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About The Lebanon express. (Lebanon, Linn County, Or.) 1887-1898 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 18, 1897)
Lebanon Express. . H. Y. K1SKPATRICK, ED iltar - and - Proprietor Last week' Albany Imprint was i no credit to journalism. It laid I the Sunday Mercury in the shade.! The commercial reviews which' promised so much prosperity with-', in twenty-four hours after Mc-! Eiuley'e election was an assured J fact, are still making apologies for ' nondelivery of the Mmds. Sonne of g.iod sense expected them to be able to comply with their contract. It was another case uf forty acres and a mule, but it was the "intel ligent" whites that were fooled thiB time. Dispatch. Sherman county is a great wheat producing district. It is onlv about one-half the size uf Wasco entity in extent of territory, and markets one-third more v heat than this county. But judging from the appearance of the advertising col-1 umns of its official newspaper, the ' Observer, the sheriff is the princi- j pal collector and dealer in the real estate and nrnrliioe of that section estate ana proouce oi mm section oi tne country. umur ri?patcn, .1 . T1 I- 1X . 1 A Wisconsin unurt has recently given another black ere to the miserable "innocent purchaser"! leg tl tradition. The court held that the note was . obtained fraud ao4 represented the proceeds of a swindle. The holder of the note may have been innocent ; enough, but it was his business to j Know sometmng as to tne origin I buring. The real Til aimed at in the decision was the assumption of j innocenec which is nsual. ! In view of the many attacks on wills because of the alleged inca pacity of the per-ons nuking, them, 1 a Connecticut lefihtor Dronoses a a Lonnectitut legislator proposes a new law. It is to theeffect that any one who makes a will may de- nosit it with a leira' officer who' yr.,, n,.u -i shall irive nnblic notice that a will : has been offered and that all who 1 P"18 ulies applied to the bald spot ..." .. ., . . . , i in the hope of making hair grow again wiah to question the testator 8 ca-1 are Fol thBt KUsteningi white pacitr shall have a certain time in ) desert is totally barren of productive which to do so; and if no objectiou roo,' Bnd the oi!r ra re uriea lor is made then the will shall not be j However, the progress of baldness sulijo-t t attack arter the death of j can be impeded. This is accomplished the ii aker. The Mtssaee of such a ! law in all the states would materi ally reduce the number of will contest' and promote the distribu tion of property according to the real desiree of the testators, besides preventins; the entire absorption of estates in law suits, as bus been too o'ten the case. JOHN M. 80MERS "HOXEST JOHX." , Kepresentative John M. Somets has introduced a bill in the legis lature for reapportionment of the etate for representation in the house and senate. Tbe bill takes one senator from Linn county, adds three senators to Multnomah coun ty, and increases Multnomah's representation in the house from nine to fifteen, making her i total increase of nine. Doe this look like "Honest John" is legislating for Linn county or Multnomah? Just think of it! One of our own representa tives trying to take our represen tation away from us and giving it to Multnomah! Did Linn county send a wind-mill to misrepresent us in the legislature? It this so called limb of law is so desirous of reducing our representation, we would say to him, in all candor and honesty, just simply resign. 