Image provided by: Morrow County Museum; Heppner, OR
About The Ione independent. (Ione, Or.) 1916-19?? | View Entire Issue (April 2, 1926)
m os ot IB o.namy preaciiwa tn told at the pries (lied. Ths country ' wi 10 organised la every district thi v thcrt could be Immediately report to Washington th name of any sho- rataller who did not carry out the ret- ) ulatlons ot the War Industries Hoard I i to price and quality. ThrouKh rs- atrlctlona on hla labor, money, raw xnaterlda and transportation no man ufacturer would have burn permitted to sell to any dealer vlolattns tha re alatlons. Th Annuities atopped ths execution of thla plan. Another plan of thla nature: The manufacturer of tnen'a and women'! wearing apparel had In 1913 been cull ed to Waahlnirton, toftether with the retailer of various rods. and notified that regulations would have to be made In regard to retail prices and standardisation of clothing. The rulings by the board were made known through the Issuance of ofllcfal bulletins at Irregular Intervals and were widely distributed by the press, which co-operated In this most neces sary work with a whole hearted pur pose that gave to the orders ot the War Industries Board the Instant and broad circulation they required Mr. HooTer already was doing much to perfect his control of food products and prices. There was alio talk of fixing rents, and la some cities thla was dona. If w were to start. In the arent of tnother war, at the place where we were Industrially when the World War nded. the President, acting through a agency similar to the War Indus 'tries Board, would hare the right to fix prices ot all things as of a dnte previous to the declaration or war when there was a fair peace time rela tionship among the various activities f the nation. It would be Illegal to buy, sell, serve or rent at any other than these prices. Brakes would be applied to every agency of Inflation before the hurtful process started. An Intelligent control ot the flow of men. mosey and materials would be Im posed. Instead ot having the blind pan le heretofore ensuing on the first ap pearance ot the frantic demands o' war. The Draft Board wou'.d have be fore It the rulings ot the priority com anlttes, together with the estimated seeds of every business and profes sion la lu relationship to the conduct et the war. and men would be select ed accordingly. The Draft Board ould more Intelligently decide, with the advice of the priority committee snany ot the problems with which It would be faced. There would be bo ending of men to the trenches who ware needed for expert Industrial war wk and then bringing them back gala. Businesses sot necessary to the winning of the war would be cur tailed. The Draft Board would have that Information before It. The prices ot all things being Hied, the price axing committee would naks ay necessary adjustments, aa waa don during the war. Under the sys tem need la Mil these prices were aaade public and adjusted every three an oaths, so that aay consumer or pro ducer had his day la ceart whea he considered prices unfair. Those who complained that during the war prices were too high had thla ready recourse t hand. Ia th meantime all the Industries of the country would have been mobilized by the formation of committees repre sentative ot each Industry a was done ia the World War. Over them would be placed a government direc tor or commodity ehlet The virlnus government depart meats would ap point committees rs presenting their requirements, so that oa one commit tee the reeoareee of the nation would fee repreeeated and oa the other the stonaads ot the government The for rament director would stand betweea to decide, la conjunction with the pri ority committee, to what department trappUos should go. Money would be controlled and di rected like aay other resource. Tak ing the profit oat of war" la aot isyaonymsus with "eonscrtptloa of wealth," as It la sometimes regarded. The latter is a theoretical project pro hibited by ovr Constitution, contrary to the spirit ot oar social and political Institutions, and Impossible la prac tice. Taking the profit