9
Winter Short Course at 0. A. C.
HOME AND FARM MAGAZINE SECTION
(Special to Farm Magazine.)
ONLY a small percentage of Ore
gon farmers keep books and
really know whether or not
they make profits. Of course several
arrange their banking In such a way
that the bank balance partially tells
whether their business is being con
ducted with a profit or loss, but only
occasionally are farmers found who
can tell exactly which crops are pay
ing for themselves and making profit
besides, and which crops are the
grand parlor boarders. The books
of the general farmer shquld show
accounts with crops, livestock, labor
and Implements, as well as with in
vestments, Interest and depreciation.
The crop accounts should be classi
fied and so kept as to show plainly
which are profitable from the income
standpoint and which are not. This
phase of the work will receive spe
cial emphasis at the Winter Short
Course of the Oregon Agricultural
College, in which other subjects di
rectly and Intimately related to It
will also receive attention.
I'tulri-standlng Feeds,
"The eye of the feeder fattens his
stock," says an old adage, but now-a-days
If the feeder does not know
Bilage from "S to E," the fattening
Is likely to be too expensive to leave
any profit on the work and invest
ment. There are many other feeds
which likewise Bhould be thoroughly
understood by the feeder of any kind
of stock. All of these will be con
sidered from the standpoint of pro
duction, cost, market value, and soil
fertility effects, during the annual
Short Coarse. Lectures concerning
the general principles of stock feed
ing with reference to the scientific
principles of nutrition will1 be given
during the first week of the series
beginning the first Monday in Janu
ary. This knowledge should enable
the stock growers better to appre
ciate and understand the work given
later in the course. The feeding of
poultry, swine, horses, sheep, beef
and dairy cattle, will be considered
in detail by specialists of the faculty
who are best qualified by special
knowledge of each of the several
types of stock and their particular
requirements.
rractictng Cooking.
"What Bhall I cook for dinner?"
Often the Oregon housewife asks her
self this Important question without
knowing where to find the best ans
wer. Yet, on the correct answer to
this question depends largely the
family Income as well as the family
expenses, since the wage-earner must
have plenty of nourishing food of
sufficient variety if he Is to maintain
his efficiency in office, field or fac
tory. Some very definite help to
ward finding the answer to the fore
going question will be offered In the
work of the Short Course. Two
hours each dny through the entire
four weeks will be spent in practic
ing cooking by those who are inter
ested in this feature" of the work. The
purchase, use and nutritive value of
foods will be explained by special
ists In charge. The preparation of
menus and the serving of meals will
receive attention. This work will be
given In- two sections providing both
for the experienced and the inex
perienced and less skilled, ao that
each student may receive precisely
the desired Instruction.
Farmers Xot Specialist.
The great majority of farmers In
Oregon are not specialists but are
producers of general crops. Special
attention will be given to the grow
ing and handling of the pasture, hay,
soiling and silage crops from seeding
to feeding, at the Short Course. The
departments interested In such crops
will give a complete discussion of
soiling crop Bystems and silage mak
ing. For many conditions, alfalfa,
clover, kale, vetch and corn are es
pecially needed and for such Profes
sor 0. R. Hyslop will go into detail
and will consider every main point,
Including inoculation and other
special practices.
Certain parts of Oregon are es
pecially suited to the growing of
seed crops. Oregon potato growers
who can produce disease-free seed
potatoes are receiving fancy prices
from California growers. In this
course Professor Hyslop will give
close attention to the best methods
for the production of grain and seed
crops, such as barley, oats, wheat
and corn for grain or for seed; and
the production of seed crops of
vetch, clover, potatoes, alfalfa and
field peas will be discussed from the
seed grower's staudpotnt. A "com
ing" money crop for Eastern Oregon
fanners is the growing of seed from
alfalfa and field peas, but special
methods must be followed for suc
cess, and these will be discussed In
detail. Practical plant breeding
methods for the farmer will be dis
cussed, and to Illustrate the princi
ples the students will judge grain,
corn and other seeds In the labora
tory. Soil Requirements.
In conjunction with this study of
Oregon's crops. Professors Scudder
and Kuzick will present a study of
the soil requirements of each crop
and the most profitable rotations for
each type of farming. They will also
discuss the value, preservation and
correct use of manures and fertiliz
ers, and the various treatments for
acid soils. Oregon is a land of
varied soils and there will be lec
tures, demonstrations and round
table discussions of the good and bad
features of each of the chief soil
types of the state and the crops and
treatment best adapted to each. The
fundamental facts relating to the
physical problems of the soil, In
cluding soil structure, soil moisture,
heat and air, soil bacteria, and plant
foods, tillage operations, will be
presented In lectures, both Illustrated
and non-illustrated, and by demon
strations in field and laboratory.
