The gazette-times., November 05, 1914, HOME AND FARM MAGAZINE SECTION, Page 8, Image 14

B HOME AND FARM MAOAZTNE SECTION"
I ill l l Tl
United States Department of Agriculture Page
Bulletins and Special Articles of Interest to the Northwest, Issued by the Government; Suggestions Covering a Wide Range
of Activities; Results of Federal Investigations, Etc.
Feed Cattle Cottonseed Meal
BECAUSE of the abundant supply
of cottonseed meal that there
Is likely to be in this country
this year, specialists in the Depart
ment believe that the farmer has a
better opportunity to make money
by feeding beef cattle than for some
years past. The feeding value of
cottonseed meal has been recognized
by agricultural authorities for some
time and large quantities of It are
exported annually to Europe where
the farmers, especially those in Den
mark, are also aware of its useful
ness. It now seems likely that the
price of cottonseed meal will con
tinue to be considerably lower than
In recent years and the American
farmer should therefore utilize it t&
advantage to make cheap gains.
Price Low.
Two causes combine to lower the
price of cottonseed by-products. In
the first place the cotton crop in the
South this year is good, and In the
next the foreign markets have been
seriously interfered with by the
European war. It is estimated that
this year 15,000,000 bales of cotton
will be produced in the United States.
This should yield 6,680,009 tons of
seed. All of this, of course, will net
be crushed, but if last year's propor
tions hold good again about 2,000,
000 tons of cottonseed meal will be
available.
Last year approximately 400,000
tons were sent abroad. Under pres
ent conditions it is not probable that
anything like this quantity will be
exported this year, and, as the cot
ton crop is larger than before, it is
safe to assume that the quantity of
cottonseed meal on the heme market
will be 500,000 tons mere than last
year. This situation has already re
salted in a substantial drop in the
price of cottonseed by-products. Cot-
Apple. Clubs for
NOW IS THE TIME to form apple
clubs, and the U. S. Depart
ment of Agriculture in co
operation with the agricultural col
leges of northern and western states
Is endeavoring to interest the boys
and girls of apple-growing sections
In the possibilities of apple culture
as a profitable and pleasurable occu
pation. The organizations for the
young people on the farm are being
planned and begun in the New Eng
land States, New York, New Jersey,
Delaware, Pennsylvania, Michigan,
Ohio, Idaho, Montana, Oregon and
Washington. Any young people in
these states wishing to find out the
details of the new apple-raising clubs
should write at once to the state
agent in charge of club work at the
State College of Agriculture, or the
U. S. Department of Agriculture,
Washington, D. C.
Organization.
The new clubs will be organized
on the same lines as are those for
the encouragement of potato, corn
and alfalfa growing, gardening and
canning and poultry raising. Mem
bers must be not under ten nor over
eighteen years old. Each of the club
members will be allotted not less
than ten apple trees, six or more
years old, in the same orchard (and
all In one row or block if possible)
of which he will have the exclusive
care for one year. Each club must
have at least five members, and
these will be under the instruction
of a local leader who will receive in
structions from the state leader In
charge or the county agent. Follow
ing these instructions the young
member who knows aothing about
apple raising will learn to pick,
' grade, crate and market apples; also
to can and label fruit for exhibition
and for sale. The instructions will
aim to show each of these young
people how he may get the maximum
results from his ten trees with the
minimum expenditure of labor.
tonseed meal can now be bought in
the South at prices ranging from
$22 to $24 per ton instead of $27 to
$31 demanded last year. An even
greater decrease has taken place in
the price of cottonseed hulls, which
are now selling at from $4.50 to
5.50 a ton instead of $7 to $9 a
ton.
Illch In Protein.
At these prices cottonseed meal is
approximately $15 per ton cheaper
than linseed meal, and in addition its
feeding value is a trifle higher. It
seems obvious, therefore, that the
cattle feeder all over the country
should utilize cottonseed meal to a
far greater extent than he has done
in the past.