out of war Is a orderly and scientific development of the economies sad conduct ot mod era war. necessary to the effective saoblllietloa of national reeoareee sad iadlspensabls to equalising the bur dens sf war among the armed and elvlltaa pepulattoa. Bora ot ozpe irlenoe and proved by practlca. It re lieves same of Us most destructive ooaeomltaau ot modern war the con fusion and waste Incident to war llins Inflation. Thla term "conscription of wea'th." need by so many, haa created a 1 m among those of socialistic tendencies and a fear among those who, like me. believe la enr system baaed apoa per eon si Inltlatlva and reward, of a las ing of money, without payment, for the nse of State. Neither the bene aor the fear la Justified by the recoar aaendstloa herein coataiaed or by ear experleacs la the war. The nse of money should be controlled and di rected la a national emergency. A nan should aa aura be permitted t wss hla money as he wishes thaa he aheald he permitted to aee the pre dnctlen ot his mlae, mill or factory oicept through the general luperrta tag agency. Thla was being done le Jard the end of the waj Individuality in Hou$e$ Many feel that duplication of bouse designs In a row Is conducive of econ omy. Perhaps It la, ao fur aa flrnt cost Is coiicerneii. But la It economy when It Is considered Unit higher prices could be asked tor limine whose exteriors were all different designs. With an attempt made to creutn an rchltectnml composition out of no entire row of such house units? Cor rect planting of trees unci shrubbery would add IminesminJily to the vhIu ' of building operations, and lend to them that feeling of rest fulness so generally lacking. r faking the Profit Out of War By BERNARD M. DARl'CII Xrprintti from Ths Atlantic Monthly. The February Utn of the Atlantic for IMS carried a paper by Mr. Stltt Unddleston dealing vtth the general tabled of "taking (he prortt out ul ti.ir," tritr. tlr. Htddleston colled "An America Plan tor 'tare." The f!if cti.'fcit p.Hro-ie roj put nto f language- bp th War frniMtfric Roord tmr.ir.l the r.'ise of the World War through it tffortt to eliminate all tear prolfi Jfr A'scMIrjfen's article came fo Ifie attention ef Itr. Jlernard if. ftarsi-A. thaw v an of th War Industrie Board and adetinijtrator of th on pro 1 p. s -id (a he vrttet us), line U teemed le indicate e growing Inf.-.r.il In thr iV.-a, Induced Aim fo tnwjfce practical meant lo bnng about a fx.'! con pre ftion of fiiJtinp fne proIt eat of toor in th varinet great countries of i.ie world. To thi end he reponded to a 0fHon of Vr. (hreii Vflvnj, of 11 Pag Scltool of international Relation at Johns Hopkins Vnlxers:lv. ('.( he establish a court of lectures there to erpound the War Inilmtriri ftminl p.'sn In detail. Later he trill proceed Is wialte similar arrangements uf liorfliia snirer.il ties in Hreof ftrttaisi, franc, German v. Italy, and Jap.in. At) rrlng with Jfr. Bamch that th tubbed coll for paMIc knotririfr on.f duiujsion, if trot natural ;or the Atlantic lo Inns Is him for th following paper. Tun vEtiiTtiiie or Tut Atlantis Momtuli. win the war. Further, there was the ftillroad Administration with Its need f"T material and labor, and finally there was the feverish quest for labor and supplies on the part ot the muni tion makers all competing for labor, nv.mey, materials, transportation, fuel, p.'wer, and each Insisting oa the greater importance of Its activity. All this while the labor supply was being lessened by the Dow ot men Into the Army. While an endeavor was being mads to bring order out of chaoa. the great undertaking had to go on. Men, ships, munitions, food, material, had to be provided. Old organisations, bureaua and traditions had to be met and changed, but not destroyed until the new was set up. The wonder of It all '.s. not that there were ao many m!s tahes. but that so much was accom plished. At the time we entered , the war prices were at their poak. and tendinr hit her because of the war's Insatlabla demands. The problem was not alone to secure the materials and labor and to atop the confusion, but to do It ta such a way