1 $ioo Reward, $ioo. The readers of this paper will be pleased to learn that there is at least one dreaded disease that science has been abietoeure in all its atagss, and that is catarrh. Hall's Catarrh Oure is the only positive cure now known to the medical fraternity. Catarrh being a constitationai disease, rednires a constitutional treatment. Hall's Catarrh Cure is taken internally, acting directly up on the blood and mucous surfaces of the system, thereby destroying the foundation of the disease, and giving the patient atrenrfb by building up the constitution and assisting nature in doing its work. The proprietors have so much faith la its cura tive powers, that they offer One Hundred Dollars for any case that it fails to cure. Bend for list ol testimonials. Address. V. J. Casus. Co., Toledo, 0. Bold by Drujasists, 76c. Ball s Family Pills are the best . JHatatf talntttn Mr aanftrrti. BALDNESS A DISEASE. A Prenoh Doctor Says It May Be Prevented. Cvatagts oa Waeee tin tllerooae FUhI Lodf Now the real cause of baldness hot been discovered, and a French derma tologist, Or. Labourand, suggest a remedy. By the use oi this remedy, he says, baldness can be prevented, and in the next general ion it may be unknown. Can the av.-f ui consequence of such a .-.covery be iumgmcu? Can people of . s generation coiitemplnte sueh aso ..al condition as a total lack of bald ness? What will the laiici girl do with out that iiispiriug rev. of shining pates just beyond the fnotiight? What will the funny man do, deprived of his fund of bahibcuded jokes? Hair will grow in vulgar abundance. It has been known for some time among medical men that baldness is a disease. It has even been supposed to e due to a specific microbe. In fact, uch an extraordinary amount of evi nce in favor of the theory has been cumulated that the idea is now gen ..!!y accepted. Dr. Lnbournnd's in--stigatinn in the subject has been -uaustive and of such a conclusive na ture us to add heavy reinforcements to he already existing microbic theory, 'e believes that the disease is cun- j :;gious and that the causeof contagion ; .ind the spreading of microbes is due I to the barber's instruments. He pre- u""Jer" "s-umenis. tie pre- sentsstronff evidence in sunnort of thi . " theory. According to Labourand the typical i diseased hair is found at the edge of a constantly enlarging bald spot. It is It is shaped like an interrogation point; t grows less in diameter toward the . i root, ana nas lost its color, beuur cither gray or white. The normal pith canal is wanting at the root, which is itself no longer bulbous and hollowed for the rwpiila, but distorted in shape and hardened., Within the root sac a little ui may oe seen ueveioprog n ex- unuer tne magnuyiag giasg. it ; In the good hair this bulb or ntricule a full and closed, and contains in Its center compact clusters of microbeB. a culture of the smallest bacillus known. As t:ie microbe matures it may become one one-hundredth of an inch in width. is bent or slightly curved in shape, like 4 toanu. blunt at the ends and slightly j c!n,er- Each buib con' ! .ajES mi!lions o y, to , themisattributedthecauseof baldness, j Investigation shows that by the time I "? tolr,,, and th p001 j rebaceous glands useless the microbe : h bich nrodueed this effect is mn i.mlt,Mi(l -V.il. ..fv... : i oiamtection of the skm at the edge and in the neighborhood of the patch by means of an effectual, microbe-destroying tonic If the microbe of baldness is an actual fact, as seems fairly probable, and if the prevalence of the condition is due to contagion, as is the reasonable and logical deduction, baldness can be pre vented and the finrt stages of the dis ease arrested by intelligent treatment So, in time, baluuess may disappear from humanity. Chicago Times-Herald. OYSTERS AND TYPHOID. The Blimlns Cap his of Caosiaf Dsn It is not likely that the public will toad, or even see, the elaborate report cn the oyster and the typhoid question just issued by the local government board, and therefore we beg them not to be alarmed at the comments that are appearing in tbe press on the anbject. Report does not warrant an alarmist view. It contains, it ia true, the abun dant justification for having raised the question. Oysters are now proved, not only in this country bnt in France and the t'nited States, to be capable of causing, and to have actually caused, typhoid fever. And the investigation of tbe oyster beds on our coasts, carried out by Dr. Ilulstrode for the local gov ernment board, shows that in several places oysters are exposed to the risk of conveying the disease. They are placed for fattening