This meal is very rich in protein,
and It is usually considered that its
feeding value is at least twice that
of corn. In other words, one pound
of cottonseed meal is equal to two
pounds of corn for feeding cattfe.
A small portion of cottonseed meal
has an even greater relative value
where the ration would otherwise be
composed entirely of feeds high in
carbohydrates, such as corn, corn
stover and timothy hay. This is ex
.tremely important to cattle feeders
throughout the corn belt and other
states where much corn is fed. In
Indiana for example, it was found
that the addition of one pound of
cottonseed meal to a ration of corn
and clover hay resulted in a saving
of 1.37 pounds of corn and 1.41
pounds of clover hay. This means
that if corn was worth 70 cents a
bushel, and clover hay $15 a ton,
each ton of cottonseed meal fed the
cattle saved the farmer $55.40
worth of other feed. With cotton
seed meal at $24 a ton this is a net
saving of $31.40 a saving well
worth while.
Boys and Girls
As in the other clubs for boys atd
girls co-operating with the depart
ment, practical prizes will be award
ed by local fairs and interested peo
ple to those who excel, the best prize
however will be experience and a net
profit on investment to each mem
ber. Club agents are already at work
making enrollments for the new ap
ple clubs. During October and No
vember the plats will be selected and
assigned to the Individual members
aad the trees will be marked to show
to whom they are assigned. As soon
as the present apple crop is gathered
preparations will begin at once for
the next year. Some trees may need
fall pruning, cleaning out and mulch
ing. These details will be attended
to and the young people may be in
structed in the best methods.
During the winter, interest will be
kept up through the local club or
ganizations and meetings. The lead
ers will visit the plats of each of
the members to give specific destruc
tion, Early in the spring records
will be in order and each club mem
ber will be shown how he may keep
a simple account of the progress of
his row of trees. During the next
summer vacation the work will be
at Its height and the boys and girls
who are persevering will not only
learn much valuable information, but
may make a substantial profit on
the time and labor they have invest
ed. . Fall will be the occasion of apple
club fairs and festivals. At these
events there will be exhibits of all
kinds of apples and apple machinery,
devices used for handling both fresh
and cooked apples, of food products
prepared from apples, of canning
equipment, crates and barrels. Denr
onstratlons will be given at these
festivals of how to pare and core
apples, how to can "useless" wind
fall apples, how to make apple
jellies, butter and pickles; how to
grade, crate and pack apples, etc.
Prizes.
In awarding the prizes for the
year many features will be consid
ered; how the trees are pruned,
whether they are free from blight
and plant lice, how the soil has been
worked, the size, color and condition
of the fruit and methods of packing
will all count in the final reckoning.
One of the most important considera
tions is how much profit the club
member has netted from his invest
ment. In the last analysis that is the
final test of his success.
It is hoped that the organization
of apple clubs will show the younger
generation how apple culture may be
relieved of much of its drudgery.
Both profit and pleasure may be de
rived from such an organization
where properly-directed intelligence
and enthusiasm and a systematic
study of orchard problems as they
arise, will tend to secure the best results.
Cotton Flour Sacks
IN ORDER to Increase the demand
for cotton, one of the largest
flour-milling firms in America
has directed its managers and sales
men all over the country to urge Its
customers to accept deliveries of
flour that are shipped in cotton in
stead of jute sacks. Hitherto juto
imported from India has been used
extensively for shipments of flour,
both to home and foreign markets.
The sacks employed hold 140
potmds each. If the trade can be in
duced to accept shipments in cotton
sacks holding 98 pounds each, there
will be a marked increase in the de
mand for home-grown cotton and the
actloa of the floar-mllllng firm is re
garded as a long step in this direc
tion. Anything that will Improve the
financial condition of the cotton
growers. It is pointed out, will in
crease the volume of their cash pur
chases and thus benefit general busi
ness conditions. For this reason, It
is believed that the trade will not in
sist on the jute sacks used hitherto.
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