Tli© American Farm
DAIRY
7ig
POULTRY
STOCK. RAISING
age
FARMING
:lV, U" u ‘ ll- 1! —
FARM*
mOLTRY
Insects Cut Profits
of Vegetable Patch
Gardeners Pay Big Toll to
These Enemies.
A tax of four or five million dol
lars is collected annually In Illinois
by Insects that damage vegetable
crops, according to a circular which
the college of agriculture. University
May Check Spread of Coc- I °f Illinois, has Issued as a means of
helping gardeners and truck growers
cidiosis in Flock.
save these losses.
Truck growers and gardeners are
Chronic coccldlosls in adult fowls j paying more attention to losses
„Mot he distinguished by external | enused by Insects thun they did a
svniptonis from other wasting diseases, few years ago and they will have to
ud only by the use of the microscope tight these pests even harder in the
after death, says a writer in the Itural future if the growing of vegetables
Sew-Worker. Unlike the acute form Is to be profitable, according to the
¡ururring In chickens, the ceca do not circular. No vegetable crop is with
display the evidences of the Infection, out Its pests. Damage ranges from
which are to be found in the intestinal 10 per cent or less on some crops
contents or In scrapings from the In to 50 per cent or more on others. Oc
teetinal walls,
casionally an entire crop is lost.
Either in chronic coccldlosls or oth
Both spraying and dusting systems
er diseases showing the loss of nppe and cultural methods that have been
tite, dirty plumage, gradual loss ol found most effective in combating the
flesh, paleness of comb and wattle9 more common insect pests of truck
and perhaps paralysis of the legs and garden crops are described in the
found in such disorders, all ultected circular. Important points in the life
blrdi should be removed from the flock history, together with a brief descrip
and watch kept for new coses. The tion of each insect, are given In order
quarters used should be placed in good ] that the grower may apply control
sanitary condition and the old ruins j measures more Intelligently. Each In-
discarded.
| sect Is considered In the order of its
The parasites causing coccldlosls
Importance under the crop upon
and other Infections of like incurnhll
which It is usually most abundant
Ity Infest ground that has been used and destructive.
for i considerable length of time by
poultry flocks, and healthy birds must
he kept from such ground If avoidance Oats as Starting Feed
of Infection Is to he expected. Chron
Said to Prevent Bloat
ic coccldlosls spreads slowly in an
Oats as u starting feed for beef cat
adult flock and removal of sick birds tle prevents bloat, according to infor
with sanitary precautions to prevent mation obtained by Louis Ylnke, Mon
Infection of the healthy members tana State college. Trials were con
should be observed.
ducted with several fattening grains
nnd alfalfa. The greatest number of
bloat cases occurred In the group fed
No Raiser Can Report
barley and alfalfa. In most cases the
Profit From Dead Hens critical period occurred when the cat
Dead bens make the largest Item of tle were receiving from five to seven
flock depreciation, and this depreel- pounds of grain a day. Few cases oc
stion Is the third largest Item, next curred after this period had passed.
to feed and labor, or about one-flfth, Oats as a starting feed proved 100 per
of the total expense of the laying cent effective In preventing bloat at
flock, says Prof. E. G. Misner of the Havre and Bozeman during two years.
Xew York State College of Agricul Similar experiments at the Colorado
ture, r';er g study of ninety-two New experiment station confirmed these
York state flocks In 1930.
tests.
The plan which seems most effec
The percentage of mortality varied
from 3 to 73 per cent of the average tive among several tried is to start
cumber of laying birds. The mortal the steers on two pounds of oats a
ity averaged 23 per cent, with no dif head a day. As the appetite develops
ference between large or small flocks, the amount of oata Is increased until
"'hen hens are valued at $1 each at the critical period Is past. Then the
the beginning of the laying season and fattening grains are gradually substi
•re worth 75 cents at the end of the tuted for oats. This chunge requires
fear, a mortality of 10 per cent makes about two weeks.—Cupper's 1 armer
the depreciation 34 cents to the hen.
If the mortality were 40 per cent, the
Taking Care of Wool
depreciation to the bird would be 09
Wool growers are again urged to
centa Professor Misner warns poul- exercise tars ln preparing the clip
trymen to give close attention to dis for sale. Ons of the first steps Is to
ease and parasite control.
keep the fleece as clean as possible
before It Is taken from the sheep;
keep the animals away from straw
Lse Judgment in M ating
It !• poor policy to mate up any stacks and out of burry weed patches
- ws, least of all male birds, that as much as possible.
