Spray courier., October 21, 1915, Image 1

mtfm
TUB COURIER
II dovotud to the bast IntanaU
of SPRAY . and WIIEKLGR
COUNTY. Th.llb.i-.lp.trun.
Mr ot th cltU.n of thla ho
tloo U rwixatruUy ulleltod,
Publbhod orny Thundnjr by
RUSSELL D. PRICE.
Subaartptlon Rat
PwYwr 11.00
Ix Month! M
ThnM Month.. M
VOL. XIII.
sriiAsr. "yvtiiseleu county, ohegon, Thursday, ootobeu 21, 1915. no. 30.
WORLD'S DOINGS
OF CURRENT WEEK
Brief Resume of General News
From All Around the Earth.
UNIVERSAL HAPPENINGS IN A NUTSHH
live News Items of All Nations and
Pacific Northwest Condensed
for Our Busy Readers.
The keel of a new electrically-driven
. battleship baa been laid in New York
The mind of Emperor Frant Joseph,
of Austria, is said to be falling rap-
Idy. -
English people cry loudly for repris
als against the Germans for recent
Zeppelin raids.
Anthrax baa been cured by San
Francisco physicians by the local ap
plication of antiseptics.
Four American submarines of the K
type successfully made the voyage
from San Francisco to Honolulu.
Greece has entered a vigorous pro
test against the occupation of 12
islands in the Mediterranean by Italy
Private advices received in Paris are
to the effect that a Bulgarian division
was almost annihilated in a fierce bat
tie near Kraguyvats, Serbia.
Zeppelin airships raided London on
two successive nights, the first time
killing eight and wounding about 86.
The second raid resulted in the killing
of 65 persons and starting many fires,
It is believed the United Statea will
soon supplant Russia in supplying
crude oil and its products to the Scan
dinavian countries, and steamers are
being chartered in this country for the
trade.
Directors and shareholders of the
Pacific Mail Steamship company have
voted to reduce the capital stock from
$20,000,000 to $1,000,000 on account
of the withdrawal of the company
from the Pacific trade.
Revolution has broken out in Guate
mala and fighting is in progress in the
states of San Marcos, Huehuetenango
and Peten, according to advices re
ceived in New Orleans by the Guate
malan junta of the "revolutionary
committee."
Harry Hooper, the Boston right
fielder whose home run at Philadelphia
won the world series for Boston, lives
in Capitola, near Santa Cruz, Cal.
The citizens of Santa Cruz and Capi
tola are preparing a great reception
for him when he comes home.
Without a dissenting voice, the
Washington State Retail Merchants'
association voted to reorganize and re
incorporate as the Washington Retail
Grocers' and Merchants' association.
President Kinsey urged the need of
the grocers getting into politics.
The Berlin Riechsasnzelger an
nounces the engagement of Prince
Joachim, youngest son of Emperor
William, and Princess Marie Augus
tine, daughter of Prince Edward of
Anhalt. The princess was 17 years
old last June. Prince Joachim is 25.
The trial of the directors and former
directors of the New York, - New
Haven & Hartford railroad, which will
test the ability of the government to
obtain the conviction of the directors
of an alleged monopolistic corporation
under the so-called criminal clause of
the Sherman anti-trust law, was begun
in the Federal court.
Wilson and Secretary of War Dan
iels have agreed on a policy of practi
cally doubling the U. S. navy In five
years. The first year's program con
templates the expenditure of $248,000,
000. The following announcement of the
dismissal of the Bulgarian minister to
Great Britain was Issued in London:
"His Majesty's government announce
that the Bulgarian, minister has been
handed his passports and that diplo
matic relations between Great Britain
and Bulgaria have been broken off."
The hazing system has been abolish
ed at the Annapolis naval academy by
the voluntary action of the midship
men of the three upper classes. Al
though no formal resolution was pass
ed, it was said on authority that there
was practical unanimity of opinion
that the time bad come when hazing
should cease.
Admission that German losses have
been heavy In the past few days on
the western front is made by the cor
respondent of the German Tageblatt,
who declares French attacks were car
ried out "with unprecedented vigor
and courage." He estimates that with
in a brief period the French have fired
more than 3,000,000 shells against the
German lines.
