The gazette-times., September 24, 1914, HOME AND FARM MAGAZINE SECTION, Page 2, Image 8

HOME AND FAEM MAGAZINE SECTION
Oregon Agricultural College is the Friend of the Farmer
Page of News Notes and Interesting Articles Specially Written by College Experts For This Newspaper.
View of Oregon Agricultural College, Corvallis, Oregon, the Sole Aim of Which Is to Aid Agriculturists.
OPPORTUNITIES TOR WOMEN.
NOT ONLY does the School of Home
Economics of tho Oregon Agricul
tural College offer opportunities
for the young women of Oregon, but
in almost every department, in the in
stitution something will be found of
interest to women. The School of Com
merce gives splendid training in stenog
raphy and typewriting, in bookkeeping
and business methods, including ac
counting and office methods, and every
year many young women are found pur
suing this line of study.
The department of Industrial Peda
gogy, training teachers especially for
supervising ami touching the industrial
subjects now rapidly taking their
places in the public schools, offers at
tractive and thoroughly efficient work
for students who arc ambitious to help
in tho leadership of industrial educa
tion throughout the Pacific Northwest.
Tho call of outdoor life is being in
creasingly felt by women, and as a
consequence the various courses in the
School of Agriculture, especially cer
tain phases of horticulture, poultry
husbandry, and dairying, are attracting
women who are broad-minded and pro
gressive. Pharmacy, requiring, as it
docs, neatness and accuracy, is espe
cially suitable for women, and many
have found that this course, immediate
ly following its completion, leads to de
sirable positions. A fine feeling of
fellowship exists between all the girls
in cnlletfp regardless of the course in
which they are enrolled, and all are
alike interested in student activities.
The Oregon Agricultural College, in
short, is coeducational in the largest
sense of the word. Women on the
faculty and women as students find
here no limitations upon the largest
exercise of their talents and their individuality.
est of the farmers in progressive agriculture.
EXTENSION POULTRYMAN.
CC. LAMB has been appointed ex
3 tension poultryruan for Oregon
by the Agricultural College. He
will carry to the people of tho state
the most successful methods known in
the care and management of poultry,
and in methods ot Handling ana mar
keting ponltry products. He will also
give demonstrations of scientific poul
try husbandry practices, in different
parts of the state and deliver lectures
before associations interested in the
production of poultry and eggs. At '.he
present time Mr. Lamb is preparing
tho college exhibit for tho State Fair,
ia which one of the leading features
will be methods of marketing eggs di
rect by parcels post. He has worked
as Professor Dryden's assistant for
three years and has been a student of
poultry husbandry at the college. His
appointment makes it possiblo for the
people of the state to secure the serv
ices of a trained poultry specialist in
solving the problems that confront
them in the poultry business.
GETTING FRUIT READY FOR DIS
PLAY AT FAIRS.
RU1T SHOULD be exhibited at
fairs strictly by classes, was the
renlv of Professor C. I. Lewis as
to how best prepare the fruit for show.
All plates of SpiUenbergs, Yellow New-
towns and all other varieties entereu
for a premium should be grouped to
gether in one part of the Bhow. Ex
hibitors should be careful to secure
copies of the regulations under which
the fruit they enter will be displayed,
and then as carefully follow them.
The aim of the fair as well as that
nf tltp ex hibitor should be quality, and
not quantity. A small fair of high
class produce well arranged is more
creditable and has more educational
value than a much larger far of poor
i.. ...... A mediocre phibits. It will
also arouse more community pride and
inspire more efiort to excel.
A nnles and pea rs should be exhibit
ed in plates of five no more and no
less. It would be well to fane more
vhan five to the fair so that in case
one of the exhibition specimens is
damaged it can readily be replaced. Of
peaches and plums more than five
specimens are allowed, but not more
than twelve should be put into one ex
hibit. In choosing the fruit bear in mind
..nifnrmitv. free from blemish, size and
color. Don't pick the biggest, fruit on
the tree. It is very likely to have
skin imperfection and poor color, and
to be not of the best market value.
Five specimens of uniform type will
have a higher rating than four medi
um specimens with one abnormally
nr ...mil. Get fruit as nearly
I Hi Kb '
typical in color as possible. If it is a
red apple, get them all red, not paii
yellow or green. Then reject all speci
mens that show scab, insect damage,
skin puncture, or any other blemish.
