Experience on Topics W ith
W hich They Are Fully Acquainted—Hints Along Lines of Progressive Farm Thought.
HOUSEW IVES BEWARE OF
UNCLEAN MILK!
U RIN G the hot w eather m ilk is
p a rticu larly susceptible
to
contam ination, and fo r th a t
reason the U. 8. D epartm ent of
A g ricu ltu re is issuing a tim ely
w arning to housew ives: “ B ew are
of U nclean M ilk l”
W hen milk is delivered it should
be p u t into the re frig e ra to r a t
once. A very b rief exposure to
sum m er heat m akes it u n fit fo r
use. I f it is impossible to have the
b o ttles put im m ediately into th e re
frig e ra to r, provide on the porch a
box cotnaiu in g a lum p of ice. lu
planning a house, arrange to have
the refrig e ra to r set in the wall w ith
an opeuing ou the outside. I t is
alw ays possible to provide locks for
these Boxes or re frig e ra to r doors,
and supply the m ilkm an w ith a key.
The in terio r of the food co m p art
m ent should be wiped every day
w ith a clean cloth, and thoroughly
scalded as often as once a week.
U nder no circum stances should the
drainpipe of an ice box be con
nected w ith a sewer.
B efore rem oving the cap from a
b o ttle of milk, the cap and th e neck
of the bottle should be w ashed and
carefully wiped w ith a ¿lean cloth.
The cap should not be pushed down
into the milk. I t may be easily re
moved w ith a sharp pointed in s tru
m ent w ithout in ju rin g the contents.
The b o ttle when once open should
bo kept covered and the milk should
be kept in the original h o ttie until
it is used up. The original cup
should not be replaced, b u t in stead
an inverted glass may be p u t over
the top of the b o ttle. The b o ttle
when not in use, should, o f course,
alw ays be 1 ft in the refrig erato r,
and any milk th a t has been poured
from it ' ito an o th er vessel should
not bo poured back. Onions and
o th er foods h aving a strong odor,
especiall. during the hot w eather,
very easily im part th eir d istin ctiv e
smell to milk th a t is le ft uncovered.
T his is an additio n al reason for a l
w ays keeping milk in a covered re
ceptacle.
M ilk b ottles should never bo
ta k e n into a sick room for as th ey
a re usually retu rn ed to th e m ilk
m an th ey may th u s carry in fectio u s
diseases into o th er homes. E very
m ilk b o ttle left a t a house w here
th ere is an infectious sickness
should be boiled before being re
turned. The best thin g to do in
such circum stances is to provide
o n e 's own milk b o ttles or covered
dishes into which th e m ilkm an may
pour tho milk from his b ottles. The
d u ty of each individual to his
neighbor in th is connection b most
im portant. The board of health may
be called to d isin fect milk b o ttles
properly a fte r th ey have been in a
home w here th ere is sickness.
In any case, b o ttles should be
given reasonable care before th ey
are retu rn ed to th e ir owner. The
p ractice o f pouring v in eg ar or
kerosene or o th er liquids into them
tem porarily when not in use should
by all m eans be discouraged. The
containers should be washed in cold
w ater firs t and fin ally in w arm
w ater before th ey are retu rn ed to
th e farm er supplying the milk.
These little d etails of cleanliness
are m atters w hich can not be regu
lated by th e F ederal or S ta te G ov
ernm ents, rules and reg u latio n s
th a t require pure milk to be d e
livered to (he home may be re n
dered valueless by careless in d i
viduals in the home. The best e f
fo rts of th e m ilkm an or farm er to
deliver first class milk will am ount
to nothing unless individual house
w ives will co o p erate fo r th e good
o f the com m unity.
D
MORAL EDUCATION.
N moral education d o n 't m oral
ise. T his is th e adviee o f P rof.
F. G. Gould, an English educa
to r o f note who has been to u rin g the
U nited S ta te s as d em onstrator for
th e M oral E ducation L eague of
London.
I
Professor Gould ’• carefully work
ed out program fo r moral instnic
tion in th e elem en tary grades im
presses B ureau o f E ducation o ffi
cials as one of the most valuable of
th e presen t e ffo rts to make educa
tio n tell in fine ch aracter.
S tory telling form s the basis for
m ost of th e in stru ctio n in P ro fes
sor G o u ld ’s plan.
Once a week, or o ften er, it is as
sumed, th e teach er or principal
gives a sy stem atic lesson on the
conduct of life.
The various v irtu es are tau g h t,
not as ab stractio n s, b u t by con
crete exam ples and by in terestin g
stories.
Tbe teach er is not to say:
“ T his ought to be d o n e ’ ’; she is
ra th e r to say:
“ T his th in g has been d o n e.’ ’
H earin g co n stan tly about rig h t
actions, th e pupils learn to appreci
a te rig h t conduct. The sp irit be
hind th e in stru ctio n is the sp irit of
serv ice; but th is and o th er tech n i
cal moral term s are to be rarely, if
ever, mentioned.
