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About The gazette-times. (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925 | View Entire Issue (March 11, 1915)
HOME AND FARM MAGAZINE SECTION United States Department of Agriculture Special Page Bulletins and Special Articles Issued by the Government, of Interest to the Northwest; Suggestions Covering a Wide Range of Activities; Results of Federal Investigations, Etc. House Centipede Found Useful but Unwelcome Kelp As a Commercial Product Third Known Outbreak of Quail Disease On 'HE third known outbreak of quail JHE hou, centime, although dis 1'" ! J SZX 1 agreeable In appearance, feeds ,. . , , . .... ,0 ,,. ... "lscasH 1 " 3 , ' agreeable In appearance, feeds x , iV . ..,,. mav . .1 , ,,, ,i, ,,..i,,,m fiv me giant, seaweeu ci mo nu nuiuic ui uan.. j.. ule ouicau oi Annual iiiuusu in on small cock oaches the t pho d fb. TT Paciflc c known k , be made a3 followB: quall sm for examination from the and other still more disagreeable hi- hh-ii b..i National Zoological Park. These sects and therefore would not seem . . ,n the same Pally r"1 HH9a b''ds were received a few days ago altogether an undesirable visitor in commeieial iertllizer m me same Daily expenditures 7a0.oo from two of tho principal Importers one s house. However, as one of the fmtA fish scrap Is manufac- Da nfo in widely separated parts of the coun- Denartment of Agriculture's entomol- tured ls a suggestion In a new bulle- . try. Most of the quail now on the n.vilt v7tra reren Farmers' Bui- tin ot tbe Unlttd states Department Profits for 30 days" operation. $11,910.00 market are imported from Mexico and ,S ritaV J Apiculture ,atM-tilhation -; are entered at th. port of Browns- sect, 'its uncanny appearance is ' J SSSti o?S.hSS !!!! sances ouuutd.nlSteSi hardly calculated to inspire confi- - V J3.hh .nllt, ! r)al"r i,roflta be'n cancelled and further importa- dence, and it will unquestionably bite 'f'u,rcf m". specialized apparatus p flt for 30 day.- operation 2,1 oo tions BUspwideU for thig season. in self-defense, although very few ie drying o kelp bu the .l Quail disease, a highly infectious cases of its having bitten any human amu"t of fish waste that could be be claimedjor these est imates, as m&my tQ native quail being are on record." It does not utili ed would keep the plant busy for jals other than kS, It Is be- XTwYud was traced to a feed on household goods and woolens, so short a season that one factory evd that they are approximately ,'n (lf9 R,L " ,dA r(.m? outbreak although many housewives hold this could well be expected to attend to correct and can be taken as an indi- rred Inll9l'' but waVcl.eS belie!. , o 4 ' botb;, , catlon of what the items of expendl- h th BI);i,;,;sion ot importatlon The house centipede is a Southern With a plant fully equipped for the tures and proceeds may be. Ihey in- of . blrds n-om Mexico from which species, its natural home being in the large-scale rendering ot- f ish waste, dicate strongly that a plant erected mogt of U)e Bup.)ly of bIrds wa8 latitude of Texas, but it has slowly all the equipment necessary for treat- and equipped for render ng cannery drawn Last practically no spread n o r t h w a r d , and having ing kelp witb the exception of a kelp aste ca.n bet ap(p led wl'b .proflt ,1 birds were imported from Mexico and reached New Ttork and Massachusetts harVeSter, has been supplied. Scows the treatment of kelp. Tho proviso nQ dfie.lse wag orted about 30 years ago, it is now very Bnd Ulgs d?signed for tbe conection hat the plant be equipped with a Th,s a ,imlted nlmber of common in these states and extends , cannery waste ean be applied to drier of large capacity must be In- brdg haye ))(1(,n ermltted to enter westward well beyond the Mississippi. the harvesting o( kelp. The unload. troduced In the beginning of the flt BrownKville gllbject t0 quarantlne It is a very delicate creature and al- , eievatrs, storage bins, and con- Proposed industry the maiket on the ,ialntalned throu h the co-operation most impossible .to catch, having a wlthin the lant are entlrel Pacific Coast would consume the en- of the Biolo lral SurTey and the Bu. worm-like body about an inch long adaptable to chopped kelp. Since the tir,e Product, so that the high freight ()f Anlnla, Indust V- A blrdg of a grayish yellow color. The name kel la not t0 be cooked or essed rates to the Atlantic seaboard could whJ h w Bllspected of having the "centipede" Is misleading, as it does the conveyor8 shouid be arranged bo avoided. This would add material- dlwMC wpre t!xarained at Browns-' not possess a hundred legs, but no with a view to the transereuce of ly to the profits. villo or forwarded to this Department, more than 30, although the speed at the materal directly from storage bin but not until January 5 were the first which it travels across the floor does to d.ier And the drje of whateveri j. y f Bacjuj a8 undoubted cases of disease detected, not give the ordinary observer suffi- form prohabiy W0llld be found