"I have had to throw out hundreds of
plates of apples because they had some
of the blemishes, since our rules or
judging say that sueh specimens must
bo ruled out," is a statement mat
.w. the nrobable fate of apples that
are entered with these blemishes.
also unusually strong and of a very
drying character. Tho rainfall for
months is indicated by the first set of
of figures below, and departure from
the normal is shown by ine secouu
each pair of numbers:
Rainfall for January, 11.48 inches,
excess 4.64 inches; for February, 4.43
inches, deficiency 1.47 wencs; ior
March 3 12 inches, deficiency 1.51
inehesj for April, 4.37 inches, excess
1.52 inches; for May 1.59 inches, de
ficiency 0.66 inches; for June, 2.15
inches, excess 0.36 inches; for July, .00
inches, deficiency 0.28 inches; for Aug
ust, .00 inches; deticieucy u.
temneraturo for each
month together with the departure from
the normal is shown in me '"'"
table: ,
January, temperature, 44.0 degrees
fcr February, 42.1
UAtuaa v.mv "vp, , -
degrees, excess 0.6 degrees; for March
.10 q ,iUIrroe excess 4.1 aeKITW,
April 52.5 degrees, excess 1.4 degrees,
for Mrv, 57.5 degrees, excess 2.5 do
grees; 'for June, 57.8 degrees, defi
ciency 2.0 degrees; for July, 66.7 de
grees, excess 1.4 degrees.
It iB thus seen that the moisture de
ficiency even for the months of July
and August ,i but very sligm.
dentally, the report shows the need of
irrigation since the normal rainfall ol
July is but little more than a quarter
J . l linn O
of an inch, and ior AuguM -- -half
inch. "But irrigation has been
more profitable this year than in the
average year," y rroiesw"
EGG RECORD STANDS.
T THIS MOMENT a million
hens are in training to beat
that record," said an eastern
it,r lnnrn.il a few months ago in
IJIuui; J"- ,
sneaking of the record of 303 eggs m
a year made Dy ine u. a., v,. ut
From reports of the two laying compe
.;.: nt. the Missouri and Connecti-
., .tatlrms. it now looks as tnougn
rocnrd may not be beaten this
year. On August first no hen had made
a record equaling the Uregon nen uuu
it hardly seems possible now that any
ol them can overtake ner.
SUCCESSFUL INSTITUTES.
SERIES of nine very successful
farmers', institutes has just been
ffnnc.ludoa in Klamath County by
a group of specialists from the Agri
cultural College. The institutes were
held under the auspices of A. E. Lovctt,
county agriculturist, with instruction
and demonstration by J. E. Larson in
agronomy, Ralph Reynolds in animal
husbandry and A. L. Lovett in insect
crop pests. More than 900 farmers at
tended ono or more sessions of these
institutes, and the field demonstrations
that were made proved to be of great
interest and value to the farmers. The
extension force speaks very highly of
the Klamath country and of the inter-
N
RAINFALL IN VALLEY HEAVIER
THAN NORMAL.
OT WITHSTANDING the general
impression that this has Deen tne
year the valley has known
for many years, the actual rainfall is
8.18 inches in excess oi tne nonn.u,
according to weather reports made by
Professor W. L. Powers, of the Agri
cultural College. Tho usual weather
conditions are due to c-.uses other than
rainfall according to this report, be
ing chiefly a matter of temperature,
with the exception of June, every
month of the present year has been
considerably warmer thnn normal, and
the excess temperature for tho first
seven months is 13.8 degrees.
In addition to this high average tem
perature, the winds prevailing were
COLLEGE COURSES OPEN BOTH VO
MEN ADD WUHLD.
T.pc ti, vnliio nf knowledge and
Am nnl end With youth,
courses tor matures uc..
v.n Wn nrovided by the Agn-
WUlIlfll uinv r - - -
cultural College for tne citizens
Oregon. These eourses will Fove of
the greatest value in preparing the stu
dents for the exercises of their high
est possibilities of life, by providing
.i. Wnnwlndire and technical
tne Bi'w' - .
skill required in their chosen vocations.
