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About The gazette-times. (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 3, 1914)
6. The Business Farmer A New Type By Gerald EASTERN cities bout of their great factories the perfect way in which the are organised, and the wonderful machines in them, that perform the work of many hands with almost human intelligence. They boast of the value of the products turned out by the factories how the Value of the raw materials is in Creased many times over by the work Of the machines. Here on the Coast we have our own manufacturing plants of a new and different type. There are hundreds and hundreds of them, employing ex pensive and powerful machinery, pro ducing products that are in demand in every part of the world. These plants are our farms; the machines they em ploy are farm tractors, gas engines, t harvesting outfits, plows, etc., and the managers of the factories are the mod ern business farmers. ; Former Methods. Farming used to be done by rule-of-thumb, by tradition, by hearsay, or by hit-or-mis8 judgment. That day is past. Today the business farmer goes about his work scientifically, figures his costs as carefully as any factory accountant, seeks cheaper methods to lower his cost of production. The re sult is that he is installing machines to do as much of his work as possible and the worker on the farm today because of machines can produee five times as much as our fathers pro duced. This is indeed the power age and it is only dawning. In 1908 there were not more than 400 tractors in the field, according to the estimates of some good authorities. Last year two firms sold over three hundred tractors in California alone. Other agricultural countries have profited by America's example, and tractors are being Bhipped to Russia, Cuba, the Phillipines, Germany, South America and to every other part of the globe where erops are raised. The reason is that tractors have shown themselves so much more satis factory than horses and so much cheaper in operation that their adop tion has been inevitable. Farming, to be most profitable, must follow tie rules of all other business, and busi ness swings toward the lowest cost. The day of the horse is passing, DomesticScientists particularly should read TJ. 8. Bulletin No. 103 of the Dept. of Agriculture on the subject of Aluminum Compounds in Baking Powder. CRESCENT Baking Powder is a type of those experiment ed upon and meets all require ments of a Pure Food Product, 25c Per lb. Crescent Manufacturing Company Seattle YOU CAN EARN $50.00 PER.?A fk .. a nt with tha WSSsaeBBflwt Imorov) Standard Well Drill Inn Machine, Drill through any forma boo. vur and dmrino eama in 9 holm. Another recerd wtterc 70 feet wu drilled on 2 H gal. distillate at 9c perfal One man cab operate. Electrically eauipped fm Vut ngrrigf. FwrmrgM. Etrgiiie.ffnrlvm. Catalogue V2 tv RSOH MACHINERY CO., Manfrt. Portland, Or The Man Who Knows fc practical, profitable trade Is Independent, yrite or call for references, takes only few ponths to learn. Positions guaranteed. WATCH MAXIMO, ENGRAvTHQ, OPTICAL SCHOOL 816 Commonwealth Sldg., Sta tad aJoteny Portland. Ore. HOME AOTJ FARM MAGAZINE SECTION M. Walker. and that because the horse has not been able to hold his own against machines of iron and steel, propelled by gasoline, oil or distillate. Horses have become unprofitable. They are too costly to buy and too eostly to keep. In the last ten years horses have increased in price 143 per eent in ten times ten years their power has not increased an ounce. Time Used in Caring for Horses. Each horse requires twenty-seven minutes of some man's time every day in the year, winter and summer alike, for cleaning, feeding, watering, etc This is not a guess it is the report made by the United States govern ment after a most careful investiga tion. And this labor horse chores is the hardest, most disagreeable sort of drudgery. Compare this with tho modern gas tractor, that only takes a few minutes of some man's time daily interesting work to any one of a mechanical turn of mind to keep it in tho very finest shape. Then consider the stable room, and the space required to store the horse's feed. Compare tho expensive barns re quired for this purpose with the small shed needed to house the tractor. The horse tires out in six hours, on the average; tho tractor can work day and night twenty-four hour stretches, if desired. Horses get sick and die their working power is cut down by extreme heat. Neither heat nor cold affect the tractor and it has no fear of plague or sickness. Tractors require no man's time or attention when they are not doing use ful work. The horse must be cared for whether he is working or not- must even bo exercised in the dull season 3. These are not all the points of ad vantage of the tractor over the horse, A volume might be written on the subject and then it would