quite lne ,Jse "t " , n. Game commissioners and sports- cient time to count them. Its head suitable for drylng kelp- Starters for Cheese men who are lnlerestcd ln tbe intro- is armed with a pair ot very long, i)0llbling 1lMIlt.s Activity. THE U3e of cultures of bacillus bul- ductlon of quail or who may have The bulletin' advises the house- Assuming the canning season, for 1 garicus in the manufacture of P"'0 keeper who feels that the centipede example, in the Puget Sound region Swiss cheese Is suggested in a new easo" f r,f "nv of the birds are has become a pest in her house to use to be confined to the months of July bulletin of tho United States Depart- kown to have died from disease of fresh pyrethrum powder near bath- and August, the equipment of the went of Agriculture, No. 148, "The nn k)nd As ft measur0 f precau rooms, closets, cellars, conservatories, renderlng station can be applied to Use of Bacillus Bulgaricus in Starters tlon any birds now In captivity should a"d storerooms where it may mae ii- the treatment of kelp durlng tbe for Making Swiss or Emraental be kept under close observation for a fhit 11 nmktSnKoM 'should" be kept months of September, October and Cheese," as a means of overcoming period of at least 10 days and in case frefr Pbably November, thus more than any of the difficulties experienced any of then, die the bodies should be BEB ot"p ffl.ayf'&"srfis cu,t'ireforexamiD.t10- .centipede would eer, unprookea, at ab01lt 50 tons per d wh, h , rt, , r d .! h i f f loul 1 1 on In thU Rnttllnir P.tieim'TPil tack any human being or other large equivaIont to about 500 tons of wet ,.a' have lid I manv manu i turers to Boltlmg c .,, animal, still if it is pressed with he kel Furthermoref even durng tbe J" e led many manufaaurers to M,,k WhJ,e Stl Hot reneUlnblswinpro canning season whennhe amount of So t fy ne n b "podS INVKSTIOATOHS In the Untted iTp nS a few ? cases on record show ( waste aval able is not sufficient ,n only a few local,tlMi As'a mattPr 1 .Stales Department of Agriculture hl.'fevert wTlllne I I Iv e t0 ke?P Plant running at full o fact the average qualj, of the ,,ave folln(, t,,nt ,he proces8 of bot. Z til Inse t belonJs to a Pol- af'' kel be harvested and American product has not been so tllng pasteurized milk while still hot X a-roro of centlpedM Tho drIi? af3 ,a suPPlenJfntary operation. hl(!h ag tnat of Ule European. With has several advantages which make It ? cn hirdlv be tXd danger- t The following estimates may serve the nld of the badl,lla ullgarlcuBi seem probable that this method would nwevf v I d mom "t dressing t0 cnve' fome idea of the cost and howover tncr , rea8on tobbolleve prove both economical and efficacious vnh n,m h is lecomn e nded To al- Pf0"18 ,t0 bo ex"ted from ,the that some of tho unfavorable condl- when practiced on a commercial sale, with ammonia is lecommencKii i o di piementary operations on kelp. Since t(nn, mav b rpino,iiPfi in an artlclo lirinlerl bv nermlslnn ,etheeluDraan S to thf, Tt "itherlohe m 2ln trouble, have o? the StJy t 'Xr cnltu n So . n l S that it springs after ts ff dry kelp the capaci y of the p an been caused by the presence of micro- Journal of Infectious Diseases, the SreTand is very rapa Trained SetnptvhX1CntLWbasl Which T!T "T? ?CC,,Br? ,,hat1th!? m0tbod observers have noticed that in cap- f per cent' solids in the green s S8? ?d produ.?e wh,at. s nown aa m"U 1,1 bac,erlal ,edluct'on as sreat tr,..i, - npcit aa n cockroach the ; . -rLi ! . green, is "niie,." or "pre33 or " cheese, n as, or even greater than, by pasteur- IZ K snrinKS over I s pre"! in- 00lltons- s- ' 1b a"nld' cuKld which the normal formation of the Isatlon in bottles. cfosing and caging it V th Its many b ,Ja"f "ctrinlnnS nf ees ls Prevented. Recent expert- The principal advantage ot tho lat- gs after wh ch itSdevours its victim1. Sal probabW would requ ?e a ment8, haVe Bh,Wn tthBt thCse mlcr- lhr method '"r th, 0rdiDary 85'fltem9 In the act of devouring a moth it has a!Q yJ2 S of organisms can be to a great extent in commercial use Is the Impossibility been observed to keep its numerous w t St.!,K suppressed by the use of starters, a of milk becoming contaminated again long legs vibrating with incredible 1 nQ " Ptlry Lk LotZ fe which to now common in but- while being bottled There is also swiftness, giving the appearance of VL tv ter making. some saving of milk, because there a hazy spot surrounding the flutter- "uu,u uc ei.c..Baij. j,or tbjs purpose ttie bacillus bul- is no loss from evaporation. On the Ing moth Labor Cost. garicus group of bacteria appears to other hand, when milk Is pasteurized During the season when cannery have the most desirable quallfica- In bottles, It Is customary to cool the . . waste Is being collected, the labor re- tions. Moreover, these bacteria are bottles by placing them In cold water. Effective Insecticide Is quired would be on wages whether easily obtained and cheesemakers This necessitates the use of abso- Made From Quassiin actually employed or not. Under such