in shallow water oesr uie tores nore, and so close to sewer outfalls as to be pretty constantly bathed by sewage. The worst places in this respect are Southend, Grimsby, Shoreham and the IsSe of Wight. On the osher hand. Whitstable end several other famous beds are beyond suspi cion, while a third class is only theoret ically open to danger. But the most comforting point brought out by the repirt ie that even in the worst case the danger can be removed without difficulty. Now that the government has pointed the nay, it is for the local authorities to carry out the necessary reforms, and for oyster consumers to, insist that tltey are carried ouu tit, Jamee Gazette, loie That TtVm. ' The Doctor Here's the bill for vemr husband's treatment I'll be glad to al low yon 20 per cent, off for cash. The Widow But yon said that yon would not charge anything if you didn't relieve bim! "So I did. Have you heard him com plain lately?" Cleveland Leader. Boplng for the Best. She Yon know, dear, we won't get any of father's money while he lives. He I know, but he's going to reside witn ns and yon re going to do the cook- UNCOOKED FOOD. The Strange Fare of Three Hearty California Women, Article t rami Comum la la ta Kanral Mat - h This Odd Kocum Is rntend. There are three charming women in Berkeley who constitute the exception neceaiary to prove the rule that man is a cooking animal. They regard cook ing as barbarity. Their dab. 'ty palates rebel at the suggestion of any food that has had its crude nature modified by fire. To them the chef and all bis works are anathema nioranatha. They eat three hearty uncooked meals every day, and are as plump as partridges, as rosy aB pippins and as happy as sandboys withal. This gnatronomicol eccentric trio con sist of Mrs. L. Beol and her two daugh ters, Alice and Mary Beal. The Heals are a cultured English family. Their wealth and intelligence preclude the idea that their extraordinary diet should have been adopted through either economy or imperfect Investiga tion into matters of science. They moved from England to the South Sen islands, where Mr. Beal was a repre sentative of her majesty's royol govern ment. When Mr. Beal died they come to California, and have been living in a very pretty little place which nestle among the Berkeley hills. It was during their residence in the islands of the South sea that the Beals acquired their taste for uncooked food. The Deals are in no sense simple eaters of fruit. Their regimen includes all kinds of vegetables, eerenls, fruit, berries everv thine, m f,.t m.irt meat. But nothing is permitted to an- t Trustworthy Cruanuiice. Cwloni nroaeh the oven or the pot, the frying rr (at the livery iteblr) "IJe't ivrfoct- an or toe grmme. The first article on the Beal break fast tnenn is mush. That is, they call it mush, but no one would recoirmM it as the time-honored ankle. The raw material ie taken from the original package and deposited in the dish of each break-faster. To this is added mill; to suit. The Beals do not confine them selves to one kind of mush, but devour by turns oats in different forms, corn meal nnd wheet, but nlwava raw a? the article comes from the gtocerr. To this are added fruits, nuts and one veg etable, all in a state of nature. At luncheon uncooked bread takes the place of the uncooked mn?h. Wheel, corn or barley eoarwly ground end mixed with milk is the subjt:tute for bread upon the Bca! ruble. Luncheon is completed much like the breakfast. Di,mer fe Ped by adding two W?t,table8 to mclKOB mnha BRi by varying rhe uncooked "bread." Any vegetable that may be tn season is ji- lowe-rtrhi)r brant, cabbage, turnip-.. carrots. artichokes , . . case may be. Green, corn epten from the cob uncooked is ea:d to be a great luxury, and raw green pens are de scribed as delicious. When fr'sh fruits are out of season the dried frnits ore accepted as a substitute. Canned fruits are never served, because they nre cooked before canning. Amccg the dried fruits prunes find the greatest fa vor with the Beal family. Tea and cof fee are never used, because the Be! regard the