not be ex hausted. From every standpoint, ex cept possibly that of sentiment, the tractor is far ahead of the horse, and few farmers can afford to keep horses to do their heavy work for eenti mental reasons only. Adopting the Tractor. California farmers have adopted the tractor eagerly, but they have been particular about the kind of tractor they get. When eastern manufactur ers came with cheap machinos, they said "we won't have them. You can't P BE A BIG MAN 1 Is your community. Our commercial course given a rant fund of practical information you caa constantly use to advantage. Bookkeeping, Arithmetie, Commercial Law, English and Corre spondence, Penmanship and Spelling, widen your sphere of action and get you In line for success. Endorsed by Home Industry League. Chartered 1903. Booklet describing this and 60 other money making courses sent free. Dept 6 Modern Sool of Correspondence UndtnawJ Bldg., Sao Francisco. Cash Register Bargains Our prices about half other dealers. We pay highest price for second-hand regie ters. We do expert repairing and guar an tee our work. Will exchange to suit your requirements. STJNDWALL CO., 805 2nd avenue, "cattle. Phone Main 1180. EARN CHIROPRACTIC A acsenre that meet thft floods of vrtry one who b nek. MKN and WOMEN ara sucrenul pratf tibonera. Enter a profession thai makes youinde pendent, anil bring r on mony. We have the best course. Oaas now forming. WRITEfORGAIAlOS. Pacific Chiropractic College lO MM ON WEALTH BUILDING QWTLANP, QWgOONl SLACK br Cutttr'i Blackleg PHI, fxiw iinrrn, rresn, rruartie; preferred nrwiiri sweajnm Decaiue may fr aw winr ginnr vauinM 1mm m .. . aim imumun ET- (A.riM ---- niui.1.. n . i . Write for bonklrt and twtimonUlf M m a m H DW.IPI rill" 9 1 a 80-oon Dkoa. Blaeklee PI in 4 Use inr tnleetor. but Cutter! bast Tne srrnervtmy of Cutter product to rlue to orer L T i. ,lV",n ' Mi"e i unims oely. ru. . " un"rwaMe. order rtlrrct. rHE CUTTER LABORATORY, Btrttlo, Centers! fOJ BtST SPRAYER Yoa want ttt tin temper, trouble and (reel Too want to rane halt ttu bnnaa the hiihctt on You want to know all abou eor tvnyer before yon buy. Tbere is more you oufht b ufttaJogoe 67 'mow. Uo Ton Wait It Kit RMS MUfflim N. knew Ilia Price etaaulacUm 162 MerrlMa tt, Portland, Ore. WANT THE soil us something cheap, that's going! to go to pieces after a few months' work. We want machines built for service." Then came the light ma chines the saving in freight made some appeal. But the California farm ers said, "They won't do for us. some oi our plowing is in hard adobe soil, where a light machine either wouldn't pull at all, or would bo pulled to pieces." Finally came the heavier, stronger machines, but with round wheels, and the farmers shook their heads and said: "Not here. Take them down in the soft land, such as we have in the delta or out where the soil is light and sandy, and they'd mire down to the hubs in a minute." Meanwhilo Benjamin Holt had been doing a good deal of experimenting down in Stockton, California. In 1904 he placed on the market a machine that was powerful enough for the heaviest work, strong enough to stand the heaviest racks and strains and, best of all, had an ingenious form of flat track in place of drive wheels, from which the Holt tractor got its name of the "Caterpillar" a name which has sinee been registered as the copyrighted name of this tractor. The new tractor was a great suc cess in the Coast country. It had a powerful, four cylinder motor that suppliod plenty of power for all farm work under all conditions. It did the work of thirty or more horses in plow ing, hauling, discing, seeding, harrow- Anti-Saloon League Luncheon By R. P. Hntton. FIVE HUNDRED and fifty Port land and Willamette Valley busi ness men gathered in the big din ing room of the Portland Ilotol Tues day noon, August 18, at a luncheon givon in houor of Howard H. Russell, the founder of the Anti-Saloon League of America. Tho luncheon was unique in that it was paid for by members of the Pitts burgh Board of Trade, who requested Mr. Russell to arrange such meetings at their expense in all the metropolises of the four western states which vote on state-wido prohibition this fall. Mr. Russell delivored an address on Methods to Promote Efficiency and Safety by Increased Sobriety," This was the address which ke delivered be fore nearly a thousand members of tho Pittsburgh Board upon invitation of some of the largest manufacturers. "Representatives of a thousand mil lions of dollars of invested manufac turing capital were present and they unanimously endorsed the Shephord Hobsou national prohibition amend ment at this Pittsburgh meet imp, and following this meeting the Board of Trade of Pittsburgh petitioned Con gress to pass that bill," said Mr. Rus sell. "And some of those Board of Trade men, hearing I was to make a vacation tour of inspection of theee states which are voting, proposed that