bo are willing to report on the sue- lutely aer-tlght caps otherwise , . , . , , t . , cess of their work can obtain a lim- some of the cold water is likely to ATTENTION is called in a recent circumstances the labor cost need not ,ted s(ppIy from the Department of ind ,ts way lnt0 the nllIk bottles, and bulletin (No. 165) of the United be considered, but only the actual ex- Agriculture. even a very slight leak may result States Department ot Agriculture to pense of operating the tugs and cut-. Experiments conducted by tho ln- In contamination. Waterproof caps the possibilities of quassiin as a con- ters. After the close of the cannery vestlgators in a commercial factory are not only expensive, but care is tact Insecticide There is reason to season, however, the cost of labor showed that by tho use of these cul- essential to see that tbey actually are u,,a in. hniipHn thit- nnaa- would have to be borne by the kelp, tures or starters the faults commonly waterproof, and moreover, bottles oeiieve, sajs mis nune . i Any estimate of this cost would be found ln milk delivered to Swiss- with chipped or otherwiso damaged siin can be cheaply prepared ana pos- dlfncu!t and perhaps misleading, but cheese factories early in the Spring tops cannot be used, no matter how sibly sold at a lower price than some it scarcely woula be under $50 per may be overcome and good cheese nearly perfect the cap may be. of the materials now used in com- day. About one-half of this estimated made at that season. Moreover it is Laboratory experiments conducted mereial insecticides. The only ex- cost of labor would be Included ln possible to make cheese successfully by the Investigators indicate that milk periments, however, that have been the cost of harvesting, and the bal- once a day instead of twice, the pre- may be pasteurized, bottled hot, made up to the present were con- ance in the cost of drying and sack- vailing practice. capped with ordinary cardboard caps, ducted at Sacramento, Cal., and it is Ing. The drying, it Is estimated, Making cheese twice a day calls for and cooled by a blast of cold air possible that In a more humid climate would cost $1 per dry ton. To sack long hours for the factory hands and economically and with very satls quassiln would not be so satisfactory, the product $2 per dry ton Is a fair has other disadvantages. It was also factory bacterial " reductions. The Quassiin ls the active principle ln estimate, as a sack would hold over found that cheese could be made ln air-cooling process requires a Bome quassia wood, which ls found in con- 100 pounds; the bags would cost Winter as well as in Summer. About what longer time than cooling by Hidorable quantities in Jamaica, something less than 10 cents each, 3 per cent of starter gave the best water, but in the laboratory it was Quassia chips have been employed for including string. results, the amount varying, however, found that thoroughly pasteurized many years- ln the preparation of The principal expenses of operation with the condition of the culture. De- milk, bottled immediately, could be spray solutions for the control of may be Itemized as follows: tailed information in regard to these cooled slowly without increasing the the hop aphis. The percentage of Harvesting 600 tons at 60 cents. $250.00 and similar points Is published in the bacterial content. Whether or not quassiin in these chips varies some- i'Uig ; 60tSns, it 2..:::::: loloo betin. the experience of the laboratory will what, but it has been stated to be 75 overhead charge's, Bellini? "and ' be found true In commercial practice, per cent by one author. If this is depreciation, to tons at $l.... 50.00 The palatabillty of silage is a large remains to bo seen. The Department correct, the bulletin says, it would Total ."1450 00 factor in its favor, along with the fact of Agriculture, it Is announced, will take only 1V4 pounds of the chips to rrelsht "to" Eastern centers' at $6 30o!oo that It keeps the digestive system in conduct, experiments with a view to 100 gallons of spray to make an ef- - good order In the Winter. It does determining this important point, fectlve insecticide; 3 pounds, or dou- $7j0.oo not render the actual yield of the Before the milk ls poured into ble this quantity, would certainly be Profits. field double, but in assimilation of them, the bottles should be steamed sufficient; and with 3 pounds of The proceeds from the sale of the the feed units It adds a large per cent for two minutes, the authors are whale-oil soap at 4 cents a pound product may be estimated as follows: to the efficiency of the feed material, careful to point out. This removes would make the tct&l cost of ma- Jn basis ot retail saleB, 10 This, combined with the conven- all danger of infecting the milk from terials for 100 gallons of spray Only on basis of wholesale Bale's ' lences, brings tho per cent of the ad- tho bottles, and ls another advantage 24 cents. co tons at $16.15 .' 822.50 vantages of a silo well up. that this new method possesses.