brewing thereof as a form of cookery. "We live upon uncooked food simply because we believe that it is the best," said Mrs. Beal. "It is not a religious mania, but .t. is done because we nri satisfied that it It proper from a se'e n tifie point of view. Our dietary habits are the result of our experience while living in the islands, and. now that we are in the heart of civilization, we do not see. any reason to change it." The simplicity that is exhibited in eating is carried through the remainder of the bouse. The furnishing of the place is very s'inp'e, but of the finest that con be purchased. Tbe (loom of the house are nncarpetcd, but are uf hardwood, highly polished, with rug made from tbe pelts of wild nnimah found in the islands. The raiment of Mrs. Beal and her daughters is as sim ple and yet as expensive as the rest of their environment. fan Francisco Ex aminer. FOR THE HOUSEHOLD. Bints of Talne to tbe Cook and Uonss ksepor. VThen loaves of bread are baked in too hot an oven and the outside crust gets too brown do not attempt to cut it off, but aa soon as tbe bread is cold rub it over with a coarse tin grater anil remove all the dark brown crust. Always remember that one of the best appetizers is pleasant conversation. lt is said that if each of the large pep. pere is rolled in paper and put in u dark, cold place it will keep green and may be used for a vegetable uutil raidv inter. When baking a custard pudding pr j pie, as soon as the custard becomes j solid remove the dish from tlicovrn for t too long cooking will make b custard j watery. A delicious sauce is made finni irmi-.i horseradish root mixed with l.-moa ! throueh Cayuga. Wayne, Monroe and t ju.ee, a little nalt, and a suspicion of i counties. This condition ! w hite sugar. Served with cold metua, !l I "b H correct, that the whole re-j toakes them much more inviting and ! g,m' nc5u!ing fichocppel, Clay. Cicero silatable. This sauce will rctnin its j BM' Prions ol Madison county, v.os ! flavor fin some time if kept well coy- at 01e period a vast take, hut that in.n'b cred when not being used. .Made with ! I"6"' .vars a tnilis'dcnce of the waters ; the juice of a lemon, the root dints not ook Pta y the depression, eaua-ng uiscoior so quickly us when mode in the 1 old way with vinegar. i One of the beat and quickest ways of I cleaning tbe isingias w indows in a stove is witb vinegar and water. Dip a soft cloth in the vinegar nnd water, and quickly rub the windows over, going well into the corners. Tiie windows will i remain clean for a long time.!,', y. Sun. I Where Milk Is reams. Fresh milk is an ulmctf unknown luxury in Sonib African towns, and for a large part of the year in the countrj also. "Condensed cow" is the form In PUNGENT PARAGRAPHS. Tihlnestcin "Life is a failure. tiorgvnbouni "If one could only huudred lives!" Ilosiuu Transcript, i "What is your nephew doing , vow?" "For the last rive years he has ' lava choosing a profession." Jugeiid. "V.'hat is it that aila you, Jlrs. iilee?" "Well, my lady, the doctor -..;. it'e just general nobility!" Moon- iitne, Vat "They do say the ear nlxt the ,"e b? the most dangerous." 11. ke "ueporra, then, why don't they hvve ift '.'"Household Words. "You ain't forgot that maximum 1 iole you ytwtidey, is you. Summit ?" "So, grnnd-dtitl. 'A bird in the baa is wnff it-wo on de roost.' "Life. 'Tncle Simon, what is a phenome non?" .. phenomenon is' a man who get so rich that lie won't accept a puss I cn a railroad." Chicago Iteeonl. Stikker "I dreamt Inst night tint you gave me tea pounds." Striker "flood! that makes us square, 1 owed you a tenner, you know." Tit-Bits. The Baby "Gobble, hobble. Gob ble, hobble." T.te Wife -John, I do believe the baby K trying to suv he loves me." The llrute-'Very likely. He luisn't known you long." London figure. , , T " I . , uw-iui W Arit.ii (Nun-ill, udvou sleep with your month openr irinh Patient "Shore. Oi don't know, doc- tor. 