Shear only when the wool Is dry
are previously shown any signs of
jaease 0r weakness. It is unwise to and in a clean place. Clip off the
.*!* “P un<Iersized females to over- tags and stained wool and keep out
dirt and chaff. Roll the fleece with
,7_ coars* males, or vice versa,
he mating seldom ••nicks," and It the flesh side out, taking care to keep
a mest Impossible to secure medium It ln one piece. Tie each fleece sepa
"flrmal healthy progeny. Born rately with paper twine. Never use
Pack the
• try breeders know by Intuition Just binder twine or string.
dead,
gray,
seedy,
burry
wool
and
many ma,es a certain flock of fe
tags
separately.—Exchange.
.** *l!l need to get best results.
" ' ?enir»l rule, in flock matings,
Sudan Emergency Crop
ml or* t,lan eight or ten lightweight
Sudan grass Is a good pasture and
,r* required to 100 females
•re .» **Tywe|kl>t varieties, ten males bay crop for emergencies. Since It Is
tie lUho* ri<!ht’ proTl<llnK there Is lit- a hot weather crop, It should not he
H
n* among males. Otherwise planted until after ths corn Is In.
l„n t**t ,0 m»ke smaller flock mat- Sudan can be drilled in rows or
broadcast and will provide an abun
dance of feed. Some farmers cut two
crops of hay from Sudan by taking
Birds Carry Diseases
off the flrst crop as soon as the first
a' th‘‘ English sparrow s . heads appear.
m ,, ,h * l*nrp<l ont of poultry houses.
The Sudan Is more resistant to in
t r , J . I<laho Farmer. These pests | sect damage than some other crops.
My, i r
wlde aml T,si* every- Caution must he taken not to turn
•hil if
T'y yard ln a community. live stock onto It too early or the
t ? l ^ : ,bl*- -arry q u e a .e s from yield will be seriously reduced. Sit
B“a I« rU.nV
°f
rM1ultry dan seed should he used at the rate
fm
•v ar',a of another. Care of 20 to 30 pounds per acre.— Ural rl*
k-*i)
1,1,0 mak* 11 * P°lnt t0 Farmer.
n J ^"la'acaous human visitors sway
t!l»y ton
houses and runs, as
Agricultural Notes
Carry tr°uldes from
Clean
up the farm woodlot during
•lalton i - ,
,0 *nother. When
Poultry n r ,
ln ,he well-kept spare hoars. • • •
M J " 7 th**-T ahonld be provided a
The best silage la made fmm e o n
®*l*f«rt«.i T °r "a'V'Ioat, thoroughly
*t!>r;nt
nt0 whlrh to step before that Is glazed before the corn Is cut
• • •
'b* premises.
For best success with orchards and
•mall fruits, protection must jw pro
S S Cut Down on Feed
vided. A good shelter belt of t
V*k, . " , time t" cut down on the Is an asset to any farm.
» In* . “v‘‘n * hough egg prices
• • •
11 an the m ' t- low egg prices make
r« e bacterial cultures sold for In-
f*fl B u r r ^ ? n~ '’ %,ar$ «hat birds be I oculstlng legumes while they sre *td
height o f'T.h*,nd ,h "* **• kept at fresh urge, t h e New York e x p e r i m e n t
Th* Isiir,» « ^ r *hi***Y to produce. j station.
#
It f l |fl,T k
h a v e * "ia*h
Illinois
has
M
herds
of rsttle ac
mono-.
,lme during the sum
***»
In
It should he credited as being free from Bang U
*•»«*
The on,y feeding ease More than 750 herds are •
®*apv th. -i?
,h*
<1"wn and enrolled In a cleanup
f**1i*g of
m n a ,|on o f th e m orning , h * supervls.nn o f tb s • J
•eea'ch m in .-E x e h sn g e .
REMOVE BIRD W HEN
OUT OF CONDITION
Fertilizers Show
Variation of Dutch Colonial Type
Nitrogen Content
Brings Most Interesting Results
FEWER AND BETTER
ANIMALS IN HERD
Change in Labeling Regula
tions Affects North
eastern States.
v .
j~ T T ,
( P r s v u r d by tb s U nited S t n t » D s p a rtm s a t
of A artcu ltu rs. I— WNU Service.
An Important change ln regulations
Illinois Specialist’s Advice
for labeling fertilizers which will af
to Dairymen.
fect farmers of twelve northeastern j
Approximately $20,000,000 could he
ndded to the annual income of Illinois
farmers keeping dairy eattle, and no
more milk would be put on the market.