that the morale of the peo ple would be maintained. The prices of some things, like steel and copper, were fixed far below prevailing ratea, and the wages of labor In those indus tries were standardized. The mors hlchly organised an Industry, the ca.'ier It was to arrange. Order did not commence to appear until the Army tunneled ita needs through one man sitting with a section of the War Industries Board and until the Navy, War was once described at I'rus la's most prolltable Industry. It neuds only a scaut examination ot history ts learn that other countries ?re open to ths same Indictment. The methods ot the Robber Barons did not pass with the end of feudal ism. Annexstlon by conquest did not cease. But whea America entered the World War President Wilson fathered a doctrine that aball alwaya govern as that never a foot of territory would be added ta our boundaries by torce. So, as America has taken the lend toward making Impossible national p-oftt through war. It too may be America's privilege to point the wsy toward making Impossible Individual profit through war. To take the priif.1 out of war la to take a king step to ward creating aa economic detesta tion of war. The experience of the t'r.lted States In the World War at fords a basis for the belief that Ihe piaa herein discussed le practical. In fact. It Is more than a belief it Is a certainty, althourh not widely known, t The world Is such a b'tey place, and t iie radius of human activity haa bien so greatly enlarged because of mod -rn Inventions, that It la not strnnre that there are hut few people who are eon-te-i,int with what waa qulrtly but effectively taking place In this conn try in the mobilisation and use of Its raterlal resources In the World War a process that would have eventual ly eliminated all lmpropr profits Strength Is given lo the public ad-vrcv-v of Industrial moblltatlon made ly both President Harding and Preal- l.LX iKCTCiV ECHOES' A, !.!. EdMyn-8 hua flipped liia weii dtillniH unilit lo l'jutr prim, llu txuvisiu follow tsutn irillini: Hroiiml Knterpriite for on f.witks'. Mrs W. 0, Hill mid diumhter. Lut'i e, urn tnjoyiuK a visit wiih Mtv. Hill's motlur in l'urtlaiii). M . 'mo a K U. AihIoim n umi d iiuhtt r drove ovt r hoin Kt ni e w.ck. Saturday und past-en Sud auy ut llu- home ol Mr. unit Mis. Sui'.it im.n. Tutf FiigUboii ChkvioifiCo., t ( llit.infi' tt tt livfttii u m-w fo..ili to 1 . siail'iil t'ifti Ktl.y on Si t it last. Mt'd. Ed Hn cheil wi li In i duu( liter Du I , lift Saiuru.y inoriiiiiit furli.e DhIU-h wlk-rehl i- cxpictnJ to cot Buit r t.octo' wi lij iiKttio o llp lime i ' t i.t i. il., 1'. VV A lKJIi l.l.il Iktl.liV OHiVi up in m ill od K,ei, Smun an i cpriit a K l.uuD whli it., tive . Lcxinui' n n, t-ml f im of ilia G uiu'h of Ciititit wi.l ln l t tin n:n la.-lrr Hervici- wiih A p.i.f llihii- M-hool rut-mlifrs at AlpiiH Mini ay o hi. k lolowni by h :! . whip iliniif r. Mi a Oa Suiit tyi'ia fnpu) visiting; in lone II at) diniteti and O J. Cox a e orkiti: on hi rouu out ul c'-'ni; mar lone, T1 SSiwT MM v.. jmSrWt Vm Bringing My Brozvnic A Brownie doubles the day's fun, nnd makes the story yours for keeps, with pictures. Ilcrc arc the three big Folding Brownie features. It's compact; never in the way. It's autographic; you on (lute and title the film mnr;in when you click the shutter. It's dependable; E;. .'.niuu-mado cameras stand up. You'll find the Brownies on display at our Kodak counter. Come in find 1 k them over. FMni liruunict J i box v brvvcHlti fjjuo up. B i X u n y . ""ax m n m mm Ma. sjaam SVJJ.A O 1 Uiit. -O ()- a?. frZ'? 2?"-, Cl,dge-Mr. CooUdge a. r partment aatlslled Its requirements through a central authoritative body. This was called the War Industries Reard, controlling and dlrecUng all materials and co-ordlnalng through Ita chelrman the whole system ot gov ernmental and civilian supply and de mand. It waa created by execuUv cr.ltr In March of the year 1918. Briefly, this board endeavored to ncMll-e the Industries of America so that the fighting forces of the Allied and associated nations could draw frem ths United Statea the last res ervoir of men, matt-rials and money the things needed for the winning ot the war at the time the tblnrs were, net led and with ths leat dislocation, ot Industry and the least disturbance) of ths civilian population. II The War Industries Board was or gar.lsed like any other supervisory committee, with a chairman, vie ihal.