GABRIELE D'ANNUNZIO
: ) IS, ":
V' ' 1 ? ;
The Austrian government hsa
placed a price of $4,000 on the head of
Qtbrlele d'Annurulo, the poet who so
strongly urged Italy to go to war with
Austria and who now Is serving as a
lieutenant In a regiment of Italian
lancers.
'RESIDENT URGES AMERICA FIRST
IN MATTERS Of NATIONAL CONCERN
Washington, D. C A demand on
all Americans, on penalty of ostra
cism, to be more than neutral In re
gard to the European war, to tako
their stand for America first, last and
all the time, was voiced by President
Wilson In a speech In celebration of
the 25th anniversary of the founding
of the Daughters of the American Rev
olution. The United States, the presl-
dent said, was not merely trying to
keep out of trouble, but was trying to
preserve the foundations upon which
peace could be rebuilt
Peace can be rebuilt," he added,
"only upon the ancient and accepted
principles of International law; only
upon these things which remind na
tions of their duties to each other, and
deeper than that, of their duties to
mankind and humanity. America has
a great cause which Is not confined to
the American continent It is the
cause of humanity itself."
Declaring his faith in the loyalty of
the great body of naturalized citizens
of foreign birth, the president said he
believed tho Impression was too gen
eral that a large number of these citi
zens were without a sufficient affec
tion for the American ideal.
"But I am In a hurry to have a line
up," he explained, "and let the men
whoare thinking first of other coun
tries stand on one sldo and those who
are for America first, last and all the
time, on the other side."
Every political action and every so
cial action in America at this time,
said Mr. Wilson, should have for its
object to challenge the spirit of
Americanism.
Bulgarian Army Attacks Serbians.
London. A dispatch to the Times
from Athens says that the Bulgarians
began an attack on Serbfa at Baribo-
ghaa near Kniashevatz on Monday.
Paris. Although Belgrade had been
evacuated, the Matin's correspondent
at Nlsh said, in a dispatch filed Sun
day, the fighting continued stubbornly
on the hills surrounding the city,
some of which had been taken and re
taken several times.
Artillery on both sides," the dis
patch says, "has been firing without
respite for three days. The Serbs
gained the advantage when they cap
tured excellent positions near Topol-
der and drove the Germans back on a
suburb of Belgrade called Great Vrat
char, where a fierce struggle Is going
on.
"The invaders threw more than 50,-
000 shells on Belgrade, sparing neither
hospitals nor churches. Synagogues
were destroyed and Jewish families
who had taken refuge there were bur
ied in the ruins. French artillery took
part in the defense of the city. The
British, with heavy guns, inflicted
great losses on the Germans and sunk
two monitors in the Danube.
"Near Ram, on the Danube, the
Serbians were driven back with the
loss of four howitzers and several ma
chine guns."
Roumanla to Aid Allies.
Paris. Premier Bratiano, of Rou
manla, has given the Italian govern
ment to understand that Roumanian
operations on the side ot the entente
may be considered certain, says a spe
cial dispatch from Rome. The Rou
manian government, however, will
choose its own time for taking the
field against the Austro-Germans.
21,000 More British Fall.
London. British casualties report
ed since October 1 amount to more
than 21,000. The week-end casualty
list published Saturday gives 200 offi
cers and 4300 men. This brings up
the total casualties published in the
London papers since the first of the
month to 981 officers and 20,351 men.
i
OREGON STATE NEWS
Government Studies Sentiment ,
In Railroad Land Grant Case
Eugene. The United States govern
ment is making an investigation of
sentiment In Oregon" as to what should
be dono with the Oregon ft California
railroad grant lands. Attornoy S. W.
Williams, of the department of Justice,
arrived in Eugone to pass several days
In Lane county. He will also visit all
counties In which the land Is located,
Upon his return to Washington Mr.
Williams will make bis report to the
attorney-general, who will in all prob
ability report to congress, lie was ao
companled to Eugone by Leonard Un
derwood, special agent of the depart
ment of the Interior.
Mr. Williams met a number of Eu
gone bankers and business men at tht
commercial club. He stated briefly
that his mission was to ascertain what
the lands are best suited for and the
views ot tho people In the section of
the state most vitally interested as to
what should be done with the lands.