if I would get together you men, they, as fellow manufacturers and business men, would foot the bill." Mr. Russell said that already the martial law closing down the saloons! in the coal strike district in Colorado had shown that the "per man" output increased 11 per cent and that the mine owners of Colorado had joined the "drys" in the present campaign for that reason, just as they did i? West Virginia two years ago. He told how the railroads had al most universally adopted "Rule O," which discharges any man seen fre quenting a place where intoxicants are sold, whether he drinks or not. Following this ho cited the testi mony of automobile manufacturers that during Monday and Tuesday they wore short handed and work was delayod because men had not got back after their Sunday drinking. The foundrymen were backing pro hibition because they found that over eighty per cent of their defective cast ings and rejected products wore made on Monday before noon and for the samo cause. Tho U. S. Steel corporation had post ed some of its mills with the - that promotion would bo given only to total abstainers. Mine owners and foundrymen and manufacturers found that the majority of accidents came at the tarns Vine and for the same reason. Under the ing, road grading and similar tractive work. In belt work it furnished twies that power. Laying Its Own Track. The Caterpillar Tractor actually lays its own track and rolls over it, then picks up the track behind it and lays it down in front again. The tractor is supported by wheels that run on this track four wheels on each side, that run on a surface as hard and smooth as the rails on which a rail road train runs. On soft land, the effect of this track is the same as a board placed over a mud hole. The weight of the tractor is distributed over so great surface that it cannot pack the soil. It has been figured that the pres sure on the ground under the track of one of these tractors is less, per square inch, than the pressure under a man's foot about one-third as great as the pressure under a mule's or horse's hoof. This means that the mv chine can work successfully whore other tractors would be Bure to sink in it has even been known to work on land where horses could not go without bog shoos, where a fish pole could be shoved down by hand a distance of six or seven feet into the ground. The great surface in contact with' the ground also makes slippage im possible. The Caterpillar can work where the roads are slippery and not lose all its power in spinning the wheels around. compulsory compensation law this was an item. For that reason they had joined the campaign for a dry nation and pending that time for dry states as a step toward that. "If these Northwestern states go "dry" this fall," said he, "Congress will submit the national amendment, so say to the fellow who 'is for national but not state prohibition,' that this if a part of the national campaign." It was very significant of the chang ing Bontiment of business that six hun dred men were willing to take twe hours out of the middle of the day. Mayor H. B. Albce presided and the following Portland mon sent the invi tations: Mayor n. R. Albee; J. S. Bradloy, Jumber; Judge Earl C. Bro naugh, attornoy; J. H. Boyd, pastor First Presbyterian Churoh; Wilson Clark, lumber; E. 0. Coffoy, surgeon; C. C. Colt, Union Meat Co.; Samuel Connell, Northwest Door Co.; W. H. McCord, timber; J. W. McDougall, superintendent Portland District, Meth odist Episcopal Church; A. A. Morse, O.-W. B. & N. By.; Miller Murdock, attorney; E. Quackcnbush, capitalist; J. P. Rasmussen, wholesale paints and oils; A. King Wilson, attorney. R. P. Button, asistant superintend ent of the Anti-Saloon League, said that house to house canvassing showed that the "drys" were in the major ity largely, but that of those regis tered the "wets" were largely in the majority. Two hundred thousand voters were still unregistered, mostly drys. "Un less we rogister thousands more the amendment is lost," he said. "Women and farmers are the worst sinners," he said. "Eleven counties have registered fewer this year with women than two years ago without them." He then told how farmers were in some places gathering groups in con venient places and notaries or justices were registering them and how women wore taking notarial commissions and canvassing and registering voters at ton cents por name as per section 3455 Lord's Oregon Laws. In this way it was hoped to induce many "Oregon inhabitants to become Oregon citi zens." Have Any of the Readers of This Paper a Good Ranch for Salo? I want to buy a good farm. I would like some stock on it, but that won 't be noccssary if the farm is worth the money. Tell me all about your place in your first lettor. I have not time to write lettors and ask questions. I must get located and stop this wasting money looking around. J. Lynch, P, O. Box 10D9, Portland, Oregon.