-n.un. members in charge of va rki:s activities, bureau chiefs and aub ord!:iati workers. It surveyed and oi:rht to arrange the whole Industrial war fk!d under the plenary powers conferred by ths President and ths r::p-c I. How well It did this is a story for others to tell What It did is the basis ot the plan I am hero drawing. It wts comparatively easy to fit prl-es end to distribute materials, and ' Indeed to stabilize the wages of labor In the t Industries la which prices were fired. The labor situation, how ver, lecime Increasingly difficult, particularly when General Crowder found It necessary to withdraw mea Tor the proposed campaign of 1919 ifter 4 000.000 soldiers bad already Seen ta'.tea. Much has been said about ths profl ecrlng of labor. It ia aa unjust accv ution. It Is only fdlr to say that this ondlllr n was primarily brought about bmugh the tneverlence of the organ nllon within oar own governmental 1 ;artments and by the furious bld ting or munitions makers and ship jal'.deri for services. That situation, l gether wHb the increased prices of I t till gs that labor had to buy with lie results of lis work, made It Inert--.ible that labor must get higher ares. 1 So It became evident that the pries ;lli:g program had to go sven fur hor, and the War Industries Board, vkrn the Armistice came, waa pro-.'e'-dlng with a campaign to Ax ths jr'.cct of all the tunic things that la or bad to buy. Some had previously teen flxed. I speak of labor In a much, iroadir seme than manual labor, for Ihe unorganized so-callud "white col lar" part of our community clerks, teachers, government empioyeos, pro fessional men were lens sole to meet the situation thaa labor In ths nar rower snnse. Tor the protection and e-f.o .n such eronos certain nlatia ently as lat October In bla Omaha rn"o h to the American Legion by the fact that the plan they advocated ti a part of the regular national war tr -nrles had once been set up and sccsifully operated ander the War I-i'cstrlrs Board. freeing the President's reent 'rVir exrisl:lcr. of l.'.n subject, some f-sT" of puhl'c interest hai been en g .-nii-red by sn exchange of letters be tween Owen D Young (of Pawes olan funie). In behalf of ths Walter Hins P e School of Jnternattnnal Ue!a t .nn. and the writer. The corre-r- a l-'nce rrvilted In the establish ri nt of lectures at the Pare School tit Johns Hopkins Tnlverslty) on this tri 3e. Previously the Iftanfle Vonfh , 1j printed an article by Flsly Huddle t;"n. who point'.! out that Europe saw ' rr.-i' strides toward peace In the .'.r.urlrun idea of "taking the profit r.-t of war" in a systematic way. His r---lr reference wss to the plan of the V.'.ir !ndnstrles Board. Tre resnnrces of a country mlrht - r- ferred to as the five M's: (1) rrn power: (J) money; J main t - nice or food: (4) material re-t-.urii (Including raw materials, r.-.ri'ifaettirlng facilities, transpnrta-f'-a. tael and power): and (5) monle. Tb? Irtelllsence with which the flrnt f mi r are directed and coordinated as a r.hn:e will determine the fifth, tha ' f-iale of the community. !n Ihe war emergency It early be crnie evident to those who were chi-gfd with the responsibility of mo: liis-lnt the re-ources that thi-re vis a Just sentiment among the peo jl.t aralnit profiteering. Profiteering mi-bt be willful and profit making r.!r.ht be Involuntary; but. whatever in form, there was a Just determlna tln It should ccaee. So It became n"c lary to fix prices where the sup ply wai limited. Wherever ths government created a rh rtn-e b.v Us demands, prices were f v jd. rot only for the Army, Navy and the Allies, but for the civilian popula te n as well. And In addition to price fixing on war essentials (such as steel, wcol, (onper, and so forth), the bal ance, aftor the war program had been filled, was