'Oi've never seen myaelf when Oi've been nsiaiw, but OI'U have took to night!" Tit-Bits. lieroiiint "1 tc!l you. my boy, it U imfHsisiiilf fnr me to find my wife's pocket!" P;itche!lr "You shouldn't I ' discouraged. Look at me; I haven't I beer, able to find even a wife yet. Yonkers Stritesriau. !.! safe, is he? I don't want a ci.misli r.itual." .New Stable Doy "Ail I know n-out 1m is that he used to be a Th in . Inky car horse.'' Chicago Tri'tUie. The Only Drawback Visitor There is a pauel in my new dip.tr" rom that that would just fit." Kurr-v Artist "Most happy. I'm suit." Vis itor "Only, when the room is paid for, I shall have no money for pictures." Harper's Bazar. Tennyson used to tell the story of a 'Tmcr who, after hearing a red-Mot :.----;on of never-ending fire mid 111? 'tne, consoled his wife quite sbci rrly ith the naive remttrk: "Vevrr mind, .:"-!ly; that must be wror.g: no consti looshun could stand it." Tit-Bite. "It's hard." nmarked the man who was trying to write a letter, "to realize that it is ' "97' and not ' 'OS. " "Thai's so," replied the friend with knotty le;s ami a downy mustuehe; "the bieyile makers don't give us nearly the differ ence In style from yar to year that they used to." TVnsltington Star. A Dead Shot. Algernon (who hts invited himself dmvtt for a day's shoK ing) "Hnilii, Tom. what are those l ekets tied on the dogs' collars for?" rtfeper "Vren, sir. yon see, the squire renicn-boTB your last, day's shoothi', ai'sl thcurrht you hnd better know tae iH'iey of the dosrs beforehand to save j future unpleasantness!" Fun. ' GEOLOGICAL CONJECTURES. fnaciUatloiis Arotuml bjr tbe Discovery of a Untied Tree. The recent discovery of an oak trie, two or three feet in diameter, 51! feet be low the surface, while sinking a u !! with a drill at the confluence of tiie Oneida and Seneca rivers, is an im portant discovery. It indicates that the Oneida river v:m at one time tiie out! t "f on Immense volume of water a: (! jiens to our readers very interest ii i ' eological conjectures. I The theory would seem to lie plausi-! Lie that the Oneida river vrnr, out? li,r-. outlet of the great chaimf hi..-;, c, , j is reminded that Lake Ontsrio is feet lower than Lake Eric. Thw Oe- j is lis feet higher than Lake Otfbwio Oswego. A great depresMCtt bsc tai r i place, unquestionably, ineoi-.u't'e.-.-: ; I mediately connected with Ll: 0n jr'c. ' It has apuoreo'ly subsided wrm! :, :: ' 'Iri-d fwt. v.iiiie the "'&! r'-.er U -eon raised up f.o 'hut le-uty it is vj Sect higher than tiie surface of tiie .vaters of Lake Ontario. Tne water from the great chain nt iakes must have jassed from Lnkf 0:i ario south through the valley where ie Oswego river now runs, a Veverttil ;.f the present course of that riser. At (lie confluence of the Oneida with the j Oswego this great volume of via;-: ande its way eastward through tlr "neida river to the Mohawk and llud-et ! .'. era. The Mohawk valley shows plain-1 V that it was a great water course n' ; one period and the discovery of the ! buried timber at Three liivera proves I conclusively that the water bed of the I Oneida was at one period at least ' feet lower than It now is and v I UK) to 150 feet lower. - ''' ' Tl i. . I , "OTtr ed that the shores of ('"'j .urio were once located us fcr I south Baldwinsville; thence tl:- eourse of the shore has been (raced 1"aB uniano. kiii wos washed Imi r, from the west through the Oswego nod i Oneida rivers and valleys. The oi iit i of alluvium was eastward and, n now proved, covered up trees and filled itt I 'leep channnels. It, is conjectured that !e St. Lawrence river did not exist at ' Uat time". Popular Science News. j i A rrecloas King. j Oueen Victoria's coronation ring is I ever out of her sight, and is worn bv j I tr every evening. Ft is a hand of gold, : ;ntniiiirig a cross in rubies MirroundeJ i ' - white brilliants, ft coronation rir 1 I is supposed to symbolize the v.'etldin of the sovereign with the nation A.