Mr. Williams stated that If no ac
tion was taken by congress the rail
road would be permitted to carry out
the terms of the orlKUial grant Those
present at the meeting were not in
clined to the view that congress should
not take action.
Mr. Williams, for the purpose of
suggestion, said that the removal of
all restrictions upon the railroad, with
a condition that the lands must be
sold within a certain time, would re
sult in the early sale of lands and
make them available In the develop
ment of the state. The suggestion did
not meet approval.
Fight Timber Tax Reductions.
Oregon City. The county will not
submit tamely to big reductions in
the assessments of the Weyerhaeuser,
Collins estate and other big timber
holdings and every case will be fought
through the courts, declared District
Attorney Hedges. ,
The Weyerhaeuser case, which was
appealed from the board of equaliza
tion and lost and lost in the circuit
court Saturday, will be appealed to
the supreme court, said Mr. Hedges,!
who believes that the county can
prove its case before the higher tri
bunal. The court refused to reduce
Assessor Jack's value ot the timber,
but cut the estimates 144,460.000 feet
In five sections in question. The sec
tions were not changed by the court
Between 11100 and 11200 Is Involved
In the annual tax payments by the re
ductions ordered In the circuit court
The case Is considered Important In-
as-much as it opens the way for other
big timber interests to fight for lower
assessments. The county's figures
are all based on the M. O. Nease
cruise.
Governor Paroles Ten.
Salem. Ten parolos were issued
Tuesday by Governor Wlthycombe
upon recommendation of the parole
board.
Those recoivlng them are: B. O. Ma-
goon, committed from uoiumma coun
ty for forgery; Fred Barnhart, com
mitted from Jackson county for lar
ceny: J. B. Qirton. committed from
Umatilla county for forgery; Billy Le
Lawrence, committed from Jackson
county for larceny; Fay R. Smith,
committed from Coos county for lar
ceny; William Smith, committed from
Malheur county for larceny; Frank
Johnson, committed from Umatilla
county for larceny; Samuel Dlshaw,
committed from Malheur county for
larceny: Peter Kelly, committed from
Umatilla county for larceny; Herbert
S. Sullivan, committed from Clatsop
county for assault
Hatchery Improvement Advised.
Roseburg. As a result of a visit to
the North Umpqua fish hatchery by
Attorney-General George M. Brown,
that official will probably recommend
to the state fish commission the instal
lation of a pumping plant there as an
auxiliary to the present water supply.
The running water for use In the
hatchery is procured from a small
creek, but in dry seasons is insuffi
cient.
At present there are approximately
3,000,000 salmon eggs In the hatchery,
according to Mr. Brown. On account
of a scarcity of water, not more than
1.000,000 more eggs will be taken to
this hatchery during the present year.
The attorney-general says he will
probably make his recommendation
to the state fish commission as soon,
as he returns to Salem.
Pupils to Build Addition.
Klamath Falls. R. H. Dunbar, prin
cipal of the city schools, announces
that the school board has just granted
permission for the erection of a manu
al training building on the central
school property. The new building will
be 20x40 feet and will be constructed
entirely by the advance students of
the seventh and eighth grades in man
ual training who will work under tho
direction of Professor Luther A. King.
I,
8tate Fair Shows Profit
Salem. The Oregon state fair took
in $8000 above all expenses -this year,
according to W. A Jones, secretary
of the board. Of this sum $1000 was
paid out for expenses incurred last
year, leaving a net balance of $7000.
$400,000,000 FOR
ARMY AND NAVY
President to Ask Congress for
Immediate Action.
GAIN MUCH TIME IN CONSTRUCTION
Would Increase Army to 120,000
400,000 Reserve and Increased
Navy Included in Plans.
Washington, D. C Four hundred
million dollars for national dofonse,
so increase t approximately $140,000,-
000 over last year, constitutes the
amount .which President Wilson and
his advisors say should be appropriat
ed by the next congress for the army
and navy.
As the time for the completion of
annual estimates draws near, the Pres
ident Is giving preliminary considera
tion to the national defense budget.
out Of which it Is hoped to lay down
a stronger naval program than the
United States has ever authorized,
and similarly a larger provision for
the military establishment than has
been customary in time of peace.