Farmers who reel we neeu .
dependence on science and less on luck
in their various nuco m , --
well as more skill in performing the
. i..i.: fnm life, may
many varieu u - ,
enter the vocational course m agncui-
i venr secure the required
nrenaration. The housewiie wno
the need of more advanced and mod
ern methods of'bome-roaking, and more
ability in expendmg tne lami.y . -
in such a manner as to provide better
supplies for less money, may secure
instruction and training in these essen
tials of good home-making in the one
year course in Home Making. And in
like manner the dairyman may spe
cialize in selection and care of the
d-iiry herd, in creamery methods or in
the handling and marketing of dairy
nro,lcts. Each of these is a one-year
course. . . , ,
A course in forestry is provided for
practical foresters and lumbermen. The
work of this courso . r - -thn.a
who care for the intcr-
ests of forests and forest products m
the Pacific Northwest, ana is com
pleted in five and a half months.
The course in DuinB '""
the farm and in tho shop and store
offers several lines of work, giving stu
dents an opportunity to elect such spe
cialties as best suit their ."dividual
needs The courses are simplified to
meet the demands of successful and
practical men and women, and yet it is
so thorough that two years are re-
..--j 'iffl rnmtilotion.
The course in mechanic, arts is the
most extensive of all the vocational
courses and requires three years for its
completion, Students are given an op
portunity to ehoose their specialties la
carpentry, cabinet making, forging,
nlnmbinir. foundry, machine shop prac
tice and electrical construction.
Each of the foregoing courses
., n nnrnne havinc a common school
education and at least IS years of age.
The minimum age requirement ior uw
mechanic arts course is 10 yeur. i "B
boys and girls will be admitted ou
eighth grade diplomas, and older per
sous on recommendation of the dean
of the school they wish to enter.
PURITY OF FARM WATBB vr
FIEST IMPORTANCE.
THE FARM WATER supply is one
of the most important factors in
the general health of the family,
writes T. D. Beckwith, professor of
bacteriology at the Oregon Agricul
tural College. The supplies of the city
are usually purer than those of the
... ..,,0o thpv are better guarded
nroducinir bacteria. 1 er-
sons who drink infected water are like
ly to contract the particular uiscaw
caused by the Kinas oi gcrm p
in the water. Hence the need of keep
ing the water pure.
Water is never impure however so
far as the bacterial content is concern
ed, unless there is some source of con-
tamination. Most diseases are causeu
by some form ol germ, and ine getm.
. nnt spontaneously. If prop
er provision against this contamimv
tion is provided uj
means, the health of the family will U
greatly increased.
Deep wells pass through an impervi
ous layer of rock or soil and tap
subterranean wster supply, while shal
i . n waive their supply from
lun nvn" - - - - -
the immediate neighborhood, usually
with a radios ot a lew reel. i'
true, regardless of tho actual ucpm
of the well below the surface of tht
j Tt 4h deen well, which 18
supplied with water that has traveled
considerable distance, is
. w t,nri. is no surface percolation.
the water will generally be quite pure,
since it has been niterea mruuS
many miles of soil. The water in shal
low wcUs is quite likely to be con
taminated with the kind of disease
germs that may be found in the coun
try immediately surrounding the well.
If such water is used at all care should
be taken to have the area around the,
well perfectly cleaned up, and quit
often filtration or boiling is essential
to its sanitary j urity.
WINS GOOD POSITION.
JOHN MARTIN, an O. A. C. gradu
ate of 1914, has been appointed
to a position in tho cereal crop
branch of the United
States Department of Agriculture. He
has been assigned to cereal Drccumg,
crop rotation and seed selection work
in the experiment station at Newell,"
South Dakota, at a salary of $1,440 pet '
year. He won wis prize puaiuuu
his ability as a student, his experience
on the farm in summer and in a seed
store in winter, and his splendid show
ing in the competitive examination.
trades throughout the four
years of his college work was almost
95, Jn the iederai examination no
met 110 competitors from many dif
ferent parts of the country, and was
one of the 30 to make a passing grade,
being one of the very highest. He pre
pared for college and for his bright
career in the Bchools of Albany and in
the farming and mcrchautile industries
oE that section.
Don't cut more liny than you can get
in in a day if you are in a rainy district.