rationed or distributed ac cording to Urn priority needs of the T!ir'i;i'.s civilian demands. In other to'ils, where the price of tho product of an Industry was fixed that Industry bad to dollver ths part which tho gov crnmeisi did not need to the civilian population, not In the way the Indus try chose, but as the government di rected. It m.iBt bo remembered that when tils' war cams there was no adequate preparation. Indeed, It Is doubted by ti e best authorities whether any ef fective form of preparation then ktiown would hsve been of much aval! In view of the widespread and enitulf ln results of the war and the lack ot knowledr, of the various Instruments AiootiK students whosptut the-( ! I'.asl rvaCHlioti in Li-xiniiton wt-re lis! Lk Vclle Lt-ath-r, wlioix at Monnitaih Ctun Stuaia arm E mo Macmillen of 0. A. C. Kural school lebchtrs spent Monday vititinK'town schools, l'liore who oboerved work being buie in LrxiPtt'cn were Mrs En Kelly ol Dfvine school, Ui-'s'.j Kiui.uUpsonof Siratier.y sc. ool V,is Anna (Jralborn ai.u Mr. KalUr ofl'ine City. . 'l MORGAN ITEMS jj Mr. and Mrs. W. G. iVnu'etrj! ol Jt-spt-r, Ept-ni th past wtek : visiiiou; rt'atik'es bere. Ttit-y r-i turned to the r huine WVdtitsuuy : Thelma MorRKti Hjit iit tbe vn k I end with her (arcnls, Atlr. ui ' f Mrs. E G. Morgan. Mr. and Mrc, Fred Pettyjohn1: and family moved Onto the hum Minor plact Mondav, to rtsicie for a while. There ws no school on Monday in Mortiun. owing to the teachers, visiting the sclioola nt I ji e. Miss Carrie Medloek was the; dinner Kuest of Margaret Lly Sunilay. U For !Iil!ii:U' Harvests B Ccmbin - nrvoster II Dti'tH tl end Duilt by HADVANC('-I:UM- LY ft IJ Paul G. Balsiger, Agent, lone, Oregon. :!:i;iiil!!lll!il!!l!!llliil w "VfTT'T'l WW 9 W W Tf TfTTTf WWW f V The big M;ss Alta I'ettyjohn of Lcxini ton s pent the weekend wioh Mins Ulaiivs Medloek. lit ulah Pettyjohn and Dt ontis Ci j'Atll were culling in I jhc Mon duy. Mr. H. O.Lly finished plow ini;, Monbay. Mr. J, l . M. FarrenS is appur ently on the high road to rccov ory f rom his prolonged and sen (Mi ill ness. ilitlh grade piuno n ar lone wi:l besol i to reliable parly at a big t-aving. $10 a month will han i A r?al ouy. Writd at once for particular. Tallmuan Piano Store, Salem, Oregon. rVerg for Siletia Frederick the (irent of I'rnnsla anged thiee wurs agnltist Auotrla lo iiln pieHslon of Hllenla. The first wns from 1710 to 17; ths second In 1741 ami 174T. and ths third from 17MJ to 1703, Queer Cutom$ The Zlpus, chiefs of the I'lillicliu In dlmis, Colombia, were governed Iiy sliigiilnr rules, liucli Zluu wus llie toai-a in nis winnow couia sell snos, ..,. .,... singular rules. Each Zlpu wus llie and only ths standardlxed shoes could f d;tructlon which were being de- , of nll prertBCttllM,r., H(Pri w, be sold. No Jobber or manufacturer '":u would sell shoes to anybody whs did .!. bat. not havs this card. Ths shoes wera " WB Army had several division, t" bo stamped Class aV. B or C and bad '?lpe.tlne 0M. th "f for u n,-.iT7, nun purruunn, nonsmr;, ann so tu flat of tbem proved tlmt mnuMo. I ""Z 7 , . .7 " rers. Jobburand reU-.ilers of shots h' " !?P ?f h hor could make and sell shoe:, only of a '7,h "'" 7,""" specified quality at a fixed price, ef- I "hV ." T", SJf' Z n ho did .u. , fc4 fectlve July, 191. No one aot havs a card of ths War Industrie reared under spccliil gunriliuiiHlilp nnd wns forbidden (o see ths sun or eul Shit, IDEA A j&just hot is not fuel but 15&15icts. Before you buy, see mitfo at'the if ft'J 9 Quart thomt Tiih a$ Lure llawallnn suxiienil n lire ipnr r. 1 some Uu Huh In the wnter In front i, crevices In the rocks In order to I in Into concealed nets other flnli of II saint klud, which couie out to llgla. Elevator. Victor Hugo' l a th The nenrer I iiii"our; llu- nm plainer I lieiir iiroiiinl me flu- l,,i; syiliphonle of llie wmlil- v.mrii ; me. It Is marvelous, el siuiiile, i tor Iiugo. Sliehtlv Dtftctium Mmmnrv "He's kimkI ut reeulilni nnmes ante faces, " remirked the nuin on tha eek "hut his memory ileseiis III in whenil comes to smiiil sums of tuoncy u but rowsU of his friends.'' .