“ I t is p o ssib le,’ ’ P ro f. Gould
points out, “ to give m any lessons
on civic du ty and scarcely ever use
th e word patrio tism , and y et the
tem p er of consecration to o n e ’s
d u ty and country m ay perm eate ,
th e teach in g and inspire the p u p ils.”
P rof. Gould disclaim s an y th in g
novel or faddish about his work.
I t is by no m eans new, he says.
“ I have over and over again a f
firm ed th a t my teach in g was, in
th e s tric t sense of th e term , a n ti
q u ated ; th a t is to say, it consists of
tho em ploym ent of tb e concrete and
dram atic m anner which is illus
tra te d by ancien t poets as well as
m odern, by th e n a rra tiv e s and p a ra
bles of th e Bible o r the Talm ud,
by ballad singers and story tellers
of th e middle ages and by allegor-
ists such as John B unyan.
“ W hat perhaps I m ay claim is
th a t I have rem inded educators of
simple,
fun d am en tal
principles,
which, in the som ewhat u n n atu ral
rush of overcrowded school pro
gram s, we are all a p t to fo rg e t; and
along w ith th a t e ffo rt to g et back
to more d irect action in moral
teach in g , 1 have, it may be, com
bined a certain enthusiasm and
fresh n ess; a t least I hope so .”
“ D o n ’t ” is a word th a t get»
v ery tiresom e to us all.
How much more so to a child.
--- *--- -
healthy , noisy childhood .
T IS in terestin g to n ote th e re
su lts of carefu l in v estig atio n s
in to th e causes of dullness and
p recocity in children, says M axim il
ian P . E. G roszm ann, Pd. I). P re
cocious children are, s a rule, h eav
ier, and dull children lig h ter, th an
th e av erag e child of th e same age.
Precocious children aro ta lle r and
have larg er chests and w ider heads
th an backw ard children.
No child whose w eight is below
the norm al stan d ard for his age
should b perm itted to en ter a high
school grade th a t th e av erage child
of his age atten d s, except a fte r such
a physical exam ination as shall s a t
isfy the physician th a t th e c h ild 's
stren g th will be equal to th e strain .
H ere, tho connection betw een p hysi
cal and m ental conditions is very
plain.
P hysical w eakness often produces
an abnorm al m ental state. In ill
ness or convalescence, or when s u f
ferin g from hunger and fatig u e,
most of us are more irritab le th an
when we have our full stren g th .
Selfishness, u n tru th fu ln ess, ill-
tem per and th e like very fre q u e n t
ly have a pathological basis. This
is so ch aracteristically tru e th a t we
may in most cases consider moral
ab erratio n s as conclusive evidence
o f some sudden moral discrepancy.
Do no. run for the rod. But for
th e physician; b u t be eareful w hat
you call a “ moral d iscrep an cy .”
In nine cases out of ten, the no-
called nang h ty child in only a nor
mal child, and th e fau lt lies no»
w ith him. b u t w ith yov who do not
u n d erstan d him, says The M other’»
M agazin e
I
The h ealth y child is usually a c t
ive, noisy and boisterious.
Bew are o f the q uiet child who is
so often praised and petted.
R em em ber: refin em en t and self-
control m ust not be forced before
th e ir tim e.
T here are norm ally
q uiet children, to be sure, but the
m ajo rity o f q uiet children are more
or less abnorm al. They are eith er
dull, p ain fu lly precocious, diseased,
fatig u ed or bored.
Do uot tr y to hasten your c h ild ’s
developm ent; do i ot give him a h o t
house cu ltu re; do not drive him ; do
not suppress his n a tu ra l instincts.
Be th a n k fu l, instead, for your
noisy, h ealth y little savage.
ON THE HIGH COST OF LIVING.
H E farm er is not to blam e for
tb e high cost of living.
N or fo r the cost of high living.
Dean D avenport, of th e Illin o is
College of A griculture is an a u th o r
T
ity.
H ere is an ed itorial by him :
“ R elief from th e excessive and
grow ing cost of liv in g is to be
sought, not in th e co u n try and on
th e side of food, b u t in the tow n
and th e th in g s o f th e town.
“ I t is to be sought in clothing
and shelter, in luxuries and e n te r
tain m en ts, the th iu g s of trad e sup
plied by th e town.
“ C lothing, lik e food and slieltei,
is a fu n d am en tal and costly neces
sity.
“ T here is no m an ifest a tte m p t to
stan d ard ize
tra d e in
clothing.
T here is clearly a conspiracy be
tw een designers and m anufacturers
to p rev en t th e developm ent of
sta n d a rd styles, especially in wo
m en 's dresses and hats.
“ W ith every y ear comes a ra d i
cal change, a change in cut, color
and te x tu re so d iffe re n t from th a t
of th e season before as to compel
vour w ife and mine to buy new or
to be conspicuous, if not grotesque.
“ T his change in extrem e fa s h
ions has b u t one o b ject; nam ely, to
force everybody who can to buy
anew* as o ften as possible. It lias
an o th er e ffe c t; nam ely, to induce,
persuade or otherw ise incline the
g re a t middlo mass to spend all it
can earn. The re ta ile r is powerless.
I t is th e business of trad e to serve
th e public, no t to exploit it.