If the 1,099.000 cows In the state 'JBTi*
replaced by 654,239 cows as gooeffiis
the average cow In the dairy herd Im
provement associations, according to
I’rof. C. S. Rhode, dairy extension spe
cialist of the college of agriculture.
University of Illinois.
Fifty-five of these associations or
ganized In 73 counties by the college
extension service are helping herd
owners increase their net returns. The
associations supply dairymen at low
cost with production nnd feed records
and give them help on feeding and
management problems.
A cow has to give about 250 pounds
of butterfat a year before she returns
enough to pay for her feed, and an
equal amount to cover other expenses,
according to records which Professor
Rhode has tabulated on 12,094 of the
association cows. As it Is, the aver
age cow In the state produces nbout
ISO pounds.
“This Is evidence enough that un
der present low prices higher effi
ciency In production and Improved
feeding practices are essential for sat
isfactory returns.
“Cows with a production of ap
proximately 400 pounds of fat re
turned $149 above cost of feed. A
50-pound Increase ln production was
good for an additional Income of $20
above cost of feed.”
New Production Record
Set by Holstein Herd
The purebred Holstein herd owned
by the Cherokee State hospital at
Cherokee. Iowa, has set a new national
production record for a herd of 50 or
more cows. According to the Hoi
steln-Frleslun Association of America,
this herd completed its year In the
herd Improvement registry test with
an average of 15,721 pounds of milk
containing 556 pounds of fat. There
were 50 cows In the herd and 13 were
class A cows, milked four times a day
rind 37 class B cows, milked three
times a day. In the United States
there have bi-en 417 herds tested lo
cated In 41 states and the Cherokee
herd exceeds the national average of
all tested herds by 188 pounds of fat
and also exceeds the average of all
herds milked three or four times a day
by 157 pounds of fat.
Milking Thrice Daily
At the Canadian national exhibition
our representative had a chat with
George lnnes, the member of the fa
mous firm of J. W. Innes and Sons,
who manages the big farm where the
prize winning Jersey herd Is kept. He
mentioned the manner in which the
men were rotated to take care of the
three-times a day milking. “Do yon
milk three times a day to get higher
records or to Increase the commercial
production?" he was asked. -Ttincl
pally to make a better showing In It
O P., I guess," was the answer. “ Aside
from records altogether, do you think
it would pay to milk three times
dally?” “Yes. I believe It would,” re
plied George after a little thought.
The same answer has often come from
other men of experience.—Montreal
Family Herald.
Cream Farming
It would be a good thing for dairy
farming If more of the folks engaged
in It were selling cream Instead of
whole milk. For several reasons: The
dairyman selling cream keeps on the
farm a considerable amount of fer
tlllty (In the sklmmilk). The cream
dairyman has lower hauling and ship
ping charges, has fewer board of
health troubles, can arrange his chores
better advantage, and st present
enjoys a little better Income for his
product. Surplus milk st present
prices Is not very profitable.—Farm
journal.
Pavs to Test Cows
The only
»" »*" how mv,rh, *
row is worth is to test her with scales
and the Babcock test, states Cow Test
er M artin Sw edhred of th e Woodford
C ounty HII.) Dairy Herd Im provem ent
association- He pointed out that two
of the c o w . in hi, ss.«- 1 «»lon freshed
within three -lays of each other. At
the end of nine month. mGklng ooe of
rhe cow s had returned • profit over
posts of $61.26 more than the oth
nr although the profitable cow did not
look the part and would have been the
selected for snle had the tc« not
•«•n used—Prairie Farmer.
u ii
V
? "J
*
states is the transfer from ammonia |
- V i '*
"I
content to nitrogen as the basis for
labeling. This chunge became effec
tive January 1 In the New England
states and in New York, New Jersey,
Pennsylvania, Delaware. Maryland,
ft
j& n
West Virginia, says Dr. Oswald
Schreiner, chief of the division of soil
m "
fertility, bureau of chemistry nnd soils,
United State Department of Agricul- :
ture.
Six good large rooms ami a large sun parlor are shown on the floor plan
Doctor Schreiner believes the of this frame home. The center entrance leading Into the hall anil a living
change is desirable from most points room that extends across the side and a good-sized sun parlor aro features.
of view. He points out that nitrogen The house is 24 feet wide and 30 feet long.
In the ammonia form is present ln
rooms and a large sun parlor. How
By W. A. RADFORD
only a few of the fertilizer materials
these rooms are arranged and tlieil
W illiam A R adford w ill n n sw er
whleh are commonly used, although i m Mr.