The president has had before blm
for several weeks the outlines of a mil
itary policy of a continuing character
FRANK L. POlk
Frank L. Polk, corporation counsel
of New York City, has been appointed
counselor of the state department
He Is a graduate of Yale and of Co
lumbia law school and a veteran of
the Spanish-American war.
framed by Secretary Garrison after
more than a year's study with officers
of the general staff. With It the pres
ldent is in hearty accord, regarding it
as a conservative, well-balanced pro
gram.
While the details have not been re
vealed a substantial increase in the
regular army, probably from 80,000 to
at least 120,000 men, and the creation
of a reserve of perhaps 400,000 men
through short-term enlistment service
of citizens in military training, are
said to be parts of the plan.
Watch .Is Bullet 8top.
Roseburg, Or. Jamie W. Pickett, of
Olendale, while deer hunting In the
forest was struck over the heart by a
bullet, bis life being saved by his
watch, which was smashed. A hunt
ing license carried in the pocket was
torn to shreds. Mr. Pickett had been
In the timber only a short time when
the incident occurred. He believes he
was either mistaken for a deer and
fired at, or was struck by a bullet fired
from a distance. He saw no one.
Embargo on Powder Enforced.
El Paso. Customs officials refused
to permit a shipment of powder to
cross the border Thursday. This was
the first indication that an embargo
on the exportation of arms and ammu
nition is in effect. It Is understood
the shipment was stopped by order of
General J. J. Pershing, commanding
at Fort Bliss, co-operating with the
customs authorities.
More British Gold Arrives.
Bangor, Me. Another shipment of
British gold from London to New
York, by way of Halifax, passed
through here In a special armed bag
gage car attached to a regular train.
The value of the shipment was esti
mated at from $6,000,000 to $10,000,000.
''Pf
HESSIAN FLY MENACE GROWS.
Fall Brood Infests Early Sown Wheat
for Spring Depredations.
Hessian flies are shown by investi
gations recently conducted by the Ore
gon Agricultural College Entomolog
leal department to be occurring in con
siderable numbers in various parts of
tho Willamette valley. The adults
hatching from the pupae found in the
wheat stubble of last season's crop de
posit tholr eggs for the winter brood
of maggots in the blades of fall sown
wheat. Fall whoat in or near by fields
that were infested this season becomes
a breeding place for the brood that
will attack with more or less damage
next season's crop.
The Hesslaan fly has been occurring
in the Willamette valley to a greater
or less extent for a number of years,
but infestation seems to be much more
general this year than for many sea
sons past. Professor Lovett, assistant
entomologist of the college, ssys that
considerable Injury has been done to
both wheat and barley this year by the
Hessian fly (Myetlola destructor). This
injury is shown in the maturing grain,
infested stslks, and discoloration of
the plant The grain is frequently en
tirely missing in the upper meshes of
the head and has a distinctively shriv
eled appearance in the lower part. The
infested stalks are usually coarse with
color more or less bleached out, while
the head is short and hanging down
from the weakened stem. Injury Is
present to a leBB degree in the young
wheat at B tooling time, and as it be
gins to form stalks. The injured plant
shows excessive stooling with coarse
leaves that soon turn yellow and die.
The pest appears in two broods, one
in the fall and the other in the spring.
The fall brood, as has been stated,
emerges from pupae that developed
from the larvae which attacked the
crop last spring. The larval etage Is
of course the stage in which the dam
age is done. The larvae were them
selves developed from the eggs laid by
the spring brood of adult flies. Trac
ing the cycle back further it is found
that the spring brood was developed
from pupae formed in the winter, de
veloped from larvae hatched from eggs
deposited by the fall brood in the early
stalks of fall wheat and barley.
It Is seen by tracing this cycle of
development that the most vulnerable
place for attacking this pest is in the
fall. By removing the sheathes from
the joint adjacent to the. head of the
infested stalk and at other places
along the stalk, as they occur in the
field now, the pupae may be found as
small, shiny brown flattened objects
pressed close against the stalk. They
are mostly lying in groups of two to
eight or ten about the stalk just above
the joint and extending .up near the
top of the sheath. This stage of de
velopment is often referred to as the
"flaxseed" stage of the Hessian fly.