“ My fa th e r a t 12 y ears of age
w en t out to w ork a t $6 a month,
and th e w ages were collected by his
fa th e r.
• 4 W hat does th e m odern boy know
of tb e real value o f dollar I
“ I do not desire to return to the
old days, b u t I do w an t these young
ste rs to work and save, for indus
try and th r if t are fundam ental v ir
tu es a t any stag e of civilization,
and a gen eratio n of spenders will
produce only licentiousness, pover
ty , crim e and d eg en eracy .”
--------- $ -------- -
AS TO CHOLERA INFANTUM .
H E babe cannot co ntract chol
e ra in fan tu m from the m oth
e r 's milk unless the m o th e r’s
system itself is wholly disorganized.
I t is necessary, th erefore, for tbe
m other to e a t carefully, to have
stro n g control of her nerves and
m ind, and to observe about herself
those little h ab its / o f cleanliness
th a t m ust, d irectly or indirectly,
c o n trib u te so much to tho good
tem per and h ealth of the child.
F req u en t b ath in g , massage, fre
q u en t changes of linen, simple
foods, are all h ealth preserver«.
T hey are fa r less expensive th an
d o c to rs’ bills and tb e expenses a t
te n d a n t on death.
Should th e child be given the
b o ttle, ev ery th in g th a t comes in
eo n tac t w ith th e milk should be
k ep t scrupulously clean.
T he process of sterilizatio n as a
protection for th e babe is being
urged by every prom inent san itary
agency in tb e country. S terilized
food is, th a t which has been su b
jected to an ag en t (u sually h eat)
capable o f destro y in g the germ s of
ferm en tatio n or disease which may
be present. Tbe most common a r
ticles of food capable of earry e^
T
disease are fresh fru its, w ater and
milk.
W ater may be rendered sterile by
boiling or d istillatio n . I t is then
best k ept fo r use in sealed bottle»
laid on iee or placed in a cool spot.
Ice should never be put into d rin k
ing w ater, but should be packed
around any receptacle containing it.
Milk is usually sterilized by boiling
or by exposure to superheated
steam . All germ s in milk rt»n be
destroyed by heating it to 212 de
grees.
The o rdinary m ethod of steriliz
ing milk is to place it in sealed
ja rs, or bottles, each containing an
am ount su fficien t fo r one feeding,
which are then subjected to tb»
action of steam . I t is then cooled
rapidly, k ept sealed from the air,
and placed on ice until needed.
--------- « ---------
WHAT IS FUN?
N EW YORK new spaper say»«
“ F ishing is fun.
4 4 Tennis is fun. Golf is
fun. A utom obiling Is fun.
41 B ut— m aking money is mor»
f u n .”
T his is typical of city philosophy.
T he philosophy o f the “ money-
m a d ,” fa s t living New Yorkers.
W hat fun do th ey have anyw ay
living all cooped up? W hat do th ey
know of the pleasures of life wbo
have never seen the sun rise, heard
th e ro o s te r’s early crowing, or th»
tin k le of cowbells a t night, hav»
never h a l a fa ith fu l horse for a
friend, or b reathed the pure, freah
a ir of the country I
L ife is full of fun.
I t ’s fun to drive behind a fas*
horse, to d n v e the last load of hay
in to th e b arn before a storm , te
w atch grow ing grain, to see tho chil
dren a t play, to w atch the good w ife
smile.
Yes, there are m any kinds of fun.
B ut the best fun is to tackle a
h ard job and g et aw ay w ith it—
to win the satisfactio n of a w orthy
deed well done.
A
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teaching boys a nd girls
TO USE PARCEL POST.
N th e cu rren t issne of F arm and
F ireside, H erb ert Quick, editor
of th a t publication, w riting an •»
artic le show ing th e value of th e
parcel post to farm ers, tells, as fol
lows, of a plan by which boys and
girls can be ta u g h t how to use th e
parcel post:
“ In a certain rural school in
Cook C ounty, n iin o is, a * parcel-
post c lu b ’ has been organized. The
boys and girls brin g th eir eggs,
green corn, radishes, b u tte r and
o th er produce to school, put the
goods in ham pers, and ship by p ar
cel post to a select list of custom ers
in the city. They keep th e record»
of th is club as a p a rt of th e school
exercises. They figure the p ro fits
and tho losses.
“ Ten years from now this new
agency of tra n sp o rtatio n will have
been p re tty well developed.”
I
THE HIOHE8T FORM OF
SERVICE.
O USEW ORK may seem Bh»
drudgery.
In m any homes it is.
B ut it is only one form of hum an
service.
We were all born for service.
Housework is th e highest form of
hum an service.
Ixit us honor the women whs
m ake our homes.
H
TO ADVERTISERS.
Advertiser« In this locality woo
wish to fully cover all sections of
Oregon and Washington and a por
tion of Idaho will app y to losal pub
lishers for rates
General advertisers map address
O. L. Burton, Advertising Manager,
411 Panama Building, Portland,
Oregon, for rates and tnform atiox
The publishers will accept bust
ncss from no advertiser whose relia
bility can be qu*Btioned.