- lisnv Journal. V!The New York ly live j Li v -TTv wry viz vi- ' r " :?' iiw ? With the close of the rrecklt'titial eanirmipi THE TRIBUNE recognizes the fact that the American neojilo are now anxious to give their attention to home ana business interests. To meet this condition, plilies will have far less space and prominence, until another State or National occa sion demands a renewal ol the fight for the .principles for which THE TRIBUNE has labored from its inception to the present day, and won its greatest victories. Every possible effort will be p it forth, and money freely ; Rpent. to make THE WEEKLY TRIBUNE pre-eminently KATTDNAT. PAM1I V rJFWSPAPITP inu.f. 1 .AAWA. -A. ATA A AW A . , . . . , j 1118 Tuctive, entertaining and i of the family. We furnish tbe "Express" and "New York Weekly Tribune'' One Year for $1.25, Otiwll iu Advance. Address all orders to Wile your n 'me and address mi a "rihuiie Office, New York City, Weekly Tribune will.tw mailed to J. M. RALSTON, II li O K K I I, Mui ton lllock, .Vlkiiny, Or al) iey to loan on farm security, alse smsll loan matte on tiersona! aeenrity. ! iit, ,ci ty aiei school warrai t Isiught Col ectiiins made tin favoruhle terms. j Fin insurance writien In three of the large: t mniaiiies in the world, at the low t est n les. LE IANON PRODUCE MARKET. Changed Every tVeck.l Wleat TJu. Oa 83 to S'M Ha lotO per tou. Fh ur-tl 15,1.!B per suck t'li ip $1 00 per owt. Bn n 8(ic per ewt. Middlings $1 Oil per ewt Potatoes 35e. Apples Dried, 8c per 11 Plums Dried, 8e, Onions 14c. Bet t Dressed, 4j to 5c. VeLl-ajfce. Polk Dressed, 3j. Lad-9. Hans 12 per lb. Bin ulders be. Bid per lb. G ae til 50 (i, tf, per don. DiKks 13 frf $4 per due ClDckeiis ii mo:i 50. Turkeys clO jw-r lb. Eggs 10c lerdot. B .ttei 15 (i, 20c ft lb. 1 1 ides (jrceii, 3e; dry, "t. Patronize In.tur inilu-try, l.y buyint you i- chilhing (nun the Waterlis, Wisil ;n Mills. It will be' doubly t.. your udvuniiige it will keep lln tuiHirf at h'tme, and will save ymi iuuiiev as the prices are very low. Rip ins Tabulcs. Rip ins Tabules core nausea. Rip ins Tabules: at druggists. Rip ins Tabules cure headache. Rip ma Tabules assist digestion. Rip m Tabules cure biliousness. Hip tns Tabules cure bad breath. Rip inn Tabules: nne gives ree'(. Rip ins Tabules; gentle e'thafti Rip insTalmles cu e Indigestion. Kin ins Tab-' ..sit cure torpid llvpr. 0 . i - : y to Uiousands of .!.: .fts itself In manr ' liln' (joitro, swellinga, , boils, salt rheum and I .iihcr eruptions. Scarcc- v. iiuliy tree from it, in li cliii-rs tenaciously until ' of K'l'ofulous poieon is !' Sursi,pai-illa, the ..aod Purifier, of voluntary testimonials 1 an.! 'i ""urn, oiien ul most tenacious, positive- I I fUfCtlv mill uFllBnAnlLAHUl I.. ' """'"1 Barsaparilla h Jl only iir C. I. nmxl 40o Lomu Kai. ''; "ire t . gt lltin's aisl only Rood's. ('.. Olfl ",Wx h51 sJterKUanef 1(004 1 liiS suit, ai4 iltuum. tst. 1 Lnv. a s f ia ni err i Weekly Tribune J FOR Farmers and villagers, . Fathers and Mothers, .. 7011 - Sons and Daughters, icon All The Family. A , i-J . T W A 11. AW A, 11111 IV ' I I 1 1 . 11. 1 1 uidpciisalile to each member THE "EXPRESS," Lebanon, Or. h(; curd, send ll In (Jen. V and a wimple eopy of be New you. H.si Y A i. tain jruuctuiitntttio Injrtm -w WOfT t01"ULA( Sii.Bty I nerr &tr trxmi iMt Ixmjmimsd i.ffiJi.m ,v , devtln tt. Ttii tw h rum-m j,,, - , til mi ;ba!.i-m! niruiTiiim t(;i--'. I4"- H'"!' fffthui:. iwui:iv j rnwB-fmitniTsmvti tX),1t- WHITE FOR CU Tie Few Boms Se' Osah V, llis.1. iKwruK li,. Uiic.m.i.,. m.im. a lMJ.lttiftCWfL.,(H. futl kJ.l.C -t 80 YEARS' XPKNIENCC TRAOI MSRItt, PbSIOMB OOfVRICHTa 1a. tmitl .urartAliu fIM wti,.tl.r a.. Iiivnauni li lnim.Ur cusiitslui). rmmnuiilmtlow Brwif ViTf.,1 " H'"C! . tTiii. 1'ul.inti lfcn t .uuyb Mann a to. twsilva 80IENTIFIO AMERICAS, Jj'uriirtl. welcj,teTnu,w.u, m loos ox l'sT5ri,'Si,tSiu-" MUNN & CO., . . S1 Unstd,,.,, Kw .Mu Vl)lr. Tft'ii. TASTELESS ,,OT. wlimiSS" , -. i khz. rnivcouctS !..... . (UIATIA.II.UI. .. at. iAiiii.,'jio7 Nov.lO,l(. Ottovi .wsrstH rTr'TrV.r ? tsji Hill lin n i.lmady inu y,.,,r. , r. In u, oruu llinii,,.. ,.,.. twiij';fH i itt It teCUul. lIUlSliVSMirJi Ulliyiir.ttlAaue. S I'."j 'li,lllC. luim 1(111 sr. '-HM.l .CAKS t00 F ir t.ul) I,y N, w. KM ITH Wa;il8d-tn Idea Wio think feOt-i.fr am into fleui yi,c M: ), nUt .6)i Vhltllf.l; (( J H VbfHtllt. . . v i 111 II (It'll 'ifV VSJ l .