- s t l o n s a n d g i v e a d v i c e F I I K K OK
nitrogen Is present In several different COST o n a l l s u b j e c t » p e r t a i n i n g to sizes are shown on the floor plans.
forms ln such fertilizer materials as p r a c t i c a l h o m e b u i l d i n g , f o r t h e r e a d - But It is the exterior of the home
which will have Its greatest appeal
a c c o u n t o f h is
sulphate of ammonia, nitrate of soda, • w r i e d e o f e x t p h e i r s i e p n a c p e e r a . s On
e d i t o r , a u t h o r an d
calcium eyanamld, calcium nitrate, m a n u f a c t u r e r , h e Is, w i t h o u t d o u b t , th e to those who want the unusual In the
potassium nitrate, ammonium phos h i g h e s t a u t h o r i t y o n a l l t h e s e s u b - design of their home hilt who have
phate, tankage, fish meal, cottonseed l e c t s . A d d r e s s a ll I n q u i r i e s t o W i l l i a m not a large sum of money to Invest to
achieve (Ids result. The entrancedoot
407. S o u t h D e a r b o r n
meal, and other animal and plant by i X t r e R e t a , d f C o r h d i c . a g No.
o , 111., a n d o n l y I n c lo s e
design, already discussed, the suu
products. It Is thus desirable that the t w o - c e n t s t a m p f o r r e p l y .
name of the element nitrogen, and
Variations of the different types of
not the equivalent In one of the par
/oa laß K : r -
ticular forms ln which It occurs, tome building designs are always In-
should appear on fertilizer labels. The eresting for they demonstrate that
I 9 < y a
» _
fart that 1 per cent of nitrogen Is the ndlvlduallty of treatment brings most
nappy
results.
This
Is
shown
In
the
equivalent of 1.22 per cent of am
monia has also led to some confusion tome reproduced herewith. This Is a
B et K m .
because of the Indiscriminate use of variation of the Dutch colonial type
Ifouaw' to m « |'m .
>f
architecture.
But
by
the
design
of
the two terms as applied to fertilizer
lOb'Airfc'
the roof over the porch nnd extending
content, says Doctor Schreiner.
it
up
to
the
eaves,
the
architect
lias
The new regulations require tlint
the percentages of plant food he taken away the plain effect of the
stated In whole numbers and not ln Dutch colonial and substituted a grace
fractions for all mixed fertilizers. ful break in the otherwise straight
There will be printed on the bag a
poreh and the balcony above, the sug
simplified statement of the guarantee
300'
gestion of u Imicouy outside the bed
showing only the net weight and
room to the left on the second floor,
brand name. Including the analysis,
and the lattice side Into the porch,
guaranteed percentage of nitrogen, of
all are unique features.
available phosphoric acid, and of
The Interior arrangement Is along
potash, and the name and address of
colonial lines In that there Is a cen
the manufacturer.
tral hull with the living room to the
right extending the depth of the house
Measures of Determining
and the dining room, sun porch and
kitchen with breakfast nook adjoining
Value of Com Silage
the lutter room, on the other aide.
TORCH
An Iowa reader writes as follows;
The stairway running out of the hall
“Whut Is a fair price per ton for
leads to the central hall on the second
corn silage, when timothy Is selling
floor off of w hich open three bedrooms
for $10 to $15 and alfalfa for $22 per
First Floor Plan.
and a bathroom.
ton?”
The dimensions of this house are 24
lines.
This
arrangement
has
made
There are several methods for ar
feet Ity 30 feet, exclusive of the sun
possible
a
closet
off
the
entrance
on
riving at a satisfactory price. A ton
porch projection. It Is of frume con
of average corn belt silage usually the first floor nnd one of the sunie size struction set on a concrete foundation
on
the
floor
ubove.
is worth six bushels of coru and 300
This home contains six good large and Ims a full basement.
pounds of loose hay. However, It Is
often figured that silage from a nor
mal corn crop Is worth one-third the
ment may he whitewashed or painted
price of good quality legume hay per Find Unlim ited Use for
a light color nnd wm II lights with glass
ton, even though this places a slight
Basement Wasted Spaces reflectors ndd much charm and cheer.
|y higher value on the silage than
When a person thinks of all the Hickory furniture that does duty out
Its actual amount of food nutrients space that has been left over to no side In summer may t a k e a new lease
would Indicate.
punaise In the cellar he marvels that on life.
This latter measurement Is used j
It may do winter service.
It is not put to use.
for silage to be fed to cows In milk.