Being thus in the dormant stage and
incapable of movement until develop
ment into the flying stage occurs, the
insect may be attacked by burning the
stubble. If this is not deemed advis
able, then resort may be had to cul
tural methods, disking the surface to
mash down the stalks and incorporate
them into the top soil, and then plow
ing under to a good depth and later
compacting the soil.
If burning is to be resorted to it is
best in harvesting the crop to leave a
rather long stubble, then mow the
stubble and give it time to dry before
burning. This process will destroy not
merely the pupa of the Hessian fly,
but will kill many other insect and
weed pests when present. 1
Destroy what volunteer wheat may
be found either in the field -or about
the strawstacks. This volunteer wheat
affords an Ideal breeding place and it
Is often here, says Professor Lovett,
that the pest obtains a foothold which
enables it to Increase in numbers suffi
ciently to seriously injure the crop.
Every reasonable effort should be made
to keep the volunteer wheat down, fre
quent disking being of value. Or this
volunteer crop msy be allowed to stand
during the fall as a trap crop on which
the females deposit their eggs and then
plowed under early in the winter. The
time of sowing the wheat and barley Is
one of the most important factors in
controlling the Hessian fly. The per
iod in the fall during which the ma
jority of flies emerge is relatively
brief and If no wheat or barley, either
sown or volunteer, is present upon
which they may lay their eggs, the
main brood is not able to lay eggs to
provide a brood for the spring infesta
tion. Professor Lovett is endeavoring to
determine the period of emergence in
the Willamette valley, but has not yet
secured sufficient data for making a
definite announcement. It seems rea
sonable, however, that propagation of
the fall and winter generation must
depend very largely upon volunteer or
early sown fall wheat or barley.
Other aids to escape the evils of the
Hessian fly are thorough preparation
of the soil and the use of good seed.
Since the greatest damage results from
checking the growth of the young
plant, these measures tend to strength
en the young plants and thus avoid the
chief cause of barm. Crop rotation is
likewise said to be of great value.
Government Crop Report
Washington, D. C. Estimates of
crop production and prices for the
state of Oregon and for the United
States, compiled by the bureau of crop
estimates, and transmitted through the
weather bureau, U. S. Department of
Agriculture, are as follows :
Wheat State: Estimate this year,
17,400,000 bushels; final estimate last
year, 16,604,000; price October 1 to
producers, 76c; year ago, 9Sc. United
States: Estimate this year, 1,000,
000,000 bushels; final estimate last
year, 891,000,000; October 1 price,
90.9c; year ago, 93.5c.
Oats State : Production estimate
October 1, 15,600,000 bushels; Septem
ber 1 forecast, 14,159,000; final esti
mate last year, 12,740,000; price Oc
tober 1 to producers, 35c; year ago,
42c. United States: Production esti
mate October 1, 1,520,000,000 bushels;
September 1 forecast, 1,408,000,000;
final estimate last year, 1,141,000,000;
October 1 price, 34.5c; year ago,
43.3c
Barley State : Production esti
mate October 1, 4,790,000 bushels;
September 1 forecast, 4,309,000; final
estimate last year, 3,660,000; price
October 1 to producers, 60c; year ago,
67c. United States : Production esti
mate October 1, 237,000,000 bushels;
September 1 forecast, 222,936,000;
final estimate last year, 194,953,000;
October 1 price, 46.8c; year ago, 61.8c.
Potatoes State : October 1 fore
cast, 6,100,000 bushels; September 1
forecast, 6,688,000; final estimate last
year, 4,763,000; price October 1 to
producers, 46c; year ago, 64c. United
States: October 1 forecast 868,000,
000 bushels; September 1 forecast,
406,909,000; final estimate last year,
405,921,000; October 1 price, 48c;
year ago, 64.7c
Apples State: October 1 forecast,
1,060,000 barrels; September 1 fore
cast, 1,134,000; final estimate last
year, 1,200,000; price September 15 to
producers, $2.65; year ago, $2.28.
United States: October 1 forecast.
71,600,000 barrels; September 1 fore
cast, 71,199,000; final estimate last
year, 84,400,000; price September 16
to producers, $1.74; year ago, $1.85.