There will be special laboratory and
field practice In sampling and judg
ing soils.
Work in Soils.
The work in soils will be assisted
by the Department of Bacteriology,
which will present the results of Its
experiments In lnocculatlng and lim
ing soils, and other special features
of soil management that should be
known to every farmer In both East
ern and Western Oregon. The De
partment of Horticulture will pre
sent the question of the proper soils
for horticultural purposes.
Illustrated lectures will be given
by Dr. W. W. Atwood on the subject
of Plant Physiology. Those bearing
directly upon the subjects of crops
and soils are: "How Plants Draw
from the Soil and Make Use of the
Materials They Need," "The Rela
tion of the Green Coloring Matter of
Plants to Their Ability to Make
Their Own Food," "How Plants In
crease In Size," and "Rest Periods
of Seeds and Plants." '
S03IE BREEDERS GET ADVAN
TAGE. The man who wants to succeed In
poultry-raising must look keenly to his
profits. There must not be a loop
hole anywhere. There are so many
chances for leaks that few breeders
actually take In the amount of money
Invested. The man who uses Lice-0
has the advantage. His birds lay in
season, his chick loss Is very low, and
his birds develop one-third faster. He
Is sure of his profits. LIce-0 is used
In every state on the Coast and Is sold
under a positive guarantee. A tube
largo enough to last the average
breeder ono year postpaid 60c. The
Llee-0 Co., 286 V4 Washington street,
Portland, Or. Adv.
Sugar Beet Industry.
The first beet-sugar factory In the
United States was erected In Phlla:
delphia in 1830. It did not prove a
success and was dismantled. In 1853
Brigham Young Imported a beet mill
to Utah from France and Peter Mag
nes set a small one up near Denver
In 18G0. The first successful factory
was built in 1870 at Alvarado, Cal.,
and was In operation.until 1913, when
it closed down. It is estimated that
$100,000,000 is now invested In the
sugar beet Industry of this country.
The sugar supply of the American
people is drawn from three main
sources. These are: Domestic beet
sugar produced In 17 states from
Ohio In the East to California In the
West, with Colorado having more
factories than any other state; do
mestic cane sugar produced In Louisi
ana, Hawaii, Porto Rico and the Phil
ippine; imported cane sugar produced
In Cuba.
Forgetfulnesg.
How quietly above this ruined home
Wild roses creep, and green vines
kindly roam;
So do the years above the hearts of
grief
Lay love's soft covering of bloom and
loaf!
Arthur Wallace Peach, in New
York Sun.
TTIMPORTANT, that
you mention this
paper in answering
advertisements.
1 tiv.
KEEP THE GREAT NORTHWEST
THE LAND OF PERPETUAL
CROPS
The Northwest is noted for abundant yields. Our land's
natural richness in plant food is agricultural history.
Yet, once upon a time New England was noted for its record fruit
shipments. Now it is known for its worn-out land.
Farms now covered with "For Sale'' signs mark the penalty of
taking away the land's ability to produce.
The land is the great Northwest's backbone. Take away its
strength and its functions will soon become paralyzed weakened
worn-out "New Englandized."
BEAVER BRAND
ANIMAL FERTILIZERS
"A FERTILIZER FOR EVERY SOIL."
Prevent your land from wearing out. The guaranteed analysis
shows the proper proportion of animal ammonia, nitrogen, phosphoric
acid and potash that revives strength gives new life enables the
next crop to feed upon the necessary sustenance for a good healthy
harvest. Insure against poor crops increase your land's producing
ability by ordering this famous fertilizer NOW. Fertilizer booklet
F48 free. Tells about fertilizers, their application and results they
produce for others.
E. O. Cntbrestb, Johnston, 8. 0., doe" It, Tfaonnndi ot
outers uoiDff lb ny nus ytiui run u tr
itompfl day. Double tlie land value-grow big
I crops on virgin boui ueia
HERCULES
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Bare ty ratennts. rree dwb euows puotos
id letters from owners. Ppectal pr
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'10
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Will interest yoa. Write now. Address 15
(mill Ml, C IIS! II..
2
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1000 NortUwestern National Ilank llli'K., Portland, Or.
Optrild
gjllu
KING Or THE WOODS" URAU
With or Without Buxi Saw Attachment
Will taw 20 to 40 cords of wood per day at a cost of I
$1.00. PULLS ITSELF up the stpt HILL and
.i. l... i r... i a .i... l... I
(vci uic luuxiicii wuuuu. vBta icso man vuiu wane mil J P -H
r. .... C- l . ,1. : in k I r TU..rvrt
VUC uiui silica lie Mnui iu iu iiuuio. IC 'I 1
Another sawed 40 cords in 9 hours. Thrres r T & 'ijSit
more you ougnt to Know. vvmeior tim-l. cai- f j jv .,JJ,
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