The basement Is usually the warm
Where the corn was rather low yield j est spot In the house anil Is an Ideal
lng, some allowance will have to be location for a playroom for children Healthful Fad Saves
made In the charge, although It must or a recreation-room for adults. Clev
Makers of Home Doors
be remembered that stalks usually
Door manufacturing, an Industry
er householders are found taking to
have a higher feeding value when the
the cellars, even when there Is no seemingly threatened by an architec
ears are not fully developed.—Wal danger of cyclones or thunderstorms. tural fad, has been saved by a health
lace's Farmer.
Architects who are designing new fad, according to II. Y. Stillwell, ex
houses are reckoning with the room ecutive secretary of the National Door
built below stairs, and those who are Manufacturing association.
Oats and Peas
“When they started building these
The following varieties of Canada making over old houses are devising
field peas are good to sow with oats: means whereby they may evolve at new fnngled homes nnd npnrtments
Chang, Cloveriand. Golden Vine and least one attractive basement room without any Interior doors we thought
the door industry was going to be
Alberta White. The common rate of besides the laundry.
It Is quite possible to decorate the seriously harmed,” Stillwell snld.
seeding Is two bushels of oats and
one bushel of peas to the acre. Any necessary beams and supports, and It “Spanish arches, oriental arches,
French arches, the architects went
soil that will grow good oats will Is also within a possibility to have
give good results. On land lacking ^ small windows fixed attractively, and arch crazy.”
Mr. Stillwell admitted that he liked
In fertility or on sandy soil, th« | then there may be any number of elec
arches personally, but Jocrled them
amount of peas Is sometimes reduced trie light plugs. Often the chimney as a menace to the door Industry.
to half a bushel and a peck of vetch is such as to make a fireplace an ac
•'But we have been saved,” he con
seed substituted for the peas. Some complished fact, and that la n great tinued. “Just as thla arch fad was
times the vetch is added without re asset, especially a room fixed down beginning to be felt throughout the
during the amount of peas; sometimes stairs for billiards.
I'he house entrance may be the one Industry, the sunshine for health fnd
winter vetch Is used, sometimes halt
saved ns. Almost overnight home
winter vetch and half spring vetch that many basements have, hut It may owners demanded more sunshine. Sun
t>e
beautified
by
haring
an
Iron
hand
Unless ths field has successfully
shine demands windows, sun parlors
grown peas or vetch It Is s good Idea rail. and It Is also a g o o d plan to and wulls of glass.
to Inoculate the seed before plant cover each step with a protector to
“Fortunately the door manufactur
ing. The same Inoculation can hs avoid accidents by Icy weather. The ers also make windows. Houses may
floor
covering
may
be
Just
plain
used for both peas and vetch.—Amer j
(what Is called granite) linoleum, or he built without Interior doors, hut
lean Agriculturist.
It may he of tile laid In mortar, or as long ns the detnnnd for windows,
the cement floor Itself may do with a solarium» nnd French doors has been
Salt on Asparagus
f»w furnishings. Carpets of many In- Increased the manufacturers of doors
et|icnsive
varieties may he used. The —end windows—are rontent."
Asparagus will stand salt applies
Rons heavy enough to kill many ex|>ert contractor knows many tricks
weeds. Enough to make the ground that can he used In finishing the floor.
Wash First
If the floor la wood and expense
whits as with s heavy frost would
Planning on some repaint Jobs
be ne<>ded to have much permanent la an Item, use the floor as It Is. If around your house thla spring? Don't
effect on weeds. Ths better plan Is you have any old carpets or ancient forget that the price estimate should
to h*ve ths plants far enough apart dollies that are loo badly worn for Include a thorough washing, for paint
so that It Is possible to get around use by you or the Salvation Artny. won't hold on a greasy surface or
eaib ons with a hoe. and hand-pull nave rugs made from Ihetn. Ths cost make a good appearance on top of
Is small and ths covering will be ’d irt
ths weeds In the clump.
There has been wide difference of Ideal.
There Is much wear and tear saved
opinion about tbs use of sslt on as
Plant for View
paragus At one time salting It was on all parts of the upper quarters
common practice, the Idea being that and stories when the basement Is
A few wisteria vines, two or three
It was good for the asparagus. New turned Into livable quarters, and with box bushes and a clump or so of tail
few do this. With suitable soli and ths Installation of modern heating flowering spring shrub», to be seen
plenty of plant food, good asparagus apparatus, even In the oldest houses ! from the house rather than against It
are much more attractive than qnan-
r a n be grown with or without s a lt— much dirt Is ellmlnated.
Comrete or siooe walls In ths baso- 1 tlty planting In ths nurseryman s stjlst
Rurnl New Torker.
IT